Microprocessor & Interfacing (BELL/BETL-504)

QUESTION BANK / TUTORIAL

UNIT-1
RISC, CISC and 8086 architecture

1. What are RISC and CISC Microprocessors? Give the power supply & clock frequency of 8086
2. What are the functions of an accumulator?
3. List the 32 – bit registers of 8086 microprocessor
4. List few applications of microprocessor-based system
5. List the allowed register pairs of 8086
6. Mention the purpose of SID and SOD lines
7. What is an Opcode?
8. What is the function of IO/M signal in the 8086?
9. What is an Operand?
10. How many operations are there in the instruction set of 8086?
11. List out the five categories of the 8086 instructions. Give examples of the instructions for
each group?
12. Explain the difference between a JMP instruction and CALL instruction
13. Explain the purpose of the I/O instructions IN and OUT.
14. What is the difference between the shifts and rotate instructions?
15. How many address lines in a 4096 x 8 EPROM CHIP?
16. What are the control signals used for DMA operation
17. What is meant by Wait State?
18. List the four instructions which control the interrupt structure of the 8086 microprocessor.
19. What is meant by polling?
20. What is meant by interrupt?
21. Explain priority interrupts of 8086.
22. What is a microcomputer?
23. What is the signal classification of 8086?
24. What are operations performed on data in 8086
25. Steps involved fetching a byte in 8086
26. How many interrupts does 8086 have, mention them.
28. Define instruction cycle, ma chine cycle and T-state
29. What is an instruction?
30. What is the use of ALE?
31. How many machine cycles does 8086 have, mention them
32. Explain the signals HOLD, READY and SID
33. Mention the categories of instruction and give two examples for each category.
34. Explain LDA, STA and DAA instructions.
35. Explain the different instruction formats with examples
36. What is the use of addressing modes, mention the different types?
37. What is the use of bi-directional buffers?
38. Give the register organization of 8086
39. Define stack and explain stack related instructions
40. Why do we use XRA A INSTRUCTION?
41. Compare CALL and PUSH instruction
42. What is Microcontroller and Microcomputer?
43. Define Flags in 8086 Processor.
 UNIT-2
Intel 8086 programming and Instruction set

OBJECTIVE TYPE
1. The instruction, “INC” increases the contents of the specified register or memory location by
a) 2
b) 0
c) 1
d) 3

2. The instruction that subtracts 1 from the contents of the specified register/memory
location is
a) INC
b) SUBB
c) SUB
d) DEC

3. The instruction that enables subtraction with borrow is

a) DEC
b) SUB
c) SBB
d) None of the mentioned

4. In the RCL instruction, the contents of the destination operand undergoes functions
a) carry flag is pushed into LSB & MSB is pushed into carry flag
b) carry flag is pushed into MSB & LSB is pushed into carry flag
c) auxiliary flag is pushed into LSB & MSB is pushed into carry flag
d) parity flag is pushed into MSB & LSB is pushed into carry flag.

5. The instruction that is used as prefix to an instruction to execute it repeatedly until the
CX register becomes zero is
a)SCAS
b)REP
c)CMPS
d)STOS

6. Match the following

a) MOv SB/SW 1) loads AL/AX register by content of a string
b) CMPS 2) moves a string of bytes stored in source to destination
c) SCAS 3) compares two strings of bytes or words whose length is stored in CX
register.
d) LODS 4) scans a string of bytes or words
a)a-3,b-4,c-2,d-1
b)a-2,b-1,c-4,d-3
c)a-2,b-3,c-1,d-4
d)a-2,b-3,c-4,d-1

7. The instructions that are used to call a subroutine from a main program and return to
the main program after execution of called function are
a)CALL,JMP
b)JMP,IRET
c)CALL,RET
d)JMP,RET

8. The instruction that unconditionally transfers the control of execution to the specified
address is
a)CALL
b)JMP
c)RET
d)IRET

9. Which instruction cannot force the 8086 processor out of ‘halt’ state?
a)Interrupt
b)Reset
c)both interrupt request and reset
d)Hold

10.NOP instruction introduces

a)Address
b)Delay
c)Memory location
d)None

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE

(A).
Q1. What is BIOS function call in 8086 Microprocessor?
Q2 What is the different clock frequencies used in 80286?
Q3.In 8086 which interrupt has the highest priority among all the the interrupts.
Q4. What is Microprocessor?
Q5. What is an Opcode?
Q6. How many operations are there in the instruction set of 8086?
Q7.Define bus.
Q8.What is the purpose of the microprocessor?
Q9. Define Pentium proessor.
Q10.How many bits flag register consists?
Q11. Define assembly language of microprocessor 8086?
Q12.What is accumulator.
Q13. Draw the 8086 flag register format.
Q14.Write add command of microprocessor 8086.
Q15. What is RISC.

(B).
Q1. Give any four pin definitions for the minimum mode.
Q2.Explain pipelining in 8086 architecture?
Q3. Give the register set of 80286?
Q4.What is super scalar architecture?
Q5.Draw the diagram of bus timing in minimum mode?
Q6. What is multiprogramming?
Q7.Write a program of addition of two numbers?
Q8.Draw internal diagram of architecture?
Q9. What are pointers and index registers?
Q10. How is the physical address calculated?
Q11. What are the functions of status pins in 8086?
Q12. Define pipelining?
Q13. . What is the effect of executing the instruction?
MOV CX, [SOURCE_MEM]
Where SOURCE_MEM equal to 2016 is a memory location offset relative to the current data
segment starting at address 1A00016

Q14.Discuss silent features of CISC?

Q15. Explain the functions of following 8086 signals.
1. HLDA 2. RQ/GTO 3. DEN 4. ALE

SHORT ANSWER TYPE

Q1.Explain the superscalar architecture of Pentium with block diagram.

Q2.Compare RISC and CISC.
Q3.Explain working of 8284 a clock generator.
Q4.Explain the use of segment registers in 8086 microprocessor .what is size of segment registers and
memory they can access?
Q5.Difference between 80286 and 80486 microprocessor.
Q6.Explain the maximum mode of operation?
Q7. What are the advantages of segmented memory?
Q8.Explain register set of 8086.
Q9.Explain 8254 clock generator pin diagram.
Q10. Differentiate between minimum and maximum mode.
Q11. Explain the three machine control flags.
Q12.Name different instruction format of 8086 microprocessor.
Q13.Write an assembly language program to check whether a string is palindrome or not?
Q14.To generate a square wave of 1 khz at one of the bit of output port. An 8086 microprocessor is
running at 5 mhz. show delay calculation.
Q15. Write down the addressing modes of 80386 with examples.
LONG ANSWER TYPE

Q1. Draw and explain the functional block diagram of Pentium processor.
Q2.Write a program to add two 16 bit numbers using 8086 instructions.
Q3. Calculate the memory address of next instruction in real mode:
CS=1000H and IP=2000H
DS=1000H and DI=2000H
SS=2300H and BP=3200H
Q4. Explain the working of internal architecture of 80386.
Q5. What do you understand by the word length of a microprocessor and where it is used? Why is 8086
known as advance microprocessor?
Q6. Explain the function of unsigned multiplication and Division instructions in 8086 with
suitable examples.
Q7. Write 8086 assembly language program to perform the following
a. To move a string of words from offset 1000h to offset 6000h. The
Length of the string is 0Ch.
b. To add an array of bytes. The array contains 50bytes.
Q8. Describe any five addressing modes of 8086 with suitable examples.
Q9.(a).Briefly describe the memory management of 80386. Is cache used in this processor?
(b).Can the Pentium be used as RISC processor? If yes, how ? if no , why?
Q10.What type of memory management is used in 808386 and 80486 processor , discuss in details.
Q11. Write a 8086 ALP to sort an array of ten bytes in ascending order. Add comments to
your Program.
Q12. Compare Procedure & Macro. What is the maximum memory size that can
be addressed by 8086?
Q13. Write in detail about instruction formats and instruction execution timing?
Q14. Write a short note about
(i)Loop, NOP and HLT instructions
(ii) Flag manipulation, logical and shift& rotate instructions?
Q15.Write the difference between 80186,80286,80486 and Pentium processor.
 Unit3
Introduction to Various Interfacing Chips
OBJECTIVE TYPE

1. I/O hardware contains:

a) bus
b) controller
c) I/O port and its registers
d) all of the mentioned

2. Process that periodically checks status of an I/O devices, is known as

A. Cold swapping.

B. I/O instructions.

C. Polling.

D. Dealing.

3.. A unit on bus that initiates bus requests is called

A. Slave.

B. Controller master.

C. Striping.

D. Bus master.

4. A scheme in which portions of I/O address space are given to I/O devices, is called

A. Data mapped.

B. Memory-mapped I/O.

C. Backplane.

D. both a and b.

5. The advantage of memory mapped I/O over I/O mapped I/O is,
a) Faster
b) Many instructions supporting memory mapped I/O
c) Require a bigger address decoder
d) All the above
6. BHE of 8086 microprocessor signal is used to interface the
a) Even bank memory
b) Odd bank memory
c) I/O
d) DMA
7. In 8086 microprocessor the following has the highest priority among all type
interrupts.
a) NMI
b) DIV 0
c) TYPE 255
d) OVER FLOW
8. In 8086 microprocessor one of the following statements is not true.
a) Coprocessor is interfaced in MAX mode
b) Coprocessor is interfaced in MIN mode
c) I/O can be interfaced in MAX / MIN mode
d) Supports pipelining
9. 8088 microprocessor differs with 8086 microprocessor in
a) Data width on the output
b) Address capability
c) Support of coprocessor
d) Support of MAX / MIN mode
10. Address line for TRAP is?
a) 0023H b) 0024H c) 0033H
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE

Q1. Name any two type of ADC’S.

Q2. What is setting or conversion time in DAC?
Q3. What is the use of 8251 chip?
Q4. Define A/D converters.
Q5.Explain A/D and D/A conversion techniques.
Q6. Write the advantage of memory mapped i/o over i/o mapped i/o.
Q7.Port A of the 8255 is set in mode 1 and the status word is read as 18H. Is there an error in status
word?
Q8. Explain the pin Diagram of ADC.
Q9.Explain counter latch and read back commands of 8254 programmable peripheral interface.
Q10. Explain how to convert an analog signal into digital signal

SHORT ANSWER TYPE

Q1. What is handshake port? What are the functions performed by 8251?
Q2. What are the signals used in input control signal & output control signal?
Q3. What is the use of modem control unit in 8251?
Q4. Write the features of mode 0 in 8255?
Q5. What are the basic modes of operation of 8255?
Q6.Discuss the 8- bit operation via a PPI 8255 A working in mode 1 strobe input mode. Draw
timing waveform also.

Long Answer Type Question

Q1. Design a circuit to interface an 8-bit D/A converter with an 8-bit microprocessor and verify
the analog output for a digital signal.
Q2. Explain With a neat block diagram, explain in detail the internal architecture of 8255 and its
registers.
Q3. Explain the following control words of 8251 with suitable examples, i) Mode word ii) Command
word.
Q4.Write down the control word to configure 8255 in mode o with port A as output and port B in input
mode. WAP to read port B and display the result at port A. Port A=8000H.
Q5. Why do we need A/D converter and D/A converter? Draw the block diagram to interface 8085
microprocessor with A/D convertor and D/A convertor?
.
 Unit 4
General Purpose Programmable Peripheral Interface Chips
OBJECTIVE TYPE

1When hardware is accessed by reading and writing to the specific memory locations, then it is
called
a) port-mapped I/O
b) controller-mapped
I/O c) bus-mapped I/O
d) none of the mentioned

2Which hardware triggers some operation after certain programmed count?

a) programmable interval timer
b) interrupt timer
c) programmable timer
d) none of the mentioned
3The device-status table contains
a) each I/O device type
b) each I/O device address
c) each I/O device state d)
all of the mentioned

4 Which buffer holds the output for a

device? a) spool
b) output
c) status
d) magic
5 Which one of the following connects high-speed high-bandwidth device to memory
subsystem and CPU.
a) expansion bus
b) PCI bus
c) SCSI bus
d) none of the mentioned
6 A process is moved to wait queue when I/O request is made with
a) non-blocking I/O
b) blocking I/O
c) asynchronous I/O
7 Which converters convert binary number into their equivalent voltages:
a. Analogue to analogue
b. Analogue to digital
c. Digital to digital
d. Digital to analogue
8 An external feedback resistor acts to control the:
a. Gain
b. Gate
c. Loss
d. Profit
9. Which used to generate accurate time delays and can be used for other timing application
such as a real time clock an event counter a digital one shot a square wave generator and a
complex wave form generator:
a. 8251 programmable timer
b. 8255 programmable timer
c. 8254 programmable timer
d. 8259 programmable timer
10. 8254 programmable timer counter has two inputs signals:
a. CLK
b. Gate
c. Both a & b
d. None of these

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE

(A).
Q1. Define PPI.
Q2. Define USART.
Q3. What is key debouncing?
Q6. What are the modes used in keyboard modes?
Q7. What are the modes used in display modes?
Q8. What is a control word?
Q9.what is PPI.
Q10. Write the function of crossbar switch?
Q11.What is interfacing.
Q12. What is asynchronous data transfer?
Q13.What is handshaking?
(B).
Q1. What is memory mapping? What is I/O mapping?
Q2. What is the maximum access time of ROMs such that it does not require wait states when 8086
operates at 8 MHz?
Q3.Draw the neat diagram of 8279 programmable keyboard display interface.
Q4.What is the function of ppi.
Q5.Define chip selection generation . Also write function of this.
Q6. Explain the advantages of using the USART chips in microprocessor based systems.
Q7.Write different modes of PPI.
Q8.Explain 8254 programmable peripheral interface?
Q9. How BSR MODE is useful in controlling the interrupt initiated data transfer
for mod1 and mode2 ?

SHORT ANSWER TYPE

Q1.Discuss the utility of handshaking signals during data transfer through 8255 PPI.
Q2.Explain dynamic RAM interfacing .
Q3.Discuss the difference between memory mapped I/O and programmed I/O.
Q4.Draw the waveform of each mode of 8254 timer.
Q5. What are the differences in interfacing RWMs while 8086 is in minimum and maximum modes?
Q6.why USART is made. explain it.
Q7. What are the modes used in keyboard modes?
Q8. Explain how static RAM are interfaced to 8086.
Q9. Explain advantages of the SRAM and DRAM memories.

LONG ANSWER TYPE

Q1. Write instruction to be generating a pulse every 50 microsecond from counter 0. Clock
frequency of 8254 is 2 Mhz.
Q2. Explain the block diagram of the 8279 Keyboard/Display interface and its operations.
3
Q3. What are the steps in interfacing peripherals with the micro processor?
Q4. What are the differences in interfacing RWMs while 8086 is in minimum and maximum modes?
Q5. Write the instruction sequence to re-initialize the above 8251 in synchronous mode with even
parity, single SYNC character and 8-bit character size.
Q6. Explain the transmission and reception of serial data using 8251 indicating the function
of various registers in it.
Q7. Describe the various modes of 8285 PPI. How can it be programmed for bidirectional data transfer?
Q8. Write instructions to generate 1 khz square wave from counter 1 of 8254 timer operating at 2 MHz.
Q9. Draw the Block diagram of DAC and explain the functions of each block.

Q10. Discuss how memory chips and I/O devices are interfaced to a microprocessor.
 UNIT5
Microcontrollers 8051

OBJECTIVE ANSWER TYPE

1. 8051 series of micro controllers are made by which of the following companies? a)
Atmel b) Philips c) none of the mentioned d) both of the mentioned

2. AT89C2051 has RAM of:

a) 128 bytes b) 256 bytes c) 64 bytes d) 512 bytes

3. 8051 series has how many 16 bit

registers? a) 2 b) 3 c) 1 d) 0

4. When 8051 wakes up then 0x00 is loaded to which register?

a) DPTR b) SP c) PC d) PSW

5. When the micro controller executes some arithmetic operations, then the flag bits of which
register are affected?
a) PSW b) SP c) DPTR d) PC

6. How is the status of the carry, auxiliary carry and parity flag affected if write
instruction MOV A,#9C
ADD A,#64H
a) CY=0,AC=0,P=0 b) CY=1,AC=1,P=0 c) CY=0,AC=1,P=0 d) CY=1,AC=1,P=1

7. How are the bits of the register PSW affected if we select Bank2 of
8051? a) PSW.5=0 and PSW.4=1
b) PSW.2=0 and PSW.3=1
c) PSW.3=1 and PSW.4=1
d) PSW.3=0 and PSW.4=1

8. If we push data onto the stack then the stack pointer

a) increases with every push
b) decreases with every push
c) none of the mentioned
d) both of the mentioned
9.On power up, the 8051 uses which RAM locations for register R0- R7
a) 00-2F b) 00-07 c) 00-7F d) 00-0F

10. How many bytes of bit addressable memory is present in 8051 based micro
controllers? a) 8 bytes
b) 32 bytes
c) 16 bytes
d) 128 bytes

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE

(A).

Q1. Why 8051 is called 8 bit microcontroller?

Q2.What is the function of microcontroller?
Q3.Explain an embedded system.
Q4. Give the alternate functions for the port pins of port3?
Q5. Name the special functions registers available in 8051.
Q6. Specify the single instruction, which clears the most significant bit of B
Q7. Define DPTR.
Q8. What is the purpose of PSW register?
Q9.Why microcontroller is called bit and byte processor?
Q10. Define clock cycle.
Q11. Define machine cycle.
Q12.Give examples of smart card embedded system.
Q13. What is use of EA pin?
Q14. Why oscillator circuit is used?
Q15. WHAT IS SFR?

(B).
Q1. State the function of RS1 and RS0 bits in the flag register of intel 8051 microcontroller?
Q2. Explain the function of the pins PSEN and EA of 8051.
Q3.Mention the different fields in assembly language instructions? raw the Architecture of 8051.
Q4. Mention two assembler directives?
Q5.State the purpose of ISR and IVT?
Q6.What are the components of embedded system?
Q7. What is operand field?
Q8. How many bit addressable locations are placed in internal RAM of 8051?
Q9. Find the timers clock frequency for the crystal frequency of 11.0592MHz?
Q10. How will you double the baud rate in 8051?
Q11. List out the Hardware Resources available in 8051.
Q12. . Write a program to load accumulator a,DPH and DPL with 30H?
Q13. Explain the functions of each bit of SCON and PCON register
Q14. What is RS 232C?
Q15. What are registers used for serial communication in 8051?
SHORT ANSWER TYPE

Q1. Write a program using 8051 assembly language to change the date 55H stored in the
lower byte of the data pointer register to AAH using rotate instruction.
Q2. Compare Microprocessor and Microcontroller.
Q3. What is the operation carried out when 8051 executes the
instruction MOVC A,@A+DPTR?
Q4. Write an ALP to arrange the given set of ‘n’ numbers in ascending order.
Q5.What is dog timers. What are program layer in embedded C software?
Q6. Describe the following SFR of microcontroller of 8051 microcontroller.
TMOD,TCON,SCON,DPTR
Q7.What are the various flags available with 8051 microcontroller?
Q8. Write a program based on 8051 instruction set to pack array of unpacked BCD digits.
Q9. Draw the oscillator circuit and also draw the 8051 timing diagram.
Q10. Explain the two power saving mode of operation.
Q11. With the interfacing diagram, explain the operation of delay.
Q12. Write a delay routine for 1 millisecond using timer 0 of 8051 for 12 MHz crystal frequency.
Q13.Differentiate between embedded system and Microcontroller.
Q14. What are the instructions used to access external RAM?
Q15. What are single bit instructions? Give example.

LONG ANSWER TYPE

Q1.Defines system on chip with example give any two uses of VLSI design circuits?
Q2.Write an ALP of 8051 to count the number of positive numbers.
Q3.WAP to sort the list in descending order.
Q4.Draw the block diagram of 8051 microcontroller and explain it.
Q5. List the components of a contact less smart card embedded system and explain its working.
Q6.Explain any one embedded system in detail.
Q7.What methods are used for interfacing of various control devices using Embedded systems.
Q8. Discuss the peripheral interface of 8051.
Q9. Explain the different serial communication modes in 8051.
Q10. With the help of a functional block diagram explain any one application of
8051 microcontroller.
Q11. With example explain the arithmetic and logic instruction of 8051 microcontroller
Q12. Explain about the register banks and special function register of 8051 in detail.
Q13. Explain the arithmetic and logic instruction of 8051 microcontroller. With 12 MHz clock
frequency how many instructions (of 1 machine cycle and 2 machine cycle) it can execute
per second?
Q14.Explain in detail pin diagram of 8051.
Q15.Differentiate 8051 and X96 series of microcontrollers with examples.