Chapter 1: Rational numbers

Page number: 3
Exercise 1A

Question 1.
a a am
Solution: If is a fraction and m is a non-zero integer, then  .
b b bm
3 3  4 12
(i)  
5 5 4 20
3 3  6 18
(ii)  
5 5  6 30
3 3  7 21
(iii)  
5 5 7 35
3 3  8 24
(iv)  
5 5  8 40

Question 2.
a a am
Solution: If is a fraction and m is a common divisor of a and b , then  .
b b bm
42 42  14 3
 
98 98  14 7

Question 3.
a a am
Solution: If is a fraction and m is a common divisor of a and b , then  .
b b bm
48 42  12 4
 
60 98  12 5

Question 4.
a
Solution: A rational number is said to be in standard form if a and b have no common
b
divisor other than unity and b > 0.
Thus,
12 12  6 2
(i)  
30 30  6 5
14 14  7 2
(ii)  
49 49  7 7
24 24  8 3
(iii)  
64 64  8 8
 36 36  9 4
(iv)  
63 63  9 7

Question 5.
Solution:
3
(i) is a positive rational number.
8
3
 >0
8

2
(ii) is a negative rational number.
9
2
 <0
9

3
(iii) is a negative rational number.
4
3
 <0
4
1
Also, is a positive rational number.
4
1
 >0
4
3 1
 <
4 4

(iv) Both have same denominators. So that we can directly compare the numerators
5  4
 <
7 7
2 2 4 8
(v)  
3 3  4 12
3 3 3 9
 
4 4  3 12
8 9
 <
12 12
2 3
 <
3 4
 1 11 1
(vi)  
2 2 1 2
1 1 2 2
 
1 1 2 2
 1 2
 <
2 2
1
1 <
2

Question 6.
Solution:
(i) L.C.M. of denominators 3 and 7 is 21.
4 4  7 28
 
3 3 7 21
8 8  3 24
 
7 73 21
28 24
 <
21 21
4  8
 <
3 7

(ii) L.C.M. of denominators 9 and 8 is 72.

7 7  8 56
 
9 98 72
5 5  9 45
 
8 8 9 72
56 45
 <
72 72
7  5
 <
9 8

(iii) L.C.M. of denominators 3 and 5 is 15.

1 1  5 5
 
3 3  5 15
4 4  3 12
 
5 5 3 15
5 12
 >
15 15
  1 4
 >
3 5

(iv) L.C.M. of denominators 13 and 12 is 156.

9 9 12 108
 
13 13 12 156
7 7 13 91
 
12 12 13 156
108 91
 <
156 156
9 7
 <
13 12

(v) L.C.M. of denominators 5 and 10 is 10.

4 4  2 8
 
5 5  2 10
7 7 1 7
 
10 10 1 10
8  7
 <
10 10
4  7
 <
5 10

(vi) L.C.M. of denominators 5.

3 3  5 15
 
1 1 5 5
12
5
15 12
 <
5 5
12
3 <
5

Question 7.
Solution:
3 6
(i) >
7 13
5 35
(ii) =
13 91
 13
(iii) 2 >
5
2 5
(iv) <
3 8
3
(v) 0 <
5
8 9
(vi) >
9 10

Question 8.
Solution:
(i) L.C.M. of 9,12, 18 and 3 is 36.
4 4  4 16
 
9 9 4 36
5 5  3 15
 
12 12  3 36
7 17  2 14
 
18 18  2 36
2 2  12 24
 
3 3  12 36
24 16 15 14
< < <
36 36 36 36
2  4  5  7
 < < <
3 9 12 18

(ii) L.C.M. of 4,12, 16 and 24 is 48.

3 3 12 30
 
4 4 12 48
5 5  4 20
 
12 12  4 48
7 7  3 21
 
16 16  3 48
9 9  2 18
 
24 24  2 48
36 21 20 18
< < <
48 48 48 48
 3 7 5 9
 < < <
4 16 12 24
(iii) L.C.M. of 5, 10, 15 and 20 is 60.
3 3 12 36
 
5 5 12 60
7 7  6 42
 
10 10  6 60
11 11 4 44
 
15 15  4 60
13 13  3 39
 
20 20  3 60
44 42 39 36
< < <
60 60 60 60
11 7 13 3
 < < <
15 10 20 5

(iv) L.C.M. of 7, 14, 28 and 42 is 84.

4 4  12 12
 
7 7  12 84
9 9  6 54
 
14 14  6 84
13 13  3 39
 
28 28  3 84
23 23  2 46
 
42 42  2 84
54 48 46 39
< < <
84 84 84 84
9 4 23 13
 < < <
14 7 42 28

Question 9.
Solution:
(i) L.C.M. of 1, 6, 3 and 3 is 6.
2 2  6 12
 
1 1 6 6
13 13 1 13
 
6 6 1 6
8 8  2 16
 
3 3 2 6
1 1 2 2
 
3 3 2 6
2 12 13 16
> > >
6 6 6 6
1 13 8
 > 2 > >
3 6 3

(ii) L.C.M. of 10, 15, 20 and 30 is 60.

3 3  6 18
 
10 10  6 6
7 7  4 28
 
15 15  4 60
11 11 3 33
 
20 20  3 60
17 17  2 34
 
30 30  2 60
18 28 33 34
> > >
60 60 60 60
3 7 11 17
 > > >
10 15 20 30

(iii) L.C.M. of 6, 12, 18 and 24 is 72.

5 5  12 60
 
6 6  12 72
7 7  6 42
 
12 12  6 72
13 13  4 52
 
18 18  4 72
23 23  3 69
 
24 24  3 72
42 52 60 69
> > >
72 72 72 72
7 13 5 23
 > > >
12 18 6 24

(iv) L.C.M. of 11, 22, 33 and 44 is 132.

10 10 12 120
 
11 1112 132
19 19  6 114
 
22 22  6 132
23 23  4 92
 
33 33  4 132
39 39  3 117
 
44 44  3 132
92 114 117 120
> > >
132 132 132 132

Question 10.
Solution:
(i) Every whole number is a rational number. - T
(ii) Every integer is a rational number. - T
(iii) 0 is a whole number but it is not a rational number. - F

Page number: 5
Exercise 1B

Question 1.
(i)
Solution:

-1 0 1/3 2/3 3/3 1 2

(ii)
Solution:

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2/7 2
(iii)
Solution:

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
(iv) 1.75
Solution:

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2.4
(v)
Solution:

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

(vi)
Solution:

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
(vii)
Solution:

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
(viii)
Solution:

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Question 2.
(i)
Solution:

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
(ii)
Solution:

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
(iii)
Solution:

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
(iv)
Solution:

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
(v)
Solution:

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

(vi)
Solution:

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
(vii)
Solution:

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
(viii)
Solution:

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Question 3.
Solution:
3
(i) lies to the left of 0 on the number line.– True.
5
12
(ii) lies to the right of 0 on the number line. – False.
7
1 5
(iii) The rational numbers and are on opposite sides of 0 on the number line. – False.
3 2
18
(iv) The rational number lies to the left of 0 on the number line. – True.
13

Page number: 10
Exercise 1C

Question 1.
(i)
Solution:
2 4 2  4 2
  
5 5 5 5
(ii)
Solution:
6 4 10
 
11 11 11

(iii)
Solution:
11 5 6 3
  
8 8 8 4

(iv)
Solution:
7 1 6
   2
3 3 3

(v)
Solution:
5 1 4 2
  
6 6 6 3

(vi)
Solution:
17 1 18 6
  
15 15 15 5

Question 2.
(i)
Solution:
3 3 15  (12) 3
  
4 5 20 20

(ii)
Solution:
5 7 15  (14) 1
  
8 12 24 24

(iii)
Solution:
 8 11 16  33 17
  
9 6 18 18
(iv)
Solution:
5 7 15  14 1
  
16 24 48 48

(v)
Solution:
7 8 21  16 5
  
18 27 54 54

(vi)
Solution:
1 2 5  (8) 13
  
12 15 60 60

(vii)
Solution:
3 4  3 1
1   
4 4 4

(viii)
Solution:
5 8  (5) 3
2  
4 4 4

(ix)
Solution:
2 0  (2) 2
0  
5 5 5

Question 3.
(i)
Solution:
12 2 2 12
  
5 7 7 5
84  10 10  84

35 35
74 74

35 35

(ii)
Solution:
5 9 9 5
  
8 13 13 8
65  (72) 72  65

104 104
137 137

104 104

(iii)
Solution:
7 7
3  3
12 12
36  (7) 7  36

12 12
29 29

12 12

(iv)
Solution:
2 12 12 2
  
7 35 35 7
10  12 10  12

35 35
22 22

35 35

Question 4.
(i)
Solution:
 3 2  7 3  2 7 
      
 4 5  10 4  5 10 
15  8 7 3 4  7
  
20 10 4 10
7 7 3 11
  
20 10 4 10
7  14 15  22

20 20
7  7

20 20

(ii)
Solution:
 7 2  13 7  2 13 
      
 11 5  22 11  5 22 
35  22 13 7 44  65
  
55 22 11 110
57 13 7 109
  
55 22 11 110
179 179

110 110

(iii)
Solution:
 2 3   2  3
1       1   
 3 4   3  4
1 8  9 3  2 3
  
1 12 3 4
12  17 20  9

12 12
29 29

12 12

Question 5.
Solution:
 13   12   12  13
(i)    
 17   5   5  7
21 21
(ii) 9    (9)
8 8
  8 3   13  8  3 13 
(iii)         
 13 7   4  13  7 4 
 7 9   7  9
(iv) 12       12   
 12 11   12  11
19  3 7   19 3  7
(v)       
5  11 8   5 11  8
16 16 16
(vi) 0  0 
7 7 7

Question 6.
(i)
1
Solution:
3
(ii)
23
Solution: 
9
(iii)
Solution: 18
(iv)
17
Solution:
8
(v)
15
Solution:
4
(vi)
16
Solution:
5
(vii)
3
Solution:
11
(viii)
Solution:0
(ix)
 19
Solution:
6
(x)
8
Solution:
7

Question 7.
(i)
Solution:
1 3 4  9 5
  
3 4 12 12

(ii)
Solution:
1 5 2  5 7
  
3 6 6 6

(iii)
Solution:
3 8 27  40 13
  
5 9 45 45

(iv)
Solution:
9 7  9 2
1   
7 7 7

(v)
Solution:
18 11  18 29
1  
11 11 11

(vi)
Solution:
13 13
0 
9 9

(vii)
Solution:
6 32 78  160 82
  
5 13 65 65

(viii)
Solution:
4 4  49 45
 7  
7 7 7

Question 8.
(i)
Solution:
4 3 2 11
  
3 5 3 5
4  2 3  11
 
3 5
2 8
 
3 5
10  24

15
14

15

(ii)
Solution:
8 1 11 3
  
3 4 6 8
16  11 2  3
 
6 8
27 1
 
6 8
108  3

24
105

24
35

8
(iii)
Solution:
13 11 5 7
  
20 14 7 10
13  14 11  10
 
20 14
1 1
 
20 14
7  10

140
17

140
(iv)
Solution:
6 5 4 15
  
7 6 9 7
6  15 15  8
 
7 18
21 23
 
7 18
54  23

18
77

18

Question 9.
Solution:
14
x  2
5
14
x  2 
5
10  14
x
5
4
x
5

Question 10.
Solution:
 5 1
x 
6 2
1 5
x 
2 6
3  5
x
6
8
x
6
4
x
3

Question 11.
Solution:
5 3
x
8 2
3 5
x 
2 8
12  5
x
8
7
x
8

Question 12.
Solution:
5
1  x 
7
5
x  1
7
57
x
7
12
x
7

Question 13.
Solution:
2 1
x
3 6
2 1
x 
3 6
4  1
x
6
3
x
6
1
x
2

Question 14.
Solution:
(i) Zero is a rational number that has its own additive inverse.
(ii) Yes,
Consider ab-cd where b and d are not equal to 0.
ab-cd implies adbd-bcbd implies ad-bcbd.
Since, ad, bc and bd are integers since integers are closed under the operation of multiplication
and ad-bc is an integer since integers are closed under the operation of subtraction, then ad-bcbd
Since it is in the form of one integer divided by other and denominator not equal to 0
Thsab-cd is a rational number.
(iii) Yes, rational numbers are commutative under addition. If a and b are rational numbers then
law is a+b=b+a.
(iv) Yes, rational numbers are associative under addition. If a, b and c are rational numbers then
law is a+(b+c)=(a+b)+c.
(v) No, subtraction is not commutative on rational numbers.
(a-b)≠(b-a)
(vi) Rational numbers are not associative under subtraction.
a-(b-c)≠(a-b)-c.
(vii) Negative of a negative rational number is a positive rational number.

Page number: 16
Exercise 1D

Question 1.
(i)
Solution:
3 7 21
 
5 8 40
(ii)
Solution:
9 5 45
 
2 4 8

(iii)
Solution:
6 5 30
 
11 3 33

(iv)
Solution:
2 6 12 4
  
3 7 21 7

(v)
Solution:
12 10 120
  8
5 3 15
(vi)
Solution:
25 3 75 5
  
9 10 90 6

(vii)
Solution:
5 9 45 1
  
18 20 360 8

(viii)
Solution:
13 25 325 5
  
15 26 390 6

(ix)
Solution:
16 14 224 32
  
21 5 105 15

(x)
Solution:
7 168
 24   28
6 6
(xi)
Solution:
7 336
 (48)   14
24 24

(xii)
Solution:
13 130
 (10)   26
5 5

Question 2.
(i)
Solution:
3 5 5 3
  
7 9 9 7
5 5

21 21

(ii)
Solution:
8 13 13 8
  
7 9 9 7
104 104

63 63

(iii)
Solution:
12 7 7 12
  
5 36 36 5
7 7

15 15

(iv)
Solution:
13 13
8    8
12 12
26 26

4 4

Question 3.
(i)
Solution:
 5 12  7 5  12 7 
      
 7 13  18 7  13 18 
60 7 5 84
  
91 18 7 234
10 10

39 39

(ii)
Solution:
13  12 35   13 12  35
    
24  5 36   24 5  36
13 420 156 35
  
24 180 120 36
91 91

72 72
(iii)
Solution:
 9 10  21 9  10 21 
      
 5 3  4 5  3 4 
90 21 9 210
  
15 4 5 12
63 63

2 2

Question 4.
Solution:
23 18 18 23
(i)   
17 35 35 17
7 7
(ii) 38    38
19 19
 15 21  5 15  21 5 
(iii)       
 7 10  6 7  10 6 
12  4 25   12 4  25
(iv)     
6  15 16   6 15  16

Question 5.
(i)
 25
Solution: Reciprocal =
13
(ii)
12
Solution: Reciprocal =
17
(iii)
24
Solution: Reciprocal =
7
(iv)
1
Solution: Reciprocal =
18
(v)
1
Solution: Reciprocal =
16
(vi)
5
Solution: Reciprocal =
3
(vii)
Solution: Reciprocal = 1

(viii)
2
Solution: Reciprocal = 
0
(ix)
5
Solution: Reciprocal =
2
(x)
Solution: Reciprocal = 8

Question 6.
(i)
Solution:
1
 5  8
  
 8  5

(ii)
Solution:
1
 4  9
  
 9  4

(iii)
Solution:
 1
(7) 1 
7

(iv)
Solution:
1
 1 
   3
 3 

Question 7.
(i)
Solution:
3  5 12   3 5   3 12 
          
7  6 13   7 6   7 13 
3 137 15 36
  
7 78 42 91
137 411

182 540
137 137

182 182

(ii)
Solution:
15  3 12   15 3   15 12 
      
4 7 5   4 7  4 5 
15 69 45 180
  
4 35 28 20
207 1035

28 140
207 207

28 28

(iii)
Solution:
 8 13  5  8 5   13 5 
          
 3 12  6  3 6   12 6 
45 5 40 65
  
12 6 18 72
225 160  65

72 72
25  25

8 8
(iv)
Solution:
16  8 7   16 8   16 7 
      
7  9 6   7 9   7 6 
16 37 123 112
  
7 18 63 42
592 256  336

126 126
296 296

63 63

Question 8.
(i)
Solution: Commutative property

(ii)
Solution: Associative property

(iii)
Solution: Distributive property

(iv)
Solution: Property of multiplicative identity

(v)
Solution: Property of multiplicative inverse

(vi)
Solution: Multiplicative property of 0.

Question 9.
Solution:
(i) The product of a rational number and its reciprocal is 1.
(ii) Zero has no reciprocal.
(iii) The numbers 1 and -1 are their own reciprocals.
(iv) Zero is not the reciprocal of any number.
1
(v) The reciprocal of a , where a  0 , is .
a
 1
(vi) The reciprocal of , where a  0 , is a.
a
(vii) The reciprocal of a positive rational number is positive.
(viii) The reciprocal of a negative rational number is negative.

Page number: 19
Exercise 1E

Question 1.
(i)
Solution:
4 5 4 12 48 16
    
9 12 9 5 45 10

(ii)
Solution:
7 16 128
8   8  
16 7 7

(iii)
Solution:
12 12 1 12 2
  18     
7 7 18 126 21

(iv)
Solution:
1 8 1 5 5 1
    
10 5 8 8 80 16

(v)
Solution:
16 15 16 4 224
   
35 4 35 15 525

(vi)
Solution:
65 13 65 7 5
   
14 7 14 13 2
Question 2.
Solution:
(i) True
13 26 26 13
  
5 10 10 5
13 10 26 5
  
5 26 10 13
130 130

130 130
11

(ii) False
3 3
9    (9)
4 4
4 3 1
9   
3 4 9
36 1

30 12

(iii) False
8 4 4 8
  
9 3 3 9
 8 3 4 9
  
9 4 3 8
2 3

3 2

(iv)False
7 3 3 7
  
24 16 16 24
7 16 3 24
  
24 3 16 7
112 72

72 112

Question 3.
Solution:
(i) False
5 1 5 5 1 5
      
9 3 2 9 3 2
5 3 2 5 3 5
    
9 1 5 9 1 2
2 25

3 6

(ii) False
 6  9  6 9 
(16)     ( 16)    
 5  10  5 10 
5 10 5 10
( 16)    ( 16)  
6 9 6 9
800 48

54 4
400
 12
27

(iii) False
 3 12  1 3  12 1 
      
 5 35  14 5  35 14 
3 12 14 3 35 14
    
5 35 1 5 12 1
1470 105

60 240
49 7

2 16

Question 4.
Solution:
x  (12)  9
9
x
12
3
x
4

Question 5.
Solution:
 4 16
x 
3 9
16 3
x 
9 4
48
x
36
4
x
3

Question 6.
Solution:
15 5
x 
56 7
5 56
x 
7 15
56
x
21
8
x
3

Question 7.
Solution:
8 1
x 
39 26
1 39
x 
26 8
39
x
208
3
x
16

Question 8.
Solution:
33 11
x
8 2
1 11 8
 
x 2 33
1 88

x 66
1 4

x 3
3
x
4

Question 9.
Solution:
 13 12   31 1 
     
5 7   7 2 
91  60 31
 
35 14
31 14
 
35 31
2

5

Question 10.
Solution:
 65 8   65 8 
    
 12 3   12 3 
97 33
 
12 12
97 12
 
12 33
97

33

Question 11.
Solution:
9 3 3
(i)  
8 4 2
14 7 10
(ii)  
19 5 19
4 4
(iii)  ( 3) 
5 15
6
(iv) (12)  10 
5

Question 12.
Solution:
(i) No, rational numbers are not closed under division in general.
(ii) No.
a c a d ad
   
b d b c bc
c a c b cb
   
d b d a da
a c c a
thus   
b d d b
(iii) No, rational numbers are not associative under division.
a  c e  a c  e
       
b d f  b d  f
(iv) No, we cannot divide 1 by 0. The answer will be infinity which is not defined.

Page number: 21
Exercise 1F

Question 1.
Solution:
11 1
  
2 4 3
1  3 4 
  
2  12 
1 7
 
2 12
7

24
Question 2.
Solution:
1
(2  3)
2
5

2

Question 3.
Solution:
1  1 1 
  
2 3 2
1  2  3 
  
2 6 
1 1
 
2 6
1

12

Question 4.
Solution:
1
( 3  2)
2
5

2

Question 5.
Solution:
1 9
Number between 4 and 5  (4  5) 
2 2
9 1 9  1 17 17
Number between 4 and   4     
2 2 2 2 2 4
9 19  1 19 19
Number between and 5    5    
2 22  2 2 4

Question 6.
Solution:
2 3 1  2 3  17
Number between and     
3 4 2  3 4  24
 2 17 1  2 17  11
Number between and    
3 24 2  3 24  16
17 3 1  17 3  35
Number between and     
24 4 2  24 4  48

Question 7.
Solution:
3 5 1  3 5  1
Number between and     
4 6 2  4 6  24
3 1 1  3 1  17
Number between and    
4 24 2  4 24  48
3 17 1  3 17  35
Number between and    
4 24 2 4 24  48
3 35 1  3 35  53
Number between and    
4 24 2 4 24  48
3 53 1  3 53  71
Number between and    
4 24 2 4 24  48
3 71 1  3 71  107
Number between and    
4 48 2 4 48  96
5 1 1  5 1  21
Number between and    
6 24 2  6 24  48
5 21 1  5 21  61
Number between and    
6 48 2  6 48  96
5 61 1  5 61  141
Number between and    
6 96 2  6 96  192
61 141 1  61 141  263
Number between and    
96 192 2  96 192  384

Question 8.
Solution:
10 20
We may write 1  and 2 
10 10
Therefore 12 rational numbers are
9 8 7 6 5 18 19
, , , , ,....... and .
10 10 10 10 10 10 10
Page number: 21
Exercise 1G

WORD PROBLEMS
Question 1.
Solution:
Length of remaining rope = total length – length of cut pieces
 3 3
 11   2  3 
 5 10 
 13 33 
 11    
 5 10 
 26  33 
 11   
 50 
59
 11 
10
110  59

10
51
 m
10

Question 2.
Solution:
Weight of rice in drum = weight of drum full of rice – weight of empty drum
241 55
 
6 4
482  165

12
317

12
5
 26 kg
12

Question 3.
Solution:
Weight of pears = total weight – weight of apples and oranges
 58  73 19 
   
3  9 6
58  146  57 
  
3  18 
58 203
 
3 18
348  203

18
145

18
1
 8 kg
18

Question 4.
Solution:
Money saved = Total money earned – total expenses
 68 51 22 
 80     
 5 2 5 
 136  255  44 
 80   
 10 
435
 80 
10
87
 80 
2
160  87

2
73

2
1
 Rs.36
2

Question 5.
Solution:
Cost of cloth
17 147
 
5 4
2499

20
19
 Rs.124
20
Question 6.
Solution:
Distance = speed × time
15 202
 
2 5
3030

10
 303km

Question 7.
Solution:
Area of rectangle = length × breadth
183 50
 
5 3
9150

15
 610m 2

Question 8.
Solution:
Area of square = (side)2
17 17
 
2 2
289

4
1
 72 m 2
4

Question 9.
Solution:
Cost of 34 litres petrol
3
 63  34
4
255
  34
4
8670

4
30
 Rs.216
4
Question 10.
Solution:
Distance covered
25
  1020
6
25500

6
 4250km

Question 11.
Solution:
Cost of one metre cloth
231 7
 
4 2
231 2
 
4 7
462

28
14
 16
28
1
 Rs.16
2

Question 12.
Solution:
Length of each piece of cord
143
  26
2
143 1
 
2 26
143

52
9

4
3
2 m
4

Question 13.
Solution:
Area of room = length × breadth
Length = area ÷breadth
261 87
 
4 10
261 10
 
4 87
4176

348
 12m

Question 14.
Solution:
Let the other fraction be x.
3 3
9 x 9
7 5
3 3
x  9 9
5 7
48 60
x 
5 7
48 7
x 
5 60
336
x
330
56
x
55
1
x 1
55

Question 15.
5 5 3
Solution: If is number of boys then ratio of girls is 1  
8 8 8
Let x be the total number of students.
3
x  240
8
3
x  240 
8
8
x  240 
3
1920
x
3
x  640
Number of boys = total – number of girls
 640  240
 400

Question 16.
Solution:
7
Ratio of read book =
9
7 2
Ratio of unread book = 1  
9 9
2
x  40
9
2
x  40 
9
9
x  40 
2
360
x
2
x  180

Question 17.
Solution:
1 300
Amount spent on notebooks= 300    100
3 3
Money left = 300 – 100 = 200
1 200
Amount spent on stationary = 200    50
4 4
Money left = 200 – 50 = Rs.150

Question 18.
Solution:
1
Money spent on food = 16000   Rs.4000
4
Money left = 16000 – 4000 = 12000
3
Money spent on house rent = 12000   Rs.3600
10
Money left = 12000 – 3600 = 8400
5
Money spent on education = 8400   Rs.2000
21
Money left = 8400 – 2000 = Rs.6400

Question 19.
Solution:
Let x be the required number.
3 2
x  x  44
5 7
3 2
x  x  44
5 7
 21  10 
  x  44
 35 
11
x  44
35
35
x  44 
11
1540
x
11
x  140

Question 20.
Solution:
2 5
Ratio of spectators in open = 1  
7 7
Total number be x.
5
x  15000
7
7
x  15000 
5
10500
x
5
x  21000

Page number: 22
Exercise 1H
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Tick () the correct answer in each of the following:
Question 1.
13
Solution: (c)
48
Question 2.
28
Solution: (b)
15

Question 3.
11
Solution: (a)
78

Question 4.
16
Solution: (b)
7

Question 5.
67
Solution: (d)
8

Question 6.
17
Solution: (b)
20

Question 7.
13
Solution: (c)
60

Question 8.
11
Solution: (b)
3

Question 9.
1
Solution: (c)
21

Question 10.
5
Solution: (d)
2

Question 11.
7
Solution: (b)
3
Question 12.
2
Solution:(a)
3

Question 13.
32
Solution: (c)
75

Question 14.
7
Solution:(d)
5

Question 15.
1
Solution:(c)
3

Question 16.
49 9
Solution: (b) and (c)
71 16

Question 17.
3
Solution: (a)
10

Question 18.
5
Solution: (b)
6

Question 19.
5
Solution: (d)
6

Question 20.
5
Solution: (c)
9

Question 21.
4
Solution: (c)
3
Question 22.
5
Solution: (d)
24

Question 23.
Solution: (b) is a negative rational number

Page number: 27
TEST PAPER 1

A. Question 1.
Solution:
7 7
(i) Additive inverse of is
10 10
8 8
(ii) Additive inverse of is
5 5

Question 2.
Solution:
Let the other number be x.
11
x  4
5
11
x  4 
5
20  11
x
5
9
x
5

Question 3.
Solution:
Let required number be x.
3 2
x 
5 3
2 3
x 
3 5
10  9
x
15
19
x
15
Question 4.
Solution:
Let required number be x.
3 1
x
4 2
3 1
x 
4 2
23
x
4
1
x
4

Question 5.
Solution:
3 4
(i) multiplicative inverse of is
4 3
3 4
(ii) multiplicative inverse of is
4 3

Question 6.
Solution:
Let the number be x.
12  x  8
x  (8)  (12)
8
x
12
2
x
3

Question 7.
Solution:
3 10 3 10 30 6
(i)    
5 7 5 7 35 7
1
 5  1 8 8
(ii)     1 
 8   5  5 5
 
 8 
1 1
(iii) (6) 1  
(6) 6
Question 8.
Solution:
(i) commutative law of multiplication
(ii) Existence of multiplicative identity
(iii) Associative law of multiplication
(iv) Multiplicative property if 0
(v) Distributive law of multiplication over addition

Question 9.
Solution:
Required number
1  1 1 
   
2  3 2
1  2  3 
  
2 6 
1 1
 
2 6
1

12
1 1
Rational number between and
3 12
1  1 1 
   
2  3 12 
1 1 4 
  
2  12 
1 3
 
2 12
1

8

B.
Question 10.
4
Solution: (c)
15

Question 11.
17
Solution: (d)
12

Question 12.
4
Solution: (b)
5
Question 13.
5
Solution: (a)
6

Question 14.
5
Solution: (b)
4

Question 15.
8
Solution: (c)
15

Question 16.
9
Solution: (b)
7

Question 17.
1
Solution: (b)
12

C. Question 18.
Solution:
25 5
(i)   10
8 16
 8 3 2
(ii)  
9 4 3
7 2
(iii) ( 1)  
9 9
2 3 1
(iv)  
3 5 15

D. Question 19.
Solution:
(i) Rational numbers are always closed under subtraction. -T
(ii) Rational numbers are always closed under division.-F
(iii) 1÷0=0 - F
(iv) Subtraction is commutative on rational numbers. -F
 7  7
(v)     - T
 8  8