NAVIGAT 2100

Fiber-Optic Gyrocompass and Attitude Reference system

The Dynamic Solution

Sperry Marine
FIBER-OPTIC GYROCOMPASS AND ATTITUDE REFERENCE

Fiber-Optic Gyroscope (z-axis)

Navigation Processor and Power Supply
Fiber-Optic Gyroscope (x-axis)

Fiber-Optic Gyroscope (y-axis)

Dual-Axis Electronic Level Sensor

The NAVIGAT 2100 Fiber-Optic Gyrocompass Designed in strapdown technology, the fiber-
is the first solid-state, fully electronic digital optic gyrocompass is attached directly to the
Fiber-Optic gyrocompass system for marine application vessel, eliminating the use of a gimbal
Gyrocompass and in strapdown technology designed for system. This arrangement supplies heading
Attitude Reference integrated bridges and advanced high-speed information and also roll, pitch and rate of
vessels. turn about all three axes.
Sensor Unit
(Shown without cover)
The fundamental principle of the fiber-optic The fiber-optic gyrocompass can also be used
gyrocompass is the invariance of the speed as a sensor for stabilizer systems not only on
of light and the so-called Sagnac effect. merchant marine vessels but also on
Here, a fiber-optic coil is used as a very hydrofoils and catamarans. The extremely
sensitive rate sensor which is capable of short settling time of only 30 minutes will be
measuring the speed of rotation of the earth. of great advantage for fast ferries.
A combination of three such fiber-optic coils
(gyroscopes) and a dual-axis electronic level The very high dynamic accuracy coupled
sensor is able to determine the direction of with the absence of north speed error will
true north. From the three rate of turn much increase the safety of all vessels,
signals and the information from the particularly so that of high-speed craft at
electronic level sensor a complex Kalman high latitudes during frequent maneuvers at
filter computes the direction of the rotation high speed.
Title page: of the earth from which geographical north
PEGASUS ONE built by is derived. The fiber-optic gyrocompass is a complete
Fincantieri for O.B.I. solid-state design with no rotating or other
SYSTEM

moving parts. It has very high reliability

(MTBF) and no maintenance
requirements during its service life.

In addition to the sensor unit, a basic

NAVIGAT 2100 system comprises a control
and display unit, and an interface and
power supply unit. Analogue and digital
display units and other peripheral
1
equipment are supplied with output data
through serial interfaces. It is also
possible to add to the system a second
gyrocompass (of the conventional type as
a back-up for example) and a 2
transmitting magnetic compass system
(flux gate). 3
The Sagnac Effect

In a circular light path with the radius R,

a light wave enters the ring at P (figure
1). Here, the light wave is split into two 4 5
waves which travel in opposite directions, where c is the speed of light. During the Significant Features
clockwise, counterclockwise, through the transit time T the light path rotates at a
ring. Since the light path is assumed as rate of Ω and through an angle Φ = ΩT. • No moving parts.
being ideal, it is therefore identical for both The shortening of one light path (figure 2) • Solid-state technology.
light waves traveling in opposite directions. can be calculated with I = R Φ as: • No maintenance during service life.
Consequently both light waves will arrive L =L-I • High dynamic accuracy.
back at the point of entry P simultaneously. -
The increase in the other light path is: • Short settling time.
Here the waves rejoin and leave the ring. • Heading, roll, pitch and rate sensor.
L =L+I
+ • Meets all IMO recommendations
The total difference in path length is:
including high-speed code.
ΔL = L - L = 2I = 2 R Φ
+ - • High mean time between failure (MTBF).
If the difference is divided by the wave • Compact, low-weight design.
length of the light wave, the difference in • Low power consumption.
Fig. 1 Fig. 2 units of wave length is obtained. • Data transmission via serial interface.
Considering that a wave length γ is • NMEA 0183 FAST output.
The transit time of each wave through the equivalent to a phase angle of 2π, the path • RS 422 SUPER FAST output.
ring can be measured with a very sensitive difference can be expressed as a phase shift
detector. What happens when the light path • Second gyrocompass and magnetic
between the two light waves:
compass input.
rotates when the light waves are traveling Φ = 2πΔL/γ
through the ring? Assume that the light s • All repeater compasses self-aligning via
This phase shift is also called Sagnac serial interface.
path rotates clockwise. The entry and exit phase. To sum up: the rotation of two light
point P will move towards the wave • Additional analogue outputs for all rate
waves traveling in opposite directions of turn signals.
traveling counterclockwise and away from results in a phase shift. If the
the clockwise wave. One wave will travel • Compass monitor and heading selector
aforementioned relationships are function to NAUT-AW.
over a longer distance to reach the exit combined, they result in the following
point P, the other wave over a shorter • Automatic emergency power changeover
equation for the link between Sagnac phase to GMDSS.
distance. The light path with a radius of R and rotation rate:
has a circumference of L = 2π R. The • Independent, short-circuit proof repeater
transit time for the path L is: Φ = 4πRL Ω outputs.
s γc
T = L/c • Built-in test equipment.
• Basic system comprises only three units:
 Sperry Marine

6 7
8
Sensor Unit, Control and Display the user with all necessary 7 The cursor keys simplify the selection
Unit and Interface and Power Supply operational data and speed, latitude, of menu pages and the editing of
Unit. longitude, roll and pitch angles, rate operational data.
• Type approved to the High-Speed of turn about all three axes (x, y, z).
Craft Code in accordance with the 8 Key pad with 16 logically arranged
EC Council Directive 96/98/EC. 3 Selects GYRO 1 as heading sealed-foil keys for the input of
• The Rate-of-Turn output is type information source (selection only operational data, selection of menu
approved to the High-Speed Craft in a manual steering mode). pages, alarm reset, test function and
Code and in accordance with the EC illumination control.
Council Directive 96/98/EC and also 4 Selects GYRO 2 as heading
fulfills IMO Resolution A.526(3) information source (selection only
in a manual steering mode).
Controls and Displays Award Winning Technology
5 Selects magnetic compass
1 Liquid crystal heading display with as heading information
LED background illumination. source (selection only in a
Indicates in 4 lines of each 9
manual steering mode).
characters the headings of GYRO 1,
GYRO 2 and the MAGNETIC
compass, and also the preset 6 Function keys. In
heading Difference ALARM combination with the main
threshold. The difference in heading display, the function keys
alarm is selectable between: GYRO 1 provide the user with a
and GYRO 2, or GYRO 1 and menu-controlled, high-
MAGNETIC compass, or GYRO 2 and
level operation dialogue.
MAGNETIC compass. The alarm
threshold range is from 1° to 35° in
increments of 1°.
2 Main liquid crystal display with 112 The 1997 Seatrade Award for Innovation was won
characters in 4 lines and LED by the NAVIGAT 2100 Fiber-Optic Gyrocompass.
background illumination. Provides
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

NAVIGAT 2100 Basic System

Control and Display Unit
Senor Unit

RS 422
Interface and
Power Supply Unit
24 VDC Power Supply

Power Supply 115/230 VAC

max. 250 VA 18- 36 VDC

12 off NMEA 0183 (TTL) Heading outputs

to analogue and digital
repeaters, radar and
navigation systems
Position NMEA 0183
Position NMEA 0183

NMEA 0183 (TTL) HDG, ROT, Roll, Pitch, X/Y-Rate, Speed, Pos.
Electronic Compass NMEA 0183 (TTL) HDG, ROT, Roll, Pitch, X/Y-Rate, Speed, Pos.
NMEA 0183
NMEA 0183 (RS 422) HDG, ROT, Roll, Pitch, X/Y-Rate, Speed, Pos.
Magnetic Compass with NMEA 0183 (RS 422) HDG, ROT, Roll, Pitch, X/Y-Rate, Speed, Pos.
Flux gate sine/cosine NMEA 0183 (RS 422) FAST HDG, ROT, Roll, Pitch
NMEA 0183 (RS 422) SUPER FAST HDG, ROT, Roll, Pitch, X/Y-Rate

HDLC acc. to ISO 3309 (optional) 6 Steps/1° Heading Output (24 VDC/0,25 A)
Optional 6 Steps/1° Heading Output (24 VDC/0,25 A)
200 pulses/nm Analogue Output (±10 V) X-Rate
Speed RS 422 or NMEA 0183 Analogue Output (±10 V) Y-Rate
RS 422 or NMEA 0183 Analogue Output (±10 V) Rate of Turn
Analogue Output (4-20 mA) X-Rate
Status
NAVIPRINT
Accessory Equipment Rudder 1, analogue Alarms
Rudder 2, analogue
Status

Universal Digital Repeater

Weight: 650 g

Bearing repeater Prismatic azimuth Jupiter

compass with 360° device PV 23 Magnetic Compass
card in a bulwark Weight: 1 kg
console
Weight: 10.3 kg
Bearing repeater com-
pass with 360° card in a
stand with azimuth
device PV 23
Total weight: 16.1 kg

NAVIPRINT Bulkhead repeater Console repeater Steering repeater

Navigation Data compass with compass with compass for console
Printer 360° card 360° card mounting with 360°
Weight: 8 kg Weight: 2.9 kg Weight: 1.5 kg and 10° compass
cards Weight: 1.5 kg
 ACCURACY (under all conditions) POWER CONSUMPTION
Heading ≤0.7° secant latitude Startup and operation
Roll/pitch angle ≤0.5° (DC) 45 W
Rate of turn ≤0.4°/minute Each repeater compass 7W
x/y rate ≤0.4°/minute
Secant latitude = 1/cosine latitude CURRENT CONSUMPTION
115 VAC 450 mA
RANGE 230 VAC 225 mA
Heading 0° to 360° 24 VDC 1.9 A
Roll & pitch (optional) ±45° (±180° with
reduced accuracy) DIMENSIONS
Rates (X, Y, Z) ±80°/sec. Sensor Unit
Sperry Marine Width 292 mm
SETTLING TIME Depth 340 mm
www.sperrymarine.northropgrumman.com Static conditions ≤30 minutes Height 170 mm
For more information, please contact: Sea conditions ≤45 minutes Weight 11.5 kg
Rate of turn ≤4 minutes Magnetic clearance to
standard magnetic compass 0.80 m
AMERICAS steering magnetic compass 0.65 m
Charlottesville, VA USA ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS Reduced magnetic clearance to
Tel:: +1 434-974-2000 In accordance with EN 60945 (IEC 945+A1) standard magnetic compass 0.50 m
Fax: +1 434-974-2259 Ambient temperature steering magnetic compass 0.40 m
Melville, NY USA Protection grade IP23
Tel: +1 631-719-4736 Operation -15°C to +55°C
Fax: +1 631-719-4630 Storage -35°C to +70°C The Sensor Unit is supplied with two prefabricated intercon-
nection cables.
ASIA
SIGNAL OUTPUTS
China, Shanghai Interface and Power Supply Unit
Tel: +86-21-5836-9978 NMEA(TTL)heading output 12 repeaters
Width 524 mm
Fax: +86-21-5836-9979 NMEA (TTL) 2 all data
Hong Kong, Sheung Wan Depth 341 mm
NMEA (RS 422) 2 all data
TeL: +852-2581-9122 Height 123 mm
Fax: +852-2581-9967 NMEA (RS 422) FAST 1 HDG, ROT, ROLL,
Weight 15 kg
Japan, Tokyo PITCH
Ph: +81 (0)-3-3863-7401 Magnetic clearance to
NMEA (RS 422)SUPER FAST 1 all data standard magnetic compass 0.65 m
Fax: +81 (0)-3-3863-7455
Singapore 6 steps/degree 2 heading outputs (24 steering magnetic compass 0.50 m
Tel: +65-6274-3332 VDC/0.25 A each) Reduced magnetic clearance to
Fax: +65-6271-3339 Analogue ±10 V 3 rate signals standard magnetic compass 0.40 m
South Korea, Busan steering magnetic compass 0.30 m
Tel: +82-51-247-7455 Analogue 4 to 20 mA 1 rate signal Protection grade IP23
Fax: +82-51-247-7454 HDLC 1 all data, bidirectional
Taiwan, Kaohsiung (optional)
Tel: +886-7-331-7786 Control and Display Unit
Fax: +886-7-331-7924
SIGNAL INPUTS
CANADA
Position NMEA 0183
Nova Scotia, Halifax
Tel: +1 902-468-9479 Speed NMEA 0183/200
Fax: +1 902-468-9480 pulse/nm (max. 100 Width 288 mm
kts) Height 96 mm
EUROPE
Second gyrocompass NMEA 0183 Depth 55 mm
Belgium, Antwerp
Tel: +32-3-233-14-33 Magnetic compass Weight 0.7 kg
Fax: +32-3-225-05-53 heading NMEA 0183 or Magnetic clearance to
Denmark, Copenhagen sine/cosine signal standard magnetic compass 0.40 m
Tel: +45-77-33-66-33 steering magnetic compass 0.30 m
Fax: +45-77-33-66-11 POWER REQUIREMENTS
115/230 VAC 50/60 Hz and/or 24 VDC (18 V-36 V) Reduced magnetic clearance to
Germany, Hamburg
standard magnetic compass 0.30 m
Tel: +49-40-299-00-0 Includes automatic switchover to 24 V emergency steering magnetic compass 0.30 m
Fax: +49-40-299-00-146 power supply in accordance with GMDSS Rules for Protection grade (installed) IP23
Holland, Vlaardingen
INMARSAT/SES Terminals.
Tel: +31(0)-10-4451600
Fax: +31(0)-10-4345015
Norway, Bergen Sperry Marine, with worldwide headquarters in Charlottesville, VA, and major engineering and support offices in Melville, NY,
Tel: +47-55-94-94-94 New Malden, England, and Hamburg, Germany, is part of the Northrop Grumman Electronic Systems sector.
Fax: +47-55-34-52-27 This brochure and the information herein is the intellectual property of Northrop Grumman Sperry Marine B.V.
[NGSM B.V.] and it's associate companies and may not be copied or reproduced without the express permission of
United Kingdom, New Malden NGSM B.V. Specifications were correct at time of press but may be varied in accordance with NGSM B.V.'s policy of
Tel: +44(0)-20 8329-2000 continuous product development, any technical content should be verified with NGSM B.V.
Fax: +44(0)-20 8329-2415 © March 2005 Northrop Grumman BR-0117 · 06/05 · Printed in Hamburg, Germany Over 400 Locations Worldwide