ESP_Accounting_Ss_COVER.

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CAREER PATHS Accounting

Student’s Book
John Taylor – Stephen Peltier - C.P.A., M.S.
Career Paths: Accounting is a new educational resource for accounting professionals who
want to improve their English communication skills in a work environment. Reviewed by
accounting professionals, the series incorporates career-specific vocabulary and contexts
into lessons that build students' working knowledge of English. Each unit offers step-by-
step instruction that immerses students in four language components: reading, listening,
speaking, and writing. Career Paths: Accounting addresses topics including bookkeeping,
financial statements, taxes, career options, and office interactions.

The series is organized into three levels of difficulty and offers over 400 vocabulary terms
and phrases. Every unit includes a test of reading comprehension, vocabulary, and listening
skills, and leads students through written and oral production.

Included Features:
• A variety of realistic reading passages
• Career-specific dialogues
• 45 reading and listening comprehension checks
• Over 400 vocabulary terms and phrases
• Guided speaking and writing exercises
• Complete glossary of terms and phrases

The Teacher’s Guide contains detailed lesson plans, a full answer key and audio scripts.

The audio CDs contain all recorded material.

ISBN 978-0-85777-827-7
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Book

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Scope and Sequence

Unit Topic Reading context Vocabulary Function

1 Jobs in Advertisement back-office, bookkeeper, budget analysis, client, CPA, Introducing

Accounting file clerk, firm, internal auditor, tax accountant, trainee yourself
2 Numbers Chart add, and, divided by, equals, hundred, is, less, minus, Expressing
multiplied by, over, plus, subtract, times confusion
3 Office Materials Invoice binder, bulletin board, cubicle divider, desk lamp, dry Apologizing to a
eraser, file cabinet, note pad, paper clip, stapler, client
whiteboard
4 Electronic Tools Proposal calculator, CD/DVD drive, copier, desktop computer, Asking about
fax machine, flash drive, landline telephone, laptop purpose
computer, mobile telephone, printer
5 Bookkeeping Blog accounting software, adjusted trial balance, credit card Confirming
Cycle statement, end-of-period procedure, fiscal year, payroll information
master file, payroll, purchase invoice, source document,
time card, transaction
6 GAAP and Magazine Article broad-scale uniformity, consistent, disclosure, FASB, Describing pros
IASB governing body, IASB, principles-based approach, and cons
rules-based approach
7 Income Income Statement / general and administrative expenses, gross margin, Avoiding
Statements Magazine income statement, net income, operating margin, P&L, distractions
sales revenue, sell, tax
8 Balance Sheets Balance Sheet / accounts payable, accounts receivable, asset, balance Giving bad news
Magazine sheet, cash, debt, fixed asset, inventory, liability,
owner’s equity, sum
9 Cash Flow Cash Flow cash distribution, cash flow, cumulative, dividend, Confirming
Statements Statement / financing activity, generate, inflow, outflow, proceeds, meaning
Journal Article stockholder
10 Describing Report decline, dramatically, hover, plummet, recover, sharply, Making a
Change slightly, stabilize, steadily prediction
11 Gleaning Info Email assess, eat away at, factor, interpret, return on equity, Describing
from Financial return on sales, thin, uncollectable, year-over-year speed of work
Statements growth rate
12 Overdrafts Bank Notice cash a check, charge, compensate, inform, overdraft, Offering services
transfer, upcoming, withdrawal
13 Costs Magazine Article below cost, cost-plus method, dumping, markup, out Reacting to
of business, predatory, sales price, sue expected news
14 Taxes Advertisement corporate tax, excise tax, file, inheritance tax, IRS, property Asking for
tax, sales tax, specialize, tax form, value-added tax information
15 Depreciation Memo accelerated depreciation, depreciable asset, Agreeing with a
depreciation, depreciation methods, depreciation suggestion
schedule, obsolescence, recovery period, salvage value,
straight-line depreciation, tangible asset, wear and tear
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Table of Contents

Unit 1 – Jobs in Accounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Unit 2 – Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Unit 3 – Office Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Unit 4 – Electronic Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Unit 5 – Bookkeeping Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Unit 6 – GAAP and IASB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Unit 7 – Income Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Unit 8 – Balance Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Unit 9 – Cash Flow Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Unit 10 – Describing Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Unit 11 – Gleaning Information from Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Unit 12 – Overdrafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Unit 13 – Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Unit 14 – Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Unit 15 – Depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
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Book

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Scope and Sequence

Unit Topic Reading context Vocabulary Function

1 The Back Office Journal Article back office, cash collections, checking account, Stating a
gross earnings, gross wages, pay stub, preference
procurement, purchase order, salary, total wages
2 Guiding Principles of Textbook business entity, conservatism, corporation, full Talking about
Accounting disclosure, most-likely scenario, objectivity, opinions
optimistic, partnership, relevance, sole
proprietorship, unbiased
3 Controllers Job Listing accounting system, attention to detail, background Asking about
check, CFO, controller, drug screening, external priorities
financial report, integrity, internal financial report, up
to date
4 Cash and Liquidity Journal Article buy out, excessive, expenditures, insufficient, Stating an
liquidity, receipt, safety reserve, unproductive, zero opinion
cash balance
5 Intangible Assets Magazine Article amortization, competitive intangible, copyright, Requesting
goodwill, intangible assets, legal intangibles, explantation
patent rights, trade secrets, trademark
6 Presenting a P & L Memo EBIT, fixed expenses, margin per unit, operating Describing
Statement earnings, profit center, retailer, sales volume, total uncertainty
margin, variable expenses, wholesaler
7 Internal Controls Journal Article accounting controls, deceit, embezzlement, Making plans
Against Mistakes and falsification, forgery, fraud, hold accountable, kick-
Theft back, misappropriation, pilfering, shoplift
8 Accrual Basis Textbook accounts payable, accounts receivable, accrual Asking for
Accounting − basis accounting, advance payment, allocate, clarification
Non-cash Accounts increment, on credit, paid for ahead of time,
prepaid expense account
9 Unpaid Expenses Textbook accrual, accrued expenses payable, bill, bonus, Asking about
carry over, income tax payable, load period, via methods
10 Leverage – Good or Magazine Article collateral, default, desirable terms, interest rate, Giving a
Bad leverage, origination fee, pay off, senior claim, negative
take out, tax deductible reaction
11 Variable Expenses Report campaign, charitable, discontinue, employee benefits, Listing possible
level off, profit sharing plan, repair, spike, temporary causes
12 End-of-Period Email abnormally, adjusting entries, audit trail, catch my Talking about
Procedures attention, flow of transactions, out of the ordinary, completion
red flag, stiff, sweep
13 Accounting Software Advertisement data mining, ease of use, functionality, “garbage Discussing
in, garbage out”, remote access, security, up and function
running, user license, user-friendly
14 Reporting Extraordinary Journal Article damages, discontinuity, downsizing, extraordinary, Describing
Gains and Losses impaired, layoff, lawsuit, restructuring, severance limits
package
15 Is Profit Ethical? Article condemn, criticize, environmentally friendly, ethical, Describing
exploit, immoral, low road, make a killing, unethical frequency
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Table of Contents

Unit 1 – The Back Office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Unit 2 – Guiding Principles of Accounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Unit 3 – Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Unit 4 – Cash and Liquidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Unit 5 – Intangible Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Unit 6 – Presenting a P & L Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Unit 7 – Internal Controls Against Mistakes and Theft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Unit 8 – Accrual Basis Accounting — Non-cash Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Unit 9 – Unpaid Expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Unit 10 – Leverage — Good or Bad? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Unit 11 – Variable Expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Unit 12 – End-of-Period Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Unit 13 – Accounting Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Unit 14 – Reporting Extraordinary Gains and Losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Unit 15 – Is Profit Ethical? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
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Book

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Scope and Sequence

Unit Topic Reading context Vocabulary Function

1 The Language of Magazine Article combined, convention, custom, double underline, Giving reasons
Accounting general and administrative costs, insurance premium,
jargon, minus sign, second-nature, utility
2 Analyzing Magazine Article creditor, debt-to-equity ratio, fundamental analysis, growth Asking about
Balance Sheets potential, security valuation, side-by-side comparison, difficulty
statement of financial condition, working capital
3 Fraud Magazine Article administrative leave, bribery, cook the books, juggle Expressing
the accounts, make false entries, money-laundering, disbelief
reroute, sales skimming, under-the-table
4 Solvency Emails barring, catastrophe, current ratio, indicator, involuntary Asking for
bankruptcy, operating cycle, repetitive, solvency, think advice
twice, unforeseen
5 Direct and Textbook activity-based costing, cost driver, direct cost, direct Asking for
Indirect Costs labor, direct materials, fixed cost, fixed overhead, instructions
indirect cost, variable cost, variable overhead
6 Budgeting Textbook business budgeting, concrete goal, educated guess, Discussing
forecast, long-term, model, near-term, negative outlook, possible events
positive outlook, short-term, tighten, yardstick
7 Auditing Letter anomalous, capitalized, clean opinion, clerical error, Checking for
COO, cutoff point, erroneous, impropriety, material certainty
adjustment, professional skepticism
8 The Break-even Email break-even point, delicate, lock in, loss zone, margin Listing options
Point ratio, optimal, profit zone, recoup, slump
9 Globalization Journal Article adopt, apply globally, free circulation, globalized Talking about
standard, IASC, inevitable, mid-size, strategic decision, changes
worldwide trend
10 Communicating Blog body language, convenience, instant clarification, Asking about
with Clients linguistic cue, non-verbal cue, reflection, slang, stay in problems
touch, tonal cue, verbal cue, vernacular
11 Viability Emails advisory, astronomical, buyout, cost effective, local Giving an
knowledge, plant, raise capital, supply and distribution honest opinion
channel, venture, viability
12 Buy or Lease? Magazine Article down-payment, early termination, economic value, Acknowledging
finance, financier, lease, lease term, lease, lessee, a problem
lessor, run the numbers, useful life
13 Tax Havens Advertisement business association, flat tax, impose, levy, progressive Expressing
taxation, promote, tax avoidance, tax bracket, tax doubts
break, tax evasion
14 Tax Accounting Promotional board of accountancy, evaluate, expertise, in-house, Providing
Literature outsource, privacy policy, quality assurance, review reassurance
process, tedious, third party
15 The Future of Journal Article acquisition, attest service, audit opinion, electronic Describing new
Accounting commerce, flex location, flextime, litigation support, opportunities
merger, public practice, risk assessment, service-based
economy
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Table of Contents

Unit 1 – The Language of Accounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Unit 2 – Analyzing Balance Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Unit 3 – Fraud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Unit 4 – Solvency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Unit 5 – Direct and Indirect Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Unit 6 – Budgeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Unit 7 – Auditing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Unit 8 – The Break-even Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Unit 9 – Globalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Unit 10 – Communicating with Clients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Unit 11 – Viability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Unit 12 – Buy or Lease? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Unit 13 – Tax Havens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Unit 14 – Tax Accounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Unit 15 – The Future of Accounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
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6 GAAP and IASB

Businesses exchange information, therefore

companies must have broad-scale uniformity
in their records. Information must stay consistent.

.A. OPE
.S UR
U

Generally International
Accepted E Accounting
Accounting Principles Standards Board
(GAAP) (IASB)
In the USA, the Financial Accounting In Europe, there is another governing
Standards Board (FASB) has a system. body. It’s called the International
It’s called Generally Accepted Accounting Standards Board (IASB). It uses
Accounting Principles (GAAP). GAAP is a principles-based approach. It describes
a rules-based approach. It creates general accounting principles. Accountants
rules for disclosure. use these as a guide. It shows them how
to record financial transactions and
include proper disclosure in
financial statements.
Companies can decide which
approach to use. Many choose both.

Get Ready!
●
1 Before you read
the passage, talk about these questions.
1 What are some rules that accountants have to
follow? Vocabulary
2 How do accounting rules change in different
parts of the world?
●
3 Write a word that is similar in meaning to
the underlined part.
1 The company follows both the FASB and the
Reading European body that sets accounting standards.
●
2 Read the magazine article. Then, mark the ____
following statements as true (T) or false (F). 2 FASB is the governing body that establishes
American accounting standards. _ _ _ _
1 ___ Europe and the United States have different
accounting standards. 3 Accounting records must be the same across
2 numerous samples. _ _ n _ s _ _ _ _ t
___ The FASB creates standardized rules for the
governing bodies. 4 American accounting standards include rules
for giving out financial information.
3 ___ IASB accounting standards follow a
_i_c__s___
principles-based approach.
14
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●
4 Fill in the blanks with the correct words or phrases from Speaking
the word bank.
●
8 With a partner, act out the
roles below based on Task 7.
Then switch roles.
rules-based approach broad-scale uniformity FASB USE LANGUAGE SUCH AS:
principles-based approach governing bodies
Did you read the ...?
1 GAAP is a ________________________________________ . Why do we have to ...?
2 ________________________________________ design accounting standards. GAAP has ... But it’s also ...
3 Most European companies follow a ________________________________________ .
4 ________________________________________ is the organization that makes
Student A: You are an accountant.
accounting rules in America.
Talk to Student B about:
5 Accounting standards provide ________________________________________
• accounting standards
among organizations.
• advantages of each

●
5 Listen and read the article again. Which standard do • disadvantages of each
the majority of companies use?
Student B: You are an accountant.
Answer Student A’s questions.
Listening
●
6 Listen to a conversation between two accountants.
Choose the correct answers. Writing
1 What is the dialogue mostly about?
A the flexibility of IASB
●
9 Use the conversation from
Task 8 to fill out the
B advantages of using GAAP accountant’s notes.
C which accounting standards to use
D businesses in Europe and the USA Accounting
2 The accountants use both standards because they
A have clients in Europe and the USA.
Standards
B want to determine which is better.
C don’t want to be inconsistent.
D have clients that requested it. GAAP IASB

●
7 Listen again and complete the conversation.

Accountant 1: Did you read the 1 ___________ this morning? Advantages

Accountant 2: You mean the one that says we have to follow
both GAAP and IASB?
Accountant 1: Yes. Why do we have to follow both?
Accountant 2: Well, both have 2 ___________ and disadvantages. Disadvantages
Accountant 1: Like what?
Accountant 2: GAAP has 3 ___________ instructions. But it is restrictive.
IASB is 4 ___________ . But it can be inconsistent.
Accountant 1: Why not just pick one 5 ___________ to use? Primarily
Accountant 2: Well, we have clients in both the USA and Europe. It’s used in
better to use both 6 ___________ that they are familiar with.

15
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9 Globalization

worldwide trend

ba lized ?
e G lo
b by Harold Mays

s The world is shrinking. Due to the

le worldwide trend of globalization, companies

Ru
strategic decisions
all over the world are interacting and doing
business with one another. This has led many to

g
suggest that there is a need for globalized standards
tin in accounting. A few organizations, like the International
Should Accoun
Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) and the
International Accounting Standards Commitee (IASC),
have already begun to design such rules. Many businesses
have voluntarily adopted these guidelines. Should these or
other rules be applied globally?
Globalized accounting rules would carry certain advantages.
Since this transition is probably inevitable, businesses must
adopted engage the global market if they wish to maximize their prospects.
Indeed, globalization allows for the free circulation of capital as
well as ideas and innovations. Furthermore, with standardized
accounting, companies would be better able to make strategic
decisions within the global economy.
However, globalization may carry certain disadvantages as well.
It may be relatively easy and profitable for large corporations
to adjust to globalized standards. But the adjustment would
be more difficult for mid-sized and small businesses. They
have fewer resources than the larger companies.
Changing to a new standardized accounting system
could be very costly for them. It would require new
staff as well as training for existing staff.
Get ready!
•••
●
1 Before you read the passage,
talk about these questions.
1 What is globalization?
2 How does globalization affect accounting
in your country? Vocabulary
●
3 Match the words or phrases (1-5) with the
Reading definitions (A-E).

●
2 Read this article from an accounting journal. 1 ___ inevitable 4 ___ mid-sized
Then, mark the following statements as 2 ___ applied globally 5 ___ strategic decisions
true (T) or false (F) according to the passage. 3 ___ worldwide trend
1 ___ Adjusting to global standards would be
A choices made to improve one’s situation
difficult for large businesses
B between large and small
2 ___ Globalization may lead to the free exchange
of ideas between countries. C certain to happen
3 ___ Many businesses are already required to use D used all over the world
the new global rules. E a pattern of behavior that happens everywhere
20
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●
4 Fill in the blanks with the correct words or phrases: free Speaking
circulation, International Accounting Standards Committee
(IASC), adopt, globalized standards. ●
8 With a partner, act out the
roles below based on Task 7.
1 The ______________________________ has designed global accounting rules. Then switch roles.
2 Many people want ______________________________ instead of regional rules. USE LANGUAGE SUCH AS:
3 Globalization encourages ______________________________ of ideas. It would be ...
4 Businesses choose whether or not to ______________________________ It might cost a little ...
new rules.
I see your point ...

●
5 Listen and read the article again. What would be the
main benefit of global accounting rules? Student A: You are an accountant.
Talk to Student B about:
Listening • the idea of global accounting
standards
●
6 Listen to a conversation between two accountants.
• advantages and disadvantages
Choose the correct answers.
of global standards
1 What is the dialogue mostly about?
A training methods around the world Student B: You are an accountant.
B global business regulations and licenses Answer Student A’s questions.
C the cost of regulating a global economy
D advantages and disadvantages of global standards
Writing
2 The woman thinks globalized standards will
A be implemented very quickly. ●
9 You are an accountant. Use the
article and the conversation
B encourage international business. from Task 8 to write a brief
C cause growth in larger businesses. letter to the editor of an
D block the financing of small businesses. accounting journal. Talk about:

●
7 Listen again and complete the conversation. • a recent article saying globalized
accounting standards are a good
A1: What? Are you kidding? It would be so much easier to idea
work with companies from all over the world! • your opinion agreeing or
A1: Yes, you’re right that it would help large companies expand. disagreeing with the article
But it would hurt smaller businesses.
A1: I’m not sure what you mean.
A1: Well, a new standardized accounting system would 1 ___________
___________ and probably new employees.
A2: Yeah, it might cost a little to 2 ___________ ___________ ___________ . So what?
A1: So small companies don’t have as much money. 3 ___________
___________ ___________ ___________ .
A2: OK. 4 ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ , but I still think it would
be good for business. It might take time for everyone to catch up.
A1: Yeah, and some might never catch up.
A2: You know, it 5 ___________ ___________ ___________ what we think anyway.
A1: What do you mean?
A2: 6 ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ . I think it’s inevitable.

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Glossary

printer [N-COUNT-U4] A printer is a machine that transfers documents from computer files to paper.

proceeds [N-UNCOUNT-U9] Proceeds are monies received from sales.

property tax [N-COUNT-U14] A property tax is a fee that local governments charge for owning real estate.

purchase invoice [N-COUNT-U5] A purchase invoice is a document requesting that payment be made for a purchase.

recover [V-I-U10] To recover is to achieve a normal level after a decrease.

recovery period [N-COUNT-U15] A recovery period is the length of time during which an asset is depreciated.

return on equity [N-UNCOUNT-U11] Return on equity is a comparison of net income to owner’s equity.

return on sales [N-UNCOUNT-U11] Return on sales is a comparison of net income to sales revenue.

rules-based approach [N-COUNT-U6] A rules-based approach is a method of setting accounting standards based
on non-negotiable rules.

sales price [N-COUNT-U13] A sales price is the amount of money that someone requires in exchange for an item.

sales revenue [N-COUNT-U7] Sales revenue is the amount of money that is received from selling goods or services.

sales tax [N-COUNT-U14] A sales tax is a fee that the government charges for selling a product or service.

salvage value [N-COUNT-U15] Salvage value is what an asset is worth after being depreciated across its recovery period.

sell below cost [V-PHRASE-U13] To sell below cost is to the sell something for less money than it took to purchase,
manufacture or produce it.

selling [N-UNCOUNT-U7] Selling is the act of exchanging goods or services for money.

sharply [ADV-U10] To do something sharply is to do it rapidly.

slightly [ADV-U10] To do something slightly means to do it to a small degree.

source document [N-COUNT-U5] A source document is one of the various types of records of financial transactions.

specialize [V-T-U14] To specialize in something is to acquire a high level of knowledge and experience with it.

stabilize [V-I-U10] To stabilize is to achieve and maintain a steady level.

stapler [N-COUNT-U3] A stapler is a device that fastens together sheets of paper by piercing them with staples.

steadily [ADV-U10] To do something steadily means to do it at a constant, stable rate.

stockholder [N-COUNT-U9] A stockholder is a person who has purchased a percentage of ownership of a company.

straight-line depreciation [N-UNCOUNT-U15] Straight-line depreciation is a depreciation schedule in which an

asset’s value is deducted at a steady rate.

subtract [V-T-U2] To subtract a number is to remove that quantity from another number.

sue [V-T-U13] To sue someone is to initiate legal proceedings against them.

sum [N-COUNT-U8] A sum is the result of adding two or more numbers.

tangible asset [N-COUNT-U15] A tangible asset is any piece of physical property that bears value.

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CAREER PATHS Accounting

Student’s Book
John Taylor – Stephen Peltier - C.P.A., M.S.
Career Paths: Accounting is a new educational resource for accounting professionals who
want to improve their English communication skills in a work environment. Reviewed by
accounting professionals, the series incorporates career-specific vocabulary and contexts
into lessons that build students' working knowledge of English. Each unit offers step-by-
step instruction that immerses students in four language components: reading, listening,
speaking, and writing. Career Paths: Accounting addresses topics including bookkeeping,
financial statements, taxes, career options, and office interactions.

The series is organized into three levels of difficulty and offers over 400 vocabulary terms
and phrases. Every unit includes a test of reading comprehension, vocabulary, and listening
skills, and leads students through written and oral production.

Included Features:
• A variety of realistic reading passages
• Career-specific dialogues
• 45 reading and listening comprehension checks
• Over 400 vocabulary terms and phrases
• Guided speaking and writing exercises
• Complete glossary of terms and phrases

The Teacher’s Guide contains detailed lesson plans, a full answer key and audio scripts.

The audio CDs contain all recorded material.

ISBN 978-0-85777-827-7