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Direct Method

The Direct Method emerged in the late 19th century as a new approach to foreign language teaching. It was influenced by theorists like C. Marcel and F. Gouin who emphasized the importance of meaning and using the target language in real-life situations. The Direct Method teaches vocabulary and grammar inductively and focuses on speaking the language through techniques like questioning, self-correction, conversation practice, and dictation, with reading and writing based on oral exercises. The goal is for students to communicate directly in the target language without translating.

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Aditiya Ayu A
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147 views

Direct Method

The Direct Method emerged in the late 19th century as a new approach to foreign language teaching. It was influenced by theorists like C. Marcel and F. Gouin who emphasized the importance of meaning and using the target language in real-life situations. The Direct Method teaches vocabulary and grammar inductively and focuses on speaking the language through techniques like questioning, self-correction, conversation practice, and dictation, with reading and writing based on oral exercises. The goal is for students to communicate directly in the target language without translating.

Uploaded by

Aditiya Ayu A
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Direct Method (DM)

The last two decades of the nineteenth century led to a new age of foreign language teaching.
C.Marcel and F.Gouin are among of the rofermers. C. Marcel (1793-1896) a Frenchman referred
to child language learning as a model for language teaching with specific emphaisi s on the
importance of meaning in learning. He argued that reading skill should be taught before other
skills as listening, speaking and writing. F. Gouin (1831-1896) his method used situations and
the message as ways of organizing and presenting oral languages.

The above principles provided the theoretical foundations to language teaching that is based
on scientific approach to the study of language and language learning. All these led to the
development of what came to be known as the Direct Method or the Coversation Method or the
Communicative Method. Among these names, Direct Method is the most popular.

The Above Tenests Became The Major Principles of Direct Method as Follows:

1. The goal of the DM is to make students learn how to communicative in the target
language.
2. Students taught using DM need to associate ,eaning and the target directly.
3. The syllabus used in the DM is based on situations .
4. Language is viewed as primarly spoken not written.
5. Vocabulary is more emphasized than grammar. Reading and writing exercises are based
on what the students practice orally first.

The Characteristic Of Direct Method :

1. Teaching concepts and vocabulary through pantomiming, real-life objects and other
visual materials.
2. Teaching grammar by using an inductive approach.
3. Centrality of spoken language (including a native-like pronunciation)
4. Focus on question and answer patterns.

The Classroom Techniques of Direct Method:

1. Reading aloud. Students take turns reading sections of passage, play, or dialog out loud.
2. Question and answer exercise. Students are asked questions and answers in full sentences
so that they practice with new words and grammatical structure.
3. Getting students to self-correct. The teacher can have the students self correct by asking
them to make a choice between what they said and an alternate answers he supplied.
4. Conversation practice. The teacher asks students a number of questions in the target
language, which the students have to understand and to be able to answer correctly.
5. Dictation. The teacher reads the passage three times. The first time the teacher reads it at
a normal speed, while the students just listen. The second time be reads the passage
phrase by phrase. The last time the teacher again reads at normal speed, and students
check their work.
6. Paragraph writing. The teacher can asks the students to write a paragraph in their own
words a certain topic given by the teacher or the student’s own choice.

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