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Problem Set 1

The document outlines 20 problems related to linear algebra concepts including: 1) Identifying whether sets form vector spaces or subspaces 2) Checking sets for linear dependence or independence 3) Finding bases and matrix representations with respect to different bases 4) Finding invariant subspaces, Jordan and rational canonical forms 5) Constructing orthonormal sets and solving least squares problems

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Tamim Boubou
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54 views2 pages

Problem Set 1

The document outlines 20 problems related to linear algebra concepts including: 1) Identifying whether sets form vector spaces or subspaces 2) Checking sets for linear dependence or independence 3) Finding bases and matrix representations with respect to different bases 4) Finding invariant subspaces, Jordan and rational canonical forms 5) Constructing orthonormal sets and solving least squares problems

Uploaded by

Tamim Boubou
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem set 1

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1. (Vector space) Show that following sets form a vector space over R or C.
a. the set of solutions of a homogeneous ode.
b. single variable polynomials with degree less than or equal to n.
c. contiuous functions, differentiable functions (real or complex valued).
d. coumn/row span of a matrix.
e. set of all linear maps from a vector space V to itself.

2. (Subspace) Show that a set of differentiable functions forms a subspace of the vector space
of contiuous functions (over R or C). Construct more examples of subspaces.

3. (Linear dependance/independance)
    Check the following sets for linear dependance/independance.
    1 0      
1 0  1   1  1 0 1
a.  1  ,  1 , b.   ,   c.  1  ,  1  ,  2 .
 0   1 
2 1 1 1 2
1 1
4. (Basis) Find at least two set of bases for R3 apart from standard basis vectors.

5. (Matrix representation) Let {v1 , v2 , v3 } be a basis for V. Let A : V → V. Let Av1 =


α1 v1 + α2 v2 + α3 v3 , Av2 = α4 v1 + α5 v2 + α6 v3 and Av3 = α7 v1 + α8 v2 + α9 v3 . Find a matrix
representation for A w.r.t. a basis {v1 , v2 , v3 }. Let w = β1 v1 +β2 v2 +β3 v3 . Find co-ordinates of Aw.

6. (Change of basis) Let V be a vector space. Suppose vectors are represented by row vectors
instead of column vectors. Find a matrix representation of A : V → V w.r.t. standard basis vectors
{eT T T T
1 , . . . , en }. Let {v1 , . . . , vn } be a new basis. Find the matrix representation of A w.r.t. new basis.

7. (Invariant subspaces) Find


 all invariant 
subspaces of the following matrices.
    1 1 0 0
1 0 0 1 0 0  0
 0 1 0 , 0 5 0 , 1 0 0  .
 0 0 2 1 
0 0 2 0 0 2
0 0 0 2
8. (Jordan and Rational canonical form). Let A : V → V and dimension of V = 6. Suppose
A has eigenvalues {1, 2, 3}. Suppose algebraic multiplicities of eigenvalues {1, 2, 3} are 3, 2 and
1 respectively and geometric multiplicities are 2, 1 and 1 respectively. Find Jordan and rational
canonical forms of A. Find all cyclic subspaces of V. Moreover, find the minimal and the charac-
teristic polynomial of A.

9. (Othonormal set/basis) Construct orthonormal set of vectors from exercise problem 3.

10. (Orthogonal subspaces) Show that ker(A) = Im(AT )⊥ .

11. Show that inner products are preserved for unitary/orthogonal operators.

12. Show that eigenvalues of positive definite matrices are positive.


13. Solve the following least squares problem:
   
1 2   1
 1 1  x1 =  1 
x2
0 0 2

14. (Norms and svd) Find 1−norm and 2−norms of vectors from exercise 3 and 2−norms of ma-
trices in exercise 4. Find svd of matrices in exercise 4.
 
1
15 (Quotient spaces) Let V1 =< > be a subspace of R2 . Find a basis for R2 /V1 .
1
16. Let A : V → V. Show that V/ker(A) is isomorphic to Im(A).

17. Find the least norm solution of the following:


 
 x
1 2 5  1 
  
1
x2 = .
1 1 4 2
x3

18. Show that the determinant of orthogonal matrices is ±1.

19. Show that if A is symmetric, then singular values of A are given by modulus of eigenval-
ues of A (Singular values are always greater than or equal to zero for any matrix).

20. Let JA be a Jordan canonical form of A. Find eJA t .

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