Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
JUAN L. FILIPINO MEMORIAL HIGH SCHOOL
Goa, Camarines Sur

Unit: 4
Quarter: 4th
Grade Level: Grade 8
Topic: Digestive System

Subject: Science
Prepared by: Jonnlin F. Baldonado
Field of Specialization: Biological Science

I. Learning Objectives

A. Content Standard:
Demonstrate an understanding of the digestive system and its
interaction with the circulatory, respiratory, and excretory
systems in providing the body with nutrients for energy

B. Performance Standard:
Present an analysis of the data gathered on diseases resulting
from nutrient deficiency

C. Learning Competency:
At the end of 60-minute lesson, the grade 8 students should be
able to:
a. identify the parts and functions of Digestive system
b. explain the process of digestion
c. locate the parts of the digestive system through activity

LC: S8LT-Iva-13
II. Learning Content

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Learning Materials
Visual aids
Exploding box
Puzzled pictures
Worksheets
Illustration of Digestive System

Integrated 21st century skills

Critical thinking skills
Communication
Collaboration

Learner’s Background
Eighty percent of the students are self-regulated learners
III. Learning Experiences ( 7E’s Method)

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

Daily Routine

Good morning Class!

Good morning ma’am!
1. Opening Prayer

Please stand for the prayer.

(The students will stand.)
In the name of the father and of the son
and of the holy spirit. Amen.
In the name of the father and of the son and of
the holy spirit. Amen.
Praise be the name of our Lord Jesus
Christ.

Now and Forever Amen.

In the name of the father and of the son

and of the holy spirit. Amen.
In the name of the father and of the son and of
the holy spirit. Amen.

Before you sit down. Kindly pick up the

pieces of papers under your chairs and
arrange your seats properly.

Yes ma’am.
(Students will pick up the pieces of papers and
will arrange the chairs.)
2. Checking of attendance

Okay, please be seated.

Students will sit down.)
Class beadle, Is there any absentee for today?

Wow, that’s great! Keep it up class. None ma’am.

3. Collecting of Assignments
Last meeting, I have given you an assignment
right?

Everybody pass your assignments. Yes ma’am!

(Students will pass their Assignments.)

A. ELICIT
Okay class, what was our topic last
meeting?
Ma’am!

Yes____?
Last meeting we’ve discussed about the
Periodic table of elements.

Alright correct! So how many elements do

we have in modern periodic table?
118!
That’s right! And who is the father of
Modern Periodic table?
Ma’am!
Yes___?

Dmitri Mendeleev.
Yes very good! I hope we are clear with
that lesson.

B. ENGAGE
For this morning, you are going to
count 1- 8 starting from the first
person in front.
(The students will count
1….2…3…4…5……6…..7…8)
All group 1 kindly stand up.
(The students will stand.)
Group 2 stand
up.3….4…5….6….7….and 8

Okay. I have here an envelope with

puzzle inside. What you are going to do
is to arrange the puzzle to create an
image and its name. After forming an
image you are going to post it on the
board. Am I understood?
Yes ma’am.
Go to your respective groups now and
proceed to your activity
 (The students will perform the activity.)
(After 3 minutes.)
Are you done?
Yes ma’am.
Let’s see. For the group 1. What have
you formed?
Group 1: Esophagus

For the group 2?

Group 2: Stomach

For the group 3?

Group 3: Mouth

For the group 4? Group 4: Small intestine

For the group 5?

Group 5: Large intestine

For the group 6?

Group 6: Anus

For the group 7?

Group 7: Rectum
And for last group?

Group 8: pharynx

Alright. So, Based from your activity,

what do you think is our topic for
today?
Digestive System!

Exactly! Our lesson for today is all

about Digestive system. For this
morning, you are going to identify the
parts and functions of Digestive
system; explain the process of
digestion; and locate the parts of the
digestive system through activity.

C. EXPLORE
I have here worksheets. You are going
to identify and write the name of each
digestive organ.
(Students will do the activity.)

(After 10 minutes)
Are you done?
 Yes ma’am.

Everybody pass your worksheets.

(Students will pass their worksheets.)

Let’s check. How did you do?

Very good!

D. EXPLAIN

So now, I have here a box for you. A

box of information to be exact.

Let’s start with the meaning of

digestive system? what is Digestive
system?
Ma’am

Yes____?
A group of organs working together to
convert food into energy and basic nutrients
to feed the entire body.

That’s right! Our Digestive system is

responsible for taking and converting
food into energy and nutrients in our
body.

So what do we call the process of

breaking down of food? Digestion!

Correct! Digestion is the process of

breaking down of food. We have two
types of digestion- mechanical and
chemical. When we say mechanical, it
is when we chew, tear, and grind the
food using our teeth, while chemical
digestion is a mixture of saliva.

What do we call the enzyme found in

saliva?
Salivary amylase

Very good!
How many main organs do we have in
our digestive system?
 Eight!
Correct! What are those organs?

Esophagus
Small intestine
Stomach
Large intestine
Rectum
Mouth
Anus
Pharynx
Alright! Let’s start with the mouth.
What do you think happens when food
enters the mouth? Let’s say, when you
eat a bread?

Ma’am!
Yes, _____?

Teeth mechanically break down food into

small pieces. Tongue mixes food with saliva.

Very well said! First food enters the

mouth where it is chewed by our teeth,
wets by our saliva that contains an
enzyme. Again what is the enzyme?
salivary amylase
That’s right! That enzyme speeds up
the breakdown of starch into sugar.

From the mouth, what’s the next?

pharynx!

Alright! Actually pharynx is where the

epiglottis located. The epiglottis is a
flap- like structure at the back of the
throat that closes preventing food from
entering the trachea.

After the pharynx, what’s next?

Esophagus

Correct! Approximately an Esophagus

is 20cm long. What happens in the
esophagus?
From the mouth, food pass through the
esophagus which transact food from the
mouth to the stomach by a movement called
peristalsis.
That’s right! What is peristalsis?
Ma’am!

Yes____?
 looks like an ocean wave travelling through
the muscle.

Correct!
If acid gets in here, that’s heartburn or
what we called hyperacidity.

Let’s now proceed to stomach. How do

you describe the stomach?
Ma’am!
Yes___?

A J-shaped muscular bag.

Nice answer. What happens in the
stomach?
It mixes food with digestive juices that
contain enzymes to break down Proteins and
Lipids.
That’s right! The food found in the
stomach is called Chyme.
The stomach forms the food into
smaller portion and contains Hcl that
aids in digestion. It has also pepsin
that breaks down protein into smaller
form.

Now, what group has a small intestine

picture? What is the small intestine?

It is the longest part of the digestive system.

Yes that’s correct. Small intestine are

roughly 7 meters long. So what
happens to the nutrients of food?

Nutrients from the food pass

into the bloodstream through the
small intestine walls.
Alright! So what do we call the lining in
the small intestine walls?

villi
That’s right!
The small intestine absorbs 80%
ingested water, Vitamins, Minerals,,
Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Lipids
Again how many percent of water?
80%

That’s right so, the remaining 20% of

ingested water is accepted by the large
intestine.
How long is the large intestine?

Ma’am!
Yes____?
 About 1.5 meters long.

Alright!
The remains after the water has absorb
are now called Feces or stool. Then it
will be stored in the rectum an excrete
to the anus.

So in summary, the digestive system is

composed of?
The mouth, esophagus, large intestine,
small intestine, rectum, anus, pharynx and
stomach
We have also this what we called
accessory glands. When we say
accessory it means that it is not part of
the path of food but plays a critical
role.
So, who can give me one?

Ma’am!
Yes____?

Liver
Correct!
Any other?
Gall bladder
And the last one is?
pancreas

Very good. Let’s start with the liver. It

directly affects digestion by producing
bile. Again. What organ produces the
bile?
liver
Alright. What about the gall bladder?

Ma’am.

Yes____?
It stores the bile.

Very good. How about the pancreas?

It produces digestive enzymes that digest
fats carbs, and protein.

That’s right.
What enzyme digest proteins?
pepsin

Correct! what about the one that

digests the fats?
hcl

Alright very good.

E. ELABORATE
So now, let’s go back to your puzzle,
can someone arrange the proper order
of the parts of the digestive system
starting from the very beginning up to
the last.

(The students will raise their hands.)

Ma’am!

Yes_____?
Mouth
pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Anus

Okay, Let’s see. Correct!

F. EVALUATE
I guess you are now ready for a quiz.
Get ¼ sheet of paper.

For items 1-3, you are going to choose

the letter of the correct answer. For,
items 4-10, enumerate the following.
Write your answer on your paper.

1. It is the process of breaking down

of food into energy and nutrients.
a. Absorption
b. Ingestion
c. Digestion
d. excretion

2. A group of organs working together

to convert food into energy.
a. Digestive system
b. Reproductive system
c. Skeletal system
d. Muscular system
3. What do you call to the ocean wave
like structures that travels through
the muscle?
a. Epiglottis
b. Peristalsis
c. Chime
d. Bile

4-10. What are the major organs

comprising the digestive system?

Everybody pass your papers.

Let’s check!
(The teacher will exchange the paper of
each group.)

1. It is the process of breaking

down of food into energy and
nutrients.
What is the answer?
c. Digestion

Very good!
2. A group of organs working
together to convert food into
energy.
What’s the answer?
a. Digestive system

Correct!
3. What do you call to the ocean
wave like movement that
travels through the muscle?
b. peristalsis

Correct!
4-10. What are the major organs
comprising the digestive system?

Mouth
pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Anus

Definitely right!
So, who got 10? 9? 8? 7? 6? 5? 4? 3? 2?
1? 0? (The students will raise their hands.)

Wow very good!

Are there any questions?

 None ma’am.

Okay, pass your papers now.

(The students will pass their papers.)

G. EXTEND
For your extention activity, you are
going to make a research about the
different digestive disorders. Write it
in your notebook.

Is that clear?

Yes ma’am.
Okay, I hope you learned something.
Please stand for the prayer.
(The students will stand.)

In the name of the father and of the

son and of the holy spirit. Amen. In the name of the father and of the son and
of the holy spirit. Amen.

Praise be the name of our Lord Jesus

Christ.
Now and Forever Amen.

In the name of the father and of the son

and of the holy spirit. Amen.
In the name of the father and of the son and
of the holy spirit. Amen.

Goodbye class! Thank you for listening.

See you tomorrow!
Goodbye ma’am.