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1 - Introduction To Steel Design

The document provides information about the CVEN9822 Steel and Composite Structures course offered in Semester 2, 2019 at UNSW. It includes details about tutorial times and locations in the first few weeks. It then provides a brief history of steel structures from the 18th century to present day. The document discusses the properties and characteristics of mild steel, including its ductility. It also outlines the stress-strain behavior of structural steel. Finally, it mentions some of the key aspects of the Australian steel design standard AS4100, including its limit state design approach and consideration of strength and serviceability limit states.

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116 views19 pages

1 - Introduction To Steel Design

The document provides information about the CVEN9822 Steel and Composite Structures course offered in Semester 2, 2019 at UNSW. It includes details about tutorial times and locations in the first few weeks. It then provides a brief history of steel structures from the 18th century to present day. The document discusses the properties and characteristics of mild steel, including its ductility. It also outlines the stress-strain behavior of structural steel. Finally, it mentions some of the key aspects of the Australian steel design standard AS4100, including its limit state design approach and consideration of strength and serviceability limit states.

Uploaded by

krainajacka
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CVEN9822 Steel and Composite Structures

Semester 2, 2019

School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW

INTRODUCTION
Course Outline

Tutorials

Tutorial classes start in Week 2


Venue: Mat 310, RedC M032, ChemSc M10
Time: 10.00-11.00 am
History of Steel Structures

(The Iron bridge crosses the


Severn River in England, 1779)

1780 - 1840 Cast Iron.


arch-shaped bridges up to 30m span.

1840 - 1890 Wrought (worked) Iron.


Spans up to 100m.

1870 - 1920 Bessemer Converter (Rolled shapes)


Introduction to Carbon Steel.

1920 - To date Third most popular construction material


after Concrete and Timber.
Structural Steel – Mild Steel

Steel with less than 0.16-0.29% carbon


Economic, Ductile
Box sections
Hot-rolled into standard shapes
Easily fabricated by welding

Standard sections Cell Form Beams


Typical Steel Fabrication Shop

fabrication workshop hot rolling


Floor Beams
Ductility
The most important material characteristic of mild steel is its
ductility.

Ductility is the ability of the material to undergo large strains with


little increase in stress, prior to failure.

The advantages of ductility are:


It can give prior warning of impending failure
It allows energy absorption in dynamic loading or in resisting brittle
fracture
It allows for redistribution of actions, which is usually benign
Properties of mild steel
Stress Not to scale
Upper yield stress
fu

Strain hardening Est


fy

Tensile rapture
Plastic

Elastic E

y st
Strain

Idealised stress-strain relationship for structural steel


N.B. The same stress-strain curve is assumed in compression,
but we shall see that buckling of members and elements in compression
usually prevents high strains from being realised
Idealised Stress-Strain () Diagram


Yielding under biaxial stresses
Mises Yield Criterion
Mohr Circle Construction
Uniaxial
tension
1.0
Pure Uniaxial
shear tension

-1.0 1.0

Uniaxial
compression

-1.0 Maximum distortion-energy


criterion:
f1, f2 – normal stresses f12-f1f2+f2 2+ 32= fy2
 – shear stress
Steel Structures Code
Section
Section
Section
Section 5 59
to
4
6,7243& 88
Section
Section
Connections
Engineered
Design
Member AS 4100
Capacity
Section 1ofof
Properties
Method
Timber
of subjected
Connections
Design Capacity
Introduction
Timber to- -
Structural
Products
•nails, screws -
-
of bending
•Bolting
Members - -
scope,
•eng. Properties
Analysis
Australian
•bolts, Standard
coach screws
•plywood
•Welding
Reconfirmed in 2016 Steeldefinitions,
•tension
strength
•shear (f ’)
Structures
connectors,
•Elastic
Including Amendments from •poles
stiffness
notation,
•Section (E)
capacity
•compression
split rings
•Plastic
2012. •glulam
•Modif’n
•Member
units
•combined
•bending
•Member factors
capacity
(N,buckling-
k•Frame
modifies
•LVL strength
buckling
mm,
actions MPa)

Standards Australia
Design approach of AS4100
Based on limit state design

Principal limit states


 Strength (ultimate limit state), concerned
with ‘collapse’:
– yielding
– buckling
– overturning
 Serviceability limit state, concerned with
‘function’:
– deflection
– vibration
Strength limit state design principles

Define relevant limit states


Determine appropriate actions
Analyse using appropriate methods and
accounting for variability to determine:
 Design effects { S* }, and
 Design resistance { R }
Ensure no limit state is exceeded

= 0.9 (for steel members, Mu, Vu, Nu)


 = 0.6-0.9 (connectors and connections)
DESIGN LOADS - GENERAL
For the design of structural steelwork the following loads and influences
shall be considered:

G - Dead loads, including the weight of steelwork and all permanent


materials of construction, partitions, stationary equipment, and additional
weight of concrete and finishes resulting from deflections of supporting
members, and the forces due to prestressing;

Q – Live loads, including load due to intended use and occupancy of


structures; movable equipment, snow, rain, soil, or hydrostatic pressure;
impact; and any other live load stipulated by the regulatory authority;

T – Influences resulting from temperature changes, shrinkage, or creep of


component materials;

W – Live load due to wind;

E – Live load due to earthquake


Serviceability Limit State
The following conditions may need to be considered:
 excessive deflections Appearance, discomfort of occupants,
damage to non-structural members
 excessive vibrations (glass/masonry)

Both conditions are associated with stiffness rather than


strength
For many buildings, controlling deflections will also limit
vibrations
Serviceability Limits

Code gives guidance only


(i.e. /L = 1/250, 1/500, etc.)

Main message is - THINK and discuss with client

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