KL-900A

Basic Communication System Supplied by T.M.I.

KL-900A offers experiments for

fundamental technical concepts in
telecommunication.
It enables students to acquire a clear
experimental view and further, they will
be familiar with the operative aspects
of the work in the telecommunication
laboratory.

*Oscilloscope is excluded

Features (5) KL-93005 PLL Frequency Synthesizer

● The trainer includes modules with experimental circuits. (6) KL-93006 TDM & PAM-TDM Multiplexer/Demultiplexer
It offers the beginner complete courses of basic analog (7) KL-93007 FDM Multiplexer / Demultiplexer
and digital communication. (8) KL-93008 Signal Converter / Recovery / Regeneration
● KL-900A is equipped with power supply and signal unit.
Students only have to adopt the oscilloscope to complete 2. Digital Communication Modules (KL-900A2)
various experiments independently. (1) KL-94001 A/D, D/A Converter Applications
● System modularity maximizes flexibility and variety for (2) KL-94002 PWM Modulator / Demodulator
experimentation, and allows possibility for expansion and (3) KL-94003 FSK Modulator / Demodulator
customization.
(4) KL-94004 CVSD Modulator / Demodulator, Manchester

Specifications Code Encode / Decode
 Experiment Modules (5) KL-94005 ASK Modulator / Demodulator
(6) KL-94006 PSK / QPSK Modulator
(7) KL-94007 PSK / QPSK Demodulator
3. Power Supply & Signal Generator Unit
KL-96001 Main Unit
Analog Communction Modules

1. 2mm connection leads are used throughout the system.

2. The building blocks and components symbols of the circuits
are printed on the surface of each module.
3. All modules are secured in plastic housings (297 x 226 x 60mm).
4. Cabinet for all modules storage facilities
5. Complete experimental manual and teacher's guide KL-93001 KL-93002 KL-93003 KL-93004
List of Modules
1. Analog Communication Modules (KL-900A1)
(1) KL-93001 Oscillator / Second Order LPF & HPF
(2) KL-93002 AM Modulator / Demodulator
(3) KL-93003 DSB-SC & SSB Modulator / Demodulator
(4) KL-93004 FM Modulator / Demodulator
KL-93005 KL-93006 KL-93007 KL-93008

Supplied by Test and measurement Instruments C.C. Tel: 011 683 4365 Web: www.instrumentsgroup.co.za Communication System
1. KL-93001 Oscillator / Second Order LPF & HPF (3) Phase detector & VCO : IC 4046
(1) RF Oscillator (4) Adjustable capture range
a. Oscillator frequency : 500KHz , 10MHz (5) Adjustable lock-in range
b. Power supply : +12V (6) With 5 module blocks
(2) Second order LPF and HPF a. Reference frequency block
a. Low pass -3db frequency : 1KHz , 10KHz b. Phase locked loop block
b. High pass -3db frequency : 800Hz , 8KHz c. Divided by N counter block
c. Power supply : +12V , -12V d. Divided by 10 block
e. Offset oscillator block
2. KL-93002 AM Modulator / Demodulator (7) Divided by N counter is programmable by a thumbwheel
(1) AM modulator switch
a. Carrier signal : 100KHz ~ 2MHz
b. Audio signal : 1KHz ~ 3KHz 6. KL-93006 TDM & PAM-TDM Multiplexer / Demultiplexer
c. Power supply : +12V, -5V (1) TDM multiplexer
(2) AM demodulator • Audio signal generator
a. Carrier signal : 100KHz ~ 2MHz a. Triangle generator : 100Hz ~15KHz, 6Vpp
b. Audio signal : 1KHz ~ 3KHz b. Square generator : 100Hz ~15KHz, 6Vpp
c. Sine generator : 800Hz ~ 65KHz, 6Vpp
c. Power supply : +12V, -12V
• Analog switch multiplexer
3. KL-93003 DSB-SC & SSB Modulator / Demodulator a. TDM channel : Channel A, B, C 3 ports
(1) DSB-SC and SSB modulator b. TDM switch frequency : 1MHz, 50KHz, 5KHz,1KHz
• DSB-SC modulator c. TDM frame generator :
a. Carrier signal : 500KHz ~ 1MHz Ⅰ. FSYNO : TDM frame synchronous transmit pulse
b. Audio signal : 1KHz ~ 2KHz TTL level
c. Power supply : +12V, -5V Ⅰ. FCLKX : TDM transmit data clock TTL level
• SSB modulator Ⅰ. FSX : TDM data frame transmit synchronous pulse
a. Carrier signal : 453KHz TTL level
b. Audio signal : 1KHz ~ 2KHz
c. Power supply : +12V, -5V (2) High speed analog PAM-TDM multiplexer
(2) DSB-SC and SSB demodulator Audio signal PAM-TDM simultaneous multiplexer
• DSB-SC demodulator (3) Multichannel TDM simultaneous demultiplexer
a. Carrier signal : 500KHz • Analog switch demultiplexer
b. Audio signal : 1KHz ~ 3KHz a. TDM Mix signal level 6Vpp
c. Power supply : +12V b. Switch voltage level 6Vpp
• SSB demodulator c. TDM switch frequency : 1MHz, 50KHz, 5KHz, 1KHz
a. Carrier signal : 453KHz d. FSYNI : TDM start frame input
b. Audio signal : 2KHz e. Auto start frame detector
c. Power supply : +12V • TDM demultiplexer output : Channel A, B, C 3 ports
4. KL-93004 FM Modulator / Demodulator
(1) Frequency modulator
7. KL-93007 FDM Multiplexer / Demultiplexer
• MC 1648 modulator
(1) FDM multiplexer
a. Carrier signal : 2MHz ~ 3MHz • FDM multiplexer channel : Channel A,B,C 3 ports
b. Audio signal : 3KHz ~ 8KHz
• Wien bridge audio signal generator
c. Power supply : +5V a. Variable sine generator : 2KHz ~ 50KHz, 0~6Vpp
• Lm566 modulator b. Fixed sine generator : 3.3KHz, ±10%, 0~6Vpp
a. Carrier Signal : 2KHz ~ 20KHz
b. Audio Signal : 1KHz ~ 5KHz • Hartley carrier signal generator
c. Power Supply : +5V, -5V a. Adjustable carrier generator : 450KHz~550KHz, 0~6Vpp
(2) Frequency demodulator b. Adjustable carrier generator : 270KHz~330KHz, 0~6Vpp
• LM565 demodulator c. Fixed carrier generator : 100KHz, ± 5%, 0~6Vpp
a. Carrier signal : 2KHz ~ 20KHz • AM modulator
b. Audio signal : 1KHz ~ 5KHz a. Carrier signal : 100KHz ~ 500KHz
c. Power supply : +5V, -5V b. Audio signal : 1KHz ~ 20KHz
• FM-to-AM demodulator c. Modulation rate & level : 10% ~ 100%
d. FDM high bandwidth SUM : 1Hz ~ 1MHz
a. Carrier signal : 500KHz ~ 2MHz
b. Audio signal : 1KHz ~ 5KHz (2) FDM demultiplexer
c. Power supply : +5V, -5V • FDM demultiplexer channel : Channel A,B,C 3 ports
• AM band tune
5. KL-93005 PLL Frequency Synthesizer
Carrier bandpass filter BPF : 3 channel input : 3Vpp
(1) Frequency selection range : 1KHz ~ 1.5MHz
Channel A : 500KHz Adj. ± 20%, BW : 100KHz, ± 10%
(2) Reference frequency : Crystal osc. Channel B : 300KHz Adj. ± 20%, BW : 100KHz, ± 10%
1KHz or 10KHz

Communication System Supplied by Test and Measurement Instruments C.C. Tel: 011 683 4365 Web: www.instrumentsgroup.co.za
 • AM demodulator (2) Digital to analog converter
a. AM rectifier a. Digital input : 8 bits
b. Adjust LPF b. Output voltage type : Single or bipolar
LPF A : Min : 1KHz Adj. ± 20%, Max : 30KHz Adj. ± 20% c. Power supply : +12V, -12V
LPF B : Min : 1KHz Adj. ± 20%, Max : 30KHz Adj. ± 20% 10.KL-94002 PWM Modulator / Demodulator
LPF C : Min : 250Hz Adj. ± 20%, Max : 2.5KHz Adj. ± 20% (1) PWM modulator
c. FDM demultiplexer audio signal output : • LM741 PWM
Channel A : Sine : 3KHz ~ 20KHz, ±10% a. Carrier signal : 1.5KHz~2KHz
Channel B : Sine : 3KHz, ±10% b. Audio signal : 500Hz
Channel C : Sine : 1KHz, ±10% c. Power supply : +12V, -12V
8. KL-93008 Signal Converter / Recovery / Regeneration • LM555 PWM
(1) Quadrature audio generator a. Carrier signal : 5KHz~10KHz
b. Audio signal : 1KHz
a. Frequency range : 300Hz ~ 10KHz
c. Power supply : +12V
b. Analog output level : 7Vpp
(2) PWM demodulator
c. Analog output : SIN(ωt), COS(ωt)
a. Audio signal : 500Hz~700Hz
d. Analog distortion < 0.1%
b. Modulation signal : 5KHz~6KHz
e. Digital output : Two signals with 90°phase different
c. Demodulation signal : 500Hz~700Hz
(2) Up / down frequency converter
d. Power supply : +12V
a. Multiplier
Frequency A input : 10KHz ~ 1MHz 11.KL-94003 FSK Modulator / Demodulator
Frequency B input : 10KHz ~ 1MHz (1) FSK modulator
b. Second order LPF down converter : 1KHz ~ 120KHz a. “SPACE” signal : 1270Hz
c. Second order HPF up converter : 330KHz ~ 1MHz b. “MARK” signal : 1070Hz
d. External input LPF & HPF for other up / down converter c. Output voltage : 0~5V
(3) Carrier signal recovery d. Power supply : +12V, -12V
a. Up converter for double carrier input : Vin (min) : 0.5Vpp (2) FSK demodulator
b. PLL & PLL/2 a. “SPACE” signal : 1270Hz
c. Adjustable second order LPF : Remove harmonic for b. “MARK” signal : 1070Hz
carrier (sine) signal recovery c. Output voltage : 0~5V
d. Adjust phase shift : 0 ~ 150 degrees phase shift (as input
d. Power supply : +5V, -5V
frequency is 10KHz)
(4) Synchronal clock recovery 12.KL-94004 CVSD Modulator / Demodulator, Manchester
a. Manchester encoder enclosed synchronal signal Code Encode / Decode
b. Clock XOR and clock delay for clock periodic detector (1) CVSD modulators & demodulators
c. PLL for synchronal clock recovery output (2) Manchester code encode & decode
a. Encode of manchester code
Digital Communication Modules b. Decode of manchester code
(3) Line Code format : NRZ
(4) Adjustable clock generator : 50KHz ~ 100KHz
(5) Adjustable low pass filter
13.KL-94005 ASK Modulator / Demodulator
(1) ASK modulator
a. Carrier signal : 20KHz~200KHz
KL-94001 KL-94002 KL-94003 KL-94004 b. Modulated signal : 1KHz~10KHz
(2) ASK demodulator
• Asynchronous envelope detector of ASK demodulator
a. Carrier signal : 20KHz~200KHz
b. Modulated signal : 1KHz~10KHz
• Synchronous product detector of ASK demodulator
a. Carrier signal : 20KHz~200KHz
KL-94005 KL-94006 KL-94007
14.KL-94006 PSK / QPSK Modulator
9. KL-94001 A/D, D/A Converter Applications
(1) PSK/QPSK Modulator
(1) Analog to digital converter
• Production & measurement of data stream of QPSK
a. Resolution : 8 bits or 256 steps
a. Data speed : 400bps ~ 1000bps
b. Clock frequency : 100KHz~800KHz
• QPSK modulator
c. Input voltage range : 0~5V
a. Carrier signal : 7KHz
d. Power supply : +5V

Supplied by Test and measurement Instruments C.C. Tel: 011 683 4365 Web: www.instrumentsgroup.co.za Communication System
KL-900A

15.KL-94007 PSK / QPSK Demodulator  List of Experiments

(1) PSK/QPSK Demodulator Analog Communication
a. Carrier signal : 7KHz 1. RF oscillator experiment
b. Data speed : 400bps
2. Second order LPF & HPF experiment
16.KL-96001 Main Unit 3. AM modulator experiment
4. AM demodulator experiment
5. DSB-SC and SSB modulator experiment
6. DSB-SC and SSB demodulator experiment
7. FM modulator experiment
8. FM demodulator experiment
KL-96001 9. PLL frequency synthesizer
10. TDM multiplexer experiments
(1) Dual function generators
11. TDM demultiplexer experiments
• Output waveform : Sine, Triangle, Square and TTL level
signal 12. FDM multiplexer experiments
• Output voltage 13. FDM demultiplexer experiments
a.1 Hz ~ 50 KHz : 0 ~ 20 Vpp continuously adjustable 14. Multiplier frequency up/down converter experiment
b. 50 KHz ~ 200 KHz : 0 ~ 16 Vpp continuously adjustable 15. Carrier frequency recovery experiment
c. 200 KHz ~ 500 KHz : 0 ~ 10 Vpp continuously adjustable 16. Synchronous clock recovery experiment
• Output frequency : 6 Ranges, selectable
a.1 Hz ~ 10 Hz continuously adjustable Digital Communication
b.10 Hz ~ 100 Hz continuously adjustable 1. Analog to digital experiment
c.100 Hz ~ 1 KHz continuously adjustable 2. Digital to analog experiment
d.1 KHz ~ 10 KHz continuously adjustable 3. PWM modulator experiment
e.10 KHz ~ 100 KHz continuously adjustable 4. PWM demodulator experiment
f .100 KHz ~ 500 KHz continuously adjustable 5. FSK modulator experiment
All above ranges are adjusted by a 10-turn fine tuning knob
6. FSK demodulator experiment
• AM modulation input
7. CVSD modulators & demodulators
a. Input amplitude : 0 ~ 5 Vpp
8. Manchester code encode / decode
b. Input frequency range : 1 Hz ~ 100 KHz
c. Percentage modulation : 80% 9. ASK modulator / demodulator
d. Output : AM amplitude continuously adjustable 10. PSK / QPSK modulator / demodulator
• FM modulation input
a. Input amplitude : 0 ~ 5 Vpp
 Accessories (KL-98001)
b. Input Impedance : 10 KΩ Standard Accessories
c. Maximum modulation ratio : 50:1 1. Connector leads : 1 set
• FSK modulation input 2. Experiment manual : 1 pce
a. Input impedance : 10 KΩ 3. Teacher's guide : 1 pce
4. Storage cabinet : 2 sets (KL-99001)
b. Input ≤ 0.7 V for Low level, adjustable output frequency
Input ≥ 3 V for High level, fixed output frequency Optional Accessories
(2) V/F converter 1. Rack frame (KL-97001)
• Input voltage : 0 ~ 20 V 2. RF generator (KI-2220)
• Output frequency : 0 ~ 20 KHz 3. Digital storage oscilloscope with FFT
• Conversion ratio : 1 V = 1 KHz
(3) Adjustable DC power supply
• Output voltage : 0 ~ 20 V continuously adjustable
• Maximum output current : 100 mA with overload protection
(4) Fixed DC power supply
• Output voltage : +5 V, -5V (rated current 500 mA)
• Output voltage : +12V, -12V (rated current 300 mA)
(5) Universal frequency/period counter
Storage cabinet (KL-99001) Option : Rack frame. (KL-97001)
• Function : Logic Probe/Frequency/Period/Pulse Width
• Input frequency range (F) : 1 Hz ~ 99.999999 MHz
10 Hz ~ 100.00000 Mhz
• Input period range (TH&TL): 0.01 µs ~ 999999.99 µs
1 µs ~ 99999999 µs
• Input level : TTL, Analog signal (Vin ≥ 2.2 Vpp)
• Sampling time : 1 sec & 0.1 sec
• Display : 8-digit, 7-Segment display Option : KI-2220 150MHz RF generator

Communication System 10104