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mybœv‡Zi Av‡jv‡K gywg‡bi Rxeb-1
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Avjvni c‡_ `vÕIqvZ 2

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we. we. †ivW. wSbvB`n-7300
‡dvb I d¨·: 0451-62578; †gvevBj: 01711152954
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1. `vi‚k kixqvn LvbKv‡q dzidziv, cvKkx, Bk¦i`x, cvebv
2. Bkvqv‡Z Bmjvg KzZzeLvbv, 2/2 `vi‚m mvjvg, wgicyi, XvKv-1216
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published by Usama
(Calling to Allah), written by Dr. Khandaker Abdullah Jahangir and
Jhenidah-7300. February 2009. Price TK 35.00
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gymwjg D¤§vni `ywbqv I Av‡Liv‡Zi mdjZv I bvRvZ|
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Contents
m~ P xcÎ
cÖ_g cwi‡‛Q` : cwiwPwZ, ¸i‚Z¡ I welqe¯‘ /7-17
1. 1. cwiwPwZ: `vÕIqvn, Avgi, bvnB, ZvejxM, bmxnZ, Iqvh /7
1. 2. KziAvb-nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K `vÕIqvZ-Gi ¸i‚Z¡ /8
1. 2. 1. bex-ivm~jM‡Yi gyj `vwqZ¡ /8
1. 2. 2. D¤§v‡Z gynv¤§v`xi Ab¨Zg `vwqZ¡ I •ewkó¨ /9
1. 3. ¶gZv ebvg `vwqZ¡ I di&h AvBb ebvg di&h wKdvqv /12
1. 4. Avjvni c‡_ `vÕIqvZ-Gi welqe¯‘ /14
wØZxq cwi‡‛Q` : cyi¯‹vi I kvw¯— /18-24
2. 1. `vÕIqv‡Zi dhxjZ I mvIqve /18
2. 1. 1. mvaviY mvIqve I we‡kl mvIqve /18
2. 1. 2. mdjZv I m‡e©v‛P cyi¯‥vi /18
2. 1. 3. AMwYZ gvby‡li mgcwigvY mvIqve /19
2. 1. 4. Avhve-Mhe †_‡K i¶v /19
2. 2. `vÕIqv‡Z Ae‡njvi kvw¯— /20
2. 2. 1. mvaviY kvw¯— ebvg we‡kl kvw¯— /20
2. 2. 2. `ywbqvex Mhe /21
2. 2. 3. †`vqv Keyj bv nIqv /22
2. 2. 4. mvgvwRK kvwš—, HK¨ I m¤cÖxwZ bó nIqv /22
2. 2. 5. cvc I Awfkvc AR©b /23
Z…Zxq cwi‡‛Q` : `vÕIqv‡Zi kZ© I `vÔqxi ¸Yvejx /25-35
3. 1. Bjg ev Ávb /25
3. 2. mswk-ó e¨w³i cÖwZ fvjevmv I Avš—wiKZv /26
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3. 3. e¨w³MZ Avgj /28
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3. 3. 1. e¨w³MZ Avg‡j Î‚wU mn `vÕIqv‡Zi weavb /29
3. 4. webgªZv I eÜzfvcvbœZv /29
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3. 5. DËg w`‡q g›` cÖwZnZ Kiv /31
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3. 6. my›ì eënvi I AvPiY /32
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3. 7. mei ev •ah© /34
3. 8. mvjvZ, Zvmexn I Bev`Z /35
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4. 1. wewfbœ ARynv‡Z G `vwqZ¡w
PZz_© cwi‡‛Q` : `vÕIqv‡Zi †¶‡Î fyjåvwš— /36-48
4. 2. K‡VviZv, DMÖZv ev w
cvj‡b Ae‡njv Kiv /36
mxgvj“Nb /38
4. 3. djvdj cÖvwßi e¨¯—Zv /38
4. 4. `vÕIqv‡Zi ARynv‡Z e¨w³MZ Avg‡j Î‚wU /39
4. 4. 1. di‡h AvBb ev` w`‡q di‡h wKdvqv cvjb Kiv /39
4. 4. 2. IqvwRe-mybœvZ eR©b Kiv ev nvivg-gvKiƒ‡n wjß nIqv /40
4. 4. 3. e¨w³MZ bdj-gy¯—vnve Bev`‡Z Î‚wU Kiv /40
4. 5. `vÕIqvZ I ms‡kvab ebvg wePvi I kvw¯— /41
4. 6. Av‡`k-wb‡la ebvg MxeZ-AbymÜvb /43
4. 6. 1. cvcxi MxeZ /45
4. 6. 2. Ô`vÔqxÕi MxeZ /47
4. 6. 3. ms‡kvab ebvg †`vl †Mvcb /48
cÂg cwi‡‛Q` : mybœv‡Zi Av‡jv‡K `vÕIqvZ /49-63
5. 1. ÔBev`Z cvj‡b mybœv‡Zi ¸i‚Z /49
5. 1. 1. mybœv‡Zi A_© I cwiPq /49
5. 1. 2. mybœv‡Zi evB‡i †Kv‡bv ÔBev`Z Keyj n‡e bv /49
5. 1. 3. `vÕIqv‡Zi KvRI mybœvZ c×wZ‡Z n‡Z n‡e /50
5. 1. 4. ÔBev`Z I DcKi‡Yi cv_©K¨ /50
5. 2. `vÕIqv‡Zi Ôgvmb~bÕ c×wZ I DcKiY /51
5. 2. 1. KziAvb gvRx` /51
5. 2. 2. wnKgvn I nv`xm /51
5. 2. 3. my›ì Iqvh /51
5. 2. 4. DrK…óZi c×wZ‡Z Av‡jvPbv-weZK© /52
Contents

5. 2. 5. wRnv` I wKZvj /52
5. 2. 6. wbR AvPi‡Yi gva¨‡g DËg Av`k© ¯’vcb /52
5. 2. 7. Drmvn, cyi¯‥vi I kvw¯— /53
5. 3. gvmb~b DcKi‡Yi wbwl× eënvi /53
5. 3. 1. Inx-ewnf©yZ K_v‡K Inxi bv‡g Pvjv‡bv /53
5. 3. 1. 1. Inxi bv‡g wg_¨v ejv /53
5. 3. 1. 2. e¨vL¨v‡K Inxi mv‡_ mshy³ Kiv /57
5. 3. 1. 3. Abyev‡ì †¶‡Î ms‡hvRb ev we‡qvRb /57
5. 3. 1. 4. Øx‡bi bv‡g Abygvb wbf©i gZvgZ ev dvZIqv †Ìqv /57
5. 3. 2. Mí wbf©i Iqvh /58
5. 3. 3. SMov wbf©i weZK© /58
5. 3. 4. wnKgvZ -Gi bv‡g A‣ea Kg© /58
5. 3. 5. wRnv` ev wKZv‡ji bv‡g gvivgvwi ev nZ¨v /58
5. 4. `vÕIqv‡Zi AvaywbK DcKiY /59
5. 4. 1. wgwWqv, wgwQj, niZvj BZ¨vw` AvaywbK DcKiY /59
5. 4. 2. AvaywbK DcKiY eënv‡ii kZ©vejx /59
5. 4. 3. niZvj, ag©NU, Ae‡iva, KzkcyËwjKv /60
5. 5. DcKiY ebvg ÔBev`Z : wewfbœ fyjåvwš— /61
†kl K_v /64
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Contents

cÖ_g cwi‡‛Q`
cwiwPwZ, ¸i‚Z¡ I welqe¯‘
1. 1. cwiwPwZ: `vÕIqvn, Avgi, bvnB, ZvejxM, bmxnZ, Iqvh
wb‡Ri Rxe‡bi cÖwZwU †¶‡Î Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji () wb‡`©kbv ev¯—evq‡bi cvkvcvwk wb‡Ri Av‡kcv‡k Ae¯’vbiZ Ab¨vb¨
gvbyl‡ì g‡a¨ Avjvni `xb‡K ev¯—evq‡bi †Póv Kiv gywg‡bi Ab¨Zg `vwqZ¡| GRb¨ gywg‡bi Rxe‡bi GKwU eo `vwqZ¡ n‡jv ÔAvj-
Avgi‚ wej gviƒd Iqvb bvn&BD Avwbj gybKviÕ, A_©vr Ôb¨vq Kv‡Ri wb‡`©k I Ab¨vq †_‡K wb‡la KivÕ| Av‡`k I wb‡la-†K GK‡Î
ÔAv`-`vÕIqvZz BjvjvnÕ ev ÔAvjvni w`‡K AvnŸvbÕ ejv nq| G Bev`vZ cvjbKvix‡K Ò`vÔqx Bjvj-vnÓ ev ÒAvjvni w`‡K AvnŸvbKvixÓ
I ms‡¶‡c Ò`vÔqxÓ, A_©vr Ò`vÕIqvZKvixÓ ev Ò`vIqvZ-Kg©xÓ ejv nq|
`vÕIqvZ (‫ )الدعوة‬k‡ãi A_© AvnŸvb Kiv ev WvKv| Aviex‡Z Avg&i (‫ )األمر‬ej‡Z Av‡`k, wb‡`©k, Dc‡`k, Aby‡iva, Abybq meB
eySvq| Abyiƒcfv‡e ÔbvnBÕ (‫ )النهي‬ej‡Z wb‡la, eR©‡bi Aby‡iva BZ¨vw` eySv‡bv nq|
KziAvb-nv`x‡m GB `vwqZ¡ eySv‡bvi Rb¨ Av‡iv A‡bK cwifvlv eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q: Zb¥‡a¨ i‡q‡Q AvZ-ZvejxM
(‫)التبليغ‬, Avb-bvmxnvn (‫)النصيحة‬, Avj-IÔqvh ( ‫ )الوعظ‬BZ¨vw`| AvZ-ZvejxM A_© †cu․Qv‡bv, cÖPvi Kiv, Lei †Ìqv, †NvlYv
†Ìqv ev Rvwb‡q †Ìqv| kã Avb-bmxnvn k‡ãi A_© Avš—wiK fvjevmv I Kj¨vY Kvgbv| G fvjevmv I Kj¨vY Kvgbv cÖm~Z
Iqvh, Dc‡`k ev civgk©‡KI bmxnZ ejv nq| ÔIqvhÕ evsjvq cÖPwjZ AwZ cwiwPZ Aviex kã| Gi A_© Dc‡`k, Av‡e`b,
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1. 2. KziAvb-nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K `vÕIqvZ-Gi ¸i‚Z¡
1. 2. 1. bex-ivm~jM‡Yi gyj `vwqZ¡
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mrKv‡h© Av‡`k I AmrKv‡h© wb‡la, cÖPvi, bmxnZ, Iqvh ev GKK_vq Avj-vni `xb cvj‡bi c‡_ AvnŸvb KivB wQj mKj
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bex I ivm~‡ji (AvjvBngym mvjvg) `vwqZ¡| mKj bexB Zuvi D¤§vZ‡K ZvInxZ I Bev`‡Zi Av‡`k K‡i‡Qb Ges wkiK, Kzdi I
cvc †_‡K wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| m~iv AvÕiv‡di 157 Avqv‡Z gnvb Avjvn e‡jb:
‫اإل ْن ِجي ِْل َيأْ ُم ُر ُه ْم ِب ْال َمعْ ر ُْوفِ َو َي ْن َها ُه ْم َع ِن‬ َ ‫اَلَّ ِذي َْن َي َّت ِبع ُْو َن الرَّ س ُْو َل ال َّن ِبيَّ األُم‬
ِ ‫ِّي الَّ ِذيْ َي ِجد ُْو َن ُه َم ْك ُت ْوبا ً عِ ْندَ ُه ْم فِيْ ال َّت ْو َرا ِة َو‬
‫ْال ُم ْن َك ِر‬
Òhviv AbymiY K‡i evZ©vevnK D¤§x bexi, huvi D‡jL Zviv Zv‡ì wbKU iw¶Z ZvIivZ I BbRx‡j wjwce× cvq, whwb
Zv‡ì‡K mrKv‡h©i wb‡`©k †`b Ges AmrKvh© †_‡K wb‡la K‡ib...|Ó
G Avqv‡Z ivm~jyj-vni () Kg©‡K Av‡`k I wb‡la bv‡g AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Ab¨Î G Kg©‡K `vÕIqvZ ev AvnŸvb bv‡g
AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| m~iv nv`x`-Gi 8 Avqv‡Z Avjvn ZvevivKv Iqv ZvÕAvjv e‡jb:
Ò†Zvgv‡ì wK nj †h, †Zvgiv Avjvni cÖwZ Cgvb Avb bv, A_P ivm~j †Zvgv‡ì‡K AvnŸvb Ki‡Qb †h, †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡ì
cÖwZcvj‡Ki cÖwZ Cgvb Avb|Ó
m~iv bvnj-Gi 125 Avqv‡Z ivm~jyj-vn ()-Gi G `vwqZ¡‡K `vÕIqvZ ev ÔAvnŸvbÕ e‡j AwfwnZ K‡i Avj-vn myenvbvû Iqv
ZvÔAvjv e‡jb:
www..com
ÒAvcwb Avcbvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki w`‡K AvnŸvb Ki‚b wnKgvZ ev cÖÁv Øviv Ges my›ì Iqvh-Dc‡`k Øviv Ges Zv‡ì mv‡_
DrK…óZi c×wZ‡Z Av‡jvPbv-weZK© Ki‚b|Ó
Ab¨Î GB `vwqZ¡‡KB ZvejxM ev cÖPvi e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| m~iv gv‡q`vi 67 Avqv‡Z Avjvn myenvbvû Iqv
ZvÔAvjv e‡jb:
ÔÔ†n ivm~j, Avcbvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki c¶ †_‡K Avcbvi Dci hv AeZxY© n‡q‡Q Zv Avcwb cÖPvi Ki‚b| hw` Avcwb Zv bv
Contents

K‡ib Zvn‡j Avcwb Avjvni evZ©v cÖPvi Ki‡jb bv|ÕÕ
KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi ejv n‡q‡Q †h, cÖPvi ev †cu․Qv‡bvB ivm~jM‡Yi GKgvÎ `vwqZ¡| m~iv bvn&j-Gi 35 Avqv‡Z ejv
n‡q‡Q,
Òivm~jM‡Yi `vwqZ¡ †Zv ïaygvÎ my¯úó evYx cÖPvi Kiv|Ó

GB `vwqZ¡‡KB Ab¨Î bmxnZ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| m~iv AvÕiv‡di 62 Avqv‡Z b~n (Av) Gi hevbx‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q,
ÒAvwg Avgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki wimvjv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ †Zvgv‡ì Kv‡Q †cu‣Q w`w‛Q Ges Avwg †Zvgv‡ì bmxnZ KiwQ|Ó
m~iv AvÕiv‡di 68, 79, 93 AvqvZ, m~iv n~`-Gi 34 AvqvZ I Ab¨vb¨ ¯’v‡b `vÕIqvZ‡K ÔbmxnZÕ e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv
n‡q‡Q|
m~iv ïivi 13 Avqv‡Z e‡j‡Qb,
ÒwZwb †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ wewae× K‡i‡Qb `xb, hvi wb‡`©k w`‡qwQ‡jb wZwb b~n‡K- Avi hv Avwg Inx K‡iwQ Avcbv‡K- Ges
hvi wb‡`©k w`‡qwQjvg Beivnxg, g~mv Ges Cmv‡K, G e‡j †h, †Zvgiv `xb cÖwZôv Ki Ges Zv‡Z `jv`wj-wew‛QbœZv K‡iv bv|
Avcwb gykwiK‡ì‡K hvi cÖwZ AvnŸvb Ki‡Qb Zv Zv‡ì wbKU `ye©n g‡b nq|Ó
Zvevix, Beby Kvmxi I Ab¨vb¨ gydvm&wmi mvnvex-Zvweqx gydvm&wmiMY †_‡K D×„Z K‡i‡Qb †h, `xb cÖwZôvi A_© n‡jv `xb cvjb
Kiv| Avi `xb cwic~Y© cvj‡bi g‡a¨B i‡q‡Q Av‡`k, wb‡la I `vÕIqvZ| G A‡_© †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv M‡elK `xb cvjb ev wb‡Ri Rxe‡b
`xb cÖwZôvi cvkvcvwk Ab¨‡ì Rxe‡b `xb cÖwZôvi `vÕIqvZ‡KI ÒBKvg‡Z `xbÓ e‡j MY¨ K‡i‡Qb|
1. 2. 2. D¤§v‡Z gynv¤§v`xi Ab¨Zg `vwqZ¡ I •ewkó¨
c om
s t .
`vÕIqvZ, Av‡`k-wb‡la, `xb cÖwZôv ev bmxn‡Zi GB `vwqZ¡B D¤§v‡Z gynv¤§v`xi Ab¨Zg `vwqZ¡ I •ewkó¨| m~iv Avj-
Bgiv‡bi 104 Avqv‡Z Gikv` Kiv n‡q‡Q,
ht r u
n a
sun
Ò†Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ Ggb RvwZ †nvK hviv Kj¨v‡Yi w`‡K AvnŸvb Ki‡e, b¨vqKv‡h© wb‡`©k w`‡e Ges Ab¨vq Kv‡h© wb‡la Ki‡e Ges GivB
mdjKvg|Ó
. a s
w
m~iv Avj-Bgiv‡bi 110 Avqv‡Z gnvb Avjvn e‡jb:
w
w Rb¨ †Zvgv‡ì Avwef©ve n‡q‡Q| †Zvgiv b¨vqKv‡h© Av‡`k Ges Ab¨vq Kv‡h© wb‡la Ki Ges
Ò†ZvgivB †kªô RvwZ, gvbeRvwZi
Avjv‡n wek¦vm Ki|Ó
cÖK…Z gywg‡bi •ewkó¨ eY©bv K‡i m~iv Avj-Bgiv‡bi 114 Avqv‡Z Avjvn e‡jb:
ÒZviv Avjvn Ges †kl w`‡b wek¦vm K‡i, mrKv‡h©i wb‡`©k †`q, AmrKv‡h© wb‡la K‡i Ges Zviv mrKv‡h© cÖwZ‡hvwMZv
K‡i| ZvivB m¾bw`‡Mi Aš—f©y³|Ó
m~iv ZvIevi 71 Avqv‡Z Avjvn ZvevivKv Iqv ZvÔAvjv e‡jb:
Ògywgb bibvix G‡K Ac‡ii eÜz, Giv b¨vqKv‡h© wb‡`©k †`q, Ab¨vq Kv‡h© wb‡la K‡i, mvjvZ Kv‡qg K‡i, hvKvZ cÖ`vb
K‡i Ges Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji AvbyMZ¨ K‡i| G‡ì‡KB Avjvn K…cv Ki‡eb| Ges Avjvn civµgkvjx, cÖÁvgq|Ó
m~iv ZvIevi 112 Avqv‡Z, m~iv n‡¾i 41 Avqv‡Z, m~iv jyKgv‡bi 17 Avqv‡Z I Ab¨vb¨ ¯’v‡bI D‡jL Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, Avjvni
cÖK…Z gywgb ev›`v‡ì Ab¨Zg •ewkó¨ n‡jv mrKv‡Ri Av‡`k I AmrKv‡Ri wb‡la| Gfv‡e Avgiv †`LwQ †h, Cgvb, bvgvh, †ivhv
BZ¨vw` Bev`‡Zi gZ mrKv‡Ri wb‡`©k I AmrKv‡Ri wb‡la gywg‡bi Ab¨Zg Kg©| ïay ZvB bq, gywgb‡ì cvi¯úwiK eÜz‡Z¡i `vwe
n‡jv †h, Zviv G‡K Ac‡ii Ab¨vq mg_©b K‡ib bv, eis G‡K Aci‡K b¨vqK‡g© wb‡`©k †`b Ges Ab¨vq †_‡K wb‡la K‡ib| GLv‡b
Av‡iv j¶Yxq †h, G mKj Avqv‡Z Cgvb, bvgvh, hvKvZ BZ¨vwì Av‡M mrKv‡h© Av‡`k I AmrKv‡h© wb‡la Kivi K_v D‡jL Kiv
n‡q‡Q| G‡_‡K Avgvi gywg‡bi Rxe‡b Gi mwe‡kl ¸i‚Z¡ Abyaveb Ki‡Z cvwi|
GB `vwqZ¡cvjbKvix gywgb‡KB m‡e©vËg e‡j †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q| m~iv nv gxg mvR`v (dym&wmjvZ) Gi 33 Avqv‡Z gnvb
Avjvn e‡jb:
Contents
ÒK_vq †K DËg H e¨w³ A‡c¶v †h Avjvni cÖwZ gvbyl‡K AvnŸvb K‡i, mrKg© K‡i Ges e‡j, Avwg †Zv
AvZ¥mgc©bKvix‡ì Aš—f©y³|Ó
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Av‡`k-wb‡la ev `vÕIqvZ-Gi Av‡iK bvg ÔbmxnZÕ| ÔbmxnZÕ eZ©gv‡b mvaviYfv‡e Dc‡`k A‡_© eëüZ
n‡jI g~j Aviex‡Z ÔbmxnZÕ A_© Avš—wiKZv I Kj¨vY-Kvgbv| Kv‡iv cÖwZ Avš—wiKZv I Kj¨vY Kvgbvi ewntcÖKvk n‡jv Zv‡K fvj
Kv‡Ri civgk© †Ìqv I Lvivc KvR †_‡K wb‡la Kiv| G KvRwU gywgb‡ì g‡a¨ ci¯ú‡ii cÖwZ Ab¨Zg `vwqZ¡| eis GB KvRwUi
bvgB `xb| ivm~jyj-vn  e‡jb,
Ò`xb n‡jv bmxnZ|Ó mvnvexMY e‡jb, Kvi Rb¨? wZwb e‡jb, ÒAvjvni Rb¨, Zuvi wKZv‡ei Rb¨, Zuvi ivm~‡ji ()
Rb¨, gymwjgM‡Yi †bZ…e‡M©i Rb¨ Ges mvaviY mKj gymwj‡gi Rb¨|Ó (gymwjg|)
ivm~jyj-vn mvj-vj-vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj-vg G Ôbmxn‡ZiÕ Rb¨ mvnvexM‡Yi evBÔqvZ ev cÖwZÁv MÖnY Ki‡Zb| wewfbœ nv`x‡m
Rvixi Beby Avãyjvn (iv), gyMxiv Beby ïÕev (iv) cÖgyL mvnvex e‡jb,

ÒAvwg ivm~jyj-vni () wbKU evBÔqvZ ev cÖwZÁv Kijvg, mvjvZ Kv‡q‡gi, hvKvZ cÖ`v‡bi, Ges cÖ‡Z¨K gymwj‡gi bmxnZ
Kivi|Ó (eyLvix)
G A‡_© wZwb mrKv‡h© Av‡`k I AmrKv‡h© wb‡l‡ai evBÔqvZ MÖnY Ki‡Zb| ÔDev`vn Beb mvwgZ I Ab¨vb¨ mvnvex (iv)
e‡jb,
c om
t .
ÒAvgiv ivm~jyj-vn () Gi nv‡Z evBÔqvZ Kwi AvbyM‡Zï.... Ges mrK‡g© Av‡`‡ki Ges AmrK‡g© wb‡l‡ai Ges GB e‡j †h,
s
u
Avgiv gwngvgq Avjvni Rb¨ K_v eje Ges †m wel‡q †Kv‡bv wb›`y‡Ki wb›`v ev Mvwj Mvjv‡Ri †Zvqv°v Kie bv|Ó (Avng`| wewfbœ
MÖnY‡hvM¨ mb‡`|)
ht r
n
1. 3. ¶gZv ebvg `vwqZ¡ I dih AvBb ebvg dih wKdvqv a
a s sun
Av‡`k wb‡l‡ai Rb¨ ¯^fveZB ¶gZv I †hvM¨Zv cÖ‡qvRb| GRb¨ hviv mgv‡R I iv‡óª `vwqZ¡ I ¶gZvq i‡q‡Qb Zv‡ì
.
Rb¨ G `vwqZ¡ AwaKvsk †¶‡Î dih AvBb ev e¨w³MZfv‡e dih| `vwqZ¡ I ¶gZv hZ †ewk Av‡`k I wb‡l‡ai `vwqZ¡I ZZ
w
†ewk| Avjvni Kv‡Q Revew`wnZvi fqI Zv‡ì ZZ †ewk| m~iv n¾-Gi 41 Avqv‡Z Avjvn e‡jb:
w
w
Òhv‡ì‡K Avwg c„w_ex‡Z cÖwZôv `vb Ki‡j ev ¶gZvevb Ki‡j Zviv mvjvZ Kv‡qg K‡i, hvKvZ †`q, mrKv‡h© wb‡`©k
†`q Ges AmrKv‡h© wb‡la K‡i| Avi mKj K‡g©i cwiYvg Avjvni GLwZqv‡i|Ó
GRb¨ G wel‡q kvmK‡Mvôx, cÖkvm‡bi mv‡_ RwoZ e¨w³eM©, AvÂwjK cÖkvmKMY, wePviKMY, AvwjgMY, eyw×RxweMY I
mgv‡Ri Ab¨vb¨ cÖfvekvjx e¨w³‡ì `vwqZ¡ Ab¨‡ì †P‡q †ekx, Zv‡ì Rb¨ AvksKvI †ewk| Zv‡ì g‡a¨ †KD hw` `vwqZ¡ cvjb
bv K‡i wbðzc _v‡Kb Z‡e Zvi cwiYwZ n‡e KwVb I fqven|
Abyiƒcfv‡e wb‡Ri cwievi, wb‡Ri Aaxb¯’ gvbylMY I wb‡Ri cÖfvevaxb gvbyl‡ì Av‡`k I wb‡la Kiv M„nKZ©v ev
Kg©KZ©vi Rb¨ dih AvBb| KviY Avjvn Zv‡K G‡ì g‡a¨ ¶gZvevb I `vwqZ¡kxj K‡i‡Qb Ges wZwb Zv‡K G‡ì wel‡q
wRÁvmv Ki‡eb| ivm~jyj-vn () e‡j‡Qb,
Òmveavb! †Zvgiv mK‡jB AwffveK‡Z¡i `vwqZ¡ cÖvß Ges cÖ‡Z¨K‡KB Zvi `vwqZ¡vaxb‡ì m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv Kiv n‡e|
gvbyl‡ì Dci `vwqZ¡-cÖvß kvmK ev cÖkvmK AwffveK Ges Zv‡K Zvi Awab¯’ RbMY m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv Kiv n‡e| evwoi
KZ©ve¨w³ Zvi cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡ì `vwqZ¡cÖvß AwffveK Ges Zv‡K Zv‡ì wel‡q wRÁvmv Kiv n‡e| ¯¿x Zvi ¯^vgxi evwo I Zvi
mš—vb-mš—wZi `vwqZ¡ cÖvßv Ges Zv‡K Zv‡ì wel‡q wRÁvmv Kiv n‡e| (eyLvix I gymwjg)
wKš‘ Gi A_© GB bq †h, Ab¨vq I AmrK‡g©i cÖwZev` Kiv ïaygvÎ G‡ìB `vwqZ¡| eis Zv mKj gymjgv‡bi `vwqZ¡|
whwb Ab¨vq ev Mwn©Z Kg© †`L‡eb Zvi Dc‡iB `vwqZ¡ n‡q hv‡e mva¨ I my‡hvMgZ Zvi ms‡kvab ev cÖwZKvi Kiv| ivmyjyjvn ()
e‡jb,
7
ÔÔ†Zvgv‡ì †KD hw` †Kv‡bv Ab¨vq †`L‡Z cvq Z‡e †m Zv‡K Zvi evûej w`‡q cwieZ©b Ki‡e| hw` Zv‡Z m¶g bv nq Z‡e †m Zvi
Contents

e³‡eï gva¨‡g Zv cweeZ©b Ki‡e| G‡ZI hw` m¶g bv nq Zvn‡j ‡m Zvi Aš—i w`‡q Zvi cwieZ©b (Kvgbv) Ki‡e, Avi GUvB n‡jv Cgv‡bi
`ye©jZg ch©vq|ÕÕ (gymwjg)
G †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, cÖ‡Z¨K gywg‡biB `vwqZ¡ n‡jv, Ab¨vq †`L‡Z †c‡j mva¨ I my‡hvM gZ Zvi cwieZ©b ev ms‡kvab
Kiv| G‡¶‡Î Ab¨vq‡K Aš—i †_‡K N„Yv Kiv Ges Gi Aemvb I cÖwZKvi Kvgbv Kiv cÖ‡Z¨K gywg‡bi Dc‡iB dih| Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZ
ü`‡qi weiw³ I N„Yv bv _vKv Cgvb nviv‡bvi j¶Y| Avgiv AMwYZ cvc, Kzdzix, nvivg I wbwl× K‡g©i mvqjv‡ei g‡a¨ evm Kwi|
evisevi †`L‡Z †`L‡Z Avgv‡ì g‡bi weiw³ I AvcwË K‡g hvq| ZLb g‡b n‡Z _v‡K, G †Zv ¯^vfvweK ev G †Zv n‡ZB cv‡i| cvc‡K
Aš—i †_‡K †g‡b †bIqvi G Ae¯’vB n‡jv Cgvb nviv‡bvi Ae¯’v| Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~j () hv wb‡la K‡i‡Qb ev hv cvc I Ab¨vq Zv‡K
N„Yv Ki‡Z n‡e, hwÌ Zv Avgvi wb‡Ri Øviv msNwUZ nq ev we‡k¦i mKj gvbyl Zv K‡ib| G n‡jv Cgv‡bi b~¨bZg `vex|
Dc‡ii AvqvZ I nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cviwQ †h, ¶gZvi wfwË‡Z GB Bev`ZwUi `vwqZ¡ eZ©v‡e| GRb¨ dKxnMY D‡jL
K‡i‡Qb †h, `xb cÖwZôv ev `vÕIqvZ I Av‡`k-wb‡l‡ai G Bev`ZwU mvaviYfv‡e dih wKdvqv|
hw` mgv‡Ri GKvwaK gvbyl †Kv‡bv Ab¨vq ev kixqZ we‡ivax K‡g©i K_v Rvb‡Z cv‡ib ev †`L‡Z cvb Zvn‡j Zvi
cÖwZev` ev cÖwZKvi Kiv Zv‡ì mK‡ji Dci ÔmvgwóK dihÕ ev Ôdi‡h wKdvqvÕ| Zv‡ì ga¨ †_‡K †KD hw` G `vwqZ¡ cvjb
K‡ib Z‡e wZwbB Bev`ZwU cvj‡bi mvIqve cv‡eb Ges evKx‡ì Rb¨ Zv g~jZ ÔbdjÕ Bev`‡Z cwiYZ n‡e| evwK gvby‡liv Zv
cvjb Ki‡j mvIqve cv‡eb, Z‡e cvjb bv Ki‡j †MvbvnMvi n‡eb bv| Avi hw` †KDB Zv cvjb bv K‡ib Zvn‡j mevB cvcx
n‡eb| `yBwU Kvi‡Y Zv di‡h AvBb ev e¨w³MZ di‡h cwiYZ nq :
cÖ_gZ, ¶gZv| hw` †KD Rvb‡Z cv‡ib †h, wZwbB G Ab¨vqwUi cÖwZKvi Kivi ¶gZv iv‡Lb Zvn‡j Zvi Rb¨ Zv dih
AvBb-G cwiYZ nq| cwiev‡ii AwffveK, GjvKvi ev †`‡ki ivR‣bwZK ev cÖkvmwbK Kg©KZv© I †bZ…e„‡›ì Rb¨ G `vwqZ¡wU G
ch©v‡q dih AvBb| GQvov †h †Kv‡bv cwiw¯’wZ‡Z hw` †KD eyS‡Z cv‡ib †h, wZwb n¯—‡¶c Ki‡j ev K_v ej‡j Ab¨vqwU eÜ
n‡e ev b¨vqwU cÖwZwôZ n‡e Z‡e Zv Zvi Rb¨ Ôdih AvBbÕ ev Ôe¨w³MZfv‡e dihÕ n‡e|
wØZxqZ, †`Lv| hw` †KD Rvb‡Z cv‡ib †h, wZwb Qvov Ab¨ †KD Ab¨vqwU †`‡L wb ev Rv‡b wb, Z‡e Zvi Rb¨ Zv wb‡la Kiv I
c om
cwiZ¨v‡Mi Rb¨ `vÕIqvZ †Ìqv Ôdih AvBbÕ ev Ôe¨w³MZ dihÕ-G cwiYZ nq| me©ve¯’vq G cÖwZev`, cÖwZKvi I `vÕIqvZ n‡e mva¨vbyhvqx nvZ
w`‡q, gyL w`‡q ev Aš—i w`‡q|
s t .
1. 4. Avjvni c‡_ `vÕIqvZ-Gi welqe¯‘
ht r u
a
`vÕIqvZ, Av‡`k, wb‡la, Iqvh, bmxnZ BZ¨vwì welqe¯‘ Kx? Avgiv †Kvb& †Kvb& wel‡qi `vÕIqvZ ev Av‡`k-wb‡la Kie? †Kvb&
n
sun
wel‡qi KZUzKz ¸i‚Z¡ w`‡Z n‡e? Avgiv wK ïaygvÎ bvgvh †ivhv BZ¨vw` Bev`‡Zi Rb¨ `vÕIqvZ cÖ`vb Kie? bvwK wPwKrmv, eëmv, wk¶v,
s
mgvR, gvbevwaKvi, mZZv BZ¨vw` wel‡qI `vÕIqvZ cÖ`vb Kie? Avgiv wK ïay gvbyl‡ì Rb¨B `vÕIqvZ cÖ`vb Kie? bvwK Avgiv Rxe-
. a
Rv‡bvqvi, cÖK…wZ I cwi‡e‡ki Kj¨v‡YI `vÕIqvZ I Av‡`k wb‡la Kie?
w
w
Bmjvg GKwU cwic~Y© Rxebeë¯’v| Cgvb, wek¦vm, Bev`Z, gyÔAvgvjvZ BZ¨vw` mKj wel‡qi cÖwZwU †¶‡Î Gi we¯—vwiZ wb‡`©kbv
w
i‡q‡Q| mKj welqB `vÕIqv‡Zi welq| wKQz welq ev` w`‡q ïaygvÎ wKQz wel‡qi g‡a¨ `vÕIqvZ‡K mxgve× Kivi AwaKvi gywgb‡K
†Ìqv nq wb| Z‡e ¸i‚Z¡MZ cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| Ô`vÕIqv‡Zi msweavbÕ KziAvb Kvixg I nv`xm kix‡d †h welq¸wji `vÕIqv‡Z †ewk ¸i‚Z¡
cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q, gywgbI †m¸wji cÖwZ †ewk ¸i‚Z¡ cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|
Avgiv Rvwb †h, KziAvb I nv`x‡m cÖ`Ë ¸i‚Z¡ Abymv‡i gywgb Rxe‡bi Kg©¸wj‡K wewfbœ ch©v‡q fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| dih
AvBb, dih wKdvqv, IqvwRe, mybœvZ, gymZvnve, nvivg, gvKiƒn, gyevn BZ¨vw` cwifvlv¸wj Avgv‡ì wbKU cwiwPZ| wKš‘
A‡bK mgq Avgiv Òdhxj‡ZiÓ K_v ej‡Z †h‡q Av‡eM ev AÁZv ekZ G‡¶‡Î gvivZ¥K fyj K‡i _vwK| bdj-gymZvnve
K‡g©i `vÕIqvZ w`‡Z †h‡q dih-IqvwRe K‡g©i K_v fy‡j hvq ev Ae‡njv Kwi| GQvov A‡bK mgq ÔgymZvnveÕ-Gi dhxjZ
ej‡Z †h‡q ÔnvivgÕ Gi fq¼i cwiYwZi K_v ejv nq bv|
KziAvb-nv`x‡mi `vÕIqvZ c×wZ †_‡K Avgiv `vÕIqvZ I `xb cÖwZôvi Av‡`k wb‡l‡ai welqvejxi ¸i‚‡Z¡i ch©vq wbgœiƒc
†`L‡Z cvB|
cÖ_gZ, ZvInx` I wimvjv‡Zi weï× Cgvb AR©b I me© cÖKvi wkiK, Kzd&i I wbdvK †_‡K AvZ¥i¶v| mKj bexi
`vÕIqv‡Zi welq wQj cÖ_gZ GwU| KziAvb-nv`x‡m G wel‡qi `vÕIqvZB me‡P‡q †ewk †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| GKw`‡K †hgb ZvInx‡ì
weavbvejx we¯—vwiZ eY©bv K‡i ZvInx` cÖwZôvi `vÕIqvZ †Ìqv n‡q‡Q, †Zgwb evisevi wkiK, Kzd&i I wbdv‡Ki we¯—vwiZ eY©bv
w`‡q Zv †_‡K wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q|
eZ©gvb mg‡q Øx‡bi c‡_ `vÕIqv‡Z e¨¯— AwaKvsk Ò`vÔqxÓ GB welqwU‡Z fqvbKfv‡e Ae‡njv K‡ib| Avgvi wPš—v Kwi
†h, Avgiv †Zv gywgb‡ì‡KB `vÕIqvZ w`w‛Q| Kv‡RB Cgvb-AvKx`v ev ZvInx‡ì wel‡q `vÕIqvZ †Ìqvi ev wkiK-Kzd&i †_‡K
wb‡la Kivi †Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRbxqZv †bB| A_P gnvb Avj-vn m~iv BDm~‡di 106 Avqv‡Z e‡jb:
ÒAwaKvsk gvbyl Avjvni Dci Cgvb Avbqb K‡i Ges †m Ae¯’vq Zviv wki&‡K wjß _v‡K|Ó
nv`xm kix‡d evisevi gywgb‡ì‡K wkiK-Kzd&i †_‡K mveavb Kiv n‡q‡Q| wkiK, Kzd&i I wbdvK-gy³ weï× ZvInx` I
Contents

wimvjv‡Zi Cgvb Qvov bvgvh, †ivhv, `vÕIqvZ, wRnv`, whwKi, ZvhwKqv BZ¨vw` mKj dih ev bdj Bev`ZB A_©nxb| GRb¨
wki&K-Kzd&ix‡Z wjß e¨w³‡K bvgvh, †ivhv, whwKi, `xb cÖwZôv BZ¨vwì `vÕIqvZ †ÌqvI A_©nxb|
wØZxqZ, ev›`vi ev m„wói AwaKvi mswkó nvivg eR©b| Avgiv Rvwb, dih Kg© `y cÖKvi: KiYxq dih I eR©bxq dih|
hv eR©b Kiv dih Zv‡K ÒnvivgÓ ejv nq| nvivg `yB cÖKvi| cÖ_g cÖKvi nvivg gvbyl I m„wói AwaKvi ev cvIbv bó Kiv ev
Zv‡ì †Kv‡bv ¶wZ Kiv welqK nvivg| G¸wj eR©b Kiv m‡e©v‛P ¸i‚Z¡c~Y©|
wcZvgvZv, ¯¿x, mš—vb, Aaxb¯’, mnKg©x, cÖwZ‡ekx, `wi`ª, GwZg I Ab¨vb¨ mK‡ji AwaKvi mwVKfv‡e Av`vq Kiv;
†Kv‡bvfv‡e Kv‡iv AwaKvi bó bv Kiv; KvD‡K Ryjyg bv Kiv; MxeZ bv Kiv; IRb, cwigvc BZ¨vw`‡Z Kg bv Kiv; cÖwZÁv,
Pzw³, `vwqZ¡ ev AvgvbZ Av`v‡q Ae‡njv bv Kiv; nvivg DcvR©b †_‡K AvZ¥i¶v Kiv; wb‡Ri ev AvZ¥xq‡ì wei‚× n‡jI b¨q
K_v ejv I b¨vq wePvi Kiv; Kvwdi kÎ‚‡ì c‡¶ n‡jI b¨vq wePvi Kiv BZ¨vw` welq KziAvb I nv`x‡mi `vÕIqvZ I
Av`‡k wb‡l‡ai Ab¨Zg ¸i‚Z¡c~Y© welq|
GgbwK iv¯—vNv‡U, gvRwj‡m, mgv‡R ev cwi‡e‡k KvD‡K Kó †Ìqv Ges Kv‡iv Amyweav m„wó Kiv‡KI nv`xm kix‡d
KwVbfv‡e wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| m„wói AwaKvi ej‡Z ïay gvbyl‡ì AwaKviB eySv‡bv nq wb| cïcvwLi AwaKvi msi¶Y,
gvby‡li cÖ‡qvRb Qvov †Kv‡bv cÖvYx‡K Kó bv †Ìqv BZ¨vw` wel‡q AZ¨š— K‡Vvifv‡e mZK© Kiv n‡q‡Q|
`vÕIqv‡Zi †¶‡Î G welq¸wj A‡bK mgq Ae‡nwjZ| GgbwK A‡bK Ô`vÔqxÕ ev Ô`vÕIqvZKg©xÕI G mKj Aciv‡a
RwoZ n‡q c‡ob|
†h †Kv‡bv Kg©¯’‡j Kg©iZ Kg©KZ©v I Kg©Pvixi Rb¨ Kg©¯’‡ji `vwqZ¡ cwic~Y© Avš—wiKZvi mv‡_ mwVKfv‡e cvjb Kiv
di&h AvBb| hw` †KD wb‡Ri Kg©¯’‡j ÔdihÕ †mev MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ AvMZ e¨w³‡K ÔdihÕ †mev cÖ`vb bv K‡i Zv‡K ciw`b
Avm‡Z e‡jb ev Zv‡K GKN›Uv ewm‡q †i‡L ÔPvk‡ZiÕ bvgvh Av`vq K‡ib ev `vÕIqv‡Z Ask MÖnY K‡ib Zvn‡j wZwb gyjZ
H e¨w³i gZ Kg© Ki‡Qb, †h e¨w³ cvMoxi dhxj‡Zi K_vq †gvwnZ n‡q jyw½ Ly‡j Dj½ n‡q cvMox c‡i‡Q|
m
AwaKvi I `vwqZ¡ welqK Av‡`k wb‡la Kzi&Avb-nv`x‡m †ewk _vK‡jI Avgiv G mKj wel‡q †ewk AvMÖnx bB| Kg©KZ©v,
c o
Kg©Pvix, wk¶K, Wv³vi, bvm© I Ab¨vb¨‡ì‡K Kg©¯’‡j `vwqZ¡ cvjb I Avš—wiKZvi mv‡_ †mev cÖ`v‡bi wel‡q `vÕIqvZ I Av‡`k
t .
t r s
wb‡la Ki‡Z Avgiv AvMÖnx bB| A‣ea cvwK©s K‡i, iv¯—vi Dci evRvi ewm‡q, iv¯—v eÜ K‡i wgwUs K‡i ev Abyiƒc †Kv‡bvfv‡e
u
gvby‡li Kó †Ìqv, AcÖ‡qvRbxq †auvqv, M¨vm, kã BZ¨vwì gva¨‡g gvby‡li ev Rxe-Rv‡bvqv‡ii Kó †Ìqv ev cÖvK…wZK cwi‡ek
a h
bó Kiv BZ¨vw` wel‡q Av‡jvPbv, `vÕIqvZ ev Av‡`k-wb‡la Kiv‡K Avgiv A‡b‡KB ÔAvjvni c‡_ `vÕIqv‡Zi Awe‡‛Q`¨ AskÕ
n
sun
e‡j g‡b Kwi bv| eis G¸wj‡K RvMwZK, `ywbqvex ev AvaywbK e‡j g‡b Kwi|
s
Z…ZxqZ: cwievi I Aaxb¯’‡ì‡K Bmjvg Abymv‡i cwiPvwjZ Kiv|
. a
Òev›`vi n°Ó ev gvbevwaKvi welqK `vwqZ¡mg~‡ni Ab¨Zg n‡jv wb‡Ri `vwqZ¡vaxb‡ì‡K `x‡bi `vIqvZ †Ìqv I c‡_
w
w
cwiPvwjZ Kiv| `vIqvZ-Kg©x ev `vÔqxv wb‡R †hgb G wel‡q mZK© n‡eb, †Zgwb welqwU `vIqv‡Zi Ab¨Zg ¸i‚Z¡c~Y© welq
wn‡m‡e MÖnY Ki‡eb|
w
PZ…_©Z: Ab¨b¨ nvivg eR©b Kiv| nZ¨v, g`cvb, i³cvb, ïK‡ii gvsm f¶Y, e¨wfPvi, wg_¨v, Ryqv, wnsmv, we‡Øl,
AnsKvi, wiqv BZ¨vw` G RvZxq nvivg| Ò`vÔqxÓ ev `vIqvZ-Kg©x wb‡R Gme †_‡K wb‡Ri Kg© I ü`q‡K cweÎ Ki‡eb Ges
G¸wj †_‡K cweÎ nIqvi Rb¨ `vÕIqvZ cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, KziAvb I nv`x‡m AZ¨š— ¸i‚‡Z¡i mv‡_ evisevi
wewfbœfv‡e GwelqK `vÕIqvZ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
cÂgZ, cvjbxq dih IqvwRe¸wj Av`vq Kiv| bvgvh, †ivhv, n¾, hvKvZ, nvjvj DcvR©b, dih-AvBb ch©v‡qi Bjg
wk¶v BZ¨vw` G RvZxq dih Bev`Z Ges `vIqv‡Zi Ab¨Zg welq|
lôZ, m„wói DcKvi I Kj¨vYg~jK ÔmybœvZ-bvdjÕ Bev`Z Kiv| mKj m„wó‡K Zvi AwaKvi ey‡S †Ìqv dih|
AwaKv‡ii AwZwi³ mKj‡K h_vmva¨ mvnvh¨ I DcKvi Kiv KziAvb-nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K me©‡kªô ÔbdjÕ Bev`Z Ges Avjvni
mš‘wó AR©‡bi me‡P‡q mnR I wcÖqZg c_| ¶zavZ©‡K Avnvi †Ìqv, `wi`ª‡K `vwi`¨gy³ Kiv, wec`MÖ¯’‡K wec` †_‡K gy³ n‡Z
mvnvh¨ Kiv, Amy¯’‡K †`L‡Z hvIqv, wPwKrmvi eë¯’v Kiv Ges †h †Kv‡bvfv‡e †h †Kv‡bv gvby‡li ev m„wói Kj¨vY, †mev ev
DcKv‡i mvgvb¨Zg Kg© Avjvni wbKU AZ¨š— wcÖq| KziAvb I nv`x‡m G mKj wel‡q evisevi `vÕIqvZ I Av‡`k-wb‡la Kiv
n‡q‡Q|
mßgZ, Avjvn I Zuvi ev›`vi ga¨Kvi ÔmybœvZ-bdjÕ Bev`Z Kiv| bdj bvgvh, †ivhv, whwKi, wZjvIqvZ, dih wKdvqv ev
bdj ch©v‡qi `vÕIqvZ, ZvejxM, wRnv`, bmxnZ, whK&i, ZvhwKqv BZ¨vw` G ch©v‡qi|
AwaKvsk †¶‡Î `vÕIqv‡Z iZ gywgbMY lô ch©v‡qi bdj Bev`‡Zi †P‡q mßg ch©v‡qi bdj Bev`‡Zi `vÕIqvZ †ewk
cÖ`vb K‡ib| we‡klZ, `vwi`¨ we‡gvPb, Kg©ms¯’vb •Zwi, nvmcvZvj cÖwZôv, wPwKrmv †mev cÖ`vb BZ¨vw` wel‡qi `vÕIqvZ
cÖ`vb‡K Avgiv ÔAvjvni c‡_ `vÕIqvZÕ e‡j g‡bB Kwi bv|
Avgv‡ì g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, gvbyl Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Rxe-Rv‡bvqviI hw` †Kv‡bv Ab¨vq ev ¶wZi K‡g© wjß _v‡K mva¨ I
my‡hvMgZ Zvi cÖwZKvi KivI Av‡`k wb‡la I Kj¨vY Kvgbvi Ask| †hgb Kv‡iv cï wec‡` co‡Z hv‡‛Q ev Kv‡iv dmj bó
Ki‡Q †`L‡Z †c‡j gywg‡bi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv my‡hvM I mva¨gZ Zvi cÖwZKvi Kiv| wZwb GB K‡g©i Rb¨ Av‡`k, wb‡la I bmxn‡Zi
Contents
mvIqve jvf Ki‡eb| c~e©eZ©x hy‡Mi cÖvÁ AvwjgMY G mKj welq we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ eZ©gvb mg‡q A‡b‡KB G
mKj welq‡K ÔAvjvni c‡_ `vÕIqvZÕ ev `xb cÖwZôvi Ask e‡j eyS‡Z cv‡ib bv| gnvb Avjvn Avgv‡ì‡K Zuvi mš‘wói c‡_
cwiPvwjZ Ki‚b|
c om
s t .
ht r u
n a
a s sun
w.
w w
Contents
wØZxq cwi‡‛Q`
cyi¯‹vi I kvw¯—
2. 1. `vÕIqv‡Zi dhxjZ I mvIqve
2. 1. 1. mvaviY mvIqve I we‡kl mvIqve
Dc‡ii AvqvZ I nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv mrKv‡h© Av‡`k I AmrKv‡h© wb‡la, `vÕIqvZ, `xb cÖPvi ev `xb cÖwZôvi ¸i‚Z¡ eyS‡Z
cviwQ| Avgiv †`LwQ †h, KvRwU gywg‡bi Rb¨ GKwU eo Bev`Z| G Bev`Z cvjb Ki‡j gywgb bvgvh, †ivhv I Ab¨vb¨ Bev`Z
cvj‡bi b¨vq mvIqve I cyi¯‥vi jvf Ki‡eb| Ae‡njv Ki‡jI Abyiƒc Bev`‡Z Ae‡njvi kvw¯— Zvi cÖvc¨ n‡e| Z‡e G‡¶‡Î j¶Yxq
†h, KziAvb-nv`x‡m `vÕIqvZ ev Av‡`k-wb‡l‡ai G Bev`‡Zi Rb¨ AwZwi³ cyi¯‥vi I kvw¯—i K_v Rvbv‡bv n‡q‡Q| cyi¯‥v‡ii †¶‡Î
wZbwU welq j¶Yxq: 1.m‡e©v‛P cyi¯‥vi, 2. Ab¨vb¨ A‡bK gvby‡li K‡g©i mgcwigvY mvIqve I 3. RvMwZK Mhe I kvw¯— †_‡K i¶v
cvIqv|
2. 1. 2. mdjZv I m‡e©v‛P cyi¯‹vi
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, `vÕIqvZ I Av‡`k-wb‡l‡ai `vwqZ¡ cvjbKvixivB mdjKvg e‡j Avj-Bgiv‡bi 104 Avqv‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q| m~iv
wbmvi 114 Avqv‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q †h, GB `vwqZ¡ cvjbKvixi Rb¨ i‡q‡Q g‡nvËg cyi¯‥vi :
ÒZv‡ì AwaKvsk †Mvcb civg‡k© †Kv‡bv Kj¨vY †bB| Z‡e †h `vb, mrKvh© I gvby‡li g‡a¨ kvwš— ¯’vc‡bi Av‡`k †`q Zvi civg‡k©
Kj¨vY Av‡Q| Avjvni mš‘wójv‡fi Rb¨ †KD Zv Ki‡j Zv‡K gnv-cyi¯‥vi wè|Ó
m
Ô`vÔqxÕi m‡e©v‛P cyi¯‥vi m¤ú‡K© ivm~jyj-vn () e‡jb,
t c o
. Zv †Zvgvi Rb¨ m‡e©v‛P m¤ú` jvj-
r u
ÒAvjvni Kmg, †Zvgvi gva¨‡g hw` GKRb gvbyl‡KI Avjvn myc_ †`Lvb
t s Zvn‡j
D‡Ui †P‡qI DËg e‡j MY¨ n‡e|Ó (eyLvix I gymwjg|)
n a h
n
Ab¨ nv`x‡m wZwb e‡j‡Qb,
Òfvj Kv‡h© wb‡`©k Kiv mv`Kv e‡j MY¨ s s u

Avgiv hviv mn‡R gyL Lyj‡Zw . a Ges Lvivc †_‡K wb‡la Kiv mv`Kv e‡j MY¨|Ó (gymwjg)
gvbyl‡K GKwU fvj K_v ejvi|w

PvB bv Zv‡ì GKUz wPš—v Kiv ìKvi| cÖwZw`b AMwYZevi Avgvi my‡hvM cvB gyL w`‡q
w †jvKwU K_v ïb‡e wKbv Zv we‡eP¨ welqB bq| Avwg ïay ejvi my‡hvMUv eënvi K‡i mvIqve
AR©b Ki‡Z PvB| GKUz fvj‡e‡m GKwU fvj Dc‡`kg~jK K_v Avgvi Rb¨ Avjvni ìev‡i AMwYZ cyi¯‥vi Rgv Ki‡e| mv‡_
mv‡_ †jvKwUiI DcKvi n‡Z cv‡i| hw` nq Z‡e Avgiv wØZxq ch©v‡qi we‡kl cyi¯‥vi jvf Kie|
2. 1. 3. AMwYZ gvby‡li mgcwigvY mvIqve
`vÔqx, gyevwj-M ev `vÕIqvZ I Zvejx‡M iZ e¨w³i we‡kl cyi¯‥v‡ii wØZxq w`K n‡jv Zvi GB K‡g©i d‡j hZ gvbyl fvj c‡_
Avm‡eb mK‡ji mvIqv‡ei mgcwigvb mvIqve wZwb jvf Ki‡eb| ivm~jyj-vn () e‡jb,
Òhw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ †Kv‡bv fvjc‡_ AvnŸvb K‡i Z‡e hZ gvbyl Zvi AbymiY Ki‡e Zv‡ì mK‡ji cyi¯‥v‡ii mgcwigvY cyi¯‥vi
†m e¨w³ jvf Ki‡e, Z‡e G‡Z AbymiYKvix‡ì cyi¯‥v‡ii †Kv‡bv NvUwZ n‡e bv| Avi hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ †Kv‡bv weåvwš—i w`‡K AvnŸvb
K‡i Z‡e hZ gvbyl Zvi AbymiY Ki‡e Zv‡ì mK‡ji cv‡ci mgcwigvY cvc †m e¨w³ jvf Ki‡e, Z‡e G‡Z AbymiYKvix‡ì cv‡ci
†Kv‡bv NvUwZ n‡e bv|Ó (gymwjg|)
gywgb hw` †Kv‡bv GKwU fvj Kg© Ki‡Z m¶g bvI nb, wKš— Zuvi wb‡`©kbv-civg‡k †KD Zv K‡i, Z‡e wZwb Kg©Kvixi
mgcwigvb mvIqve cvb| G wel‡q ivm~jyj-vn () Gikv` K‡i‡Qb,
Òhw` †KD †Kv‡bv fvj K‡g©i w`K-wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb K‡ib Z‡e wZwb Kg©wU cvjbKvixi mgcwigvb mvIqve jvf Ki‡eb|Ó
(gymwjg|)
2. 1. 4. Avhve-Mhe †_‡K i¶v
`vÕIqvZ I Av‡`k-wb‡l‡ai `vwqZ¡ cvjb Kivi Ab¨Zg cyi¯‥vi n‡jv RvMwZK Mhe †_‡K i¶v cvIqv| ivm~jyjvn ()
GKwU my›ì D`vni‡Yi gva¨‡g Zv eywS‡q‡Qb| wZwb e‡jb,
Contents
Ò†h e¨w³ Avjvni wewaweavb msi¶‡Yi Rb¨ m‡Pó Ges †h e¨w³ wewaweavb j“Nb Ki‡Q Df‡qi D`vniY n‡jv GK`j gvby‡li
gZ| Zviv mgy‡`ª GKwU RvnvR ev eRiv fvov K‡i| jUvixi gva¨‡g †KD Dc‡i Ges †KD wb‡Pi †Lv‡j ¯’vb cvq| hviv wb‡P Ae¯’vb MÖnY
Kij Zviv cvwb †Zvjvi Rb¨ Dc‡i Avm‡Z jvMj| G‡Z Dc‡ii gvbyl‡ì Mv‡q cvwb co‡Z jvMj| ZLb Dc‡ii gvby‡liv ejj,
Avgv‡ì‡K Gfv‡e Kó w`‡q †Zvgv‡ì‡K Dc‡i DV‡Z wè bv| ZLb wb‡Pi gvby‡liv ejj, Avgiv Avgv‡ì Ask ev Rvnv‡Ri wb‡P GKwU
MZ© Kwi, Zvn‡j Avgiv mn‡RB cvwb wb‡Z cvie Ges Dc‡ii gvbyl‡ì Kó w`‡Z n‡e bv| GB Ae¯’vq hw` Dc‡ii gvby‡liv Zv‡ì GB
Kv‡R evav †`q Ges wb‡la K‡i Zvn‡j Zviv mK‡jB †eu‡P hv‡e| Avi hw` Zviv Zv‡ì‡K G KvR Ki‡Z my‡hvM †`q Zvn‡j Zviv mK‡jB
Wy‡e hv‡e|Ó (eyLvix, wZiwghx|)
byeyq‡Zi b~i †_‡K DrmvwiZ G D`vniYwU fvj K‡i wPš—v Ki‚b| mgv‡Ri A‡bK ¶gZvai ev cÖfvekvjx gvbyl A‡bK cÖKv‡ii
Ab¨vq ev Mwn©Z KvR †`‡LI cÖwZev` K‡ib bv| Zuviv Rv‡bb †h, Zuviv cÖwZev` Ki‡j Zv eÜ n‡q hv‡e| wKš‘ Zviv bxieZv ev
Zvr¶wYK myweav AMÖvwaKvi †`b| Zviv fv‡eb, G‡Z Avgvi †Zv †Kv‡bv ¶wZ n‡‛Q bv| Kó Ki‡Q Ab¨ gvby‡liv| bó n‡‛Q Ab¨ gvby‡li
mš—v‡biv| Zv‡ì eySv DwPZ †h, mgv‡Ri G Ae¶q †Kv‡bv bv †Kvbvfv‡e Zv‡ì I Zv‡ì fwel¨Z cÖRb¥‡K ¯úk© Ki‡eB| GRb¨
Avgv‡ì mKj‡KB Av‡`k-wb‡l‡ai G `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b mRvM _vK‡Z n‡e|
2. 2. `vÕIqv‡Z Ae‡njvi kvw¯—
2. 2. 1. mvaviY kvw¯— ebvg we‡kl kvw¯—
c~‡e©i Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv †R‡bwQ †h, b¨v‡qi Av‡`k I Ab¨v‡qi wb‡la ev GKK_vq Avjvni c‡_ `vÕIqvZ GKwU Ôdih AvBbÕ
om
ev Ôdih wKdvqvÕ Bev`Z| mvaviYfv‡e Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, G Bev`Z cvj‡b Ae‡njv Ki‡j G RvZxq Ab¨vb¨ Bev`Z cvj‡b
c
t .
Ae‡njvi b¨vq †Mvbvn n‡e| Z‡e KziAvb-nv`x‡mi eY©bv †_‡K Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, G Bev`Z cvj‡b Ae‡njv Kivi Rb¨, we‡klZ,
s
2. 2. 2. `ywbqvex Mhe
ht r u
Ab¨vq KvR †`‡L mva¨gZ Zvi AvcwË I ms‡kvab bv Kivi Rb¨ we‡kl I KwVb kvw¯— i‡q‡Q| kvw¯—¸wj wbgœiƒc:
n a
KziAvb I nv`x‡mi wb‡`©kbv †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, hy‡M hy‡M hviv Zuv‡ì mgv‡Ri gvbyl‡ì‡K Ab¨vq cwiZ¨vM Ki‡Z
sun
AvnŸvb K‡i‡Qb †m me `vÔqx I gyevwjM‡K Avjvn Mhe I kvw¯— †_‡K i¶v K‡i‡Qb| Avi cvcxiv I cv‡ci bxie mg_©K cyYëvbiv
kvw¯—i g‡a¨ wbcwZZ n‡q‡Qb|
. a s
w
Bn~`x‡ì Rb¨ kwbev‡i †Kv‡bviƒc Kg© Kiv wb‡la wQj| kwbev‡i †Kv‡bv †R‡j gvQ aiZ bv| GRb¨ b`x‡Z cÖPzi gvQ †`Lv †hZ|
w
w
Zv‡ì ga¨Kvi GK`j gvbyl wnjv evnvbv K‡i kwbev‡i Rvj †d‡j ivL‡Z ïi‚ Kij, †hb iweev‡i gvQ ai‡Z cv‡i| ZLb fvj gvbyl‡ì
GK`j Zv‡ì wb‡la K‡ib Ges GK`j e‡jb, Gme gvby‡li aŸsm Awbevh©, G‡ì wb‡la K‡i wK jvf| G cÖm‡½ m~iv AvÕiv‡di 164-
165 Avqv‡Z gnvb Avjvn e‡jb:
Ò¯§iY Ki, Zv‡ì GK`j e‡jwQj, Avjvn hv‡ì aŸsm Ki‡eb A_ev K‡Vvi kvw¯— w`‡eb †Zvgiv Zv‡ì‡K m`yc‡`k `vI
†Kb? Zviv e‡jwQj, †Zvgv‡ì cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU `vwqZ¡-gyw³i Rb¨ Ges nqZev Zviv mveavb n‡Z cv‡i| †h Dc‡`k Zv‡ì‡K
†Ìqv n‡qwQj Zviv hLb Zv we¯§„Z n‡jv, ZLb hviv AmrKvh© n‡Z wb‡la KiZ Zv‡ì‡K Avwg i¶v Kwi Ges hviv hyjyg-Ab¨vq KiZ
Zv‡ì‡K Zv‡ì Kzdzixi Kvi‡Y K‡Vvi kvw¯— cÖ`vb Kwi|Ó
GLv‡b Avgiv †`LwQ †h, hviv Ab¨vq †_‡K wb‡la K‡i‡Qb ïay Zv‡ì‡KB Avjvn MRe-kvw¯— †_‡K i¶v K‡i‡Qb| m~iv
gvwq`vi 78-79 Avqv‡Z I m~iv n~`-Gi 116 Avqv‡ZI Abyiƒc K_v ejv n‡q‡Q|
Dc‡ii AvqvZ †_‡K Avgiv ¯úó eyS‡Z cviwQ †h, ÒI‡K ej‡j †Kv‡bv jvf n‡e bvÓ Giƒc aviYv K‡i mrKv‡h© Av‡`k I
AmrKv‡h© wb‡la †_‡K weiZ _vKv Rv‡qh bq| KviY cÖ_gZ, Ô†jvKwU K_v ïb‡e bvÕ GK_v wbwðZ Rvb‡jI Avgv‡K ej‡Z n‡e|
Avgvi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv ejv, Avgv‡K Avgvi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡ZB n‡e| wØZxqZ, Ô†jvKwU K_v ïb‡e bvÕ G K_v Gfv‡e wbwðZ aviYv
KivI wVK bq| KviY, nqZ Avš—wiKvZc~Y© fvj K_vwU Zvi g‡b cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i|
`vÕIqv‡Z Ae‡njvi RvMwZK kvw¯—i wel‡q ivmyjyjvn () e‡j‡Qb,
ÔÔhLb gvby‡liv Ab¨vq †`‡LI Zv cwieZ©b ev ms‡kvab Ki‡e bv ZLb †h †Kv‡bv gyn~‡Z© Avjvni kvw¯— Zv‡ì mevB‡K
MÖvm Ki‡e|ÕÕ (wZiwgRx, Avey `vD`, Be‡b gvRvn, gymbv‡` Avng`| mb` mnxn|)
Ab¨ nv`x‡m ivm~jyj-vn () Gikv` K‡ib,
Contents

5
Ò†Kv‡bv mgv‡Ri g‡a¨ hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ Ae¯’vb K‡i †mLv‡b Ab¨vq-cv‡c wjß _v‡K Ges †m mgv‡Ri gvby‡liv Zvi
ms‡kvab-cwieZ©b Kivi ¶gZv _vKv m‡Ë¡I Zv cwieZ©b bv K‡i, Z‡e Zv‡ì g„Zzï c~‡e©B Avjvni Avhve Zv‡ì‡K MÖvm Ki‡e|Ó
(Avey `vD`| nv`xmwU nvmvb|)
2. 2. 3. †`vqv Keyj bv nIqv
ivm~jyj-vn mvj-vj-vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj-vg e‡j‡Qb:
Òhvi nv‡Z Avgvi Rxeb Zuvi kc_! †Zvgiv Aek¨B Kj¨v‡Yi Av‡`k Ki‡e Ges g›` †_‡K wb‡la Ki‡e, Zv bvn‡j Avjvn
AwP‡iB †Zvgv‡ì mevi Dci Zvui MRe I kvw¯— cvVv‡eb, Zvici †Zvgiv Avjvn‡K WvK‡e, wKš‘ †Zvgv‡ì Wv‡K mvov †Ìqv
n‡e bv ev †Zvgv‡ì †`vqv Keyj Kiv n‡e bv|Ó (wZiwghx| nvmvb)
2. 2. 4. mvgvwRK kvwš—, HK¨ I m¤cÖxwZ bó nIqv
Ab¨ nv`x‡m ivm~jyjvn () e‡j‡Qb: ÒBmivCj mš—vb‡ì (Bû`x RvwZi) g‡a¨ me©cª_g `ye©jZv Avm‡jv Gfv‡e †h, Zv‡ì
mgv‡Ri GKRb AciRb‡K (Ab¨vq Kv‡R RwoZ) †`L‡j ejZ, Avcwb Avjvn‡K fq Ki‚b Ges hv Ki‡Qb Zv cwiZ¨vM Ki‚b,
GKvR Avcbvi Rb¨ •ea¨ bq| Gici ciw`b Zv‡K Ab¨v‡q wjß †`LZ, wKš‘ (Lvivc †jvKwUi) Ab¨vq Zv‡K (mr †jvKwU‡K) Zvi
mv‡_ mvgvwRK m¤cK© ivL‡Z evav w`Z bv| Ab¨v‡q RwoZ _vKv m‡Ë¡I †m Zvi mv‡_ GK‡Î DVvemv, LvIqv-`vÕIqv I mvgvwRKZv
KiZ| hLb Zviv Giƒc Ki‡Z jvMj, ZLb Avjvn Zv‡ì mvgvwRK m¤cªxwZ I HK¨ bó K‡i †`b, Zv‡ì g‡a¨ we‡f`, Kjn I
•ewiZv m„wó K‡i †`b|Ó
GK_v ejvi c‡i ivm~jyjvn () KziAvb Kix‡gi `ywU AvqvZ (m~iv gvwq`vi 78-79 AvqvZ) †ZjvIqvZ K‡ib: ÔÔBmivCj
c om
mš—vb‡ì ga¨ †_‡K hviv Kzdix K‡iwQj Zviv `vD` I gwiqg cyÎ Cmv KZ…©K Awfkß n‡qwQj, GKvi‡Y †h Zviv Aeva¨ n‡qwQj
t .
Ges mxgv j“Nb K‡iwQj| Zv‡ì g‡a¨ msNwUZ Ab¨vq I Mwn©Z KvR †_‡K Zviv G‡K Aci‡K wb‡la KiZ bv| Zv‡ì GB AvPiY
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2. 2. 5 cvc I Awfkvc AR©b
Awfkß K‡iwQ‡jb|Ó (Ave~ `vD` I Ab¨vb¨| mb` †gvUvgywU MÖnY‡hvM¨|)
Av‡`k-wb‡l‡ai `vwq‡Z¡ Ae‡njvKvix wb‡R cvc bv K‡iI A‡bï cv‡ci Kvi‡Y †Mvbvn I jvb‡Zi Askx`vi nb|
ivm~jyj-vn () e‡jb,
ÒAwP‡iB †Zvgv‡ì Dci A‡bK kvmK-cÖkvmK Avm‡e hviv b¨vq I Ab¨vq Dfq cÖKv‡ii KvR Ki‡e| †h e¨w³ Zv‡ì
Ab¨vq‡K N„Yv Ki‡e †m Ab¨v‡qi Aciva †_‡K gy³ n‡e| Avi †h e¨w³ AvcwË Ki‡e †m (Avjvni Amš‘wó †_‡K) wbivcËv
cv‡e| wKš‘ †h G mKj Ab¨vq KvR †g‡b †b‡e ev Zv‡ì AbymiY Ki‡e (†m euvP‡Z cvi‡e bv|)Ó mvnvexMY e‡jb, †n Avjvni
ivm~j, Avgiv wK Zv‡ì wei‚‡× hy× Kie bv? wZwb e‡jb, Òbv, hZ¶Y Zviv mvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e|Ó (gymwjg|)
Ab¨ nv`x‡m ivm~jyj-vn mvj-vj-vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj-vg e‡jb,
ÒhLb c„w_ex‡Z †Kv‡bv cvc msNwUZ nq ZLb cv‡ci wbKU Dcw¯’Z †_‡KI hw` †KD Zv N„Yv K‡i ev AvcwË K‡i Z‡e †m
e¨w³ Abycw¯’Z e¨w³i gZ cvcgy³ _vK‡e| Avi hw` †KD Abycw¯’Z †_‡KI cvcwUi wel‡q mš‘ó _v‡K ev †g‡b †bq Zvn‡j †m
Zv‡Z Dcw¯’Z _vKvi cv‡c cvcx n‡e|Ó (Avey `vD`| mb` MÖnY‡hvM¨|)
Ab¨ nv`x‡m ivm~jyj-vn  e‡jb,
Contents

Ò†hLv‡b †Kv‡bv gvbyl‡K nZ¨v Kiv n‡‛Q †mLv‡b KLbB ùvov‡e bv; KviY †mLv‡b Dcw¯’Z †jv‡Kiv hw` Zvi nZ¨v cÖwZ‡iva
bv K‡i Zvn‡j mK‡ji Dc‡i jvbZ I Awfkvc ewl©Z nq| †hLv‡b †Kv‡bv gvbyl‡K AZ¨vPvi K‡i gviai Kiv n‡‛Q †mLv‡b ùvov‡e
bv| KviY Dcw¯’Z mK‡ji Dc‡iB jvbZ-Awfkvc ewl©Z nq|Ó
(Avng`, Zvevivbx, evBnvKx| evBnvKxi mb`wU nvmvb e‡j BivKx GnBqvD Dj~wgÏx‡bi ZvLix‡R D‡jL K‡i‡Qb|)
Ab¨ nv`x‡m wZwb e‡jb:
Ò†Zvgv‡ì †KD †hb wb‡R‡K †QvU bv K‡i| †m hw` †`‡L †h †Kv_vI †Kv‡bv wel‡q Avjvni c¶ †_‡K Zvi †Kv‡bv K_v
ejv DwPZ ZLb †hb †m K_v ejv †_‡K weiZ bv _v‡K| Zvn‡j Avjvn Zv‡K ej‡eb, Zzwg G wel‡q †Kb K_v ej wb? †m ej‡e,
†n Avjvn, Avwg gvbyl‡ì‡K fq †c‡qwQjvg| ZLb wZwb ej‡eb, Avgvi AwaKviB †Zv †ewk wQj †h, Zzwg Avgv‡KB †ewk fq
Ki‡e|Ó (Avng`| mb` mnxn|)
mgv‡Ri wewfbœ cÖKvk¨ Ab¨vq, Ryjyg, MYwcUzwb, †envqvcbv, Akxj bvPMvb, Ryqv, LybLvivwe, gvivgvwi-`v½v BZ¨vwì bxie
`k©K nIqvi fqven cwiYwZ Avgiv G nv`xm †_‡K eyS‡Z cviwQ| G mKj †¶‡Î mva¨gZ `vIqvZ †Ìqvi I Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZev`
Kivi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e| bv n‡j `ª‚Z Giƒc ¯’vb cwiZ¨vM Ki‡Z n‡e| Avjvn Avgv‡ì‡K Zuvi mš‘wói c‡_ Pjvi I Amš‘wó †_‡K
AvZ¥i¶v Kivi ZvIdxK `vb Ki‚b|
c om
s t .
ht r u
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a s sun
w.
w w
Contents
Z…Zxq cwi‡‛Q`
`vÕIqv‡Zi kZ© I `vÔqxi ¸Yvejx
Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv bmxnZ, cÖPvi, b¨v‡qi Av‡`k I Ab¨v‡qi wb‡la ev GKK_vq Avjvni c‡_ `vÕIqvZ-Gi
¸i‚Z¡ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z †c‡iwQ| GLb Avgv‡ì †`L‡Z n‡e, G `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi Rb¨ kZ©vejx wK? Ô`vqxÕ I ÔgyevwjMÕ A_©vr
Ô`vÕIqvZ `vbKvixÕ I ÔcÖPvi‡KiÕ g‡a¨ wK wK ¸Yvejx we`¨gvb _vKv cÖ‡qvRb? KviY kixqZ m¤§Zfv‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb bv Ki‡j
Avgiv fvj KvR Ki‡Z †h‡q cv‡c wjß n‡q coe|
3. 1. Bjg ev Ávb
`vÕIqv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi Rb¨ cÖ_g kZ© n‡jv, b¨vq, Ab¨vq, †m¸wji ch©vq Ges †m¸wji cÖwZev`-cÖwZKv‡ii Bmjvgx
c×wZ m¤ú‡K© mwVK Ávb| Avwg †h KvR Kivi ev eR©b Kivi `vÕIqvZ w`w‛Q Zv mwZ¨B Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©k wKbv Zv Rvb‡Z n‡e|
fvjg›` A‡bK †¶‡Î mKj gvbylB we‡eK I Ávb w`‡q eyS‡Z cv‡ib| Lyb, Ryjyg, ivnvRvwb, Pzwi, WvKvwZ, gvivgvwi, †bkvKiv,
BZ¨vw` AMwYZ Ab¨vq KvR‡K Ab¨vq e‡j Rvb‡Z †ewk Áv‡bi cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| Abyiƒcfv‡e gvbyl‡K mvnvh¨ Kiv, mvš—bv †Ìqv,
m„wói Kj¨v‡Y GwM‡q Avmv BZ¨vw` fvj KvR e‡j mevB eywS| wKš‘ Bmjvgx Kg©KvÊ ev ag©xq wb‡`©kbv welqK AMwYZ welq
i‡q‡Q †h m¤ú‡K© ¯úó Ávb bv _vK‡j gvbyl Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZev` Ki‡Z wb‡RB Ab¨v‡q wjß n‡eb| A_ev mrKv‡h© Av‡`k `vb
Ki‡Z †h‡q AmrKv‡h© Av‡`k Ki‡eb|
†hgb GKe¨w³ Pzw³e× Kg© Ki‡Qb ev ¯¿x-mš—vb‡ì cÖwZcvj‡bi Rb¨ Ri‚ix Kg© Ki‡Qb| KvRwU Zvi Rb¨ dih& AvBb|
Avcwb Zv‡K GB Ô`ywbqvexÕ KvR eR©b K‡i ÔbdjÕ ev Ôdi&h wKdvqvÕ ch©v‡qi gvnwdj, wgwQj, wgwUs ev `vÕIqv‡Z AskMÖnY Ki‡Z
AvnŸvb Ki‡jb| A_ev GKe¨w³ IR‡ii Kvi‡Y ùvwo‡q †ckve Ki‡Qb †`‡L Avcwb Zv‡K hv‡‛QZvB MvwjMvjvR Ki‡jb| Dfq
†¶‡Î Avcwb b¨vq Ki‡Z †h‡q Ab¨v‡q wjß n‡jb| Giƒc AMwYZ D`vniY Avgiv †`L‡Z cve| GRb¨ ag©xq wewaweavb mswkó
welqvwì †¶‡Î gywg‡bi DwPZ welqwU KZUzKz ¸i‚Z¡c~Y© ev Ab¨vq Zv ¯úófv‡e bv †R‡b nUKvwiZvq wjß bv nIqv|
`vÕIqv‡Zi †¶‡Î ¯úó Áv‡bi AZ¨vek¨KZv wel‡q Avjvn e‡jb:
c o m
s t .Ges Avgvi hviv Abymvix|Ó (m~iv BDm~d
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Òej, GwUB Avgvi c_| ¯úó Áv‡bi wfwË‡Z Avjvni w`‡K AvnŸvb Kwi
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G ¯úó Ávb n‡jv Inxwbf©i Ávb ev KziAvb I nv`x‡mi ¯úó wb‡`©kbv| m~iv Avw¤^qvi 45 Avqv‡Z Avjvn myenvbvû Iqv
ZvÔAvjv e‡jb:
a s s
.
w †Zvgv‡ì‡K fqcÖ`k©b KiwQ|Ó
w
w I Ab¨vb¨ ¯’v‡b GKB K_v ejv n‡q‡Q|
Òej, Avwg †Zv ïay Inxi wfwË‡ZB
m~iv AvnKv‡di 9 Avqv‡Z
GRb¨ `vÕIqv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cvjbKvix‡K KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K ¯úóiƒ‡c Rvb‡Z n‡e, †h KvR Ki‡Z ev eR©b Ki‡Z
wZwb `vÕIqvZ w`‡‛Qb Zvi kiÔqx weavb Kx Ges Zv cvjb ev eR©‡bi `vÕIqv‡Zi Rb¨ ivm~jyjvn () -Gi †kLv‡bv c×wZ Kx|
KvRwU mrKg© n‡j Zv dih, IqvwRe, gymZvnve BZ¨vw` †Kvb& ch©v‡qi Ges AmrKg© n‡j nvivg, gvKiƒn BZ¨vw` †Kvb& ch©v‡qi Zv
¯úó KziAvb I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Rvb‡Z n‡e| Inxi ¯úó wb‡`©kbv e¨ZxZ mvaviY aviYv, Av‡eM Av›`vR BZ¨vwì wfwË‡Z
†Kv‡bv wKQz‡K nvjvj ev nvivg ej‡Z KziAvb Kvix‡g wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| m~iv bvn&j -Gi 116 Avqv‡Z Gikv` Kiv n‡q‡Q,
Ò†Zvgv‡ì wRnŸv Øviv wg_¨v Av‡ivc K‡i (gbMovfv‡e) ej‡e bv †h, GwU nvjvj I GwU nvivg| Gfv‡e Avjvni bv‡g
wg_¨v D™¢veb Kiv n‡e| hviv Avjvni bv‡g wg_¨v D™¢veb K‡i Zviv mdj nq bv|Ó
`vÔqx I gyevwjM‡K Aek¨B me©`v †ewk †ewk KziAvb, nv`xm, Zvdmxi, wdK&n, I Ab¨vb¨ Bmjvgx MÖš’ Aa¨qb Ki‡Z n‡e|
Aviex bv eyS‡j Abyev‡ì mvnvh¨ wb‡Z n‡e| KziAvb-nv`xm ev` w`‡q ïaygvÎ Avwjg‡ì iwPZ MÖš’vw` c‡o `xb‡K Rvbvi †Póv
Kiv KwVb Ab¨vq Ges KziAvb-nv`x‡m cÖwZ Ae‡njv I AeÁv cÖ`k©b| gnvb Avjvn KziAvb‡K mKj gvby‡li †n`v‡qZiƒ‡c †cÖiY
K‡i‡Qb| wZwb Zv eySv mnR K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| ivm~jyjvn () D¤§v‡Zi Rb¨ Zuvi gnvb mybœvZ I nv`xm †i‡L wM‡q‡Qb| G¸wji
mve©¶wYK Aa¨qb gywg‡bi Rb¨ me©‡kªô Bev`Z, †kªôZg whwKi I `vÕIqv‡Zi cÖavb nvwZqvi|
3. 2. mswkó e¨w³i cÖwZ fvjevmv I Avš—wiKZv
Av‡`k-wb‡la, bmxnZ, cÖPvi ev Avjvni c‡_ AvnŸvb Kivi †¶‡Î AZ¨š— cÖ‡qvRbxq welq n‡jv, hv‡K Av‡`k KiwQ, wb‡la
KiwQ ev AvnŸvb KiwQ Zvi cÖwZ ü`‡qi fvjevmv I Avš—wiK g½jKvgbv| GRb¨B `vÕIqv‡Zi G Kg©‡K KziAvb I nv`x‡m ÔbmxnZÕ
e‡j D‡jL Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, bmxn‡Zi g~j A_© Avš—wiK fvjevmv I g½j Kvgbv| Avjvni c‡_ AvnŸvb Kvix ev
Av‡`k-wb‡laKvix Kv‡iv fyj a‡i †Ìqv, wb‡Ri Ávb cÖ`k©b ev wb‡Ri ÔgvZeŸwiÕ cÖwZôvi Rb¨ GB KvR Ki‡eb bv| eis mswkó
Contents

e¨w³i cÖwZ ü`‡qi fvjevmvi Uv‡bB G `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡eb|
Ab¨v‡q wjß ev weåvš— †h e¨w³‡K wZwb `vÕIqvZ w`‡‛Qb Zvi cÖwZ Zvi ü`‡qi AbyfywZ n‡e wec`MÖ¯’ AvcbR‡bi gZ| hvi
wec‡` wZwb e¨v_v Abyfe Ki‡Qb Ges hv‡K wec` †_‡K D×vi Kivi Rb¨ ü`‡qi AvKzwZ Abyfe Ki‡Qb| Zv‡K mwVK c‡_i
wb‡`©kbv w`‡j hw` †m Zv bv gv‡b ev we‡ivwaZv K‡i Z‡e AvnŸvbKvix gywg‡bi ü`‡q †µva ev cÖwZwnsmv RvMÖZ n‡e bv, eis †e`bv
I `ywðš—v Zvi ü`q‡K Av‛Qbœ Ki‡e| †e`bvq Zvi ü`q `yg‡o gyP‡o DV‡e| ivm~jyj-vn ()-Gi G Ae¯’vi K_v Avjvn KziAvb
Kvix‡g GKvwaK ¯’v‡b D‡jL K‡i‡Qb| m~iv Kvn&d-Gi 6 Avqv‡Z e‡j‡Qb,
ÒZviv GB evYx‡Z wek¦vm bv Ki‡j m¤¢eZ Avcwb Zv‡ì wcQ‡b Ny‡i `ytL-‡e`bvq wb‡R‡K aŸsm K‡i †dj‡eb|Ó
m~iv ïÔAviv-Gi 3 Avqv‡ZI Abyiƒc ejv n‡q‡Q|
ivm~jyj-vn ()-Gi cweÎ Rxe‡b GB fvjevmv I †cÖ‡gi AMwYZ D`vniY Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB| †h KvwdiMY Zuvi †`n‡K
i³iwÄZ Ki‡Q Zv‡ìB Rb¨ wZwb Avjvni ìev‡i ¶gv I Ki‚Yv cÖv_©bv Ki‡Qb| wZwb Zuvi Kcv‡ji i³ gyQ‡Qb Ges ej‡Qb,
Ò†n Avgvi cÖwZcvjK, Avgvi RvwZ‡K Avcwb ¶gv K‡i w`b, KviY Zviv Rv‡b bv|Ó (eyLvix, gymwjg, dvZûj evix|)
g°vevmx‡ì AZ¨vPv‡i RR©wiZ ivm~jyj-vn () Zv‡q‡d †h‡q †c‡jb wbg©gZg AZ¨vPvi| †m mg‡q wReivCj (Av) cvnv‡oi
wdwikZv‡K wb‡q Zuvi wbKU AvMgb K‡i e‡jb, Avcbvi AbygwZ n‡j cvnvo DwV‡q G Rbc`‡K aŸsm K‡i †Ìqv n‡e| KwVbZg
K‡ói †m gyû‡Z©I wZwb e‡jb,
Òbv| eis Avwg Avkv Kwi †h, Avjvn nqZ G‡ì Jim †_‡K Ggb gvby‡li Rb¥ †`‡eb hviv GKgvÎ Avjvni Bev`Z
Ki‡e Ges Zuvi mv‡_ wKQz kwiK Ki‡e bv|Ó (eyLvix I gymwjg)
om
myenvbvjvn! KZ eo •ah©! KZ gnvb †cÖg!! Avgiv hviv mvgvb¨ we‡ivwaZvq D‡ËwRZ n‡q MvjvMvwj Kwi I cÖwZ‡kv‡ai
c
cwiKíbvq we‡fvi nB Zv‡ì GKUy wPš—v Kiv ìKvi!
s t .
3. 3. e¨w³MZ Avgj
ht r u
n a
Ô`vÔqx BjvjvnÕ ev Avjvni c‡_ AvnŸvbKvix I Av‡`k-wb‡laKvix Aek¨B Zuvi cÖPvwiZ Av`‡k©i cÖwZ wbôvevb wek¦vmx I
sun
cvjbKvix n‡eb| mviv we‡k¦ whwb Avjvni `xb I ivm~jyj-vn ()-Gi Av`‡k©i weRq I cÖwZôv †`L‡Z Pvb, Zv‡K me© cÖ_‡g Zvi
s
e¨w³Rxe‡bi mKj †¶‡Î I mKj w`‡K G Av`k© cÖwZôv Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡¶‡Î g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, wb‡Ri Rxe‡b Av`k© cÖwZôvi
. a
†P‡q Ab¨‡K `vÕIqvZ †Ìqv A‡bK †ewk mnR I AvKl©Yxq KvR| GRb¨ kqZvb Ges gvbexq cÖe„wËi Kv‡Q Zv LyeB wcÖq| Gi
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kvw¯—I Lye KwVb|
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Bn~`xMY me©`v ag© I gvbeZvi wel‡q me‡P‡q AvKl©Yxq Av`‡k©i eywj AvDovq wKš‘ wb‡Riv Gi m¤ú~Y© wecixZ KvR
K‡i| gnvb Avj-vn m~iv evKvivi 44 Avqv‡Z Gikv` K‡i‡Qb,
Ò†Zvgiv wK gvbyl‡ì‡K mrKv‡h© wb‡`©k `vI Avi wb‡R‡ì K_v fy‡j hvI! A_P †Zvgiv wKZve Aa¨qb Ki! Z‡e wK
†Zvgiv eyS bv|Ó
Øx‡bi `vÕIqvZ I cÖwZôvi Kv‡R wjß A‡b‡KB ey‡S A_ev bv ey‡S G Aciv‡a Acivax| Bmjv‡gi `vÕIqvZ I cÖwZôvi K_v
ej‡jI e¨w³MZ Bev`Z, AvPiY, cvwievwiK m¤úK©, ¯¿x, mš—vb, wcZvgvZv, cÖwZ‡ekx, AvZ¥xq¯^Rb, Kg©¯’j, mnKg©x I Ab¨vb¨
gvby‡li AwaKvi Av`vq BZ¨vw` A‡bK †¶‡Î Avgiv AZ¨š— `ye©j| Gw`‡K Avgv‡ì j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e| `y ch©v‡q Avgiv G Aciv‡a
wjß nB:
cÖ_gZ, †h Kv‡h©i Rb¨ Av‡`k ev wb‡la KiwQ Zv Avgiv wb‡RivB cvjb ev eR©b KiwQ bv| †hgb Avgiv cÖwZ‡ekxi
AwaKvi cvjb A_ev my` eR©‡bi `vÕIqvZ w`w‛Q, wKš‘ wb‡RivB cÖwZ‡ekxi AwaKvi bó KiwQ ev my‡` wjß i‡qwQ|
wØZxqZ, Avgiv mswkó wel‡q Acivax bv n‡jI, Ab¨vb¨ mgch©v‡qi Aciv‡a wjß i‡qwQ| †hgb Avgiv my` Lvw‛Q bv, Z‡e
Nyl, †h․ZzK, K‡g© duvwK, †fRvj BZ¨vw` Aciv‡a wjß AvwQ|
m~iv mvd&d-Gi 2-3 Avqv‡Z gnvb Avjvn e‡jb:
Ò†n gywgbMY, †Zvgiv hv Ki bv Zv †Zvgiv †Kb ej? Avjvni `„wó‡Z AwZkq Am‡š—vlRbK †h, †Zvgiv hv Ki bv Zv
ej‡e|Ó
m~iv evKvivn-Gi 204 AvqvZ I m~iv gybvwdK‚b-Gi 4 Avqv‡ZI Avgiv K_v I K‡g©i •ecix‡Zï KwVb wb›`v †`L‡Z
cvB|
ivm~jyjvn mvjvjvû AvjvBwn Iqv mvjvg e‡jb,
Contents
Ò†Kqvg‡Zi w`b GK e¨w³‡K Avbqb K‡i Rvnvbœv‡gi AwMœi g‡a¨ wb‡¶c Kiv n‡e| Av¸‡b Zvi bvwofywo †ewi‡q co‡e Ges
Mvav †hgb hvZv (Nvwb) wb‡q Ny‡i †Zgwb †m Nyi‡Z _vK‡e| ZLb Rvnvbœvgevmxiv Zvi wbKU mg‡eZ n‡q ej‡e, †n AgyK, †Zvgvi wK
nj? Zzwg bv Avgv‡ì‡K mrKv‡h© Av‡`k w`‡Z Ges AmrKvh© †_‡K wb‡la Ki‡Z? †m ej‡e, Avwg †Zvgv‡ì‡K mrKv‡h© Av‡`k w`Zvg
wKš‘ wb‡R KiZvg bv| Avi Avwg †Zvgv‡ì‡K AmrKvh© †_‡K wb‡la KiZvg, wKš‘ wb‡RB Zv KiZvg|Ó (eyLvix)
Avgiv gnvb Avj-vni wbKU Giƒc Ki‚Y cwiYwZ †_‡K Avkªq PvB|
3. 3. 1. e¨w³MZ Avg‡j Î‚wU mn `vÕIqv‡Zi weavb
Dc‡ii AvqvZ I nv`xm †_‡K eyS‡Z cviwQ †h, wb‡R cvjb bv K‡i Ab¨‡K `vÕIqvZ †Ìqv Ab¨vq| Z‡e `vÕIqvZ ev
Av‡`k-wb‡la dih AvBb ch©v‡qi n‡j wb‡Ri Avg‡j Î‚wU _vK‡jI Av‡`k wb‡la Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb GKe¨w³ aygcvb K‡ib ev
wVKgZ Rvgv‡Z bvgvR c‡ob bv| wZwb Zvi Aaxb¯’ ev cwiev‡ii m`m¨ KvD‡K G cv‡c wjß †`L‡j Zvi Rb¨ Zv‡K Av‡`k ev
wb‡la Kiv dih-AvBb `vwqZ¡ n‡q hv‡e| G Ae¯’vq Av‡`k-wb‡la bv Ki‡j wZwb wØZxq GKwU Ab¨vq I Aciv‡ai g‡a¨ cwZZ
n‡eb|
3. 4. webgªZv I eÜzfvcvbœZv
`vÕIqv‡Zi †¶‡Î Ab¨Zg †g․wjK kZ© n‡jv webgªZv I eÜzfvevcbœZv| Avgiv A‡bK mgq mrKv‡h© Av‡`k ev Ab¨vq †_‡K
wb‡la Kiv‡K e¨w³MZ Ans cÖwZôvi ch©v‡q wb‡q hvq| d‡j Avgiv K_v ewj ÔgvZeŸwiÕ fw½‡Z hv AwaKvsk †¶‡Î gvby‡li Ans‡ev‡a
AvNvZ K‡i Ges Avgv‡ì K_v MÖnY Ki‡Z evav †`q| Gici hLb †m Zv MÖnY bv K‡i ev Avgv‡ì wei‚‡× Lvivc K_v e‡j ZLb
Avgiv Zv‡K ÔBmjv‡gi kÎ‚Õ AvL¨vwqZ K‡i KwVbfv‡e Zvi wei‚‡× Av‡µvkg~jK K_v ewj| G¸wj meB KwVb Ab¨vq Ges Avjvni c_
c om
†_‡K gvbyl‡K `~‡i mvwi‡q †Ìqvi c_| Avgiv A‡bK mgq ÔMigÕ K_v ev ÔKovÕ K_v ejv‡K mvnwmKZv I ÔwRnv`Õ e‡j g‡b Kwi|
.
A_P Avjvn KziAvb Kvix‡g ÔbigÕ K_v ej‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb|
s t
Avjvn Ôn°Õ K_v ej‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb wKš— ÔMigÕ K_v ej‡Z KL‡bv wb‡`©k †`bwb| n° K_v‡K big K‡i ej‡Z wb‡`©k
u
t r
w`‡q‡Qb| we‡k¦i Ab¨Zg ZvM~Z †Lv`v‡`ªvnx Rvwjg wdivD‡bi Kv‡Q g~mv I nviƒb (Av) †K †cÖiY K‡i wZwb big K_vi wb‡`©k
h
w`‡q e‡jb:
n n a
Ò‡Zvgi Df‡q wdivD‡bi wbKU Mgb Ki, s †m u
†m Dc‡`k MÖnY Ki‡e ev fq Ki‡e|Ó (m~.ia s 43-44 AvqvZ)
Aeva¨Zv I mxgvjsNb K‡i‡Q| †Zvgiv Zvi mv‡_ big K_v ej‡e, nq‡Zv
w w†Ìqvi ev Av‡`k-wb‡l‡ai †¶‡Î bex-ivm~jM‡Yi cÖwZ wb‡`©k, Zvn‡j hviv Kvwjgv

v Zvnv
w g‡b Ki‡Qb Zv‡ì‡K Av‡`k wb‡la Kivi †¶‡Î Avgv‡ì Av‡iv KZ webgª I eÜzfvevcbœ nIqv
G hw` nq Kvwdi‡K `vÕIqvZ
c‡o‡Qb, gymwjg e‡j wb‡R‡K
DwPZ Zv GKUz wPš—v Ki‚b|
m~iv AvbÔAv‡gi 108 Avqv‡Z Avjvn e‡jb:
ÒZviv Avjvn‡K †Q‡o hv‡ì Wv‡K Zv‡ì‡K †Zvgiv Mvwj w`‡e bv; KviY d‡j Zviv mxgvj“Nb K‡i AÁZvekZ Avjvn‡K
Mvwj w`‡e|Ó
G hw` nq Kvwdi‡ì †è‡èxi †¶‡Î Avjvni wb‡`©k, Zvn‡j Kvwjgv cvVKvix gymwjg e‡j cwiwPZ e¨w³‡K Av‡`k wb‡la
Ki‡Z †h‡q Zv‡K, Zvi åvš— ev RvMwZK g‡Zi †bZv ev mv_x‡ì‡K Mvwj †Ìqv wKfv‡e •ea n‡e? MvjvMvwj, K‡VviZv, wnsmv, N„Yv,
MxeZ, AnsKvi BZ¨vw` Øviv Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZev` Ki‡j Zv‡Z g~jZ wb‡R‡ì cÖe„wËi AbymiY Kiv n‡e, †Kv‡bv Bev`Z cvjb Kiv n‡e
bv| Avjvn Avgv‡ì‡K i¶v Ki‚b|
m¤§vwbZ cvVK, `vÕIqvZ ev mrKv‡Ri wb‡`©kbv I AmrKv‡Ri wb‡la-Gi D‡Ïk¨ gvby‡li Dc‡i gvZeŸwi Kiv ev gvby‡li
fyj aiv bq| eis gvbyl‡ì‡K mrc‡_ AvnŸvb Kiv Ges h_vm¤¢e gvbyl‡K fvj c‡_ Avm‡Z mvnvh¨ Kiv| GRb¨ m‡e©v‛P webgªZv,
f`ªZv I •ah© cÖ‡qvRb| me‡P‡q eo Ô`vÔqxÕ I Av‡`k-wb‡laKvix wQ‡jb ivm~jyj-vn ()| Avi Zuvi Ab¨Zg •ewkó¨ wQj webgªZv|
webgªZv I •a‡h©i Abycg Av`k© w`‡q wZwb Rq K‡iwQ‡jb AMwYZ †e`yCb Avi‡ei KwVb ü`q| A¯¿ ev kw³ w`‡q wZwb Bmjvg
cÖwZôv K‡ib wb| Abycg PwiÎ I fvjevmvgq Av‡`k-wb‡la ev `vÕIqvZ w`‡q ü`q¸wj‡K Rq K‡i wZwb cÖwZôv K‡ib g`xbvi
ivóª| Gici †m iv‡óªi cÖwZi¶v K‡i‡Qb hy‡×i gva¨‡g| gnvb Avj-vn m~iv Avj-Bgiv‡bi 159 Avqv‡Z ü`q R‡qi G Kvwnbx
we×„Z K‡i e‡j‡Qb,
ÒAvjvni `qvi Ab¨Zg cÖKvk †h Avcwb Zv‡ì cÖwZ webgª †Kvgj-ü`q wQ‡jb| hw` Avcwb iƒp I K‡Vvi wPË n‡Zb
Zvn‡j Zviv Avcbvi Avkcvk †_‡K m‡i coZ|Ó
Contents

GKwU nv`x‡m Av‡qkv (iv) e‡jb,

KwZcq Bn~`x bex ()-Gi wbKU AvMgb K‡i e‡j, Avm-mvgy AvjvBKzg (Avcbvi Dci giY-Awfkvc)| Av‡qkv ivMwš^Z
n‡q e‡jb, †Zvgv‡ì Dci giY, †Zvgv‡ì‡K Avjvn Awfkß Ki‚b Ges †Zvgv‡ì Dci Zvi †µva AeZxY© †nvK| ZLb ivmyjyjvn
() e‡jb, ÒAv‡qkv, kvš— nI| Zzwg Aek¨B me©`v webgªZv I eÜzfvevcbœZv Aej¤^b Ki‡e| Avjvn mKj wel‡q webgªZv I
eÜzfvevcbœZv fvjev‡mb| Avi Lei`vi! KLbB Zzwg DMÖZv I Af`ªZvi wbKUeZ©x n‡e bv|Ó Av‡qkv e‡jb, ÒZviv Kx e‡j‡Q Avcwb
wK Zv ï‡bb wb?Ó wZwb e‡jb, ÒAvwg Kx e‡jwQ Zv wK Zzwg †kvb wb? Avwg e‡jwQ, ÔIqvjvBKzgÕ A_©vr †Zvgv‡ì Dc‡i|Ó (eyLvix,
gymwjg)
3. 5. DËg w`‡q g›` cÖwZnZ Kiv
`vÕIqvZ ev `xb cÖwZôvi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi †¶‡Î •ah©, ¶gv I DËg eënv‡ii Øviv Lvivc AvPi‡Yi cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z wb‡`©k
w`‡q‡Qb Avjvn| m~iv nv gxg mvR`v (dym&wmjvZ) Gi 33-35 Avqv‡Z Avjvn e‡jb:
ÒK_vq †K DËg H e¨w³ A‡c¶v †h Avjvni w`‡K AvnŸvb K‡i, mrKg© K‡i Ges e‡j, Avwg AvZ¥mgc©bKvix‡ì Aš—
f©y³| fvj Ges g›` mgvb n‡Z cv‡i bv| (g›`) cÖwZnZ Ki DrK…óZi (AvPiY) Øviv; d‡j †Zvgvi mv‡_ hvi kÎ‚Zv Av‡Q †m
n‡q hv‡e Aš—i½ eÜzi gZ| G ¸‡Yi AwaKvix Kiv nq †Kej Zv‡ì‡KB hviv ‣ah©kxj, G ¸‡Yi AwaKvix Kiv nq †Kej
m
Zv‡ì‡KB hviv gnv †m․fvMëvb|Ó
m~iv gywgb~b-Gi 96 Avqv‡Z gnvb Avjvn e‡j‡Qb:
t . c o
r
Òg‡›ì gyKvwejv Ki hv DrK…óZi Zv w`‡q, Zviv hv e‡j Avwg †m tm¤ú‡K©u s
n
welqwU AZ¨š— ¸i‚‡Z¡i mv‡_ g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e| `vÕIqv‡Zi a h Mvwji cÖwZev‡` Mvwj, wb›`vi cÖwZev‡` wb›`v, iv‡Mi
†¶‡Î
we‡kl AewnZ|Ó
u
wb‡`©‡ki wecixZ Kg© Kwi| †KD cÖwZev` Ki‡j evsLvivc
cÖwZev‡` ivM BZ¨vw` wbwl×| Gme Ôg›`Õ AvPi‡Yi cÖwZ‡ivanAvPiYKi‡ZKi‡jn‡e Avgiv
DrK…óZi AvPiY w`‡q| A_P Avgiv A‡bK mgq GB
Zvi ÔcÖwZev`Õ! ev ÔcÖwZ‡ivaÕ!! Kwi| .a s Zvi AvPi‡Yi †P‡q ÔwbK…óZi AvPi‡YiÕ gva¨‡g
w w
3. 6. my›ì eënvi I
w I AmrKv‡h© wb‡laKvix‡K Aek¨B Zuvi †bZv ivm~jyj-vni () gZ g‡nvËg AvPi‡Yi AwaKvix
`vqx ev mrKv‡h© Av‡`k
AvPiY
n‡Z n‡e| Aviex‡Z G‡K LyjyK (‫ )خلق‬ev AvLjvK ejv nq| evsjvq mvaviYZ G‡K ÔPwiÎÕ ejv nq| Z‡e PwiÎ ej‡Z evsjvq
mvaviYZ gvby‡li •bwZK cweÎZv eySv‡bv nq| Avi Aviex‡Z ÔAvLjvKÕ kã Av‡iv cÖk¯—| gvby‡li mv‡_ gvby‡li AvPiY I
eënv‡ii mvgwMÖK Ae¯’v‡KB Aviex‡Z ÔLyjyKÕ ejv nq| GRb¨ LyjyK ev AvLjvK-‡K evsjvq ÔAvPiYÕ ev ÔeënviÕ ejvB DËg|
gnvb Avj-vn m~iv Kvjvg-Gi 4 Avqv‡Z Gikv` K‡i‡Qb,
ÒAvi wbðq Avcwb gnvb AvPiY I eënv‡ii Dc‡i AwawôZ|Ó

G gnvb AvPi‡Yi wewfbœ w`K i‡q‡Q| Dc‡i DwjwLZ webgªZv, eÜzfvevcbœZv, DrK…ó w`‡q g›` cÖwZnZ Kiv BZ¨vwÌ GB
ÔLyjy‡K AvhxgÕ ev Ôgnvb AvPibÕ-Gi Ask| Z‡e Gi Av‡iv wewfbœ w`K i‡q‡Q hv Ô`vÔqx BjvjvnÕ-‡K AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e| ïay
`vÕIqv‡Zi †¶‡ÎB bq, Rxe‡bi cÖwZwU †¶‡Î G eënvi ev AvPiY Avjvni c‡_ AvnŸvbKvixi Rxeb‡K Av‡jvwKZ Ki‡e Ges
Zvi Pvwiav‡i dz‡ji †m․if Qov‡e|
gnvbex ()-Gi gnvb AvPi‡Yi wewfbœ w`K we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z c„_K MÖš’ cÖ‡qvRb| GLv‡b K‡qKwU w`K D‡jL
Kiv hvq :
1. me©ve¯’vq Akxj K_v, Akvjxb K_v, MvwjMvjvR I KUzw³ eR©b Kiv| wewfbœ nv`x‡m evisevi ejv n‡q‡Q,

Òivm~jyj-vn () Akvjxb, Akxj, A‡kvfbxq K_v ej‡Zb bv, Mvwj w`‡Zb bv, KUzw³ Ki‡Zb bv|Ó (eyLvix, gymwjg I
Ab¨vb¨)
2. †ewk K_v ejv, `¤¢f‡i ev wPwe‡q K_v ejv, An¼vi Kiv, weZK© Kiv, wg_¨v K_v ejv BZ¨vw` cwinvi Kiv| ivm~jyj-vn
 e‡j‡Qb,
Contents
Ò†Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ Avgvi me‡P‡q wcÖq Ges †Kqvg‡Zi w`b Avgvi me‡P‡q wbKUeZ©x Ae¯’v‡bi AwaKvix n‡e Zviv hviv
†Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ me‡Pq DËg AvPi‡Yi AwaKvix| Avi †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ Avgvi wbKU me‡P‡q †ewk N„wYZ Ges †Kqvg‡Zi w`b
Avgvi †_‡K me‡P‡q `~‡i Ae¯’vb Ki‡e Zviv hviv †ewk K_v e‡j, hviv K_v e‡j wR‡Z †h‡Z Pvq, ev‡R K_v e‡j Ges hviv
An¼vi K‡i|Ó (wZiwghx| nv`xmwU nvmvb|)
Ab¨ nv`x‡m ivm~jyj-vn () e‡j‡Qb,
Òwb‡Ri gZwU n° nIqv m‡Ë¡I †h e¨w³ weZK© cwiZ¨vM Kij Avwg Zvi Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Zi cv`‡`‡k GKwU evwoi wh¤§v`vix
MÖnY Kijvg| Avi †h e¨w³ nvwm-gkKivi RbÏ wg_¨v e‡j bv Avwg Zvi Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Zi gaëZ©x ¯’v‡b GKwU evwoi wh¤§v`vix
MÖnY Kijvg| Avi hvi AvPiY-eënvi my›ì Avwg Zvi Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Zi m‡e©v‛P ¯’v‡b GKwU evwoi wh¤§v`vwi MÖnY Kijvg|Ó (Avey
`vD`| nvmvb| mnxûj Rvwg|)
3. mK‡ji mv‡_ Avbw›`Z wP‡Ë nvwmgy‡L K_v ejv Ges K_vi mgq cwic~Y© g‡bv‡hvM I AvMÖn mnKv‡i Zvi K_v †kvbv|
†hb Zvi cÖwZ fvjevmv I Avš—wiKZv c~Y©fv‡e dz‡U D‡V| Avgi Bebyj Avm (iv) e‡jb,

Òivm~jyj-vn () mgv‡Ri wbK…óZg e¨w³i mv‡_I cwic~Y© g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q Zvi w`‡K c~Y© gyL wdwi‡q K_v ej‡Zb| Gfv‡e
m
wZwb Zvi ü`q Rq K‡i wb‡Zb| wZwb Avgvi mv‡_I K_v ej‡Zb c~Y© g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q Ges Avgvi w`‡K cyY©iƒ‡c gyL wdwi‡q|
GgbwK Avgvi g‡b n‡Zv AvwgB mgv‡Ri †kªô gvbyl|Ó (Zvevivbx| nvmvb|)
t . c o
bv|
t r s
GLv‡b D‡jL¨ †h, gvby‡li cÖwZ AK…wÎg fvjevmv, kª×v‡eva Ges An¼vinxb ü`q bv n‡j G¸Y cy‡ivcywi AR©b Kiv hvq
u
n a h
DËg AvPiY ïay `vÕIqv‡Zi mdjZvi PvweKvwVB bq, Dciš‘ Av‡Liv‡Zi mdjZvi m‡e©vËg Dcvq| ivm~jyj-vn ()
sun
e‡j‡Qb,
. a s
DËgw
ÒwKqvg‡Zi `vwocvjvq w
w ` I bdj †ivhv cvjbKvix gh©v`v AR©b Ki‡e|Ó (wZiwghx, Avng`, Ave~ `vD`| mnxn| mnxûj
e¨w³ G AvPi‡Yi ØvivB Zvnv¾y
AvPi‡Yi †P‡q †ewk fvwi †Kv‡bv Avgj Avi ivLv n‡e bv| Avi DËg AvPi‡Yi AwaKvix
Rvwg|)
3. 7. mei ev •ah©
Dch©y³ ¸Y¸wj AR©b Ki‡Z •a‡h©i Abykxjb Ki‡Z n‡e| c~‡e©vwjwLZ GKwU Avqv‡Z Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, ÔDrK…ó w`‡q g›`
cÖwZnZÕ Kivi ¸Y ïay •ahkxjMYB AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡ib Ges ZvivB gnv †m․fvMëvb| `vIqvZ I •ah© Awe‡‛Q`¨fv‡e RwoZ| m~iv
jyKgv‡bi 17 Avqv‡Z Avjvn e‡jb:
ÒmvjvZ Kv‡qg Ki, mrKv‡h© Av‡`k Ki, AmrKv‡h© wb‡la Ki Ges †Zvgvi Dci hv wbcwZZ nq Zv‡Z •ah© aviY Ki|
wbðq G¸wjB `„pmsK‡íi KvR|Ó
m~iv Avj-Bgiv‡bi 186 Avqv‡Z Ges m~iv Avj-Avm‡iI Abyiƒc wb‡`©k †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| ‣a‡h©i g~j cwiPq n‡jv iv‡Mi mgq|
Avjvni c‡_ WvK‡Z ev fvj Kv‡Ri Av‡`k I Lvivc Kv‡Ri wb‡la Ki‡Z †M‡jB A‡bK gvby‡li wbKU †_‡K weiƒc K_v, MvwjMvjvR,
wb›`v BZ¨vw` ïb‡Z n‡e Ges G‡Z KL‡bv cÖPÊ ivM n‡e Ges KL‡bv gb `ytLfvivµvš— n‡e| Dfq †¶‡ÎB Avgv‡ì‡K •a‡h©i gva¨‡g
Gi gyKvwejv Ki‡Z n‡e Ges DrK…ó w`‡q g›` cÖwZnZ Ki‡Z n‡e| KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi gywgb‡ì‡K ‣ah© Aej¤^b Ki‡Z wb‡`©k
†Ìqv n‡q‡Q| †µv‡ai mgq •ah© aviY Kiv Ges †µva m¤îY Kiv‡K gywgb‡ì †g․wjK cwiPq e‡j D‡jL Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avjvni c‡_
wU‡K _vKvi Rb¨ •ah© I mvjv‡Zi mvnvh¨ MÖnY Ki‡Z wb‡`©k †Ìqv n‡q‡Q|
Kvwdi‡ì wb›`vg›`, wg_¨v-Acev`, weiƒc K_v I loh‡š¿i gyKvwejvq ivm~jyjvn ()-†K •ah© avi‡Yi wb‡`©k w`‡q m~iv
bvn&j-Gi 127-128 Avqv‡Z gnvb Avjvn e‡jb:
Ò•ah© aviY Ki, Avi †Zvgvi ‣ah© †Zv Avjvni mvnvh¨ Qvov n‡e bv| Avi Zv‡ì ì‚b `ytL Ki‡e bv Ges Zv‡ì loh‡š¿
Contents
gbt¶zbœ n‡e bv| Avjvn Zv‡ì m‡½ Av‡Qb hviv ZvK&Iqv Aej¤^b K‡ib Ges hviv mrKg©civqY|Ó
3. 8. mvjvZ, Zvmexn I Bev`Z
‣ah© AR©‡bi AZ¨š— eo Aej¤^b n‡jv mvjvZ ev bvgvh I †`vqv| KziAvb Kvix‡g GKvwaK ¯’v‡b •ah© I mvjv‡Zi gva¨‡g
kw³ AR©‡bi wb‡`©k †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| m~iv wnRi-Gi 87-99 Avqv‡Z Avjvn e‡jb,
ÒAvwg †Zv Rvwb, Zviv hv e‡j Zv‡Z †Zvgvi Aš—i msKzwPZ nq| myZivs †Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki Zvmexn-Zvngx` ev
cÖksmvgq cweÎZv I gwngv †NvlYv Ki Ges mvR`vKvix‡ì Aš—f©y³ nI Ges †Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki Bev`Z Ki| Gfv‡eB †Zvgvi
GKxb G‡m hv‡e|Ó
Avjvni c‡_ WvK‡Z †M‡j ev mrKv‡h© Av‡`k I AmrKv‡h© wb‡la Ki‡Z †M‡j gvby‡li we‡ivwaZv, kÎ‚Zv I wb›`vi Kvi‡Y
KL‡bv †µv‡a KL‡bv †e`bvq Aš—i m¼xY© n‡q hvq| G g‡bvKó `~i Kivi I cÖK…Z •ah© I gvbwmK w¯’wZ AR©b Kivi Dcvq n‡jv
†ewk †ewk Avjvni whK&i, Zvmexn, Zvngx` I mvjvZ Av`vq Kiv| mvR`vq †h‡q Avjvni ìev‡i µ›`b I cÖv_©bv Kiv| Gfv‡eB
Avgiv Ôg›`‡K DrK…ó w`‡q cÖwZnZÕ Kivi cÖK…Z ¸Y AR©b Ki‡Z cvie| Avgiv (Re-active) bv n‡q (Pro-active) n‡Z
cvie| Kv‡iv AvPi‡Yi cÖwZwµqv Avgv‡ì AvPiY‡K cÖfvweZ Ki‡e bv| Avjvni †ihvg›`xi w`‡K j¶¨ †i‡L Avgiv AvPiY
Ki‡Z cvie| Avgiv mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© gnv-†m․fvMëvb‡ì Aš—f©y³ n‡Z cvie| Avjvn Avgv‡ì‡K Keyj Ki‚b|
c om
s t .
ht r u
n a
a s sun
w.
w w
Contents
PZz_© cwi‡‛Q`
`vÕIqv‡Zi †¶‡Î fyjåvwš—
4. 1. wewfbœ ARynv‡Z G `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b Ae‡njv Kiv
A‡bK mgq Avgiv wewfbœ ARynv‡Z `vÕIqv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b Ae‡njv K‡i _vwK| KL‡bv g‡b Kwi, e‡j Avi wK n‡e,
Iiv †Zv ïb‡e bv| KL‡bv fvwe, Av‡Lix hvgvbv, GLb Avi e‡j jvf †bB| GmKj wPš—v kqZvbx IqvmIqvm Qvov wKQzB bq|
Dc‡ii AvqvZ I nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K Avgiv †`L‡Z †c‡qwQ †h, Òej‡j ïb‡e bvÓ G Kvi‡Y ejv †_‡K weiZ _vKv Rv‡qh bq|
gywg‡bi `vwqZ¡ ïbv‡bv bq, gywg‡bi `vwqZ¡ ejv|
Dc‡ii AvqvZ I nv`xmmg~‡ni wb‡`©kbv wKqvgZ ch©š— mKj gywg‡bi Rb¨ mgvbfv‡e cÖ‡hvR¨| †Kvb& hyM me©‡kl Zv Avjvn
Qvov †KD Rv‡bb bv| n° I evwZ‡ji msNvZ wKqvgZ ch©š—B Pj‡e| evwZ‡ji cÖvavb¨ †`‡L wePwjZ n‡q evwj‡Z gyL †MuvRvi AbygwZ
gywgb‡K †Ìqv nqwb| wbw`©ó †Kv‡bv mg‡q Av‡`k-wb‡la I `vÕIqv‡Zi GB `vwqZ¡ iwnZ n‡e e‡j Rvbv‡bv nqwb| mKj hy‡MB mva¨gZ
ms‡kvab I cwieZ©‡bi †Póv gywg‡bi Dci Awc©Z `vwqZ¡|
ïay GKwU †¶‡Î gywg‡bi Rb¨ Av‡`k, wb‡la ev `vÕIqv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cvjb dih n‡e bv e‡j AvwjgMY D‡jL K‡i‡Qb| Zv n‡jv,
wbwðZ ¶wZ ev Ryjy‡gi fq| m~iv evKvivn-Gi 195 Avqv‡Z Gikv` Kiv n‡q‡Q,
ÒGes †Zvgiv Avjvni c‡_ e¨q Ki Ges †Zvgiv wb‡Ri nv‡Z wb‡R‡ì‡K aŸs‡mi g‡a¨ wb‡¶c K‡iv bv|Ó
ivm~jyj-vn mvj-vj-vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj-vg e‡j‡Qb,
m
Ògywg‡bi DwPZ bq wb‡R‡K AcgvwbZ Kiv|Ó mvnvexMY e‡jb, wKfv‡e †m wb‡R‡K AcgvwbZ Ki‡e? wZwb e‡jb,
. c o
Òwb‡R‡K Ggb wec`vc‡ì gy‡L †dj‡e hv mn¨ Kivi ¶gZv Zvi †bB|Ó (wZiwghx, Beby gvRvn, Avey Bqvjv, Zvevivbx| mnxn |
t
gvRgvDh hvIqvB` 7/272-275)
t r us
h
Ab¨ nv`x‡m ivm~jyj-vn mvj-vj-vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj-vg e‡jb,
n a
a s sun
.
w wb‡la Ki‡Z _vK| Ae‡k‡l hLb †`L‡e †h, me©Î gvbyl RvMwZK †jvfjvjmvi `vm n‡q
w
Ò†Zvgiv b¨v‡qi Av‡`k I Ab¨v‡qi
e‡j wek¦vm Ki‡Q, ZLb Zzww

wM‡q‡Q, cÖ‡Z¨‡KB wbR cÖe„wËi gwh© gvwdK Pj‡Q, `ywbqvex ¯^v_© me©Î cÖvavb¨ †Ìqv n‡‛Q Ges cÖ‡Z¨‡KB Zvi wb‡Ri gZ‡K m‡e©vËg
g wb‡Ri e¨w³MZ `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b e¨¯— n‡e Ges mvaviY gvby‡li welq †Q‡o †`‡e| KviY †Zvgv‡ì mvg‡b
i‡q‡Q Ggb KwVb mgq, hLb •ah© aviY KivI Av¸‡bi A½vi gywV K‡i aivi gZ Kó`vqK n‡e| †m mg‡q hviv Kg© Ki‡e Zviv
†Zvgv‡ì gZ hviv Kg© K‡i Zv‡ì 50 R‡bi mgvb cyi¯‥vi jvf Ki‡e|Ó mvnvexMY e‡jb, ÒAvgv‡ì ga¨Kvi 50 R‡bi mvIqve bv
Zv‡ì ga¨Kvi?Ó wZwb e‡jb, Òbv, eis †Zvgv‡ì ga¨Kvi 50 R‡bi mgcwigvY mvIqve|Ó (wZiwghx, Avey `vD`, Beby gvRvn, Beby
wneŸvb, nvwKg| mnxn|)
Dc‡ii AvqvZ I nv`xm¸wji Av‡jv‡K AvwjgMY D‡jL K‡i‡Qb †h, gywgb hw` wbwðZfv‡e eyS‡Z cv‡ib †h, Av‡`k,
wb‡la ev `vÕIqv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z †M‡j Ryjyg ev Acgv‡bi wkKvi n‡Z n‡e, A_ev M„nhy×, ci¯úi nvbvnvwb I Pig
wek„“Lj cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Zvi K_v cwiw¯’wZi Av‡iv AebwZ NUv‡e, Z‡e wZwb Zv cwiZ¨vM Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
G‡¶‡Î PvwiwU welq j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e :
cÖ_gZ, Dc‡ii nv`x‡m Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, gvby‡li f‡q n° K_v ejv cwiZ¨vM Ki‡j Avjvni wbKU Revew`wn Ki‡Z
n‡e| GRb¨ mvgvb¨ fq ev AwbwðZ Avk¼vi Kvi‡Y G `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b Ae‡njv Kiv wVK bq|
wØZxqZ, hw` gywgb ¶wZ ev Acgvb m¤ú‡K© wbwðZ nb Zvn‡j Zv‡K Aek¨B †m¯’vb cwiZ¨vM Kiv DwPZ| Avgiv Dc‡i
K‡qKwU nv`x‡m †`‡LwQ †h, †hLv‡b Ab¨vq msNwUZ nq †mLv‡b evav †Ìqvi ¶gZv bv _vK‡j gywg‡bi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv Awej‡¤^
†m¯’vb cwiZ¨vM Kiv, bB‡j Zv‡KI Awfkvc I Mh‡ei Aš—f©y³ n‡Z n‡e|
Z…ZxqZ, m¤¢e n‡j, wek„“Lj cwiw¯’wZ I mgm¨vi g‡aÏ mva¨gZ G `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e| KviY G cwiw¯’wZ‡Z
gywg‡bi cyi¯‥vi e„w× cv‡e| wek„“Lj KwVb mvgvwRK cwiw¯’wZ‡Z fxwZ I ¶wZi g‡aÏ hviv •ah© aviY K‡i mvnvex‡ì gZ
`vÕIqvZ I Av‡`k-wb‡l‡ai KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡eb Zuv‡ì GKRb 50 Rb mvnvexi mgvb mvIqve I cyi¯‥vi cv‡eb|
PZz_Z
© , me©ve¯’vq Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZ N„Yv I Ab¨vq Acmvi‡Yi Rb¨ ü`‡qi AvKzwZ gywg‡bi Rb¨ Ôdih AvBbÕ| Ab¨vq‡K †g‡b
†bIqv, ÔGgb †Zv n‡ZB cv‡iÔ ev ÔI‡ì KvR Iiv Ki‡Q Avwg wK KieÕ BZ¨vw` wPš—v K‡i wbwe©Kvi _vKv ev Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZ
g‡bvKó Abyfe bv Kiv Cgvb nviv‡bvi j¶Y| Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji () wk¶vi Aegvbbv †h gywgb‡K cxov bv †`q Zvi
Cgv‡bi `vex Amvi|
Contents
4. 2. K‡VviZv, DMÖZv ev mxgvj“Nb
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, `vÕIqvZ ev `xb cÖwZôvi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi †¶‡Î K‡VviZv ev DMÖZv wbwl×| gnvb cÖfy whwb gywg‡bi Dci
`vÕIqv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ Ac©b K‡i‡Qb, wZwbB Zv‡K G‡¶‡Î bgªZvi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| bvgv‡hi Rb¨ wZwb cweÎZvi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| Kv‡RB
cweÎZv Qvov bvgvh Av`vq Ki‡j Zv‡Z Avjvni Bev`Z n‡e bv, gbMov KvR Kiv n‡e| †Zgwb `vÕIqv‡Zi †¶‡Î bgªZv I ÔDrK…ó
w`‡q g›` cÖwZnZÕ bv Ki‡j Avjvni Bev`Z Kiv n‡e bv, eis cÖe„wËi AbymiY Kiv n‡e| Pig D¯‥vwbi gy‡LI gyvwgb‡K ‣ah© aviY
Ki‡Z n‡e Ges ÔDrK…ó w`‡q g›` cÖwZnZÕ Ki‡Z n‡e| hw` †KD wb‡Ri cÖe„wËi Zvobvq ivMvivwM, K‡VviZv, DMÖZv ev mxgvj“N‡b wjß
nb Z‡e wZwb wb‡Ri cÖe„wËi Pvwn`v †gUv‡eb gvÎ, Avjvni Bev`Z Kiv n‡e bv|
cÖwZwU gvbyl‡KB Avjvn ÔwdZ&ivZÕ-Gi Dci m„wó K‡i‡Qb Ges cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki g‡a¨B ÔfvjÕ Av‡Q| cwi‡e‡ki d‡j A‡b‡Ki
g‡a¨ Zv exR ev Pviv iƒ‡cB i‡q wM‡q‡Q, cwiPh©vi Afv‡e Zv e„¶ ev wbqš¿K kw³‡Z iƒcvš—wiZ n‡Z cv‡iwb| mgv‡Ri me‡P‡q
Lvivc gvbylwUi g‡aÏ fvji exR myß i‡q‡Q| DMÖZv, K‡VviZv, mgv‡jvPbv ev MvjvMvwji eyj‡WvRvi w`‡q †m exR ev Pviv‡K
A¼z‡iB webó Kiv `vÔqxi KvR bq| `vÔqxi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv fvjevmv, webgªZv I Avš—wiKZvi cwiPh©v w`‡q gvby‡li ga¨Kvi
Kj¨vYgywLZvi exR ev Pviv‡K e„‡¶ iƒcvš—wiZ Kiv|
4. 3. djvdj cÖvwßi e¨¯—Zv
mwVK Áv‡bi Afve I Av‡e‡Mi cÖfv‡e Avgiv †h mKj weåvwš—i g‡a¨ wbcwZZ n‡Z cvwi Zvi Ab¨Zg n‡jv, djvdj jv‡fi
Rb¨ e¨¯—Zv ev djvd‡ji wfwË‡Z `vÕIqv‡Zi mdjZv wePvi| `vÕIqvZ ev mrKv‡R Av‡`k I AmrKv‡R wb‡l‡ai Rb¨ Avgv‡ì g‡b
ivL‡Z n‡e †h, Avgiv Avjvni †Ìqv `vwqZ¡ cvjb KiwQ, Avgiv djvdj mÜvb KiwQ bv| A‡bK mgq Av‡eMx gywg‡bi g‡b
djvdjjv‡fi Db¥v`bv Zv‡K wec_Mvgx K‡i †d‡j| Avgiv PvB †h, mgvR †_‡K Bmjvg we‡ivax I gvbeZv we‡ivax mKj Ab¨vq I
cvc `~ixfyZ †nvK| †Kv‡bv gywg‡bi g‡b n‡Z cv‡i †h, GZ Iqvh, e³…Zv, eBcÎ, Av‡`k wb‡la BZ¨vw`‡Z wKQzB n‡jv bv, Kv‡RB
ZvovZvwo wKfv‡e me Ab¨vq `~i Kiv hvq Zvi wPš—v Ki‡Z n‡e| G wPš—v Zv‡K A‣ea ev Bmjv‡g Aby‡gvw`Z bq Ggb Kg© K‡i Bmjvg
cÖwZôvi Kzgš¿Yv w`‡Z cv‡i|
gnvb Avj-vn m~iv gvwq`vi 105 Avqv‡Z e‡j‡Qb:
c o m
s t .mrc‡_ cwiPvwjZ nI Zvn‡j †h c_åó
t
Ò†n gywgbMY, †Zvg‡ì Dc‡i ïay †Zvgv‡ì wb‡R‡ìB `vwqZ¡| †Zvgiv
h r u hw`
n‡q‡Q †m †Zvgv‡ì †Kv‡bv ¶wZ Ki‡e bv|Ó
n a
Z‡en
Zvn‡j Avgv‡ì `vwqZ¡ n‡jv wb‡Ri †n`vqvZ| Avi wb‡Ri †n`vqvZ-Gi Ask n‡jv `x‡bi cÖPvi I cÖmv‡ii †Póv| Avgv‡ì
Av‡`k-wb‡la m‡Ë¡I hw` †KD ev mK‡jB wec_Mvgx nq u
n‡Z n‡e bv| A‡bK bex kZkZ eQi `vÕIqvZ Is
a s †mRb¨ Avgv‡ì †Kv‡bv cvc n‡e bv ev Avgv‡ì‡K Avjvni ìev‡i `vqx
. Av‡`k wb‡la K‡i‡Qb, wKš‘ Aí K‡qKRb Qvov †KD myc_cÖvß nq wb| G‡Z Zuv‡ì
wcvwjZ n‡‛Q wKbv †mUvB we‡ePbv Ki‡eb|
wb‡Ri `vwqZ¡ KziAvb I nv`x‡miw
gh©v`vi †Kv‡bv KgwZ n‡e bv ev Zuv‡ì `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b †Kv‡bv KgwZ nqwb| Kv‡RB gywgb KL‡bvB djvd‡ji Rb¨ e¨¯— n‡eb bv| eis
wwjß gvby‡livI Roev`x-e¯‘ev`x wPš—v Øviv cÖfvweZ| Avgiv Avjvni Bev`‡Zi mvdjÏ `ywbqvex djvdj
eZ©gvb hy‡M Øx‡bi Kv‡R
Av‡jv‡K
w`‡q wePvi Ki‡Z PvB| A_P Bmjv‡gi g~j wk¶vB n‡jv Av‡LivZgywLZv| `ywbqv‡Z Avjvn wK djvdj w`‡eb †mUv ZuviB B‛Qv| gywg‡bi
wPš—v n‡jv Zvi Bev`Z Avjvni Kv‡Q Keyj n‡jv wKbv Ges †m Av‡Liv‡Z Zvi cyi¯‥vi cv‡e wKbv| gnvb Avjvni ìev‡i mKvZ‡i cÖv_©bv
Kwi, wZwb `qv Ki Avgv‡ì‡K `ywbqvgywLZv †_‡K i¶v K‡ib Ges Avgv‡ì ü`q¸wj‡K Av‡LivZgywL K‡i †`b|
4. 4. `vÕIqv‡Zi ARynv‡Z e¨w³MZ Avg‡j Î‚wU
mwVK Áv‡bi Afve I Av‡e‡Mi cÖfv‡e †KD †KD Ab¨‡K fvj Kivi Avkvq wb‡R cv‡c wjß nb ev wb‡Ri †bKK‡g©
Ae‡njv K‡ib| KL‡bv di&h AvBb ev` w`‡q di&h wKdqv cvjb K‡ib| KL‡bv Ab¨‡K fvj Kivi Rb¨ wb‡R †Mvbvn K‡ib Ges
KL‡bv A‡bï fvji Avkvq wb‡Ri e¨w³MZ bdj gy¯—vnve Avg‡j Ae‡njv K‡ib|
4. 4. 1. di‡h AvBb ev` w`‡q di‡h wKdvqv cvjb Kiv
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, `vÕIqvZ, Av‡`k, wb‡la ev `xb cÖwZôvi `vwqZ¡ gymwjg D¤§vni mvgwMÖK `vwqZ¡ I di‡h wKdvqv|
cÖ‡Z¨K Rb‡Mvóxi mswkó wKQz gvbyl G `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡j evKx‡ì Rb¨ Zv bd‡j cwiYZ nq| whwb GB `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡eb
wZwb Gi gnvb mvIqve I gh©v`v AR©b Ki‡eb| wKš— Ab¨‡ì †Kv‡bv †Mvbvn n‡e bv| c¶vš—‡i, wcZvgvZvi †L`gZ, ¯¿x-mš—
vb‡ì fiY‡cvlY, Zv‡ì c~Y© gymwjgiƒ‡c cÖwZcvjb, Kg©¯’‡ji Pzw³ cvjb BZ¨vw` gymwj‡gi Rb¨ dih AvBb| `vÕIqv‡Zi
AMwYZ mvIqve I dhxj‡Zi K_v ï‡b ev we‡k¦ Bmjvg‡K weRqx Kivi Av‡e‡M hw` Avgiv Avgv‡ì Ôdih AvBbÕ Bev`Z¸wj‡Z
Ae‡njv K‡i dih wKdvqv ev bdj ch©v‡qi `vÕIqvZ, Av‡`k ev wb‡l‡a iZ nB Zvn‡j Zv Avgv‡ì aŸsm I ¶wZi c_ cÖk¯—
Ki‡e|
4. 4. 2. IqvwRe-mybœvZ eR©b Kiv ev nvivg-gvKiƒ‡n wjß nIqv
wb‡Ri e¨w³MZ `vwqZ¡ I Ac‡ii cÖwZ Avgvi `vwq‡Z¡i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ eySv Avgv‡ì Rb¨ Ri‚ix| A‡bK mgq `ª‚Z djvdj
jv‡fi wPš—v gywgb‡K A‡bï fvj Kivi cÖ‡Póvq wb‡R Ab¨vq Ki‡Z cÖ‡ivwPZ K‡i| †hgb GKRb g` Lv‡‛Qb| Zv‡K `vÕIqvZ †Ìqvi
Rb¨ Avwg Zvi mv‡_ e‡j wKQz g` cvb Kwi| A_ev GKRb †ec`©v gwnjv‡K ÌqvZ †Ìqvi Rb¨ AvwgI wb‡Ri c`©v bó Kwi| Gfv‡e
`vÕIqv‡Zi bv‡g wm‡bgv BZ¨vw` †`Lv, Rvgv‡Z bvgvh bó Kiv, `vwo KvUv ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv kixqZ wbwl× ev AvBb wei‚× KvR Kiv meB
Contents

G ch©v‡qi| A‡bK mgq kqZvbx cÖ‡ivPbvq gywgb G¸wj‡K `vÕIqv‡Zi †¶‡Î ÔwnKgvZÕ I cÖÁv e‡j g‡b Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Avm‡j
welqwU weåvwš—| ÔwnKgv‡ZiÕ A_© `vÕIqvZ MÖnYKvixi gvbwmK cÖ¯‘wZi Av‡jv‡K kixqZ Abymv‡i `vÕIqvZ cÖ`vb| wb‡R cv‡c wjß
nIqv ev wb‡Ri †bK Avgj bó Kiv KL‡bvB wnKgZ bq, eis bdmvwbq¨Z I cÖe„wËi AbymiY|
4. 4. 3. e¨w³MZ bdj-gy¯—vnve Bev`‡Z Î‚wU Kiv
A‡bK mgq Av‡e‡Mi ekeZ©x n‡q gywgb `vÕIqvZ ev Av‡`k wb‡l‡ai Rb¨ Zvnv¾y`, whK&i, wZjvIqvZ I Ab¨vb¨ mybœvZ-
gymZvnve Bev`Z cvj‡b Î‚wU K‡ib| gywg‡bi g‡b n‡Z cv‡i, Av‡M `vÕIqvZ, Av‡`k, wb‡la BZ¨vwì gva¨‡g Øx‡bi weRq I
cÖwZôv K‡i Gici Avwg Avgvi e¨w³MZ ZvKIqv, mybœvZ, Zvnv¾y`, whwKi, ZvhwKqv BZ¨vw` wel‡q bhi wè| A_ev Avwg †Zv
me‡P‡q eo Kv‡R wjß i‡qwQ Kv‡RB Ab¨ †bK Avgj bv Ki‡jI P‡j| welqwU IqvmIqvmv Ges fyj eySv Qvov wKQzB bq|
GLv‡b wb‡gœi welq¸wj j¶¨ ivLv ìKvi:
cÖ_gZ, di‡h AvBb Bev`‡Z Î‚wU K‡i di‡h wKdvqv ev bdj Bev`Z •ea bq| GRb¨ ivm~jyj-vn () wcZvgvZvi †L`gZ
Z¨vM K‡i Avjvni c‡_ wRnv‡` kixK n‡Z AbygwZ †`b wb, hwÌ wRnv‡ì dhxjZ AKíbxq|
wØZxqZ, ivm~jyj-vn () I gnvb mvnvexM‡Yi Rxe‡b Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, Øx‡bi `vÕIqvZ I cÖwZôvi Kvi‡Y Zviv
e¨w³MZ ZvhwKqv, bdj Bev`Z, Zvnv¾y`, whK&i, µ›`b BZ¨vwì mvgvb¨Zg KgwZ K‡ib wb|
Z…ZxqZ, Øx‡bi `vÕIqvZ I cÖwZôvi †¶‡Î dvBbvj ch©vq e‡j wKQz †bB| GwU GKwU ¯’vqx I Pjgvb cÖwµqv| n° I
evwZ‡ji msNvZ wKqvgZ ch©š— Pj‡e| weR‡qi PvKv Gw`‡K Iw`‡K Nyi‡e| Kv‡RB GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡q Avgvi `vÕIqvZ I
`xbcÖwZôvi `vwqZ¡ †_‡g hv‡e Ges Avwg Ab¨ Kv‡R g‡bv‡hvM w`‡Z cvie, Giƒc wPš—v IqvmIqvmv I weåvwš— gvÎ|
PZz_Z© , AMwYZ bex-ivm~j, gyRvwn` I Ô`vqx BjvjvnÕ Zuv‡ì AvRxeb Kg© K‡iI RvMwZK djvdj †`‡L hvb wb| Zuviv
KL‡bvB Dc‡ii IqvmIqvmvi cÖfv‡e wb‡R‡ì e¨w³MZ dih `vwqZ¡ ev e¨w³MZ Rxe‡b Avjvni mv‡_ Mfxi m¤úK© I ZvhwKqvi
wel‡q Î‚wU K‡ib wb|
cÂgZ, gywg‡bi KvR `yBwU| Avjvni mv‡_ wb‡Ri m¤úK© Mfxi Kiv I Ab¨ gvbyl‡ì‡K `vÕIqvZ I Av‡`k wb‡l‡ai
gva¨‡g GB c‡_ AvnŸvb Kiv| cÖ_g KvRwUi ¸i‚Z¡ wØZxq KvRwUi †P‡q A‡bK †ewk| KviY cÖ_g Kv‡R ev›`v wb‡Ri B‛Qvq
om
G‡Mv‡Z cv‡i| wØZxq ch©v‡qi Kv‡Ri djvdj ev›`vi wb‡Ri B‛Qvi g‡a¨ bq| Kv‡RB †KD hw` wØZxq K‡g©i djvdj jv‡fi
c
t .
Dci cÖ_g Kg© eÜ K‡i iv‡Lb Zvn‡j Zvi AvwLiv‡Zi Rxeb‡K ¶wZMÖ¯’ Kiv Qvov Avi wKQzB n‡e bv| Avjvn Avgv‡ì‡K Zuvi
s
mš‘wói c‡_ Pjvi ZvIdxK `vb Ki‚b|
ht r u
a
4. 5. `vÕIqvZ I ms‡kvab ebvg wePvi I kvw¯—
n
sun
mwVK Áv‡bi Afv‡e I Av‡e‡Mi cÖfv‡e †h KwVb fyj N‡U †h‡Z cv‡i Zv n‡jv Av‡`k-wb‡l‡ai bv‡g wePvi-kvw¯— cÖ`vb|
Av‡`k-wb‡la I wePvi kvw¯—i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Abyaveb Kiv LyeB ¸i‚Z¡c~Y©| ¶gZv Abymv‡i Ab¨vq cwieZ©b ev eÜ Kiv gywg‡bi
. a s
`vwqZ¡| wKš‘ Ab¨vq eÜ Kiv I Ab¨v‡qi wePviÑkvw¯— †Ìqv m¤ú~Y© `yBwU c„_K `vwqZ¡| cÖ_gwU mKj gymwj‡gi KiYxq| Avi
w
wePvi I kvw¯— GKgvÎ iv‡óªi AwaKvi I `vwqZ¡| ivóª †hb Zvi Dci Awc©Z mwVK wePvi-kvw¯— cÖwZôvi `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i †m Rb¨
w
w
gywgb h_vmva¨ †Póv Ki‡eb| wKš‘ †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB gywgb‡K wePvi wbR nv‡Z Zz‡j †bIqvi AwaKvi †Ìqv nqwb| GRb¨ Bgvg
Avng` e‡j‡Qb, ivm~jyj-vn () Ab¨v‡qi cwieZ©b nvZ w`‡q Ki‡Z e‡j‡Qb, Zievix ev A¯¿ w`‡q bq| (Avj-Kvbhyj AvKevi
1/78)
AZxZ ev fwel¨Z Ab¨vq ev Amr Kv‡Ri Rb¨ Iqvh bmxnZ ev Dc‡`k w`‡Z n‡e| Avi eZ©gv‡b KvD‡K Ab¨v‡q wjß
†`L‡Z †c‡j m¤¢e n‡j Zv‡K weiZ Ki‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB wePv‡ii `wqZ¡ nv‡Z Zz‡j †bIqv hv‡e bv| wb‡gœi
D`vniY †_‡K Avgiv Zv eyS‡Z cvie|
g`cvb ev gv`K `ªe¨ MÖnY GKwU KwVb cvc I Ab¨vq| Bmjvgx kixq‡Z Gi kvw¯— †eÎvNvZ| hw` †Kv‡bv gywgb †Kv_vI
KvD‡K g`cvb ev †bkvMÖnY Ki‡Z †`‡Lb Zvn‡j Zvi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv Zv eÜ Kivi †Póv Kiv| wZwb m¤¢e n‡j Zv‡K kw³ w`‡q
GKvR †_‡K weiZ Ki‡eb| bv n‡j Zv‡K weiZ n‡Z Dc‡`k w`‡eb| bv n‡j Aš—i w`‡q N„Yv Ki‡eb Ges GB cvc eÜ †nvK Zv
Kvgbv Ki‡eb| wKš‘ †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB wZwb g`cvbKvixi wePvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv ev kixqZ wba©vwiZ kvw¯— w`‡Z cvi‡eb bv|
Abyiƒcfv‡e e¨wfPvi, ag©Z¨vM, Lyb, Pzwi BZ¨vw` KwVb cvc| Bmjv‡g G¸wji kvw¯— †eÎvNvZ, g„Zz¨`Ê ev n¯—KZ©b| †Kv‡bv gywgb
KvD‡K GmKj cv‡c wjß †`L‡Z †c‡j wZwb Dch©y³ c×wZ‡Z Zv eÜ Kivi †Póv Ki‡eb| wKš‘ wZwb †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB Zvi wePvi ev kvw¯—
cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv| wePvi I kvw¯—i Rb¨ Bmjv‡g wba©vwiZ cÖwµqv i‡q‡Q| mv¶¨, cÖgvb, AvZ¥c¶ mg_©b BZ¨vw` cÖwµqvi evB‡i
kvw¯— †Ìqvi AwaKvi ivóªcÖavb ev wePvi‡KiI †bB|
Dgvi (iv) Avãyi ivngvb Beby AvDd‡K (iv)-†K e‡jb, ÒAvcwb kvmK _vKv Ae¯’vq hw` KvD‡K e¨wfPvi ev Pzwii Aciv‡a iZ
†`L‡Z cvb Zvn‡j Zvi wePv‡ii weavb Kx? (wb‡Ri †`Lv‡ZB wK wePvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb?)Ó Avãyi ivngvb (iv) e‡jb, ÒAvcbvi mv¶Ï
GKRb mvaviY gymwj‡gi mv‡¶ï mgvb|Ó Dgvi (iv) e‡jb, ÒAvcwb wVKB e‡j‡Qb|Ó (eyLvix)
A_©vr ¯^q© ivóªcÖavbI wb‡Ri †`Lvi wfwË‡Z wePvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv Ges Zuvi GKvi mv‡¶Ï wePvi n‡e bv|
Ab¨ GK NUbvq Dgvi (iv) iv‡Î g`xbvq †Nviv‡div Kivi mgq GKe¨w³‡K e¨wfPv‡i wjß †`L‡Z cvb| wZwb ciw`b mKv‡j
mvnvexMY‡K wRÁvmv K‡ib, hw` ivóªcÖavb KvD‡K e¨wfPv‡i wjß †`L‡Z cvb Zvn‡j wZwb wK kvw¯— cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb? ZLb Avjx
(iv) e‡jb, KL‡bvB bv| Avcwb Qvov Av‡iv wZbRb cÖZ¨¶ mv¶x hw` Aciv‡ai mv¶¨ bv †`q Zvn‡j Avcbvi Dc‡i wg_¨v Acev‡ì
kvw¯— cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡e| (Avj-Kvbhyj AvKevi 1/227)
GLv‡b Av‡iv GKwU welq j¶Yxq, Zv n‡jv †`Lv I †kvbvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨| †Kv‡bv Ab¨vq msNwUZ n‡Z †`L‡j mva¨gZ Zv
Contents
cwieZ©b ev cÖwZev`-cÖwZKvi Ki‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ hw` †Kv_vI Ab¨vq n‡‛Q ï‡b †mLv‡b †h‡q †`Lv †Mj †h, Ab¨vq msNwUZ n‡q
wM‡q‡Q| GLb Avi †KD Zv‡Z wjß †bB| GB Ae¯’vq welqwU wePvh© wel‡q cwiYZ n‡e| G‡¶‡Î †Kv‡bv gvbyl †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB
ÔAgyK wKQz¶Y Av‡M AgyK Aciv‡a wjß wQjÕ e‡j Zv‡K wePvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv ev kvw¯— w`‡Z cvi‡eb bv| cÖ‡qvRb I my‡hvM
Abymv‡i Dc‡`k-bmxnZ Ki‡eb ev AvB‡b †mvc`© Ki‡eb|
A‡bK mgq ÔmwVK wePvi n‡e bvÕ, ev ÔkixqZ m¤§Z wePvi n‡e bvÕ G wPš—v KvD‡K wePvi nv‡Z Zz‡j †bIqvi Rb¨ cÖ‡ivwPZ
Ki‡Z cv‡i| G‡¶‡Î Avgv‡ì Avev‡iv g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, Avgv‡ì `vwqZ¡ n‡jv, Av‡`k, wb‡la I AvnŸvb| wePvi Kiv ev mKj
Ab¨vq wgwU‡q †Ìqv Avgv‡ì `vwqZ¡ bq| mwVK wePvi ev Bmjvg m¤§Z wePvi bv _vK‡j Zv cÖwZôvi Rb¨ mswkó e¨w³eM©‡K mva¨gZ
Av‡`k-wb‡la Kiv ev Zv cÖwZôvi †Póv Kiv Avgv‡ì `vwqZ¡| wKš‘ †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB wePvi nv‡Z Zz‡j †bIqvi †Kv‡bv AwaKvi Avjvn
I Zuvi ivm~j () Avgv‡ì‡K †`b wb| `vÕIqv‡Zi c‡iI hw` mwVK wePvi bv nq ev kixqZ we‡ivax wePvi nq Z‡e †mRb¨ mswkóiv
Avjvni wbKU Acivax n‡eb Ges Ò`vÔqxÓMY wegy³ _vK‡eb| mwVK wePvi n‡e bv g‡b K‡i MYwcUzwb, fvsPzi ev AvBb nv‡Z Zz‡j
†bIqv KwVb Ab¨vq I nvivgmg~‡ni Ab¨Zg| †jvKwU mwZ¨Kvi Acivax wKbv, KZUzKz Acivax Ges GB Aciv‡a Bmjv‡g Zvi kvw¯— wK,
Zv wba©viY Kivi Rb¨ kixq‡Zi mwVK cªwµqvi evB‡i wKQz Kivi A_©B n‡jv Ryjyg| Avi c~‡e©i nv`x‡m Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, G‡Z
AskMÖnY †Zv `~‡ii K_v, GLv‡b Dcw¯’Z _vK‡jI jvb‡Zi fvMx n‡Z n‡e|
4. 6. Av‡`k-wb‡la ebvg MxeZ-AbymÜvb
KziAvb-nv`x‡mi Áv‡bi Afv‡e I Av‡e‡Mi cÖfv‡e Avgiv Av‡iKwU fyj Kwi| Avgiv Av‡`k-wb‡l‡ai bv‡g ciPP©v I
†`vl †LuvRvq wjß nB| Av‡`k-wb‡la Ges ciwb›`v I †Mvcb †`vl mÜv‡bi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Avmgvb I hwg‡bi| cÖ_gwU dih
Bev`Z Ges wØZxqwU nvivg Kexiv ¸bvn|
gnvb Avjvn †hgb Amr I Ab¨vq KvR †_‡K wb‡la Ki‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb, †Zgwb wZwb A‡bï †Mvcb Ab¨vq ev †`vl †LuvR
Ki‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| †h Ab¨vq cÖKv‡k¨ Avcwb †`L‡Z cv‡eb, Avcwb cÖKv‡k¨ Zvi cÖwZev`-cÖwZKvi Ki‡eb| Avcwb †h Ab¨vq
KvRwU †`L‡Z †c‡q‡Qb Zv hw` A‡bïv bv †`‡L Zvn‡j Avcwb Ab¨vqKvix‡K fqcÖ`k©b ev Av‡`k-wb‡l‡ai gva¨‡g ms‡kva‡bi †Póv
m
Ki‚b| GKvš— eva¨ bv n‡j ev gvbevwaKvi ev n°zj Bev` mswkó bv n‡j welqwU AvBb ev Rbmg‡¶ Zzj‡eb bv|
. c o
Kv‡iv †`vl †Mvc‡b mÜvb Kiv ev †Mvcb †`vl Rvbvi †Póv Kiv nvivg| Abyiƒcfv‡e Kv‡iv †Kv‡bv †Mvcb Ab¨vq ev †`v‡li
t
t r s
K_v Rvb‡j Zv cÖKvk bv K‡i †Mvcb ivLv Ges †Mvc‡bB Zv‡K bmxnZ Kiv nv`x‡mi wb‡`©k| m‡e©vcwi Kv‡iv †`v‡li K_v Zvi
u
Abycw¯’wZ‡Z Av‡jvPbv Kiv MxeZ ev ciPP©v Ges Zv KwVb nvivg| Avgv‡ì g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, Kv‡iv Ab¨v‡qi K_v gvby‡li
n a h
Kv‡Q e‡j †eov‡bvi bvg mrKv‡R Av‡`k ev AmrKv‡R wb‡la Kiv bq| eis GB KvRwUB GKwU AmrKvR| Avjvn ZvÕjv m~iv
sun
ûRyivZ-Gi 12 Avqv‡Z e‡j‡Qb,
. a s
w Abyw
†Mvcbxq welq mÜvb K‡iv bvw
Ò†n gywgbMY †Zvgiv AwaKvsk gvb-aviYv cwiZ¨vM Ki; KviY †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Abygvb-aviYv cvc| Ges †Zvgiv G‡K Ac‡ii
Ges G‡K Ac‡ii Abycw¯’wZ‡Z wb›`v K‡iv bv| †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ wK †KD Zvi g„Z åvZvi †MvkZ f¶Y Ki‡Z
PvB‡e? e¯‘Z †Zvgiv †Zv G‡K N„Y¨B g‡b Ki| †Zvgiv Avjvn‡K fq Ki; Avjvn ZvIev MÖnYKvix, cig `qvjy|Ó
ivm~jyj-vn mvj-vj-vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj-vg e‡jb,
ÒLei`vi! †Zvgiv Aek¨B Abygvb-aviYv †_‡K eû`~‡i _vK‡e| KviY Abygvb aviYvB n‡jv me‡P‡q eo wg_¨v| Ges
†Zvgiv G‡K Ac‡ii †Mvcbxq welq Rvbvi †Póv Ki‡e bv, †Mvcb †`vl mÜvb Ki‡e bv, ci¯ú‡i wnsmv Ki‡e bv, ci¯ú‡i
we‡Ø‡l wjß n‡e bv Ges ci¯ú‡i kÎ‚Zv I m¤úK©‡‛Q` Ki‡e bv| ‡Zvgiv ci¯ú‡i fvBfvB Avjvni ev›`v n‡q hvI|Ó (eyLvix I
gymwjg|)
Gfv‡e Avgiv Rvb‡Z cviwQ †h, Abygv‡b K_v ejv Ges A‡bï †`vl AbymÜvb Kiv nvivg| ïay ZvB bq, AbymÜvb QvovI hw`
A‡bï †Kv‡bv †`vlÎ‚wU gvbyl Rvb‡Z cv‡i Zv Zvi Abycw¯’wZ‡Z D‡jL Kiv MxeZ I nvivg| MxeZ n‡jv 100% mZ¨ K_v| †Kv‡bv
e¨w³i 100% mZ¨ †`vlÎ‚wUi K_v Zvi Abycw¯’wZ‡Z D‡jL Kivi bvgB MxeZ| Ave~ ûivBiv (iv) e‡jb,

ivm~jyj-vn () ej‡jb, †Zvgiv wK Rvb MxeZ ev Abycw¯’‡Zi wb›`v Kx? mvnvexMY e‡jb, Avjvn I Zuvi ivm~jB () fvj
Rv‡bb| wZwb e‡jb, †Zvgvi fvB‡K Zvi Abycw¯’wZ‡Z Ggbfv‡e D‡jL Kiv hv †m AcQ›` K‡i| ZLb cÖkœ Kiv n‡jv, ejyb †Zv, Avwg
hv ejwQ Zv hw` mZ¨B Avgvi fvB‡qi g‡a¨ weivRgvb nq Zvn‡j wK n‡e? wZwb e‡jb, Zzwg hv ejQ Zv hw` mZ¨B Zvi g‡a¨ weivRgvb
_v‡K Zvn‡j Zzwg Zvi MxeZ Ki‡j| Avi hw` Zv Zvi g‡a¨ bv _v‡K Zvn‡j Zzwg Zvi wg_¨v Acev` Ki‡j|Ó (gymwjg|)
Avgiv fvwe, mZ¨ K_v eje Zv‡Z Amyweav wK? Avgiv nqZ eywS bv ev cÖe„wËi Kzgš¿bvq eyS‡Z PvB bv †h, me mZ¨ K_v Rv‡qh
Contents

bq| A‡bK mZ¨ K_v wg_¨vi gZ ev wg_¨vi †P‡qI †ewk nvivg| Avevi KL‡bv ewj, Avwg G K_v Zvi mvg‡bI ej‡Z cvwi| Avi mvgv‡b
hv ej‡Z cv‡ib Zv wcQ‡b ejvB †Zv MxeZ|
MxeZ A_©vr A‡bï †`vlÎ‚wU Zvi Abycw¯’wZ‡Z Av‡jvPbv Kiv AZ¨š— Avb›``vqK Kg©| gvbexq cÖe„wË Zv LyeB cQ›` K‡i|
KziAv‡b GRb¨ G‡K Ô‡MvkZ LvIqviÕ mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| †MvkZ LvIqv LyeB gRv`vi, Z‡e wbR g„ZfvB‡qi †MvkZ LvIqv
gRv`vi bq, N„Y¨ KvR| KziAv‡bi wb‡`©kbv hvi ü`‡qi Mfx‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q †mB gywgb Abyfe K‡ib †h, Mxe‡Zi gva¨‡g wZwb g„Z
fvB‡qi †MvkZ f¶Y Ki‡Qb| GRb¨ KvRwU Zuvi Kv‡Q AZ¨š— N„Y¨| wKš‘ Avgiv `ye„j Cgv‡bi AwaKvixiv Zv eyS‡Z cvwi bv| eis
fybv Mi‚i †Mvk‡Zi gZB cwiZ…wßi mv‡_ Avgiv Zv f¶Y Kwi|
gvbe cÖe„wËi Kv‡Q Mxe‡Zi gRv`vi nIqvi `yBwU KviY| cÖ_gZ, wb‡Ri †`v‡li cÖwZ `„wó †Ìqv weiw³Ki| A‡bï †`vl
Av‡jvPbv Ki‡j G weiw³ †_‡K euvPv hvq| wØZxqZ, wb‡Ri fvjZ¡, I cÖvavb¨ cÖwZôvi mnR Dcvq MxeZ| wb‡Ri eoZ¡ wb‡R ejv GKUz
Lvivc †`Lvq| A‡b¨‡ì Mxe‡Zi gva¨‡g mn‡RB cÖgvb Kiv hvq †h, mK‡jB †`vlhy³, Avwg A‡bK fvj|
gvbexq G `ye©jZvi wel‡q ivm~jyj-vn () e‡jb:
Ò†Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ GKRb gvbyl Zvi fvB‡qi †Pv‡Li mvgvb¨ KzUvUzKz †`L‡Z cvq, wKš‘ wb‡Ri †Pv‡Li g‡a¨ wekvj e„‡¶i
K_v fy‡j hvq|Ó (mnxn Beb wneŸvb, gvIqvwi`yh& hvgAvb 6/90| mnxn|)
Mxe‡Zi wb›`vq Ges Gi K‡VviZg kvw¯—i eY©bvq A‡bK nv`xm ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b †m¸wji we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv m¤¢e
bq| GLv‡b Avgiv `vÕIqvZ †Kw›`ªK N„Y¨ MxeZ I Mxe‡Zi KviY¸wj eyS‡Z PvB| Avgv‡ì mgv‡R `vÕIqv‡Z wjß m¤§vwbZ
gywgbMY‡K kqZvb wewfbœfv‡e Mxe‡Z wjß K‡i| Zb¥‡a¨ cÖavb c_ `yBwU: 1. cv‡c ev Ab¨v‡q wjß e¨w³M‡Yi MxeZ I 2.
`vÕIqv‡Z wjß Ab¨ gymwj‡gi MxeZ|
4. 6. 1. cvcxi MxeZ
`vÕIqv‡Z wjß gywgb ¯^fveZB cv‡c wjß gvbyl‡ì‡K AcQ›` K‡ib| G‡ì g‡a¨ A‡b‡KB ¶gZvai ev Zv‡ì mvg‡b
m
wKQy ejvi my‡hvM wZwb cvb bv| GRb¨ G‡ì Abycw¯’wZ‡Z my‡hvM †c‡jB G‡ì wewfbœ †`vl ev Aciva Av‡jvPbv K‡ib| wZwb
. c o
g‡b K‡ib, Gfv‡e wZwb cv‡ci cÖwZ Zuvi N„Yv cÖKvk Ki‡Qb| A_P cÖK…Zc‡¶ wZwb MxeZ I Acev‡ì gva¨‡g nviv‡g wjß
t
t r s
n‡‛Qb Ges wb‡Ri Avgj aŸsm Ki‡Qb| ÒAgyK Kg© cvc Ges Avwg Zv N„Yv Kwi| hviv G‡Z wjß mevB N„Y¨ Kv‡R wjßÓ, GK_v
u
ej‡j cv‡ci cÖwZ N„Yv cÖKvk n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ ÒAgyK e¨w³ AgyK cv‡c wjßÓ, GK_v Zvi Abycw¯’wZ‡Z ej‡j m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e
MxeZ n‡e|
n a h
sun
GB nvivg‡K nvjvj Kivi Rb¨ GKwU ev‡bvqvU nv`xm ejv nq :
. a s
w
Òcvcxi MxeZ †bB|Ó A_©vr cvcxi †`vl wcQ‡b Av‡jvPbv Ki‡j MxeZ nq bv| nv`xmwU ev‡bvqvU ev AZ¨š— `ye©j|
w
w
(gyLZvmvi‚j gvKvwm`, 164 c„, hqxdzj Rvwg, 709c„)| GLv‡b wb‡gœi welq¸wj j¶Yxq:
cÖ_gZ, cvcxi MxeZ bv n‡j `ywbqv‡Z MxeZ e‡j wKQz _v‡K bv| Avgiv mK‡jB cvcx| wKQz bv wKQz cv‡c Avgiv mK‡jB
RwoZ| Avi MxeZ †Zv mZ¨ †`vl ejv| GRb¨ wb®úvc gvby‡li †Zv MxeZ n‡e bv, Acev` n‡e| KziAvb I nv`x‡mi AmsL¨
wb‡`©kbv †_‡K Avgiv wbwðZ Rvwb †h, †h †Kv‡bv cvcxi †h †Kv‡bv cÖKv‡ii †`vlÎ‚wU, hv Zvi Abycw¯’wZ‡Z Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q
Rvb‡j Zvi Lvivc jv‡M, Zv Zvi Abycw¯’wZ‡Z Av‡jvPbv KivB MxeZ|
wØZxqZ, †Kv‡bv e¨w³i †`vlÎ‚wUi K_v Zvi Abycw¯’wZ‡Z ejvi GKwUB kixqZ-m¤§Z KviY Av‡Q, Zv n‡jv, Ab¨ KvD‡K AwaKZi
¶wZ †_‡K i¶v Kiv| G‡¶‡ÎI gywgb‡K eyS‡Z n‡e †h, G KvRwU GKwU N„wYZ KvR| GKvš—B eva¨ n‡q wZwb Zv Ki‡Qb| Kv‡RB
cÖ‡qvR‡bi AwZwi³ wKQzB bv ejv|
Z…ZxqZ, MxeZ KziAvb I nv`x‡mi gva¨‡g nvivg Kiv n‡q‡Q| KziAvb-nv`x‡m ¯úófv‡e MxeZ‡K †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB
nvjvj ejv nq wb| ïay †Kv‡bv gvbyl ev Rb‡Mvóx‡K wbwðZ ¶wZ †_‡K i¶v Kivi GKvš— cÖ‡qvR‡b Zv •ea n‡Z cv‡i e‡j
Av‡jgMY gZ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| GLb gywg‡bi KvR n‡jv KziAvb I nv`xm hv wb‡la K‡i‡Q Zv N„Yvf‡i cwinvi Kiv| GgbwK †m
Kg©wU KL‡bv Rv‡qh n‡jI wZwb Zv me©`v cwinvi Kivi †Póv Ki‡eb| ïK‡ii gvsm, g`, i³ BZ¨vw` Avjvn nvivg K‡i‡Qb Ges
cÖ‡qvR‡b Rv‡qh e‡j †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| GLb gywg‡bi `wqZ¡ Kx? wewfbœ ARynv‡Z cÖ‡qvRb †`wL‡q G¸wj f¶Y Kiv? bv hZ Kó
ev cÖ‡qvRbB †nvK Zv cwinvi Kivi †Póv Kiv?
MxeZI wVK Abyiƒc GKwU nvivg Kg© hv GKvš— cÖ‡qvR‡b •ea n‡Z cv‡i| MxeZ I ïK‡ii gvs‡mi g‡a¨ `yBwU cv_©K¨|
cÖ_g cv_©K¨ n‡jv ïK‡ii gvsm †h cÖ‡qvR‡b LvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i Zv KziAv‡bB ejv n‡q‡Q, c¶vš—‡i Mxe‡Zi †¶‡Î Abyiƒc wKQz
KziAvb ev mnxn nv`x‡m ejv nqwb| wØZxq cv_©K¨ n‡jv, mvaviYfv‡e ïK‡ii gvsm f¶Y Kiv ïaygvÎ Avjvni n° RwbZ cvc|
mn‡RB ZvIevi gva¨‡g Zv ¶gv n‡Z cv‡i| c¶vš—‡i MxeZ ev›`vi n° RwbZ cvc| Gi ¶gvi Rb¨ mswk-ó e¨w³i ¶gv
cÖ‡qvRb| GRb¨ gywg‡bi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv wewfbœ ARynv‡Z ev hqxd-gvDh~ nv`x‡mi eivZ w`‡q G cv‡c wjß bv n‡q h_vmva¨ G‡K
eR©b Kiv|
PZz_Z
© , Avjvni c‡_ AvnŸvbKvixi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv h_vmva¨ cwieZ©b I ms‡kvab| Mxe‡Zi gva¨‡g KL‡bvB †Kv‡bv cv‡ci
cwieZ©b ev ms‡kvab nqwb ev nq bv| G‡Z ïaygvÎ wb‡Ri cvc e„w× cvq|
Contents

4. 6. 2. Ô`vÔqxÕi MxeZ
Ô`vqxÕMY KL‡bv KL‡bv G‡K A‡bï Mxe‡Z wjß n‡q c‡ob| Øx‡bi `vÕIqv‡Z iZ gymwjgMY GLb wewfbœ `‡j wef³| `xb
cvj‡bi gva¨g wnmv‡eB Avgiv `j Kwi| G mKj `‡ji g‡a¨ wewfbœ gZcv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| cv_©‡Kï A‡bK welq c×wZMZ I
BRwZnv` †Kw›`ªK| wKQz welq KziAvb I nv`x‡mi `„wó‡ZB Ab¨vq I AvcwËKi| cÖ_g †¶‡Î gZ‡f` †g‡b †bIqv cÖ‡qvRb| wØZxq
†¶‡Î fyj¸wj ms‡kva‡bi Rb¨ Dc‡i ewY©Z `vÕIqv‡Zi wbqgvewj Abymv‡i Zv‡ì‡K Av‡`k, wb‡la I `vÕIqvZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
wKš‘, `ytLRbK n‡jv †h, G¸wji cwie‡Z© Avgiv GK`‡ji K‡qKRb GKwÎZ n‡j ev †Kv‡bv my‡hvM †c‡j Ab¨ `‡ji
wewfbœ gvby‡li e¨w³MZ, †MvôxMZ ev gZvgZMZ fyjÎ‚wU Av‡jvPbv K‡i Mxe‡Z iZ _vwK| G‡Z †Kv‡bv gvbyl ms‡kvwaZ nq bv ev
Øx‡bi †Kv‡bv DcKvi nq bv| G RvZxq MxeZ †_‡K Avgiv K‡qKfv‡e ¶wZMÖ¯’ nB,
cÖ_gZ, KwVb nvivg Kg© K‡i wb‡Ri Av‡LivZ bó Kwi|
wØZxqZ, Mxe‡Z e¨¯— _vKvi d‡j Avjvni whK&i I wb‡Ri fyjÎ‚wU ¯§iY K‡i ZvIevi my‡hvM †_‡K ewÂZ nB|
Z…ZxqZ, A‡bï fyjÎ‚wU Av‡jvPbv Kivi gva¨‡g wb‡R‡ì g‡b AvZ¥Z…wß I An¼vi Av‡m, hv gywg‡bi Rb¨ AZ¨š—
¶wZKviK|
PZz_Z© , wewfbœ nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, wKqvg‡Zi w`b MxeZKvixi mvIqve MxeZK…Z e¨w³‡K cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e
Ges MxeZK…Zi cvc MxeZKvixi Nv‡o Pvcv‡bv n‡e| G‡Z Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, wewfbœ cvc ev fyjÎ‚wUi Kvi‡Y †h mKj
gvbyl‡ì Avgiv AcQ›` Kwi, cÖK…Zc‡¶ Avgv‡ì KóvwR©Z mvIqve Zv‡ì‡K `vb KiwQ Ges Zv‡ì cvçwj Avgiv MÖnY KiwQ|
4. 6. 3. ms‡kvab ebvg †`vl †Mvcb
A‡bï †`vl Zvi Abycw¯’wZ‡Z ej‡Z †hgb wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q, Aciw`‡K Zv †Mvcb Ki‡Z Drmvn †Ìqv n‡q‡Q|
ivm~jyj-vn () e‡jb,
om
Ògymwjg gymwj‡gi fvB| GKRb Av‡iKRb‡K Ryjyg K‡i bv Ges wec‡` cwiZ¨vM K‡i bv| †h e¨w³ Zvi fvB‡qi
c
t .
cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡Z e¨¯— _vK‡e Avjvn Zvi cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡Z _vK‡eb| †h e¨w³ †Kv‡bv gymwj‡gi Kó-wec` `~i Ki‡e Avjvn
s
u
†Kqvg‡Zi w`b Zvi wec` `~i Ki‡eb| †h e¨w³ †Kv‡bv gymwj‡gi †`vl †Mvcb Ki‡e Avjvn †Kqvg‡Zi w`b Zvi †`vl †Mvcb
Ki‡eb|Ó (eyLvix I gymwjg|)
ht r
n a
wgk‡ii Mfb©i mvnvex DKev Beby Avwgi (iv) Gi †m‡µUvix ÔAveyj nvBmvg `yLvBbÕ e‡jb, Avwg DKev (iv)-†K ejjvg,
sun
Avgv‡ì K‡qKRb cÖwZ‡ekx g`cvb Ki‡Q| Avwg GLwb †h‡q cywjk WvKwQ †hb Zv‡ì a‡i wb‡q hvq| DKev e‡jb, Zzwg Zv
. a s
K‡iv bv| eis Zzwg Zv‡ì‡K Dc‡`k `vI Ges fq †`LvI|.... Avwg ivm~jyj-vn () -†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ,
w w†`vl †Mvcb Kij, †m †hb Rxeš— †cÖw_Z GKwU Kb¨v‡K Zvi Kei †_‡K DwV‡q Rxeb `vb
w
Ò†h e¨w³ †Kv‡bv gywgb e¨w³i
Kij|Ó (mnxn Beby wneŸvb|)
Dc‡ii nv`xm¸wji Av‡jv‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cviwQ †h, gywgb Avjvni c‡_ AvnŸvb Ki‡eb| †Kv‡bv Ab¨vq †`L‡j Zv
ms‡kva‡bi †Póv Ki‡eb| wKš‘ KL‡bvB gywgb A‡bï †Mvcb †`vl AbymÜvb Ki‡eb bv| Kv‡iv †Kv‡bv †`vl Rvb‡Z cvi‡j Zv
†Mvcb ivL‡eb| mva¨gZ †Mvc‡bB Zv‡K ms‡kva‡bi †Póv Ki‡eb| wZwb Kv‡iv †Mvcb †`vl A‡bï mvg‡b cÖ Kvk Ki‡eb bv|
ms‡kva‡bi cÖ‡qvR‡b GKvš— eva¨ n‡j ïaygvÎ hv‡K ej‡j ms‡kvab n‡e Zv‡KB ej‡eb| Kv‡iv Abycw¯’wZ‡Z Zvi †`vl wZwb
Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb bv| gywg‡bi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv gvbyl‡K fvjc‡_ Avb‡Z †Póv Kiv| A‡nZzK A‡bï †`vl Av‡jvPbv K‡i AvZ¥Z…wß
jvf I cvc AR©b gywg‡bi `vwqZ¡ bq| Avjvn Avgv‡ì‡K i¶v Ki‚b|
Contents
cÂg cwi‡‛Q`
mybœv‡Zi Av‡jv‡K `vÕIqvZ
5. 1. Bev`Z cvj‡b mybœv‡Zi ¸i‚Z¡
5. 1. 1. mybœv‡Zi A_© I cwiPq
mybœvZ k‡ãi AvwfavwbK A_© n‡jv: gyL, Qwe, cÖwZ‛Qwe, cÖK…wZ, Rxeb-c×wZ, Kg©aviv BZ¨vw`| mvaviYfv‡e ÔmybœvZÕ ej‡Z
Avgiv eywS dih I IqvwR‡ei cieZ©x ch©v‡qi †bKKg© hv Kiv AZ¨vek¨Kxq bq, Z‡e DwPZ, DËg I cÖ‡qvRbxq| Z‡e nv`x‡m
kix‡d Ges mvnvex Zv‡eqxM‡Yi cwifvlvq mybœvZ ej‡Z eySv‡bv nq ivm~jyj-vn ()-Gi mKj cÖKv‡ii wb‡`©k, K_v, Kg©,
Aby‡gv`b ev GK K_vq Zuvi mvgwMÖK Rxebv`k©| GQvov Zuvi mvnvex‡ì Kg© I Av`k©I GB A‡_© ÔmybœvZÕ e‡j AwfwnZ nq|
mybœv‡Zi A_© I cwiPq m¤ú‡K© we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kivi †Póv K‡iwQ ÔGnBqvDm mybvbÕ MÖ‡š’| G cyw¯—Kvi msw¶ß cwim‡i
Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi †h, ivm~jyjvn -Gi mvgwMÖK Rxeb-c×wZB mybœvZ| †h KvR ivm~jyjvn  †hfv‡e K‡i‡Qb Zv †mfv‡e KivB
Zuvi mybœvZ| hv wZwb K‡ib wb, A_©vr eR©b K‡i‡Qb Zv bv Kiv ev eR©b KivB mybœvZ| †Kvb Kg© cvjb ev eR©‡bi †¶‡Î ¸i‚Z¡,
c×wZ, †¶Î, mgq, ¯’vb BZ¨vw` †h †Kv‡bv wel‡q mybœv‡Zi †ewk ev Kg n‡j ev mybœv‡Zi evB‡i †M‡j Zv Ô†Ljv‡d mybœvZÕ n‡e| wZwb
hv K‡ib wb ev Ò†Ljv‡d mybœvZÓ Kg© KL‡bvB Øx‡bi Ask ev Bev`‡Zi Ask n‡Z cv‡i bv| Z‡e RvMwZK Kg© wnmv‡e ev Bev`‡Zi
DcKiY wnmv‡e kixq‡Zi weav‡bi Av‡jv‡K Zv Rv‡qh ev bvRv‡qh n‡Z cv‡i|
5. 1. 2. mybœv‡Zi evB‡i †Kv‡bv Bev`Z Keyj n‡e bv
KziAvb-nv`x‡mi AMwYZ wb‡`©kbv †_‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, Avjvni ìev‡i †h †Kv‡bv Bev`Z Keyj nIqvi Ab¨Zg
kZ© n‡jv †h, †mB Bev`ZwU ivm~jyj-vn () -Gi mybœvZ ev ixwZ Abymv‡i cvwjZ n‡e| ivm~jyj-vn  Avgv‡ì‡K †KejgvÎ
Bev`‡Zi wb‡`©kB †`b wb, Dciš‘ cÖwZwU Bev`Z wb‡R cvjb K‡i Bev`ZwU cvj‡bi weï× c×wZI wZwb Avgv‡ì wk¶v
m
w`‡q‡Qb| cÖwZwU Bev`Z Zuvi c×wZ ev ÒmybœvZÓ Abymv‡i Av`vq Kiv AZ¨vek¨Kxq| mybœv‡Zi e¨wZµg †Kv‡bv Kg© ev c×wZ
. c o
Avjvni wbKU MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| †Kv‡bv Bev`Z hw` Zuvi c×wZi evB‡i †Kv‡bvfv‡e cvwjZ nq Zvn‡j Zv Avjvni wbKU Keyj n‡e
t
bv| ivm~jyj-vn  e‡jb:
t r u s
ÒAvgv‡ì Kg© hv bq Ggb †Kv‡bv Kg© hw` †Kv‡bv gvbyl K‡i h
n n a Zvn‡j Zvi Kg© cÖZ¨vL¨vZ n‡e (Keyj n‡e bv)|Ó (eyLvix I
gymwjg)
s s u
a
Ab¨ nv`x‡m wZwb e‡jb,
w .
w w
Ò†h e¨w³ Avgvi mybœvZ †_‡K
gymwjg)
Ab¨gb¯‥ n‡jv ev Avgvi mybœvZ‡K AcQ›` Ki‡jv Zvi mv‡_ Avgvi m¤úK© †bB|Ó (eyLvix I
5. 1. 3. `vÕIqv‡Zi KvRI mybœvZ c×wZ‡Z n‡Z n‡e

Zvn‡j Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †h, `vÕIqvZ, ZvejxM ev `xb cÖwZôvi Bev`Z cvjb Ki‡Z Avgv‡ì‡K ûeû ivm~jyjvn ()-
Gi AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e| `vÕIqvZ, ev `xb cÖwZôvi Bev`ZI hw` Zuvi mybœvZ ev c×wZi evB‡i cvwjZ nq Zvn‡j Zv cÖZ¨vL¨vZ
n‡e Ges Keyj n‡e bv|
wKš‘ cÖkœ n‡jv, Zvn‡j wK Avgv‡ì‡K †m hy‡Mi gZ D‡Ui wc‡V P‡o `vÕIqv‡Zi Rb¨ PjvPj Ki‡Z n‡e? Avgiv wK
†gvUiMvox, G‡iv‡cb BZ¨vw`‡Z `vÕIqv‡Zi Rb¨ PjvPj Ki‡Z cvie bv? Avgiv wK ïay gy‡L ev nv‡Z wj‡LB `vÕIqv‡Zi KvR Kie?
Avgiv wK AvaywbK gy`bª , gvBK, †iwWI BZ¨vw` B‡jKwU&ªK ev B‡jKUªwbK DcKiYvw` eënvi Ki‡Z cvie bv? wZwb `vÕIqv‡Zi Rb¨
†Kv‡bv KvwiKzjvg, wm‡jevm, mywbw`©ó eBcy¯—K, Kg©m~Px, mgq, w`b, gvm, ermi, ¯’vb ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv welq wba©viY K‡i †`b wb|
Zvn‡j wK Avgiv w`b, mgq ev ¯’vb wba©viY K‡i ev eBcy¯—K BZ¨vw` wba©viY K‡i `vÕIqv‡Zi Rb¨ †Kv‡bv KvwiKzjvg ev Kg©m~Px MÖnY
Kie bv?
5. 1. 4. Bev`Z I DcKi‡Yi cv_©K¨
welq¸wj eySvi Rb¨ Avgv‡ì‡K Bev`Z I Bev`‡Zi DcKi‡Yi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ eyS‡Z n‡e| Avwg ÔGnBqvDm mybvbÕ MÖ‡š’i
PZz_© I cÂg Aa¨v‡q G wel‡q h_vmva¨ we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbvi †Póv K‡iwQ| `vÕIqv‡Zi iZ gywgb‡K Avwg mweb‡q Aby‡iva Kie
eBwU covi Rb¨| GLv‡b Avgiv ms‡¶‡c ej‡Z cvwi †h, ivm~jyj-vn () hv K‡ib wb ev wba©viY K‡ib wb Zv KL‡bvB Øx‡bi
Ask, Bev`‡Zi Ask ev mvIqv‡ei Drm bq| Z‡e Zv Bev`Z cvj‡bi DcKiY n‡Z cv‡i|
Bev`Z cvj‡bi †¶‡Î wZwb †h mKj DcKiY ev c×wZ eënvi K‡ib wb Zv `y cÖKv‡ii| cÖ_g cÖKv‡ii DcKiY Zuvi hy‡M
we`¨gvb wQj ev †m hy‡M Zvi Rb¨ †m¸wj eënvi Kiv m¤¢e wQj, wKš— wZwb Zv eënvi K‡ib wb| G¸wj gywgb eënvi K‡ib bv; KviY
wZwb B‛Qvc~e©K Zv eR©b K‡i‡Qb| Ab¨ cÖKv‡ii DcKiY †h¸wj Zuvi hy‡M wQj bv, cieZ©xhy‡M D™¢vweZ n‡q‡Q| Bmjv‡gi Ab¨vb¨
wewaweav‡bi Av‡jv‡K gywgb Bev`Z cvj‡bi DcKiY wnmv‡e cÖ‡qvR‡b G ai‡bi DcKiY eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wKš‘ KLbB Gi
eënvi‡K Bev`Z ev Bev`‡Zi Ask e‡j g‡b Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| mvIqve wbf©i Ki‡e g~j Bev`Z cvj‡bi weï×Zv, e¨vcKZv I
Contents

MfxiZvi Dc‡i| G mKj DcKi‡Yi mv‡_ mvIqv‡ei mvgvb¨Zg m¤úK© _vK‡e bv|
`vÕIqvZ ev `xb cÖwZôvi †¶‡Î c×wZ I DcKi‡Yi mybœvZ I †Ljv‡d mybœvZ Ges G welqK wKQz fyjåvwš— GLv‡b
Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z PvB|
5. 2. `vÕIqv‡Zi Ôgvmb~bÕ c×wZ I DcKiY
Av‡`k, wb‡la, `xb cÖwZôv ev `vÕIqv‡Zi †h mKj DcKiY I c×wZ KziAvb-nv`x‡m D‡jL Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges ivm~jyj-vn
() eënvi K‡i‡Qb †m mKj Ôgvmb~bÕ ev mybœvZ m¤§Z DcKi‡Yi Ab¨Zg n‡jv 1. KziAvb, 2. nv`xm, 3. wnKgvn ev cÖÁv, 4.
my›ì Iqvh-Dc‡`k, 5. DrK…óZi c×wZ‡Z Av‡jvPbv-weZK©, 6. wRnv` I wKZvj, 7. AbyKiYxq Av`k© cÖwZôv, 8. Drmvn,
cyi¯‥vi I kvw¯—|
5. 2. 1. KziAvb gvRx`
KziAvb Kvixg wQj ivm~jyj-vn () Gi `vÕIqv‡Zi cÖavb I g~j DcKiY| Avj-vn myenvbvû Iqv ZvÔAvjv Kzi&Avb Kvix‡g
Zuv‡K KziAvb cvV K‡i `vÕIqvZ cÖ`v‡bi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| KvwdiMY‡K Øx‡bi `vÕIqvZ w`‡Z Ges gywgbMY‡K Øx‡bi `vÕIqvZ
w`‡Z Dfq †¶‡Î wZwb wb‡R m`v me©`v KziAvb cvV K‡i `vÕIqvZ cÖ`vb‡KB me©vwaK ¸i‚Z¡ cÖ`vb Ki‡Zb|
5. 2. 2. wnKgvn I nv`xm
KziAvb Kvix‡g evisevi ejv n‡q‡Q †h, gnvb Avj-vn Zuvi gnvb ivm~j ()-†K KziAv‡bi cvkvcvwk ÔwnKgvZÕ ev cÖÁv
`vb K‡i‡Qb Ges wZwb Zuvi D¤§vZ‡K KziAv‡bi cvkvcvwk cÖÁv wk¶v †`b Ges KziAv‡bi cvkvcvwk cÖÁvi gva¨‡g wZwb `vÕIqvZ
I `xb cÖwZôv K‡ib| (evKviv 129, 151, 231, 251; Avj-Bgivb 164; wbmv 113; Avnhve 34; RygyÔAvn 2)| ivm~jyj-vn ()-
‡K cÖ`Ë ÔwnKgvZÕ ev cÖÁv ev Zuvi AvRxe‡bi wk¶v nv`xm wn‡m‡e msKwjZ I msiw¶Z n‡q‡Q|
5. 2. 3. my›ì Iqvh
my›ì Iqvh wQj ivm~jyj-vn () -Gi `vÕIqv‡Zi Ab¨Zg DcKiY| KziAv‡b Zuv‡K Iqv‡hi gva¨‡g `vÕIqvZ †Ìqvi Rb¨
evisevi wb‡`©k †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| (m~iv wbmv 4; m~iv bvn&j 125)| KziAvb‡KI evisevi Iqvh wnmv‡e AwfwnZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| (m~iv
evKviv 275; m~iv BDb~m 57)
c om
t .
ivm~jyj-vn () -Gi ÔIqvhÕ Gi †¶‡Î j¶Yxq †h, Zuvi Iqvh wQj g~jZ KziAvb wbf©i| wewfbœ nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv †`L‡Z
us
cvB †h, wZwb e³…Zv, Iqvh, LyZev BZ¨vw` me wKQz‡ZB AwaKvsk †¶‡Î KziAvb cvV Ki‡Zb| G¸wj cvkvcvwk wKQz wnKgvn ev
t r
h
Dc‡`k wZwb cÖ`vb Ki‡Zb hv nv`xmiƒ‡c msKwjZ| Zuvi Iqv‡hi †¶‡Î ¯úóZv, Avš—wiKZv, K…wÎgZvnxbZv, mijZv, ms‡¶cb
BZ¨vw` •ewkó¨ j¶Yxq|
n a
sun
5. 2. 4. DrK…óZi c×wZ‡Z Av‡jvPbv-weZK©
. a s
DrK…óZi c×wZ‡Z Av‡jvPbv-weZK© Dc¯’vc‡bi †¶‡Î KziAvb Abb¨ MÖš’| Bn~`x, L„÷vb, †c․ËwjK wewfbœ Awek¦vmx
w
m¤cÖ`v‡qi wek¦vm, Kg©, AvPvi BZ¨vwì AmviZv, wfwËnxbZv Ges Bmjvgx wek¦vm I K‡g©i †h․w³KZv, cÖ‡qvRbxqZv I Kj¨vY
w w
AZ¨š— ü`qMÖvnx, mij I AvKl©Yxqfv‡e Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| G‡¶‡Î g~jbxwZB n‡jv cÖwZc‡¶i c×wZi †P‡q Ô`vÔqxÕi c×wZ
DrK…óZi n‡Z n‡e| fvlv, fve, webgªZv, eÜzfvevcbœZv, Avš—wiKZv, Dc¯’vcbv mKj w`K †_‡KB Zv n‡e DrK…óZi| cÖwZc‡¶i
m¤§vb cÖ`vb, Zvi fvj ¸Yvejxi cÖksmv, e¨w³MZ Avµgb eR©b, XvjvI Awf‡hvM eR©b BZ¨vw` KziAvbx weZK© Av‡jvPbvi
•ewkó¨| ivm~jyjvn () AvRxeb GB c×wZi AbymiY K‡i‡Qb|
5. 2. 5. wRnv` I wKZvj
`vÕIqv‡Zi GKwU KziAvb-mybœvn wb‡`©wkZ c×wZ I DcKiY n‡jv wRnv` I wKZvj| wRnv` A_© kª g, Kó, †Póv BZ¨vw`|
wKZvj A_© hy×| Z‡e Bmjvgx cwifvlvq mvaviYfv‡e wRnv` ej‡Z wKZvj ev hy× eySv‡bv nq| GQvov `vÕIqv‡Zi Kg©‡KI wRnv`
I m‡e©vËg wRnv` ejv n‡q‡Q|
KziAvb-nv`xm †_‡K Avgiv Rvb‡Z cvwi †h, wKZvj ev hy× ivóªxq dih| ivm~jyjvn ()-Gi ivóª cÖwZôvi gva¨g wQj
`vÕIqvZ| wRnv`-wKZvj iv‡óªi msi¶Y I wbivcËvi gva¨g| `vÕIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g g`xbvq Bmjvgx ivóª cÖwZôvi Av‡M Avjvn hy×
ch©v‡qi wRnv` •ea K‡ib wb| KziAvb I nv`x‡m wRnv` •ea nIqvi †h mKj kZ© D‡jL Kiv n‡q‡Q †m¸wji Ab¨Zg n‡jv: (1) iv‡óªi
Aw¯—Z¡, (2) iv‡óªi wbivcËv wewNœZ nIqv, (3) ivóªcÖav‡bi wb‡`©k, (4) †KejgvÎ mk¯¿ †hv×v‡ì mv‡_ hy× Kiv| ÒBmjv‡gi bv‡g
Rw½ev`Ó eB‡q Avwg G welqK AvqvZ I nv`xm¸wj Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ|
5. 2. 6. wbR AvPi‡Yi gva¨‡g DËg Av`k© ¯’vcb
ivm~jyj-vn () Gi `vÕIqv‡Zi Ab¨Zg DcKiY wQj wb‡Ri Rxe‡b Av`‡k©i m‡e©vËg ev¯—evq‡bi gva¨‡g ÔDmIqv nvmvbvÕ
ev AbyKiYxq Av`k© ¯’vcb Kiv| Bev`Z, e‡›`Mx, Avjvn-fxwZ, gvbeKj¨vY, m„wói †mev, mZZv, wek¦¯—Zv, mvnwmKZv BZ¨vw`
mKj †¶‡ÎB wZwb wQ‡jb m‡e©vËg Av`k©| `vÕIqv‡Zi mdjZvi G n‡jv cÖavb Dcvq|
5. 2. 7. Drmvn, cyi¯‹vi I kvw¯—
ivm~jyj-vn () Gi `vÕIqv‡Zi Ab¨ cÖavb w`K wQj Drmvn, cyi¯‥vi I kvw¯—| wZwb cÖkskbxq K‡g© wjß gvbyl‡ì‡K my›ì
Dcvwa, cÖksmv, m¤§vb, cyi¯‥vi BZ¨vwì gva¨‡g DrmvwnZ K‡i‡Qb| Aciw`‡K Ab¨v‡q wjß gvbyl‡ì kvw¯—cÖ`vb, K‡g©i wb›`v
BZ¨vwì gva¨‡g wbi‚rmvwnZ K‡i‡Qb| mgv‡R mr I Kj¨vYgywL gvby‡liv hw` Zv‡ì g~j¨vqb bv cvb ev mZZvi Kvi‡Y Zuviv
ewÂZ I Ae‡nwjZ nb Ges Amr gvby‡liv MjvevwR ev AmZZviv gva¨‡g cyi¯‥…Z nb Zvn‡j Avgv‡ì gy‡Li K_v mgv‡R b¨vq
cÖwZôv Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| gy‡Li Av‡`k wb‡la I `vÕIqv‡Zi b¨vq G ai‡bi cÖksmv, m¤§vb ev DrmvnI `vÕIqv‡Zi Ab¨Zg gvmb~b
Contents

c×wZ| cÖ‡Z¨K‡K‡B wb‡Ri ¶gZv I `vwqZ¡ Abymv‡i G w`‡K j¶¨ ivLv DwPZ|
`vÕIqv‡Zi Rb¨ G¸wj Ab¨Zg gvmb~b ev mybœvZ m¤§Z DcKiY| `vÕIqvZ-iZ gywg‡bi `vwqZ¡ n‡jv h_vm¤¢e gvmb~b
DcKi‡Yi mybœvZ m¤§Z eënv‡ii gva¨‡g `vÕIqv‡Zi Bev`Z cvjb Kiv|
5. 3. gvmb~b DcKi‡Yi wbwl× eënvi
D‡jL¨ †h, `vÕIqv‡Zi †¶‡Î Dc‡ii gvmb~b DcKiY¸wj A‡bK mgq Bmjvg-wbwl× c×wZ‡Z eënvi Kiv nq| Av‡eM
ev AÁZvi d‡j Ô`vÔqxÕ nqZ fv‡eb †h, wZwb Bev`Z Ki‡Qb ev mvIqv‡ei KvR Ki‡Qb| A_P wZwb g~jZ cv‡c wjß i‡q‡Qb|
5. 3. 1. Inx-ewnf©yZ K_v‡K Inxi bv‡g Pvjv‡bv
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, Bmjvgx `vÕIqvZ g~jZ Inx wbf©i| Avi G‡¶‡Î fq¼iZg Ab¨vq n‡jv Inxi bv‡g, A_©vr Avjvn ev Zuvi
ivm~‡ji () bv‡g wg_¨v ejv| wg_¨v me©ve¯’v‡ZB KwVb cvc| Avi Inxi bv‡g wg_¨v fq¼iZg cvc| `vÕIqv‡Z iZ gywgb wewfbœfv‡e
G KwVb cv‡c wjß n‡Z cv‡ib:
5. 3. 1. 1. Inxi bv‡g wg_¨v ejv
gvbexq K_v‡K Inxi bv‡g Pvjv‡bvi cÖavb c×wZ n‡jv Avjvn ev Zuvi ivm~j () hv e‡jb wb Zv Zv‡ì bv‡g ejv ev
Zuv‡ì bv‡g Kw_Z wg_¨v ev m‡›`nRbK K_v cÖPvi Kiv|
`vÕIqvZ †h‡nZz Inx wbf©i †m‡nZz `vÕIqvZiZ e¨w³ Pvb †h, Zvi `vÕIqv‡Zi c‡¶ Inxi evYx ïbv‡eb| Inxi †Kv‡bv
evYx bv †c‡j †KD‡KD kqZv‡bi cÖ‡ivPbvq gbMov ev‡bvqvU K_v‡K Avjvn ev Zuvi ivm~j () Gi K_v e‡j cÖPvi K‡ib|
Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g hyM †_‡K wg_¨v I ev‡bvqvU nv`x‡mi BwZnvm ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB †h, gvbyl‡ì‡K fvj c‡_
WvKv I Lvivc †_‡K weiZ ivLvi D‡Ï‡k¨B AwaKvsk Rvj nv`xm •Zix I cÖPvi Kiv n‡q‡Q| wewfbœ †bK Kv‡Ri dhxj‡Z I
wewfbœ cv‡ci kvw¯—i eY©bvq AMwYZ ev‡bvqvU K_v RvwjqvwZ K‡i nv`xm e‡j Pvjv‡bvi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q, gynvwÏmMY Zzjbvg~jK
wbix¶vi gva¨‡g †h mKj RvwjqvwZ DÑvUb I wPwýZ K‡i‡Qb|
kqZvb G mKj RvwjqvZ‡K eywS‡q‡Q †h, fvj c‡_ WvKvi Rb¨ KziAvb I mnxn nv`xm h‡_ó bq| Kv‡RB fvj D‡Ï‡k¨
m
Zzwg Avj-vn I Zuvi ivmyj ()-Gi bv‡g wg_¨v ej‡Z cvi| eZ©gvb hy‡MI `vÕIqv‡Zi †¶‡Î wg_¨v, Awbf©i‡hvM¨ I `ye©j nv`x‡mi
. c o
QovQvwo AZ¨š— †e`bvi mv‡_ j¶Yxq| †Kvb& nv`x‡m KZ †ewk dhxjZ, mvIqve ev kvw¯—i K_v ejv Av‡Q, A_ev †Kvb& nv`x‡m
t
t r s
KZ AvKl©Yxq Mí Av‡Q †mUvB ïay j¶¨ K‡ib A‡bK `vÔqx| | †Kvb& nv`x‡mi mb` KZUzKz kw³kvjx Zv we‡ePbv Ki‡Z Zuviv
u
AvMÖnx bb| Guiv nqZ fv‡eb, ïay KziAv‡bi AvqvZ I mnxn nv`xm w`‡q †evanq gvbyl‡K AvK…ó Kiv m¤¢e bq! Avjvn Avgv‡ì
i¶v Ki‚b|
n a h
sun
hy‡M hy‡M G cÖeYZv c~e©eZ©x D¤§vZ‡ì‡K aŸsm K‡i‡Q| KziAvb I nv`x‡m AZ¨š— KwVbfv‡e G cÖeYZv‡K wb‡la Kiv
s
n‡q‡Q| Avjvn e‡jb:
. a
w Kvnd:
AvÕivd: 37; BDb~m: 17; w wAvj-
ÒAvjvni bv‡g ev Avjvni m¤ú‡K©
n~`: 18;
†h e¨w³ wg_¨v K_v e‡j Zvi †P‡q eo Rvwjg Avi †K?Ó (AvbÔAvg: 21, 93, 144;
15; AvbKve~Z: 68; mvd&d: 7|)
KziAvb Kvix‡g GKvwaK ¯’v‡b bv-†R‡b, Av›`v‡R ev Abygvb wbf©i K‡i Avjvn, Avjvni `xb, weavb BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© †Kv‡bv
K_v ej‡Z wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| m~iv AvÕivd-Gi 33 Avqv‡Z Gikv` Kiv n‡q‡Q:
Òej, ÔAvgvi cÖwZcvjK wbwl× K‡i‡Qb cÖKvk¨ I †Mvcb AkxjZv Avi cvc Ges AmsMZ we‡ivwaZv Ges †Kv‡bv wKQz‡K
Avj-vni kixK Kiv- hvi †Kv‡bv mb` wZwb †cÖiY K‡ib wb, Ges Avjvni m¤^‡Ü Ggb wKQy ejv †h m¤^‡Ü †Zvgv‡ì †Kv‡bv Ávb
†bB|Ó
m~iv evKvivi 168-169 Avqv‡ZI Abyiƒc Gikv` Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Avjx (iv) e‡jb, ivm~jyjvn () e‡j‡Qb :
Ò†Zvgiv Avgvi bv‡g wg_¨v ej‡e bv; KviY †h e¨w³ Avgvi bv‡g wg_¨v ej‡e Zv‡K Rvnvbœv‡g †h‡Z n‡e|Ó (eyLvix I
gymwjg)
mvjvgvn Bebyj AvKIqv (iv) e‡jb: ivm~jyjvn () e‡j‡Qb :
ÒAvwg hv ewjwb Zv †h Avgvi bv‡g ej‡e Zvi Avevm¯’j n‡e Rvnvbœvg|Ó (eyLvix)
ÔAvkviv‡q gyevk&kvivnÕ-mn cÖvq 100 Rb mvnvex G A‡_© wewfbœ nv`xm ivm~jyj-vn () †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, mKj nv`x‡mi
A_© GKB, ivm~jyj-vn () hv e‡jb wb Zv Zvi bv‡g B‛Qvq, Awb‛Qvq ev Av›`vR- Abygvb K‡i ejv m¤ú~Y© wbwl× Ges Gi kvw¯—
Rvnvbœvg|
†Kv‡bv nv`x‡mi wbf©yjZvi wel‡q m‡›`n n‡j Zv nv`xm wnmv‡e MÖnY Kiv ev cÖPvi KivI wbwl×| hw` †KD hvPvB bv K‡i
Contents

hv ï‡b ZvB nv`xm e‡j MÖnY K‡i I eY©bv K‡i Zvn‡j nv`xm hvPvB‡q Zvi Ae‡njvi Rb¨ †m nv`x‡mi bv‡g wg_¨v ejvi cv‡c
cvcx n‡e| Dciš‘, hw` †Kv‡bv nv`x‡mi wbfyjZv m¤ú‡K© m‡›`n _vKv m‡Ë¡I †Kv‡bv e¨w³ †m nv`xm eY©bv K‡i Zvn‡j †mI wg_¨
nv`xm ejvi cv‡c cvcx n‡e| ivm~jyj-vn () e‡jb,
ÒGKRb gvby‡li cvcx nIqvi Rb¨ GZUzKzB h‡_ó †h, †m hv ïb‡e ZvB eY©bv Ki‡e|Ó (gymwjg) Ab¨ nv`x‡m wZwb e‡jb,
Ò†h e¨w³ Avgvi bv‡g †Kv‡bv nv`xm ej‡e Ges Zvi g‡b m‡›`n n‡e †h, nv`xmwU wg_¨v n‡Z cv‡i, †mI GKRb
wg_¨vev`x|Ó (gymwjg)
`vÕIqv‡Z iZ gywgbMY‡K G wel‡q AZ¨š— mZK© _vK‡Z n‡e| Avwg hw` AvRxeb GKwUI nv`xm bv ewj ev Avjvn I Zuvi
ivm~j () -Gi bv‡g wKQzB bv ewj Zvn‡j nqZ Avgvi †Kv‡bv †Mvbvn n‡e bv| wKš‘ Avwg `vÕIqv‡Zi KvR Ki‡Z †h‡q hw`
†Kv‡bv wg_¨v ev m‡›`nRbK nv`xm ivm~jyjvn () Gi bv‡g e‡j †dwj Zvn‡j nqZ Avgv‡K wg_¨vev`xiƒ‡c wKqvg‡Zi w`b DV‡Z
n‡Z cv‡i| Gi †P‡q jvÃbv Avi Kx n‡Z cv‡i!
A‡bK Ô`vÔqxÕ hv ï‡bb ev c‡ob ZvB nv`xm iƒ‡c e‡jb| Avgiv †`Ljvg †h, nv`x‡mi bv‡g wg_¨vPvi‡ii Rb¨ GUvB
h‡_ô| †Kv‡bv nv`xm MÖ‡š’ nv`xm co‡jI Zvi weï×Zv m¤ú‡K© wbwðZ bv n‡q Zv ejv DwPZ bq| eo‡Rvi ejv hvq †h, AgyK
MÖ‡š’ nv`xwU Av‡Q, Gi mb‡ì welq Avwg fvj Rvwb bv| Ôivm~jyj-vn () e‡j‡QbÕ ev Ônv`x‡m Av‡QÕ G K_vwU gy‡L D‛Pvi‡Yi
c~‡e© gywg‡bi DwPZ kZevi wPš—v Kiv|
AwaKvsk nv`xm-MÖ‡š’i msKjKM‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ wQj ivm~jyjvn ()-Gi bv‡g Kw_Z ev cÖPvwiZ ï× I Aï× mKj nv`xm mb`
mnKv‡i msKjb Kiv, †hb gvby‡liv mb‡ì Av‡jv‡K Zv wePvi K‡i MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| wKQy msL¨K gynvwÏm XvjvI msKjb bv K‡i
ïaygvÎ weï× nv`xm msKjb Kivi †Póv K‡ib| eyLvix I gymwj‡gi mKj nv`xm mnxn e‡j cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q| wZiwghx, Avey `vD` I
bvmvC msKwjZ AwaKvsk nv`xm mnxn ev nvmvb| Z‡e G¸wj‡Z A‡bK `ye©j nv`xmI i‡q‡Q, †h¸wji `ye©jZvi K_v msKjKMY
om
wb‡RivB D‡jL K‡i‡Qb| Ab¨vb¨ nv`xmMÖš’¸wj‡Z mnxn, hqxd, gvDh~ mKj cÖKv‡ii nv`xm msKwjZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
c
t .
Avgiv A‡bK mgq fvwe †h, AgyK eyRyM© nv`xmwU wj‡L‡Qb, wZwb wK wePvi bv K‡iB wj‡L‡Qb?! G wPš—v wVK bq| †Kv‡bv
s
ht r u
eyRyM© hw` Zuvi MÖ‡š’ †Kv‡bv nv`xm wj‡L nv`xmwU mnxn e‡j ¯úófv‡e D‡jL K‡ib Zvn‡j Zvi †idv‡i‡Ý nv`xmwU ejv †h‡Z cv‡i|
bB‡j ïaygvÎ †Kv‡bv MÖ‡š’ Av‡Q e‡jB †Kv‡bv nv`xm ej‡eb bv| nv`xmwU †Kvb& nv`xm MÖ‡š’ msKwjZ Ges nv`xmwUi mb` mnxn ev
n a
MÖnY‡hvM¨ wKbv †m wel‡q †gvUvgywU wbwðZ bv nIqv ch©š— †Kv‡bv nv`xm eY©bv bv KivB gywg‡bi Rb¨ wbivc`| wKqvg‡Zi w`b
sun
Avjvni ìev‡i Avgv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨K‡KB wbR K‡g©i wnmve wb‡RB w`‡Z n‡e|
a s
dhxj‡Zi †¶‡Î hqxd nv`x‡mi Dci Avgj Kiv hvq e‡j cÖPwjZ GKwU K_v Avgv‡ì‡K A‡bK mgq weåvš— K‡i| hqxd
.
w
nv`x‡mi Dci Avgj Kiv Avi hqxd nv`xm‡K ivm~jyj-vn ()-Gi K_v e‡j cÖPvi Kiv GK bq| A‡bK Av‡jg KZ¸wj kZ©
w w
mv‡c¶ dhxj‡Zi †¶‡Î hqxd nv`x‡mi Dci Avgj Kiv Rv‡qh e‡j‡Qb| kZ©¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:
(1). hqxd nv`xmwU Lye †ewk hqxd ev `ye©j n‡e bv|
(2). hqxd nv`xmwU‡K ivm~jyjvn  Gi K_v e‡j g‡b wbwðZ g‡b Kiv hv‡e bv| mveavbZvg~jKfv‡e Avgj Ki‡Z n‡e|
A_©vr g‡b Ki‡Z n‡e, nv`xmwU bexRx  -Gi K_v n‡ZI cv‡i, Kv‡RB cvi‡j Avgj Kwi|
Ab¨ A‡bK Av‡jg hqxd nv`x‡mi Dci Avgj Ki‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| †hLv‡b AmsL¨ mnxn nv`x‡m wb‡`©wkZ Kg© Kivi mgqB
AwaKvsk gymwjg cvb bv, †mLv‡b GmKj hqxd nv`xm we‡ePbv Kiv wVK bq| G Qvov Zuviv e‡jb †h, hviv hqxd nv`x‡mi Dci Avgj
Kiv Rv‡qh e‡j‡Qb Zuviv kZ© K‡i‡Qb †h, wek¦vm ev AvKx`vMZ wel‡q KL‡bvB hqxd nv`x‡mi Dci wbf©i Kiv hv‡e bv, ïaygvÎ K‡g©i
†¶‡Î mveavbZvg~jK Kg© Kiv hv‡e| wKš‘ ev¯—e Ae¯’v n‡jv wek¦vm I Kg© wewQbœ Kiv gykwKj| KviY hqxd nv`x‡mi Dci whwb Avgj
Ki‡Qb wZwb Aš—Z wek¦vm Ki‡Qb †h, GB Avg‡ji Rb¨ GB ai‡bi mvIqve cvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i| GRb¨ Gu‡ì g‡Z hqxd nv`xm, hv
ivm~jyj-vn  -Gi K_v bq e‡jB we‡ewPZ, Zvi wcQ‡b kªg e¨q A_©nxb| me©ve¯’vq, mKj Avwjg I gymwjg D¤§vn GKgZ †h, gvIhy ev
ev‡bvqvU nv`xm eY©bv Kiv ev Zvi Dci Avgj Kiv G‡Kev‡iB wbwl× I nvivg|
5. 3. 1. 2. e¨vL¨v‡K Inxi mv‡_ mshy³ Kiv
Inxi bv‡g wg_¨v ejvi Av‡iKwU c×wZ Avjvn ev Zuvi ivm~j () hv e‡j‡Qb Zvi Zvdmxi ev e¨vL¨v‡K Inxi Ask evwb‡q
†Ìqv, hv‡Z †kªvZv ev cvV‡Ki Kv‡Q g‡b nq, e¨vL¨vI †evanq Avjvn ev Zuvi ivm~‡ji () K_v|
Inx Avjvni evYx| Avi Zvdmxi ev e¨vL¨v gvby‡li K_v| †Kv‡bv e¨vL¨vB Inx bq| Kv‡RB e¨vL¨v‡K Inx †_‡K c„_K ivL‡Z n‡e|
GQvov Inxi e¨vL¨v Aek¨B mybœv‡Zi Av‡jv‡K Ki‡Z n‡e| wb‡R‡ì cQ›` Abyhvqx Ki‡j Zv Ace¨vL¨vq cwiYZ n‡e| `vÕIqv‡Z iZ A‡bK
gywgb B‛Qvq ev Awb‛Qvq G Ab¨v‡qi g‡a¨ wbcwZZ nb| KziAvb I nv`x‡mi evYx¸wji ZiRgv Kivi mgq Avgiv Avgv‡ì c×wZi Av‡jv‡K
Ggbfv‡e Abyev` Kwi †hb evYxwU Avgv‡ì c×wZB mg_©b Ki‡Q| †hgb ÔwRnv` ev wKZvj dx mvwewjjvnÕ welqK AvqvZ¸wj Avgiv Avg‡ì
cQ›`gZ ÔAvZ¥ïw×i †PóvÕ, ÔAv‡›`vjbÕ ev Ô`vÕIqvZÕ A‡_© Abyev` Kwi| Avgv‡ì DwPZ Abyev` I e¨vL¨v‡K me©`v c„_K ivLv|
5. 3. 1. 3. Abyev‡ì †¶‡Î ms‡hvRb ev we‡qvRb
Inxi bv‡g wg_¨v ejvi Z…Zxq c×wZ n‡jv, Abyev‡ì †¶‡Î kvwãK Abyev` bv K‡i Abyev‡ì mv‡_ wb‡Ri gbgZ wKQz ms‡hvM Kiv ev
wKQz ev` w`‡q Abyev` Kiv| †hgb Avgiv ewj, KziAv‡b Av‡Q, ÒAv`g hLb M›`g dj f¶Y Ki‡jb....Ó GLv‡b ÔM›`g djÕ K_vwU
AwZwi³ evov‡bv hv KziAv‡b ev nv`x‡m †Kv_vI †bB| Abyiƒcfv‡e Avgiv ewj, KziAv‡b Av‡Q, hLb hyjvBLv BDm~d (Av)-†K ej‡jb....Ó
Contents

(hyjvBLv) bvgwU Avgv‡ì K_v, KziAv‡bi K_v bq| Abyev‡ì mgq wb‡Ri cQ›` Abyhvqx wKQz ev` †ÌqvI GKB ch©v‡qi Aciva| Avjvn
I Zuvi ivm~j () Gi evYx me©ve¯’vq Av¶wiKfv‡e Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e| Gici Avgv‡ì e¨vL¨v, wk¶v BZ¨vw`‡K c„_Kfv‡e Dc¯’vwcZ
Ki‡Z n‡e|
5. 3. 1. 4. Øx‡bi bv‡g Abygvb wbf©i gZvgZ ev dvZIqv †Ìqv
Inxi bv‡g wg_¨v ejvi PZz_© c×wZ n‡jv, Avjvn ev Zuvi ivm~j () e‡j‡Qb wKbv †m wel‡q wbwðZ bv n‡q Av›`vR-Abygv‡bi
Dci wKQz ejv| AwaKvsk mgq Avgiv Av›`v‡RB ewj, G wVK bq, G Bmjv‡g _vK‡Z cv‡i bv, G Rv‡qh n‡Z cv‡i bv BZ¨vw`| Avgiv
A‡bK mgq `yB GKwU AvqvZ ev nv`x‡mi Dci wbf©i K‡iB e‡j †dwj, AgyK welq nvivg, ev AgyK welq Bmjv‡g †bB| G wel‡q
Avgv‡ì mZK© n‡Z n‡e| Avgiv hZUzKz Rvwb ZZUzKzB eje| bB‡j eje, G wel‡q ¯úó wKQz Avwg Rvwb bv|
5. 3. 2. Mí wbf©i Iqvh
Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, `vÕIqv‡Zi GKwU gvmb~b DcKiY n‡jv Iqvh| Iqvh Aek¨B KziAvb I nv`xm wbf©i n‡e| Iqv‡hi
bv‡g wg_¨v nv`xm, ev‡bvqvU Mí ev cieZ©x hy‡Mi eyRyM©M‡Yi bv‡g cÖPvwiZ Awbf©i‡hvM¨ ev mb`-wenxb Kvwnbx ejvi AMwYZ
¶wZi GKwU n‡jv KziAvb, nv`xm, ivm~jyj-vn () I mvnvexMY †_‡K gymwjg D¤§vn‡K `~‡i mvwi‡q †Ìqv|
5. 3. 3. SMov wbf©i weZK©
`vÕIqv‡Zi Rb¨, wewfbœ `vÕIqvZ †Kw›`ªK `‡ji g‡a¨ ev `vÕIqvZ we‡ivax‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv ev weZ‡K©i bv‡g SMov,
enm, we‡Ølg~jK weZK©, wnsmv ev N„Yv cÖPvi BZ¨vw` KwVb nvivg Kg© †hb bv NU‡Z cv‡i †m w`‡K `vÕIqvZ-iZ gvbyl‡ì mZK©
`„wó ivL‡Z n‡e| GLv‡b K‡qKwU welq ¸i‚‡Z¡i mv‡_ g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e|
cÖ_gZ: m~iv AvbKve~‡Zi 46 Avqv‡Z Avjvn Avgv‡ì‡K wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb †h, Avnjy wKZve ev Bn~`x-bvmviv‡ì mv‡_I
DËgfv‡e Qvov weZK© bv Ki‡Z| Zvn‡j gymwjg‡ì mv‡_ weZ‡K©i Avè †Kgb n‡Z cv‡i?
wØZxqZ: ivm~jyj-vn  wewfbœ nv`x‡m evisevi weZK© cwiZ¨vM Ki‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| G MÖ‡š’I Avgiv G A‡_© GKvwaK
nv`xm †`‡LwQ| †h e¨w³ wb‡Ri gZ mwVK †R‡bI weZK© cwiZ¨vM Ki‡e Avjvn Zvi Rb¨ Rvbœ‡Z evwo evwb‡q ivL‡eb e‡j wZwb
m
e‡j‡Qb| Ab¨vb¨ nv`x‡m `xb wb‡q SMov-weZK© weåvwš—i KviY e‡j wZwb Rvwb‡q‡Qb|
c o
Z…ZxqZ: evnvm ev SMov gvbyl‡K mZ¨ MÖn‡Yi c‡_ eo evav| weZ‡K©i †¶‡Î Dfq c¶ GKwU gZ MÖnY K‡i †m c‡¶ weZK©
t .
s
K‡ib| weZ‡K© †n‡i †M‡jI Zviv Zv gvb‡Z Pvb bv; KviY welqwU Ans‡eva I gh©v`vi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ n‡q hvq| gywgb‡ì `vwqZ¡ n‡jv
t r u
†Lvjv g‡bi Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g mwVK welq Rvbvi †Póv Kiv| Zv m¤¢e bv n‡j weZK© Gwo‡q wb‡Ri KvR Kiv I wfbœgZvej¤^x‡ì Rb¨
h
a
`yAv Kiv Avgv‡ì `vwqZ¡|
n
sun
5. 3. 4. wnKgvZ-Gi bv‡g A‣ea Kg©
s
wnKgvn-Gi bv‡g Bmjv‡g wbwl× †Kv‡bv gva¨g eënvi Kiv hvq bv| †Kv‡bv gnr D‡Ï‡k¨ †Kv‡bv cvc, Ab¨vq ev wbwl×
. a
Kg© Kiv Bmjv‡g •ea bq| wg_¨v ejv, g`cvb Kiv, †auvKv †Ìqv BZ¨vw` wbwl× Kg©‡K ÔwnKvgvnÕ e‡j `vÕIqv‡Zi gva¨g wnmv‡e
w
w
eënvi •ea bq|
w
5. 3. 5. wRnv` ev wKZv‡ji bv‡g gvivgvwi ev nZ¨v
wRnv`-wKZv‡ji bv‡g gvivgvwi ev nZ¨vKv‡Ê wjß nIqv ev AvBb I wePvi wb‡R‡ì nv‡Z Zz‡j †bIqv `vÕIqv‡Zi †¶‡Î
GKwU gvivZ¥K weåwš—| KziAvb-nv`x‡m †hgb wewfbœ Bev`‡Zi wb‡`©k †Ìqv n‡q‡Q, †Zgwb Bev`‡Zi Rb¨ kZ©vejx D‡jL Kiv
n‡q‡Q| AMwYZ ¯’v‡b bvgv‡hi wb‡`©k †Ìqvi cvkvcvwk `y-GKwU ¯’v‡b wKejv, cweÎZv, mZi, mgq, wbq¨Z BZ¨vw` k‡Z©i K_v
D‡jL Kiv n‡q‡Q| †KD hw` GmKj kZ© AeÁv K‡i B‛QvgZ bvgvh co‡Z _v‡Kb Zvn‡j Zv MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e bv|
wRnv`-wKZv‡ji †¶‡ÎI †Zgwb AMwYZ ¯’v‡b wb‡`©k cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| cvkvcvwk †Kv_vI †Kv_vI wRnv‡ì Rb¨ ivóª,
ivóªcÖavb, ivóªxq †NvlYv, mwÜ, AvZ¥mgc©b ev wRwhqvi my‡hvM cÖ`vb BZ¨vw` k‡Z©i K_v D‡jL Kiv n‡q‡Q| G mKj k‡Z©i evB‡i
wRnv` Ki‡j Zv Bev`Z n‡e bv, eis Bmjvg we‡ivax Kg© e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
iv‡óªi wbqš¿‡Yi evB‡i e¨w³MZfv‡e ev †MvôxMZfv‡e Kv‡iv wei‚‡× gvivgvwi, Ly‡bvLywb, wePvi ev kvw¯— KL‡bvB wRnv` bq|
G¸wj Bmjvg wbwl× dvmv`, wdZbv, mš¿vm, nZ¨v I gvby‡li ¶wZ Qvov wKQzB bq| Kv‡RB AgyK e¨w³ Bmjv‡gi we‡ivwaZv K‡i‡Q,
`vÕIqv‡Zi we‡ivwaZv K‡i‡Q ev Bmjvg we‡ivax K_v e‡j‡Q Kv‡RB †m Bmjv‡gi kÎ‚ Ges Zv‡K kvw¯— w`‡Z n‡e ev Zvi wei‚‡×
wRnv‡ì weavb cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e GB Av‡eMcÖm~Z wPš—v gywgb‡K weåvwš— I mvwe©K aŸs‡mi g‡a¨ wbcwZZ Ki‡e| G wel‡q
ÒBmjv‡gi bv‡g Rw½ev`Ó MÖš’wU co‡Z cvVK‡K Aby‡iva KiwQ|
5. 4. `vÕIqv‡Zi AvaywbK DcKiY
5. 4. 1. wgwWqv, wgwQj, niZvj BZ¨vw` AvaywbK DcKiY
`vÕIqv‡Zi Rb¨ †h mKj AvaywbK DcKiY eënvi Kiv nq ev Kiv hvq †m¸wji Ab¨Zg n‡jv KziAvb, mybœvn, Iqvh,
b¨v‡qi Drmvn, Ab¨v‡qi AvcwË BZ¨vwì Rb¨ cÎ-cwÎKv, †iwWI, †Uwjwfkb, I‡qemvBU I Ab¨vb¨ AvaywbK DcKiY I
B‡jKUªwbK wgwWqv eënvi Ges i¨vjx, wgwQj, niZvj, ag©NU, gvbeeÜb, wbe©vPb BZ¨vw` DcKiY eënvi Kiv|
5. 4. 2. AvaywbK DcKiY eënv‡ii kZ©vejx
G mKj DcKi‡Yi †¶‡Î wb‡gœi welq¸wj j¶Yxq :
cÖ_gZ, G DcKiY¸wj Bmjv‡gi wewaweav‡bi cwicš’x bv n‡j Zv cÖ‡qvRb I my‡hvMgZ eënvi Kiv hv‡e| Z‡e †m¸wj‡K KL‡bvB
Contents

Øx‡bi ev Bev`‡Zi Ask g‡b Kiv hv‡e bv| †KD †m¸wj eënvi bv Ki‡j Zv‡K wb›`v Kiv ev Zvi `vÕIqv‡Zi Bev`Z cvj‡b Î‚wU n‡‛Q e‡j
g‡b Kivi AeKvk †bB|
wØZxqZ, cÖ‡qvRb Abymv‡iB Zv eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e| G mKj DcKi‡Yi eënv‡i Agymwjg m¤cÖ`v‡qi AÜ AbyKiY
Aek¨B eR©bxq|
Z…ZxqZ, G mKj DcKi‡Yi eënv‡ii †¶‡ÎI Bmjvgx AvLjv‡Ki c~Y© Dcw¯’wZ Avek¨Kxq| Avš—wiKZv, fvjevmv, webgªZv,
eÜzfvevcbœZv, DrK…ó w`‡q g›` cÖwZ‡iva BZ¨vw` welq mKj Ae¯’vq cvjbxq| MxeZ, XvjvI Awf‡hvM BZ¨vw` mKj †¶‡ÎB eR©bxq|
A‡bK mgq Avgiv Iqvh, `vÕIqvZ, Zvdmxi, LyZev BZ¨vwì mgq Bmjvgx AvLjvK AbymiY Kwi| c¶vš—‡i wbe©vPb, Rbmfv, wgwQj,
i¨vjx BZ¨vwì mg‡q cvðvZ¨ ixwZi AbymiY Kwi| G¸wj‡Z Avgiv Kvwdi-dvwmK‡ì gZ R¡vjvI †cvovI, †f‡½ †dj, ¸wo‡q `vI
BZ¨vw` fvlv eënvi, wPrKvi, jvdvjvwd, MvjvMvwj, nv‡Z Zvwj BZ¨vw` Bmjvg- wbwl× Kg© K‡i _vwK| g‡b nq G¸wj‡Z Bmjvg
cvj‡bi cÖ‡qvRb †bB ev G¸wj Bmjvgx Kvq`vq Kiv hvq bv| Kvwdi dvwmK‡ì ¶gZvi ØÜ I gywg‡bi `vÕIqvZ I `xb cÖwZôv
KL‡bvB GKB AvLjv‡Ki n‡Z cv‡i bv|
5. 4. 3. niZvj, ag©NU, Ae‡iva, KzkcyËwjKv
AvaywbK DcKiY¸wj Aek¨B Bmjvgx wewaweav‡bi AvIZvq eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e| `vÕIqvZ, Av‡`k, wb‡la ev cÖwZev‡ì
bv‡g Bmjvg wbwl× †Kv‡bv KvR Kiv hvq bv| niZvj, ag©NU, Ae‡iva G RvZxq GKwU AvaywbK DcKiY, hv cvðvZ¨ RMZ †_‡K
Avgv‡ì g‡a¨ cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q Ges A‡bK mgq cvðv‡Zï AbyKi‡Y Bmjvg we‡ivaxfv‡e eëüZ n‡‛Q|
hw` †Kv‡bv mgv‡R mvgvwRK I ivóªxqfv‡e bvMwiK‡ì gZvgZ cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ wgwQj, niZvj BZ¨vwì cÖPjb I ¯^xK…wZ
_v‡K Zvn‡j †m mgv‡Ri Ô`vÔqxÕMY `vÕIqv‡Zi ev Av‡`k wb‡l‡ai Rb¨ nqZ Zv eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib, Z‡e Zv Aek¨B ¯^ZùyZ©
I Hw‛QK n‡j| niZvj, ag©NU, Ae‡iva, cÖwZev`mfv BZ¨vwì bv‡g iv¯—vNvU eÜ Kiv, KvD‡K Kó †Ìqv, †Rvic~e©K AskMÖnY
Kiv‡bv, Rvbgv‡ji ¶wZ Kiv, Kg©¯’‡ji AwaKvi bó Kiv BZ¨vw` meB KwVb nvivg Kg©| Abyiƒcfv‡e gywZ©, KzkcyËwjKv ev
KvU©ybgywZ© •Zwi Kiv, duvwm †Ìqv, †cvov‡bv BZ¨vwÌ Bmjvg-wbwl× Kg©| G¸wj cvðv‡Zï AÜ AbyKiY Qvov wKQzB bq|
c om
cvðvZ¨ ixwZ Abymv‡i niZv‡ji mgq Kg©Pvix I Kg©KZ©vMY KvR eÜ K‡i †`b| Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©‡k Kg©Pvix ev Kg©KZ©v Kg©`vZvi
t .
mv‡_ Pzw³ †gvZv‡eK cwic~Y© mgq Kg© Ki‡Z eva¨| wZwb Zuvi Pzw³ evwZj Ki‡Z cv‡ib, wKš‘ Pzw³e× _vKv Ae¯’vq Pzw³ f½ Ki‡Z cv‡ib
s
u
bv| Zvn‡j Ryjyg I gvby‡li n° bó Kivi cv‡c cwZZ n‡eb| wZwb Zuvi Kg©`vZvi Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZev` Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wKš‘ cv‡ci gva¨‡g
ht r
bq| Kg©`vZvi Ab¨v‡qi †¶‡ÎI wZwb Kg© bv K‡i UvKv wb‡Z cv‡ib bv| AvBbvbyM c×wZ‡Z Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZKvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Zvn‡j
n a
†h‡¶‡Î Kg©`vZvi †Kv‡bv Ab¨vq †bB, iv‡óªi ev Ab¨ Kv‡iv Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZev‡` wZwb Pzw³i †Ljvd K‡i KvR bv K‡i e‡m _vK‡eb Kx-
sun
fv‡e!
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GQvov G RvZxq Kg© A‡bK mgq D¤§v‡Zi Rb¨ ¶wZKi| Av‡gwiKv ev BmivB‡ji †Kv‡bv GKwU Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZev‡`
w
evsjv‡`‡ki gvbyl GKw`b niZvj-ag©NU cvjb Ki‡j Bn~`x‡ì †Kv‡bv ¶wZ n‡e bv| ¶wZ n‡e evsjv‡`‡ki RbMb I iv‡óªi|
w w
Giƒc Kg© KL‡bvB kixq‡Z •ea n‡Z cv‡i bv Ges †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB b¨vq cÖwZôvi ev Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZev‡ì Bmjvgx gva¨g n‡Z
cv‡i bv| we‡k¦i †h †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b gvRjyg gvbyl I cÖvYxi cÖwZ mg‡e`bv I Ryjy‡gii wb›`v Kiv gywg‡bi `vwqZ¡| Z‡e Zv Bmjvgx
AvLjvK I c×wZi AvIZvq Ki‡Z n‡e| MYgva¨‡gi eënvi, kvwš—c~Y© mgv‡ek, Rvwj‡gi Kv‡Q cÖwZev` cvVv‡bv, gvRjy‡gi
mvnv‡h¨ GwM‡q hvIqv BZ¨vw` A‡bK c×wZ i‡q‡Q hv Bmjvg m¤§Z|
cvðvZ¨ ÷vB‡j RvMwZK ¶gZvi Ø‡Ü wjß gvby‡liv ¯^fveZB nvjvj nviv‡gi †Zvqv°v Ki‡eb bv| wKš‘ `vÕIqvZ I `xb
cÖwZôvi K‡g© wjß gywgb‡K Aek¨B Avjvni wb‡`©k, ev›`vi n° BZ¨vwì welq ¸i‚‡Z¡i mv‡_ j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e| Avgv‡ì g‡b
ivL‡Z n‡e †h, Avgv‡ì cÖwZwU Kv‡Ri Rb¨ GKw`b Avjvni ìev‡i Pzj‡Piv wnmve w`‡Z n‡e| G `ywbqvi mvgvwRK Rxe‡b G
mKj n° bó Kiv nqZ Avgiv LyeB nvjKvfv‡e †`wL, KviY, †Kv‡bv Ab¨vq me©Î NU‡Z †`L‡j Zv Mv-mIqv n‡q hvq| wKš‘
Avjvni wnmv‡e Avgiv cvi n‡Z cvie wK?
5. 5. DcKiY ebvg Bev`Z: wewfbœ fyjåvwš—
cÖvPxb hyM †_‡KB gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ `vÕIqvZ ev `xb cÖwZôvi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi Rb¨ wewfbœ c×wZ, `j I g‡Zi m„wó
n‡q‡Q| G¸wj AwaKvsk †¶‡ÎB Kj¨vYKi I cÖ‡qvRbxq| cÖ‡Z¨‡KB KziAvb I nv`xm †_‡K wb‡R‡ì K‡g©i Aby‡cÖiYv MÖnY
K‡i‡Qb| cvkvcvwk hyM I cwi‡e‡ki Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK wKQz bZzb c×wZ ms‡hvRb K‡i‡Qb| mvaviYfv‡e G mKj c×wZ Bev`Z
wnmv‡e Pvjy Kiv nq wb| Bev`Z cvj‡bi mnvqK DcKiY wnmv‡eB G¸wj‡K Pvjy Kiv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ Kv‡ji AveZ©‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_
G mKj c×wZi Abymvixiv GmKj c×wZ‡K Bev`‡Zi Ask e‡j g‡b K‡i weåvwš— I `jv`wji g‡a¨ wbcwZZ n‡q‡Qb|
G mKj be D™¢vweZ `j ev c×wZi †¶‡Î `yBwU welq j¶Yxq:
cÖ_gZ, gvmb~b DcKiY¸wj cÖ‡qvRbvbymv‡i Ò†Ljv‡d mybœvZÓ-fv‡e mxwgZ Kiv ev wba©vwiZ Kiv| †hgb KziAvb, nv`xm,
Iqvh BZ¨vwì gva¨‡g `vÕIqvZ cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ ivmyjyjvn () †Kv‡bv wm‡jevm-cvV¨µg, mgq, ¯’vb ev c×wZ wba©viY K‡i †`b
wb| G mKj D™¢vweZ c×wZ‡Z cÖ‡qvRb Abymv‡i Zv wba©vwiZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| wba©vwiZ MÖš’vejx covi ev wba©vwiZ w`b, gvm ev eQi
a‡i ev wba©vwiZ mg‡q ev ¯’v‡b `vÕIqvZx Kg© Kivi eë¯’v Kiv n‡q‡Q|
wØZxqZ, G¸wji g‡a¨ cÖ‡qvRb Abymv‡i Ô†Ljv‡d mybœvZÕ ev ÔmybœvZ ewnf©yZÕ bZzb wKQz DcKiY ev c×wZ mshy³ Kiv
n‡q‡Q|
Contents

A‡bK mgq G cÖKv‡ii ms‡hvRb ev wba©vi‡Yi Rb¨ KziAvb-nv`xm †_‡K Aby‡cÖiYv †bIqv nq| †hgb Avjvn ivghv‡b GKgvm
†ivhv cvj‡bi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb, Kv‡RB Avgiv Avgv‡ì `vÕIqv‡Zi †Kvm© ÔGKgvmÕ wba©viY K‡iwQ| Gi g‡a¨ we‡kl eiKZ cvIqv
hv‡e| A_ev ivm~jyjvn () `k w`b BwZKvd Ki‡Zb, GRb¨ Avgiv Avgv‡ì Iqvh gvnwdj `kw`be¨vcx K‡iwQ| A_ev wZwb wnRiZ
K‡i wPi¯’vqxfv‡e g°v kixd Z¨vM K‡i g`xbvq Mgb K‡iwQ‡jb, GRb¨ Avgiv `vÕIqvZ, Iqvh ev `xb cÖwZôvi Rb¨ GK †`‡ki
gvbyl‡K wnRiZ K‡i Ab¨ †`‡k ¯’vqx emev‡mi eë¯’v Kwi| A_ev wZwb n‡¾i mgq Bniv‡gi Kvco cwiavb Ki‡Zb, GRb¨ Avgiv
Ô`vÔqxÕ‡ì‡K `vÕIqv‡Zi mgq Bniv‡gi Kvco cwiavb Kivi eë¯’v K‡iwQ|
G cÖKv‡ii Aby‡cÖiYvi fvj w`K _vK‡jI A‡bK mgq Zv we`ÔAvZ I mybœvZ we‡ivwaZvi Rb¥ †`q| †hgb, bvgvh Av`v‡qi
Rb¨ ivm~jyj-vn () ùvov‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb ev Drmvn w`‡q‡Qb| wKš‘ KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi Rb¨ wZwb Giƒc †Kv‡bv wb‡`©k ev
Drmvn †`b wb| wZjvIqv‡Zi Bev`Z wZwb Db¥y³fv‡e cvjb K‡i‡Qb| e‡m ev ùvwo‡q †h †Kv‡bv Ae¯’vq wZjvIqvZ Ki‡j mgvb
mvIqve cvIqv hv‡e| GLb hw` †KD g‡b K‡ib †h, bvgv‡hi Rb¨ ùvov‡bv dih ev DËg AZGe wZjvIqvZI ùvwo‡q Kiv DËg
ev ùvwo‡q wZjvIqvZ Ki‡j AwZwi³ mvIqve ev eiKZ cvIqv hv‡e, Z‡e wZwb Ô†Ljv‡d mybœvZÕ GKwU Kg©‡K Bev`‡Zi Ask g‡b
K‡i we`ÔAvZ I mybœvZ we‡ivwaZvq wjß n‡jb|
Avwg ÔGnBqvDm mybvbÕ MÖ‡š’ mybœvZ †_‡K we`ÔAv‡Z DËi‡Yi wewfbœ KviY I c×wZi Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| MÖš’wUi cÂg
Aa¨v‡qi cÂg c×wZi Av‡jvPbvq DcKiY‡K Bev`Z g‡b Kivi wewfbœ cÖeYZv we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| Avwg cvVK‡K
Avev‡iv mweb‡q Aby‡iva KiwQ eBwU co‡Z| GLv‡b ïaygvÎ GKwU wel‡qi cÖwZ cvVK‡ì `„wó AvKl©Y KiwQ|
eZ©gvb mg‡q A‡bK †bKKvi gywgb `vÕIqv‡Zi Kv‡R iZ i‡q‡Qb| mK‡jiB D‡Ïk¨ Avjvni c‡_ `vÕIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g
mgv‡Ri me©Î Bmjvg‡K cÖwZcvwjZ I cÖwZwôZ Kiv| G mKj Kv‡Ri g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ :
cÖ_gZ, bvg I cwifvlv eënv‡i| ZvhwKqv, Av‡›`vjb, BKvg‡Z `xb, ZvejxM, wRnv`, gv`ªvmv, Iqvh BZ¨vw` wewfbœ bvg
eënvi Kiv n‡‛Q|
wØZxqZ, `vÕIqv‡Zi welqe¯‘ wba©vi‡Y| Cgvb AvKx`v, wk¶v, AvZ¥ïw×, e¨w³MZ Kg©, mgvR †mev, ivR‣bwZK cwieZ©b
m
BZ¨vw` G‡KK `j G‡KK welq‡K †ewk ¸i‚Z¡ w`‡‛Qb|
. c o
Z…ZxqZ c×wZ‡Z| wewfbœ `j wewfbœ c×wZ‡Z KvR Ki‡Qb| c×wZ¸wj †Kv‡bvwUB ûeû Ôgvmb~bÕ c×wZ bq|
t
t r s
G mKj c×wZ‡Z `vÕIqvZ I `xb cÖwZôvq iZ A‡b‡KB GmKj Ô†Ljv‡d mybœvZÕ ev ÔmybœvZ ewnf©yZÕ c×wZ I DcKiY‡K g~j
u
Bev`Z Ô`vÕIqvZÕ-Gi Ask g‡b Ki‡Qb Ges wewfbœ weåvwš—i g‡a¨ wbcwZZ n‡‛Qb|
n a h
cÖ_gZ, G‡K A‡bï `vÕIqv‡Zi Bev`Z cvwjZ n‡‛Q bv e‡j g‡b Ki‡Qb| †KD nqZ Iqvh, MÖš’iPbv, gv`ªvmv BZ¨vw` gva¨‡g
sun
`vÕIqv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Qb, wKš‘ Ab¨ c×wZi `vÔqx fve‡Qb, †h‡nZz wZwb Avgvi c×wZ‡Z KvR Ki‡Qb bv, †m‡nZz Zvi
s
Ô`vÕIqv‡ZiÕ Bev`Z cvwjZ n‡‛Q bv|
. a
wØZxqZ, A‡bK mgq G‡K A‡bï †Kv‡bv Bev`ZB n‡‛Q bv e‡j g‡b Ki‡Qb| †h‡nZz H e¨w³i Ò`vÕIqvZÓ ev Ò`xb cÖwZôvÓ
w
w w
bvgK B cvwjZ n‡‛Q bv, †m‡nZz Zvi Ab¨ †Kv‡bv dih, mybœvZ I bdj Bev`Z Keyj n‡‛Q bv| Kv‡RB Avgvi c×wZi evB‡i hviv i‡q‡Qb
Zv‡ì bvgvh, †ivhv, n¾, whwKi, wZjvIqvZ, Zvnv¾y` BZ¨vw` meB g~j¨nxb ev Ac~Y©|
G mKj weåvwš—i Ab¨Zg KviY n‡jv be D™¢vweZ †Ljv‡d mybœvZ DcKiY ev c×wZ‡K g~j Bev`‡Zi Ask g‡b Kiv|
Avgv‡ì DwPZ c×wZi †P‡q gyj Bev`‡Zi w`‡K †ewk j¶¨ ivLv, wb‡Ri Bev`Z Keyj n‡‛Q wKbv †mw`‡K †ewk j¶¨ ivLv Ges
mKj gymwjg I mKj `vÔqx‡K Avjvni Iqv‡¯— fvjevmv|
me‡P‡q `ytLRbK n‡jv G mKj Kvi‡Y `jv`wji Rb¥ †bIqv| KziAvb I nv`x‡m D¤§vni g‡a¨ BdwZivK ev `jv`wj KwVbfv‡e
wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q| ÒKziAvb-mybœvni Av‡jv‡K Bmjvgx AvKx`vÓ MÖ‡š’ Avwg G welqK AvqvZ I nv`xm we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| Bmjv‡g
gZ‡f` _vK‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ `j‡f` _vK‡Z cv‡i bv| e¯‘Z Avgv‡ì GKwUB `j Av‡Q, Zvi bvg ÒBmjvgÓ| mKj gymwjg Avjvni `j
Ges mKj Kvwdi kqZv‡bi `j| kqZv‡bi `j‡K gywgb Ab¨ `j e‡j g‡b K‡ib| †Kv‡bv gymwjg‡K Ab¨ gymwjg Ab¨ `j e‡j g‡b
Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| c×wZMZ ev gZvgZMZ cv_©‡Kï Kvi‡Y gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨ `jv`wj I wefw³ wbtm‡›`‡n AZ¨š— †e`bv`vqK welq|
†kl K_v
m¤§vwbZ cvVK, `vÕIqv‡Zi c~Y©Zv, Keywjq¨Z I mdjZvi Rb¨ `vÔqx gyevwjM‡ì cvi¯úwiK m¤cÖxwZ, gneŸZ I HK¨
cÖ‡qvRb| gnvb Avjvn Avgv‡ì‡K `xb cÖwZôv Ki‡Z Ges `jv`wj-gZ‡f` bv Ki‡Z wb‡`©k w`‡jb| wKš‘ Avgiv `jv`wj
gZ‡f‡` wjß i‡qwQ| Avgiv mK‡jB H‡Kï K_v ejwQ| wKš‘ HK¨ n‡‛Q bv †Kb?
A‡bK KviY _vK‡Z cv‡i| GKwU KviY n‡jv, Avgiv cÖ‡Z¨‡KB wb‡Ri `vwq‡Z¡i †P‡q A‡bï `vwq‡Z¡i K_v †ewk wPš—v
KiwQ| cÖ‡Z¨‡KB g‡b KiwQ, G wefw³ ev wew‛QbœZvi Rb¨ Avwg ev Avgvi `j `vqx bq, eis AgyK ev ZgyK `vqx| Z‡e cÖK…Z
K_v n‡jv Avgiv mK‡jB Kg‡ewk Acivax| Avgv‡ì cÖ‡qvRb, wb‡Ri `vwq‡Z¡i w`‡K †ewk j¶¨ ivLv| A‡bïv Avgvi wei‚‡×
hvB Ki‚K, Avwg mKj `vÔqx‡K fvjevme, mevB‡K Avgvi Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©x I Avgvi Kv‡djvi mv_x e‡j g‡b Kie| m¤¢e n‡j
A‡bï fyjÎ‚wU fvj‡e‡m ms‡kva‡bi †Póv Kie| bB‡j Avjvni Kv‡Q Zv‡ì ms‡kva‡bi †`vqv Kie| wb‡Ri `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b Avwg
m‡Pó _vKe|
HK¨ ej‡Z mKj `vÔqx GKB gv`ªvmvq cov‡eb ev GKB c×wZ‡Z `vÕIqvZ w`‡eb e‡j Avgiv Avkv Ki‡Z cvwi bv| GKB
kn‡i KziAvb wk¶vi wewfbœ KvwiKzjvg I c×wZi A‡bK¸wj gv`ªvmv _vK‡Z cv‡i| meviB D‡Ïk¨ KziAvb wk¶v| Z‡e c×wZi Î‚wU I
Contents

wk¶K‡ì Avg‡ji Î‚wU _vK‡Z cv‡i| Zv m‡Ë¡I mK‡ji g‡a¨ gneŸZ I ÔGKB Kv‡djvi mnhvÎxÕ-i AbyfywZ _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| m¤¢e
n‡j ci¯ú‡ii fyjÎ‚wU fvj‡e‡m ms‡kvab Kivi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e| bv n‡j KziAv‡bi Lv‡`g wnmv‡e Î‚wUmnB fvjevm‡Z n‡e| bv n‡j
cÖ‡Z¨‡K wb‡Ri gZ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ hw` mKj gv`ªvmvi QvÎ-wk¶KMY me©`v ci¯ú‡ii c×wZ I K‡g©i †`vlÎ‚wUi mÜvb,
Avwe®‥vi I cÖPv‡i e¨¯— _v‡Kb Zvn‡j wK KziAv‡bi wL`gZ fvjfv‡e n‡e?
gnvb Avjvn `qv K‡i `vÕIqv‡Zi gq`v‡b Kg©iZ mK‡ji fyjÎ‚wU ¶gv Ki‚b, Zuv‡ì cÖ‡Póv Keyj Ki‚b Ges m‡e©vËg
cyi¯‥vi cÖ`vb Ki‚b|
`vÕIqvZ welqK GB ¶z`ª Av‡jvPbvi GLv‡bB BwZ UvbwQ| Gi g‡a¨ hw` †Kv‡bv Kj¨vYKi wKQz _v‡K Z‡e Zv Avgvi Ki‚Yvgq
cÖwZcvjK Avj-vn Rvj-v Rvjvjyûi GKvš— `qv| Avi Gi g‡a¨ fyjåvwš— hv Av‡Q Zv meB Avgvi wb‡Ri `ye©jZv I kqZv‡bi cÖeÂbvi
Kvi‡Y| Avwg Avjvni Kv‡Q ¶gv cÖv_©bv KiwQ| mKj cÖksmvB Zuvi| mvjvZ I mvjvg Zuvi wcÖqZg nvexe I Ljxj gynv¤§v`yi ivm~jyjvn
(), Zuvi cwiRb, mnPi I AbymvixM‡Yi Dci|
c om
s t .
ht r u
n a
a s sun
w.
w w
MÖš’Kvi iwPZ Ab¨vb¨ MÖ‡š’i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:
1. KziAvb-mybœvni Av‡jv‡K Bmjvgx AvKx`v
2. GnBqvDm mybvb: mybœv‡Zi cybi‚¾xeb I we`ÔAv‡Zi wemR©b
3. nv`x‡mi bv‡g RvwjqvwZ: cÖPwjZ wg_¨v nv`xm I wfwËnxb K_v
4. iv‡n †ejvqvZ: ivm~jyjvn ()-Gi whK&i-Ihxdv
5. gymjgvbx †bmve: AviKv‡b Bmjvg I Ihxdv‡q ivm~j ()
6. evsjv‡`‡k Dki ev dm‡ji hvKvZ : ¸i‚Z¡ I cÖ‡qvM
7. mnxn nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K mvjvZzj C‡ì AwZwi³ ZvKexi
8. gybvRvZ I bvgvh
9. mnxn gvmb~b Ihxdv
10. Avjvni c‡_ `vIqvZ
11. Bmjv‡gi bv‡g Rw½ev`: Av‡jvwPZ I Abv‡jvwPZ KviYmg~n
12. KziAvb-mybœvni Av‡jv‡K †cvkvK, c`©v I †`n-m¾v
13. (eyn~myb dx Djywgj nv`xm)
14. A Woman From Desert
15. ivm~jyj-vn ()-Gi †cvkvK
16. LyZevZzj Bmjvg: RygyAvi LyZev I mgKvjxb cÖm½
17. gymbv` Avng` (Bgvg Avng` iwPZ): e½vbyev` (AvswkK)
18. Bhnvi‚j n° (Avj-vgv kvBL ivngvZzj-vn wKivbex iwPZ): e½vbyev`
19. wdKûm mybvwb Iqvj Avmvi (gydZx Avgxgyj Bnmvb iwPZ): e½vbyev`
c o m
20. Bgvg Ave~ nvbxdv (ivn)-Gi Avj-wdKûj AvKevi: e½vbyev` I e¨vL¨v
s t . Ki‚b:
msMÖn ev civg‡k©i Rb¨ †hvMv‡hvM
t r u
†gv. evnvDÏxb, g¨v‡bRvi, Avm-mybœvn cvewj‡KkÝ, Rvgvb amycvihgv‡K©U (3q Zjv), we. we. †ivW (†cv÷ Awd‡mi †gvo).
1.
u n
n`vi‚m mvjvg, wgicyi, XvKv-1216| †dvb bs 02-9009738| †gvev.
†gv. Avãyj gwgb Bkvqv‡Z Bmjvg KzZzeLvbv,s2/2
wSbvB`n-7300| †gvevBj bs 01711-152954, 01922-137921|
2.
. a s
01199083652|
w wBmjvg KzZzeLvbv, 66, c¨vwi`vm †ivW, evsjvevRvi XvKv-1100| †gvev. 01916267324,
01715592651| w
3. †gv. Av‡bvqvi †nv‡mb, Bkvqv‡Z

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mybœv‡Zi Av‡jv‡K gywg‡bi Rxeb-1

Avj­vni c‡_ `vÕIqvZ

W. †Lv›`Kvi Avãyj­vn Rvnv½xi

Avj­vni c‡_ `vÕIqvZ

cÖ_g cÖKvk: 1425 wnRix/ 2004 Cmvqx (BkvAv‡Z Bmjvg KzZzeLvbv)

Jhenidah-7300. February 2009. Price TK 35.00

Avj­vni c‡_ `vÕIqvZ 6

Avj­vni c‡_ `vÕIqvZ 7

Avj­vni c‡_ `vÕIqvZ

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Òivm~jM‡Yi `vwqZ¡ †Zv ïaygvÎ my¯úó evYx cÖPvi Kiv|Ó

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5. 1. 3. `vÕIqv‡Zi KvRI mybœvZ c×wZ‡Z n‡Z n‡e

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