Scribd
Upload
51 views4 pages

DigiComm Tut 3

This document outlines topics covered in a digital communication tutorial, including: 1. Carrier synchronization techniques like the Mth power loop and Costas loop. Clock recovery using an early-late gate symbol synchronizer is also discussed. 2. Non-coherent modulation schemes like differential phase shift keying and non-coherent FSK are described in terms of their transmit/receive diagrams and probability of error. M-ary PSK and M-QAM are also covered. 3. Coherent modulation techniques including ASK, PSK, and FSK are explained with transmit/receive diagrams, signal representations, constellations, and power spectra. Expressions for probability of error using maximum likelihood and union bounds

Uploaded by

Js Js
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
51 views4 pages

DigiComm Tut 3

This document outlines topics covered in a digital communication tutorial, including: 1. Carrier synchronization techniques like the Mth power loop and Costas loop. Clock recovery using an early-late gate symbol synchronizer is also discussed. 2. Non-coherent modulation schemes like differential phase shift keying and non-coherent FSK are described in terms of their transmit/receive diagrams and probability of error. M-ary PSK and M-QAM are also covered. 3. Coherent modulation techniques including ASK, PSK, and FSK are explained with transmit/receive diagrams, signal representations, constellations, and power spectra. Expressions for probability of error using maximum likelihood and union bounds

Uploaded by

Js Js
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

ET-20515 Digital Communication Autumn 2019

Tutorial 3: October 2019


Instructor: Dr. Prateek Dolas Scribe:

Note: LATEX template courtesy of UC Berkeley EECS dept.

3.1 Digital Data Transmission


1. Explain following techniques of carrier synchronization:
i. M th power loop using phase locked loop
ii. Costas loop

2. Explain the Clock recovery (i.e. Symbol Synchronization) using early-late gate symbol synchronizer.

3.2 Non Coherent and M-ary Digital Modulation Schemes


3. Dicuss the following non-coherent modulation schemes with respect to its transmitter Receiver block
diagram and expression of probability of error:
i. Differential phase shift keying.
ii. Non coherent binary FSK.

4. Discuss M-ary PSK and M-ary QAM under the following heads:
i. Its signal representation using suitable orthonormal basis.
ii. Its transmitter receiver block diagram and its constellation diagram.
iii Probability of error.

3.3 Coherent Digital Modulation Schemes


5. Explain following coherent binary digital modulation techniques w.r.t its transmitter-receiver schematic,
its signal representation using suitable orthonormal basis, its constellation (i.e. Signal space) diagram
and their power spectra.
i. ASK
ii. PSK
iii. FSK

6. Derive an expression for probability of error for BASK, BPSK and BFSK using Maximum likelihood
(ML) criterion.

7. Derive an expression for Union (Upper) bound on probability of error.


Students should not keep themselves confined to the above set of problems. In addition, they must explore and practice
wide variety of additional relevant problems from various available text(s) related to this course.

3-1
3-2 Tutorial 3: October 2019

8. Derive an expression for probability of error for BASK, BPSK and BFSK using Union bound.

9. Explain Minimum shift keying.

10. Explain QPSK.

11. In a MSK signal, the initial state for the phase is either 0 or π rad. Determine the terminal phase state
for the input data pair 00, 01, 10, 11.

12. Consider a four phase and eight phase signal constellation shown in figure below. Determine the radii
r1 and r2 of the circles such that the distance between two adjacent points in both the constellations
is d. From this result, determine the additional transmitted energy required in the 8-PSK signal to
achieve the same error probability as the four phase signal at high SNR, where the probability of error
is determined by errors in selecting the adjacent points.

13. A BFSK transmitter maps the information bits 0 and 1 into waveforms with different frequencies, as
given below

0 : s0 (t) = A cos(2πf0 t + φ)
1 : s1 (t) = A cos(2πf1 t + φ)

i. Show that the required minimum separation in frequency 4f = |f0 − f1 |, such that the two
functions s0 (t) and s1 (t) are orthogonal is 1/2Tb , where Tb is the symbol (bit) duration. Assume
f0 , f1  1/Tb
ii. Determine the minimum value of frequency separation 4f necessary to achieve minimum error
probability in a coherent detector. Hence determine the probability of error for this choice of 4f .

14. Using union bound on probability of error, find the probabilty of symbol error in QPSK system.

15. Define the following:


i. Antipodal Signals
ii. Orthonormal Signals.
iii. Orthogonal Signals.

16. The waveform having amplitude of 5mV and the AWGN’s PSD 10−11 Watts/Hz is received by a
binary receiver system at a bit rate of 1 Mbps. Calculate the average probability of error for various
modulation schemes.
Tutorial 3: October 2019 3-3

3.4 Geometrical Signal Representation/Signal Space Representa-


tion
17. Using gram-schmidth orthogonalization procedure find a set of orthonormal basis functions to represent
the three signals s1 (t), s2 (t)ands3 (t) shown in figure below. Express each of these signals in terms of
the set of basis functions.

18. Discuss Rotational invariant and Translation invariant property of signal space diagram.
3-4 Tutorial 3: October 2019

You might also like