ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009:
IBC earthquake provisions are different than UBC
Use ASCE 7-10 is permitted by IBC 2009
The ASCE-10 provisions referenced in the following slides
are therefore applicable to IBC 2009
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009:
Design ground motion parameters are determined from
mapped values of Ss and S1 rather than the seismic zone
factor Z
Ss and S1 are specified on the seismic hazard maps prepared
by the United States Geological Survey (USGS)
Classification of Buildings and Other Structures:
Based on the nature of occupancy, according to Table 1.5-
1 of ASCE 7-10
Used in wind, earthquake, snow, flood, and ice provisions
Range from I to IV
‘I’ is for structures with a low risk to human life in the
event of failure and IV is for essential facilities
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009: Seismic Hazard Maps
Maximum Considered Earthquake Ground Motion for the U.S. (Ss)
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009: Seismic Hazard Maps
Maximum Considered Earthquake Ground Motion for the U.S. (S1)
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009: Occupancy Category
Table 1.5-1 Risk Category of Buildings and Other Structures
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009:
Importance Factors:
ASCE-7 assigns seismic importance factors I according to the
occupancy category
Used to increase the design base shear for structures in OC III
and IV
ASCE 7-10 Table 1.5-2, Importance Factors
Occupancy Category Importance Factor I
I and II 1.0
III 1.25
IV 1.50
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009:
Site Class:
Determined ASCE 7-10 TABLE 20.3-1, Site Classification
Site Class Vs N or Nch Su
from the soil A. Hard rock >5,000 ftls N/A N/A
properties, as B. Rock 2,500 to 5,000 N/A N/A
given in Table ft/s
20.3.1 C. Very dense soil 1,200 to 2,500 >50 >2,000 psf
and soft rock ft/s
D. Stiff soil 600 to 1,200 15 to 50 1,000 to
A set of six site ft/s 2000 psf
classifications, E. Soft clay soil <600 ft/s <15 <1,000 psf
Any profile - Moisture - Undrained
A through F with more than content w shear
Based on the 10 ft of soil 40٪, and strength Su <
having the 500 psf
average following
properties of characteristics:
- Plasticity
the upper 30 index PI > 20,
meter of soil F. Soils requiring site See ASCE 7
response analysis Section 20.3.1
in accordance with
ASCE 7 Section 21.1
For SI: 1 ft/s = 0.3048 m/s, 1 lb/ft2 = 0.0479 kN/m2
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009:
Site Coefficients Fa and Fv:
Determined from Tables 11.4-1
and 11.4-2 ASCE 7-10 Table 11.4-1, Site Coefficient Fa
Design Spectral Acceleration
Parameters SDs and SD1:
SDS = 2/3 SMS
SD1 = 2/3 SM1
where
ASCE 7-10 Table 11.4-2, Site Coefficient Fv
SMS = Fa Ss
SM1 = Fv S1
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009:
Seismic Design Category:
Determined from Tables 11.6-1 and 11.6-2 according to the
occupancy category and coefficient SDS and SD1
Use the more severe
ASCE 7-10 Table 11.6-1, Seismic Design Category
SDC based on OC and SDs
If Ss < 0.167 and S1 <
0.067, use Seismic
Design Category
(SDC) A low
seismicity
ASCE 7-10 Table 11.6-2, Seismic Design Category
If S1 0.75, use SDC based on OC and SD1
(E) or (F)
You may designed
according to Seismic
Design Category C
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009:
Seismic Design Category (Cont’d):
Comparison between UBC-97 seismic zones and ASCE 7-
10 seismic design categories
Note that:
UBC-97 seismic zones depend on the site seismicity only
ASCE 7-10 seismic design categories depend on the site
seismicity, soil class and occupancy category
Seismic provisions Seismic zone / Seismic design category
Seismic risk Low Medium High
Seismic Zone Seismic Zone Seismic Zone
UBC 1997
0, 1 2A and 2B 3, 4
ASCE 7-10 and
SDC A, B SDC C SDC D, E, F
IBC 2009
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009:
Design Requirements for Seismic Design Category A:
Structures shall be analyzed for the effects of the following
static lateral forces: Fx = 0.01 Wx
where
Fx = design lateral force applied at story x, and
Wx = portion of the total dead load of the structure located at
Level x
Analytical Modeling:
Seismic weight W is the total dead load, weight of equipments
and 25% of the live load in storage areas (LL in parking
structures is not included)
Stiffness of concrete and masonry elements are from cracked
sections
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009:
Analysis Procedure Selection:
Based on the Seismic Design Category, structural system,
dynamic properties, and regularity.
ASCE 7-10 Table 12.6-1
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009:
Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure:
Seismic Base Shear V
V = Cs W
where
W = the effective seismic weight
Cs = the seismic response coefficient = SDS / (R/I)
and
R = the response modification factor from Table 12.2-1
I = the occupancy importance factor
Cs should not exceed: where TL is obtained
SD1 / [ T (R/I) ] for T TL from Figs. 22-1 to 22-
18 (ASCE 7, 2010)
SD1 TL / [ T2 (R/I) ] for T > TL
TL= 8 for the UAE
Cs should not be less than 0.044SDs I 0.01
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009:
Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure (Cont’d):
Response Modification Factor R from ASCE 7-10 Table 12.2-1
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009:
Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure (Cont’d):
Fundamental Period
Ta = Ct hnx
where hn is the height and Ct and x are from Table 12.8-2.
The fundamental period, T, shall not exceed Cu . Ta
ASCE 7-10 Table 12.8-2
= 1.4 in UBC 1997
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009:
Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure (Cont’d):
Distribution of V
The lateral seismic force (Fx) at any level is determined from:
Fx = Cvx V &
where
Cvx = vertical distribution factor,
wi and wx = seismic weight located at level i or x
hi and hx = the height (ft or m) from the base to Level i or x
k = an exponent related to the structure period as follows:
- k = 1 if T 0.5 sec,
- k = 2 if T 2.5 sec,
- k = 2 or determined by linear interpolation between 1 & 2
if T between 0.5 and 2.5 sec
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009:
Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure (Cont’d):
Story Drift Limit
The drift shall be amplified by Cd/I
Cd is the drift amplification factor from Table 12.2-1
xe is the drift determined from elastic analysis
ASCE ASCE 7-1012.2-1
7-10 Table Table 12.12-1, allowable story drift
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009: Example
A 30-story RC residential building located in a medium seismicity
area (e.g. Abu Dhabi, UAE). The lateral-load-resisting system is a
bearing walls system (ordinary RC shear walls), as shown in the
following figure. The following information is available:
[two basements + G. story + 27 typical stories]
Building height hn = (2 x 3.2) + (1 x 4.5) + (27 x 3.2) = 97.3 m
Permanent loads = self weight + 4.0 kN/m2 (partitions, etc…).
Total Permanent load can be assumed equal to 8 kN/m2
Live load is 2.0 kN/m2 except for stairs, which is 4.8 kN/m2.
Fundamental period T from a computer analysis = 2.6 secs
Layout dimensions = 30.2 m × 42 m
Soil type Stiff soil
Using the ASCE 7-10 Equivalent Lateral Procedure, determine the
base shear V, distribution of seismic forces on the building, story
shear, maximum overturning moment, and allowable interstory drift
at each story.
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009: Example (cont’d)
42.0 m
8.4 m 8.4 m 8.4 m 8.4 m 8.4 m
3.0 m
P11 P12 P12 P12 P12 P11
8.4 m
RC shear
walls
P15 CB3 P15
CORE1
CORE2
CORE1
CORE2
24.2 m
7.4 m
CB2
P15 P15
CB3
8.4 m
Flat slab system
~
3.0 m
P11 P12 P12 P12 P12 P11
30-story building layout
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009: Example (cont’d)
Solution:
Occupancy Category Residential building OC II
Importance factor I = 1.0
Mapped acceleration parameters for Abu Dhabi
Use SS = 0.6 & S1 = 0.24 & TL = 8 sec
Soil type Stiff soil Class D
From Tables 11.4-1 and 11.4-2 Fa = 1.32, Fv = 1.92
SMS = Fa Ss = 1.32 x 0.6 = 0.792,
SM1 = Fv S1 = 1.92 x 0.24 = 0.461
Design Spectral Acceleration Parameters:
SDS = 2/3 SMS = 0.528 & SD1= 2/3 SM1 = 0.307
Seismic Design Category from Tables 11.6-1 and 11.6-2
SDC “D” You may use “C” for the UAE (medium seismicity region)
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009: Example (cont’d)
Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure:
Seismic Base Shear V = Cs W
where
W = the effective seismic weight
Seismic weight wx of each story = 8 x 30.2 x 42 = 10147.2 kN
Seismic weight W of the building = 30 x 10147.2 = 304416 kN
Cs = the seismic response coefficient = SDS / (R/I)
where
R = the response modification factor from Table 12.2-1
The lateral-load-resisting system is bearing walls system
(ordinary RC shear walls) R = 4.0
I = the importance factor = 1
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009: Example (cont’d)
Cs = 0.528/ (4/1) = 0.132
Cs should not exceed:
SD1 / [ T (R/I) ] for T TL 8.0 sec
SD1 TL / [ T2 (R/I) ] for T > TL
Fundamental period = Ta = Ct hnx = 1.51 sec
T from a computer analysis = 2.6 sec > (1.4 x 1.51 = 2.1)
Use T = 2.1 sec < TL
SD1 / [ T (R/I) ] = 0.307 / (2.1 (4/1)) = 0.0366
Cs should not be less than 0.01
use Cs = 0.0366
Seismic Base Shear V = 0.0366 x 304416 = 11141.6 kN
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009: Example (cont’d)
Distribute V as a force at each story level Fx = Cvx V &
where
2.5 > T > 0.5 sec get k by interpolation ~ 1.8
Distribute the forces (6) = V x (5)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)= (3) x (4) wi x hik
Level Height hi (m) hi k(m) Weight wi (kN) wi x hik Fx
Roof 97.3 10147.2
29 94.1 10147.2
1 3.2 10147.2
Foundation 0 0 0
= 304416 wi x hik =V
ASCE 7-10 & IBC 2009: Example (cont’d)
Calculate the story shear and overturning moment
x ≤ 2.0% 0.02 x story height
(1) (2) (6) (7) (8) = (6) x (2) (9)
Level Height h (m) Fx Story shear Overturning Allowable x
moment
Roof 97.3 F30 6.4 cm
29 94.1 F29 6.4
6.4
9 cm for G
1 3.2
Foundation 0 V
