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Logarithms Notes

1) Logarithms are defined for positive real numbers a, b where a > 0 and b > 1. Always check that the base and argument are defined after solving logarithm equations. Reject solutions where a ≤ 0 or b ≤ 0. 2) Use index laws to change logarithms from one base to another. 3) Common bases are loge for natural logarithms and log10 for base 10 logarithms. e = 2.718... is not an unknown.

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Sharon Chua
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1K views3 pages

Logarithms Notes

1) Logarithms are defined for positive real numbers a, b where a > 0 and b > 1. Always check that the base and argument are defined after solving logarithm equations. Reject solutions where a ≤ 0 or b ≤ 0. 2) Use index laws to change logarithms from one base to another. 3) Common bases are loge for natural logarithms and log10 for base 10 logarithms. e = 2.718... is not an unknown.

Uploaded by

Sharon Chua
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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For be

log to defined
11
,

logab a ,b > 0 and bit 1

Always make sure defined


log is after
solving log eqn ,

soln if b
reject .
a or < 0 .

That
logo
2) How from log form for.m
to
change to index

Ecac
108k¥
Use this when side has but
one
log
the other side doesn't .

LOGARITHMS
3) In :
loge 1g :
109,0
Remember e = 2.718 . .
,
it is not an unknown .

LOGLAWS

1 1
=

logaa
10gal
2 = 0

logax
3
=
Clogab Power Law

4 logabc X + = Product Law

loga logaxy
logasyt
logcx
logay
5
Quotient Law
logay
-
=

6 of base
=
Change
a law

Note :
iolgax
logxa = .
POWER LAW → logabc =
Clogab
use this only when the
power belongs to .
the entire base .

"
Eg .

logaxy = 4
logaxy ×

logaxy
4
logacxy ) = 4 ✓

PRODUCT LAW & QUOTIENT LAW

:i¥
Yosiexxtteosaiiii
DO not confuse these with logacxty ) logacx y -
)
,

Or IOGAK lygacxty
) ¥ logaktlogay

logay
09am y) t logax logay
} Image
- -

loses .+y§a÷y

CHANGE OF BASE LAW

logax =
logcx
logca
Use this when the question has log with different bases .

Often used
together with substitution .

Eg logakt 109k£

=3
log ,ca2¥
.

Note

105>92
=3
+
Yosgxxxa dog
car ,

so when u= log ,ca ,


1

+
Zlogax 2=1 it
toga log ,
a

Let u=
logxa
u± + Zu =3

a + 2u2=3u
Zci -34+1=0
.

:
If a + b = C
,

No !
1g a + lgb =
lgc X

if
similarly , lgatlgb =
lgc ,

*
Can't remove
log
NO ! at b = C X when there are 2 terms
•
.

or more .

NO ! 1g ( at b) =
lg C X You cannot factorise

log out .

• correct
Way :
lgab =
lgc ✓
Use
product lawto
at = C combine into single 1

first .

If lgatlgb =
lgct 3

Method I / Method 2

lgc =3

[email protected]
-

lgab lgct IGIOOO


lg(¥
=

) =3 Index
lgab =
IGIOOOC
form
at 1000C
acts 103
.

=
=

at = 1000C

If 3 "= 81
but what if 32<=80
zx= 34
k=4 1g 324-1580
klg3 =
1g 80

k = 1580 Press

÷ 3 calculator .

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