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Determination of Hysteresis Loop

This document describes two methods for determining a hysteresis loop: 1. The step by step method where the magnetizing current is reduced in steps from the maximum value of H to zero, and then reversed, with the corresponding values of B noted. 2. The method of reversal uses a switching circuit to quickly reverse the magnetizing current, tracing out the hysteresis loop by obtaining points that correspond to changes in B and H through cycles of magnetization. The hysteresis loop graphically depicts the relationship between magnetic field strength H and magnetic flux density B in a ferromagnetic material, with the area of the loop representing energy lost per cycle through hysteresis.

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587 views3 pages

Determination of Hysteresis Loop

This document describes two methods for determining a hysteresis loop: 1. The step by step method where the magnetizing current is reduced in steps from the maximum value of H to zero, and then reversed, with the corresponding values of B noted. 2. The method of reversal uses a switching circuit to quickly reverse the magnetizing current, tracing out the hysteresis loop by obtaining points that correspond to changes in B and H through cycles of magnetization. The hysteresis loop graphically depicts the relationship between magnetic field strength H and magnetic flux density B in a ferromagnetic material, with the area of the loop representing energy lost per cycle through hysteresis.

Uploaded by

chiranjeev
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Determination of Hysteresis Loop

1. Step by step Method:

Process same as determination of B-H curve (refer the same circuit). After reaching the maximum
value of H, the magnetising current is reduces in steps (by varying the potential divider) to zero and
corresponding B is determined

After reaching zero, the magnetising current is reversed by reversing the switch RS and S2 is moved in
steps from stud 1 to 2, 3.. corresponding value of B for these negative H are noted.

2. Method of Reversal:

Fig.1. Circuit diagram

R1, R2, R4 → for adjusting the resistances of the magnetising winding and BG circuit
R3 → For reducing the current in the magnetising winding.

1
Fig. 2. Hysteresis Loop

1. The value of Hmax required to produce Bmax to be used during the test is obtained from the
previously determined B-H cureve of the specimen. R2 and R4 are so adjusted that the magnetising
current is such that this value of H (Hmax) is obtained when S2 in ‘OFF’ position (H=Ni/L).

2. R1 is adjusted so that a convenient deflection of the BG is obtained when maximum magnetisinf


current is reversed.

3. R3 is adjusted so that a suitable reduction in magnetising current is obtained when this resistance is
switched in the circuit.

4. RS2 on contact 11ʹ, K opened. The magnetisation of the specimen – since maximum magnetising
current is flowing now corresponds to point A on the loop.

5. Next throw S2 quickly over from “OFF” position to contact b, ths connecting R3 and by reducing
the H to Hc (say), the reduction in B is –ΔB, point C is obtained.

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6. K is now closed, RS2 reversed on to contact 22ʹ. S2 then opened and RS2 moved back again to
contact 11ʹ. This procedure passes the specimen through cycle of magnetisation and back to point
A again, ready for the next step. Section AD obtained by this procedure.

7. To obtain section DEF of the loop: With K closed, S2 in the “OFF” position, place RS2 on contact
11ʹ. Then place S2 on contact a, open K and rapidly reverse RS2 on to contact 22ʹ observing the
BG throw. From this throw change in B, ΔBʹ may be obtained, since the switching operations
described cause H to change from +Hmax to –Hx.

8. To bring the specimen back to A, open S2, reverse RS2 on contact 11ʹ.

9. By continuing this process, other points on the section DEF of the loop are obtained.

10. The section FGLA of the loop may be obtained by drawing the reverse of ADEF, as the two halves
are identical.

Area of the loop = Hysteresis loss per cycle per cubic meter

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