I – OBJECTIVE
1. To lay out a radial stake out in a simple curve.
2. To gain familiarity with the theory, design and layout of horizontal curves for most types
of transportation routes, such as railroads, highways, and pipelines etc.
II – TOOLS / EQUIPMENTS / INSTRUMENTS
Marking pins Range pole
3.
Fiber Glass tape
Marking chalk
Theodolite
III – PROCEDURE
1. Establish a point along the ground mark it as point PI (Point of Intersection.)
2. Using Fiber glass tape from PI measure the tangent distance equal to 4.752
meter then mark the end of the line as BC (Beginning of the Curve).
3. Set up your theodolite at point BC.
Setting up the theodolite
4. Set up the tripod and make sure the height of the tripod to be eye-level. The
centered hole of the mounting plate must be over the marking pin.
5. Drive the tripod legs into the ground using the brackets on the sides of the legs.
Mount the theodolite by placing it atop the tripod, and screw it in place with the
mounting knob.
6. Level the theodolite by adjusting the tripod legs and using the bulls-eye level, make
slight tuning with the leveling knobs to get it just right.
7. Adjust the small sight (the vertical plummet) found on the theodolite. The vertical
plummet will allow you to ensure that the instrument remains over the marking pin.
Adjust the plummet using the knobs on the bottom.
8. Aim the crosshairs in the main scope of the point to be marked. Use the looking
knobs on the side of the theodolite to keep it aimed on the point.
Laying out all station
9. Telescope direct backsight point PI press 0set.
10. To locate all the station compute for the deflection angle of each station.
11. From point BC align the tape measure in the vertical cross hair of the theodolite
and measure the chord distance for each station.
Laying out the Radial Station
12. Set up the theodolite at any station, from that point back sight station that will be
the reference point of the angle. Press the zero set button.
13. Turn the theodolite at the corresponding deflection angle of the station that you
back sight plus the 90° angle.
14. Lay down and align the fiberglass tape with the vertical line of the scope.
15. Mark the distance of the roadway and the stake from the center line of the
roadway (left side of the roadway from the theodolite).
16. Turn the scope to the other side and mark the distance of the roadway and the
stake from the center line of the roadway which is the right side of the roadway
from the theodolite. Also, layout the offset distance of the station (0.5
meters on both ends of the roadway’s width).
17. Repeat procedures 12-17 to all the stations, until all of them are plotted. (Note:
Move the theodolite for every station/point).
IV – DRAWING / SKETCH / PHOTO
Laying out a curve by chord and deflection method
PI
3°22'0" 7°52'30" 9°0'0"
6°45'0"
2°15'0" 5°37'30"
1°15'0" 4°30'0"
BC EC
Laying out the Radial Stake Out
V. RESULTS / OBSERVATIONS
We observe that in this fieldwork it is a bit hard for us to lay out a curve due to moving
the theodolite for every station it took us a long time before finishing our fieldwork.
VI. DATA
R = 30 m I = 18° Width of Roadway = 2 m
T = 4.752 m C = 9.386 m Offset of Roadway = 0.5 m
STATION CHORD (m) DEFLECTION ANGLE (Ɵ) RADIAL ANGLE (ϕ)
BC 0 0°00’00” 90°00’00”
1/8 Δ 1.18 1°07’30” 91°07’30”
1/4 Δ 2.36 2°15’00” 91°07’30”
3/8 Δ 3.53 3°22’30” 91°07’30”
MC 4.71 4°30’00” 91°07’30”
5/8 Δ 5.88 5°37’30” 91°07’30”
3/4 Δ 7.05 6°45’00” 91°07’30”
7/8 Δ 8.22 7°52’30” 91°07’30”
EC 9.39 9°00’00” 90°00’00”
VII – FORMULA
𝐼
𝑇𝐵𝐶−𝑃𝐼 = 𝑅𝑡𝑎𝑛 (2)
𝐼
𝐶 = 2𝑅𝑠𝑖𝑛 (2)
𝐼
Ɵ= 2 Δ
ϕ = 90°00′00" + Ɵ1∆
8
where:
T – tangent distance
C – chord length
R – radius
I – central angle
Δ – station (from BC– EC)
Ɵ – deflection angle
ϕ – radial angle
VIII – COMPUTATIONS
STATION CHORD (m) DEFLECTION ANGLE (Ɵ)
BC 18 0 18 0
𝐶𝐵𝐶 = 2(30) sin ( × )=0 𝜃𝐵𝐶 = ( × ) = 0°00′00"
2 8 2 8
1/8 Δ 18 1 18 1
𝐶1∆ = 2(30) sin ( × ) = 1.18 𝜃1∆ = ( × ) = 1°07′30"
8 2 8 8 2 8
1/4 Δ 18 1 18 1
𝐶1∆ = 2(30) sin ( × ) = 2.36 𝜃1∆ = ( × ) = 2°15′00"
4 2 4 4 2 4
3/8 Δ 18 3 18 3
𝐶3∆ = 2(30) sin ( × ) = 3.53 𝜃3∆ = ( × ) = 3°22′30"
8 2 8 8 2 8
MC 18 1 18 1
𝐶𝑀𝐶 = 2(30) sin ( × ) = 4.71 𝜃𝑀𝐶 = ( × ) = 4°30′00"
2 2 2 2
5/8 Δ 18 5 18 5
𝐶5 = 2(30) sin ( × ) = 5.88 𝜃5 = ( × ) = 5°37′30"
8
∆ 2 8 8
∆ 2 8
3/4 Δ 18 3 18 3
𝐶3∆ = 2(30) sin ( × ) = 7.05 𝜃3∆ = ( × ) = 6°45′00"
4 2 4 4 2 4
7/8 Δ 18 7 18 7
𝐶7∆ = 2(30) sin ( × ) = 8.22 𝜃7∆ = ( × ) = 7°52′30"
8 2 8 8 2 8
EC 18 8 18 8
𝐶𝐸𝐶 = 2(30) sin ( × ) = 9.39 𝜃𝐸𝐶 = ( × ) = 9°00′00"
2 8 2 8
𝟏𝟖
𝑻𝑩𝑪−𝑷𝑰 = 𝟑𝟎𝒕𝒂𝒏 ( ) = 𝟒. 𝟕𝟓𝟐 𝒎
𝟐
𝟏𝟖
𝑪 = 𝟐(𝟑𝟎)𝒔𝒊𝒏 ( ) = 𝟗. 𝟑𝟖𝟔 𝒎
𝟐
ϕ = 𝟗𝟎°𝟎𝟎′𝟎𝟎" + 𝟎𝟏°𝟎𝟕’𝟑𝟎” = 𝟗𝟏°𝟎𝟕’𝟑𝟎”
IX – CONCLUSION
We therefore conclude that in this fieldwork through the help of the theodolite it will be easy to
layout a radial stake out. Knowledge at setting up theodolite is a must. You need to accurately
set the instrument at station that you choose for you to have less error.
