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Block Diagram Reduction Rules PDF

The document discusses block diagram reduction techniques for linear time-invariant systems. It presents examples of simplifying block diagrams using rules for series, parallel, summing junctions and branch points. The techniques are demonstrated by taking a sample block diagram and applying the rules to reduce it to a single transfer function. Block diagram algebra allows representing complex systems with fewer blocks, making the analysis and design more straightforward.

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272 views18 pages

Block Diagram Reduction Rules PDF

The document discusses block diagram reduction techniques for linear time-invariant systems. It presents examples of simplifying block diagrams using rules for series, parallel, summing junctions and branch points. The techniques are demonstrated by taking a sample block diagram and applying the rules to reduce it to a single transfer function. Block diagram algebra allows representing complex systems with fewer blocks, making the analysis and design more straightforward.

Uploaded by

sviji
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Control Systems

Block Diagram

Dr. Juma Yousuf Alaydi


Block Diagram Reduction

Figure 1: Single block diagram representation

Figure 2: Components of Linear Time Invariant Systems (LTIS)


Figure 3: Block diagram components

Figure 4: Block diagram of a closed-loop system with a feedback element


BLOCK DIAGRAM SIMPLIFICATIONS

Figure 5: Cascade (Series) Connections

Figure 6: Parallel Connections


Block Diagram Algebra for Summing Junctions

Figure 7: Summing Junctions

Block Diagram Algebra for Branch Point

Figure 8: Branch Points


Block Diagram Reduction Rules
Table 1: Block Diagram Reduction Rules

Table 2: Basic rules with block diagram transformation


Example 1

H2

R _ C
+_ + G1 + G2 G3
+

H1
Example
H2
G1
R _ C
+_ + + G1 G2 G3
+

H1
Example
H2
G1
R _ C
+_ + + G1G2 G3
+

H1
Example
H2
G1
R _ C
+_ + + G1G2 G3
+

H1
Example
H2
G1
R _ C
G1G2
+_ + G3
1  G1G2 H1
Example
H2
G1
R _ C
G1G2G3
+_ +
1  G1G2 H1
Example

R G1G2G3 C
+_ 1  G1G2 H1  G2G3 H 2
Example

R G1G2G3 C
1  G1G2 H1  G2G3 H 2  G1G2G3
Example 2
Find the transfer function of the following block diagrams

G4
R (s ) Y (s)
G1 G2 G3

H2

H1
I
G4
R(s) B A Y (s)
G1 G2 G3
H2
H1 G2

Solution:

1. Moving pickoff point A ahead of block G2

2. Eliminate loop I & simplify

B
G4  G2G3
G4
R(s)
GG4 
B A G2 G3
Y (s)
G1 2 G 3

H2
H 1G2

3. Moving pickoff point B behind block G4  G2G3


II
R(s) B C
Y (s)
G1 G4  G2G3
H2
H 1G2 1 /(G4  G2G3 )
4. Eliminate loop III

R(s) Y (s)
G1 GG4 4GG 2G2G
3 3
C C

1  H 2 (GH4 2 G2G3 )
G2 H1
G4  G2G3

R(s) G1 (G4  G2G3 ) Y (s)


1  G1G 2 H1  H 2 (G4  G2G3 )

Y ( s) G1 (G4  G2G3 )
T ( s)  
R( s) 1  G1G 2 H1  H 2 (G4  G2G3 )  G1 (G4  G2G3 )

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