Tdemacno PDF
Tdemacno PDF
User’s manual
Asynchronous - Firmware version 12.2
Cod. MW00001E00 V_4.3
Firmware Tde Macno
User’s manual
Asynchronous - Firmware
version 12.2
Cod. MW00001E00 V_4.3
SUMMARY
1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................... 4
1.1 PARAMETERS (P) ..................................................................................................... 4
1.2 CONNECTIONS (C) ................................................................................................... 5
1.3 INPUT LOGIC FUNCTIONS (I) .................................................................................. 5
1.4 INTERNAL VALUES (D) ............................................................................................ 5
1.5 OUTPUT LOGIC FUNCTIONS (O) ............................................................................ 5
2 ASYNCHRONOUS PARAMETERS........................................................ 6
2.1 DRIVE AND MOTOR COUPLING ............................................................................. 6
MW00001E00 V_4.3 1
3.1.7 Second Sensor.................................................................................................................. 73
4 CATALOG APPLICATIONS.................................................................. 92
4.1 INPUTS.................................................................................................................... 93
7 DISPLAY............................................................................................. 112
7.1 PHYSICAL DISPOSITION..................................................................................... 112
7.2 LAYOUT OF THE INTERNAL VARIABLES .......................................................... 112
2 MW00001E00 V_4.3
7.2.1 Parameters (Par) ............................................................................................................. 113
7.2.2 Application Parameters (App).......................................................................................... 113
7.2.3 Connections (Con) .......................................................................................................... 114
7.2.4 Internal Values (Int) ......................................................................................................... 114
7.2.5 Allarms (All) ..................................................................................................................... 115
7.2.6 Logic Functions of Input (Inp) .......................................................................................... 115
7.2.7 Logic Functions of Output (Out) ...................................................................................... 116
7.2.8 Utilities Commands (UTL) ............................................................................................... 116
7.2.9 Fieldbus Parameters (FLB) ............................................................................................. 117
7.2.10 Usb port commands (USB) ............................................................................................. 117
7.4.1 Sub-Menu of Parameters, Application Parameters and Connections Management ........ 119
7.4.2 Visualization of the Internal Values (INT) ........................................................................ 120
7.4.3 Alarms (ALL) ................................................................................................................... 121
7.4.4 Visualization of the Input and Output (Inp and Out)......................................................... 121
7.4.5 Sub-menu of USB port Management .............................................................................. 122
MW00001E00 V_4.3 3
1 INTRODUCTION
To help the customer during the configuration of the drive, the manual is organized to follow faithfully
the structure of the configurator (OPDExplorer) that allows, according to a logical sequence, to set all
the sizes needed for the proper functioning of the drive.
In particular, each chapter refers to a specific folder of OPDExplorer which includes all the relative
parameters.
Also, at the beginning of each chapter of the manual, is showed the location of the folder in the
OPDExplorer tree, which the chapter refer, and the complete table of sizes of the folder in question.
The control values are divided as follows:
• Parameters
• Connections
• Input logic functions
• Internal values
• Output logic functions
In the tables of the control value, the last column on the right “Scale” shows the internal representation
base of the parameters. This value is important if the parameters have to be red or written with a serial
line or fieldbus and represent the factor which to divide the value stored to obtain the real value set, as
following indicated:
Examples:
MAIN_SUPPLY P87 – Main supply voltage
Value = 400
Scale = 10
Int. rep. = 4000
The parameters are drive configuration values that have displayed as a number within a set range. The
parameters have mostly displayed as percentages, which is especially useful if the motor or drive size
has to be changed in that only the reference values (P61÷P65) have to be modified and the rest
changes automatically. The parameters are split up into free, reserved and TDE MACNO reserved
parameters.
The following rules apply:
Free parameters (black text in OPDExplorer): may be changed without having to open any key, even
when running;
Reserved parameters (blu text in OPDExplorer): may be changed only at a standstill after having
opened the reserved parameter key in P60 or the TDE MACNO reserved parameters key in P99;
TDE MACNO reserved parameters (violet text in OPDExplorer): may be changed only at a standstill
after having opened the TDE MACNO reserved parameters key in P99. While the key for these
parameters is closed, they won’t be shown on the display.
Take careful note of the reference values for each parameter so that they are set correctly.
4 MW00001E00 V_4.3
1.2 CONNECTIONS (C)
The connections are drive configuration values that are displayed as a whole number in the same way
as a digital selector.
They are split up into free, reserved and TDE MACNO reserved connections, and are changed in the
same way as the parameters.
The internal representation base is always as whole number.
The input logic functions are 32 commands that come from configured terminal board logic inputs, from
the serial line, and from the fieldbus. The meaning of this logical functions depend on the application,
so please refer to specific documentation.
Internal values are 128 variables within the drive that can be shown on the display or via serial on the
supervisor. They are also available from the fieldbus.
The first 64 values are referred to motor control part and are always present. The second 64 values are
application specific.
Pay close attention to the internal representation base of these values as it is important if readings are
made via serial line or fieldbus.
The logic functions are 64, the first 32 display drive status and second 32 are application specific. All
output functions can be assigned to one of the 4 logic outputs.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 5
FIRMWARE VERSION 12.2
2 ASYNCHRONOUS PARAMETERS
The “Asyncrhonous Parameters” are used to control the current or speed of a feedback vector
induction motor. The speed and current reference values are generated by the application. See the
application parameters for further information. As an absolute position value is not required for the
sensors (managed with an optional internal electronic board) incremental TTL Encoders and
incremental Sin/Cos Encoders may be used. Absolute sensors such as Resolver can also be used, as
can digital sensors such as Endat or Hiperface if required.
The “Asyncrhonous Parameters” also manages the auto-tuning test, which is crucial if the control is to
adapt perfectly to the motor and to ensure excellent dynamic performance all-round.
This section is usefull during motor start-up to obtain the best coupling between drive and motor. It’s
very important to follow the correct sequence explained in the next paragraphs
6 MW00001E00 V_4.3
2.1.1.1 Drive Current Overload Selection
NB: the choice also changes the rated drive current as shown by the tables in the installation manual
and the correct value is always displayed in ampere rms in P53.
The delivered current is also used to calculate the operating temperature reached by the power
component junctions with the drive presumed to be working with standard ventilation at the maximum
ambient temperature permitted.
If this temperature reaches the maximum value permitted for the junctions, the delivered power limit is
restricted to a value that is just over the rated drive current, i.e. the system’s effective thermal current
(see following table).
Now the drive will only overload if the temperature drops below the rated value, which will only occur
after a period of operation at currents below the rated current.
The junction temperature calculation also considers the temperature increase that occurs while
operating at low frequencies (below 2.5 Hz), due to the fact that the current is sinusoidal and thus has
peak values that are higher than the average value. With electrical operating frequencies lower than
2.5Hz, the drive goes into maximum overload for 20-30ms, after which, the maximum current limit is
reduced by √2 as shown by the following chart:
C56 Max. drive current Drive thermal current Limit below 2.5 Hz
The overload time indicated in the table above is referred to a drive running steady at rated motor
current for a time set at 300s.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 7
N.B. = The overload time is bound to the drive output current before the overload request and how long
this current is delivered for. Reducing this time (so increasing the frequency of overload request) the
available overload time will decrease.
If the average delivered current is lower than the rated motor current before the overload request, then
the overload time will increase. So the overload will be available for a longer or identical time to the
ones shown.
Note that, if the overload current is equal to the drive thermal current, it may be delivered for an
unlimited time.
N.B. 3 = ٭the 200% overload is available until junction temperatures are estimated to be 95% of the
rated value; at the rated value the maximum limit becomes 180%. For repeated work cycles, TDE
MACNO is available to estimate the drive’s actual overload capacity.
With connection C94 “DRV_TH_MODEL”=2 is possible to enable a new current overload management.
Please contact TDE MACNO spa for further informations.
With connection C68 “EN_PWM_VAR”= 2 (Double Update) the motor control routines have the refresh
frequency set with P101 “DRV_F_PWM”, but the real PWM frequency (for IGBT control) is half of that
value, for reduce power loses and consequently Drive derating.
When the Double Update function is enabled, the second sensor is no louger managed.
In addiction, the minimum ratio between the control frequency and the output frequency will always be
9, therefore there will be an automatic control frequency change based on output frequency.
8 MW00001E00 V_4.3
2.1.2 Motor Plate
Setting the parameters that establish the exact type of motor used is important if the drive is to run
correctly. These parameters are:
Name Description
These parameters are fundamental in that they are the basis of all the motor operating characteristics:
frequency, speed, voltage, current, torque and thermal protection.
P62 and P63 can be read directly on the motor rating plate and P61 can be calculated with the
following formula:
P61 = (Inom_motor *100.0))/(Inom_drive)
There are also parameters that establish the maximum values for voltage, thermal current and
operating speed:
Name Description
These important parameters must be specified alongside the exact characteristics of the feedback
sensor used. Once the sensor has been established, the “Sensor and motor pole tests” can be
carried out (enabled with C41) which will confirm that the parameters have been set correctly.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 9
2.1.3 Motor Sensor
Defa
Name Description Min Max UM Scale
ult
Range
0 Sensorless
1 Encoder
4 Resolver
5 Resolver DDC
8 Sin/Cos incr
SENSOR_SEL C00 - Speed sensor 1 1
10 Endat 1317
11 Endat 1329
14 Endat 125
15 Endat 129
20 Biss AD361219
21 Biss RA18
P68 - Number of absolute sensor
RES_POLE 1 12 2 1
poles
P69 - Number of encoder
ENC_PPR 0 60000 1024 pulses/rev 1
pulses/revolution
C74 - Enable incremental encoder
EN_TIME_DEC_ENC 0 1 0 1
time decode
P89 - Tracking loop bandwidth
RES_TRACK_LOOP_BW 100 10000 1800 rad/s 1
direct decoding of resolver
RES_TRACK_LOOP_DAMP P90 - D Traking loop bandwidth 0.00 5.00 0.71 100
Range
-3 f PWM ÷8
-2 f PWM ÷4
-1 f PWM ÷2
RES_CARR_FRQ_RATIO C67 - Resolver carrier frequency 0 1
0 f PWM
1 f PWM x2
2 f PWM x4
3 f PWM x8
EN_SENSOR_TUNE U04 - Enable sensor autotuning 0 2 0 1
10 MW00001E00 V_4.3
For correct motor sensor setup is necessary to set the motor sensor present:
Name Description
Name Description
MW00001E00 V_4.3 11
2.1.4 Autotuning Control and Motor Measured Model
12 MW00001E00 V_4.3
2.1.4.1 Auto-Tuning Procedures
The first step for the auto-tuning procedure is the sensor test.
After to set the correct parameters in the motor sensor section is necessary to complete the auto-
tuning procedure for the sensor present and selected.
With C41=1 it’s possible to enable the sensor test with automatic sensor signals offset and gain
compensation. If the user prefers to compensate sensor offset and gain manually, setting C41=2 it’s
possible to execute sensor test without signals compensation.
After setting the drive to STOP and opening the reserved parameter key (P60=95), set C41=1 to
enable the test. The following setting will appear on the display:
The drive is now ready to start the test. To start reading, enable RUN with its digital input or working
with connection C21 (commands in series). Once the test has started, this setting will appear on the
display:
and the motor will rotate in the positive direction first to ensure the direction matches and will then
rotate again to ensure the motor phases and the sensor are set correctly.
During the test, the motor will make at last two revolution at low speed.
Do not worry if these revolutions are a little noisy.
If the drive sets off an alarm during the test, an error has occurred. Check to see which alarm has been
triggered and deal with the problem accordingly:
o If A14 code=1 is enabled, the test current is too low, check if the motor phases are
correctly connected to the drive
o If A14 code=0 is enabled, connections U, V, W do not match the internal phases of the
drive. Invert two phases and repeat the test.
o If A15 code=3 is enabled, the values set do not comply with the motor pole and sensor
settings.
At the end of the test, check parameters TEST_CONN_PULSES or TEST_CONN_RES_RATIO as it
may give some indication as to the problem; these parameters are available only by supervisor
OPDExplorer in the “Autotuning control” section.
The test is successful if this setting appears on the display:
MW00001E00 V_4.3 13
2.1.4.2 TTL Encoder
It’s necessary to have set correctly the parameter P69 (Encoder pulses per revolution) in order to
define the Encoder
By default (C74=0) the speed is measuring counting the number of pulses in the PWM period.
This produces a poor resolution especially at low speed and the consequent need of signal filtering
(see the related core document, P33 parameter of speed regulator).
Setting C74=1 the speed calculation is done measuring the time between one Encoder pulse to the
other. This technique has a maximum resolution of 12.5 ns, so the measure can be very accurate.
The Encoder time decode needs Incremental Encoder pulses with duty-cycle of 50%, a correct pulses
time distribution and the cables would be shielded very well
It is in two parts:
o Check that the direction of rotation of the motor phases and the Encoder correspond;
o Check that the number of motor poles is written correctly in parameter P67 and the
Encoder used is correctly define as pulses per revolution with parameter P69
After setting the drive to STOP and opening the reserved parameter key (P60=95), set C41=1 to
enable the test. To start the test enable RUN command with its digital input.
Once the test has started the motor will rotate in the positive direction at low speed and all Encoder
edges are counted.
During the test, the motor will make a complete revolution at low speed.
Do not worry if this revolution is a little noisy
In the first step is checked if the cyclic sense of motor phases and Encoder channels is the same:
after 1 second parameter TEST_CONN_PULSES is updated with the test result and the drive
consequently goes in alarm A14 or t starts the second test:
In the second part is checked the Encoder pulses reading, well known from P69 parameter the number
of edges in a mechanical turn.
o At the end of the test, TEST_CONN_PULSES is updated again with the total edges number:
TEST_CONN_PULSES - P69|/ TEST_CONN_PULSES < 12,5% : test is successful,
otherwise the alarm A15.3 is triggered. In the first check if it is correct the Encoder number of
pulses per revolution and the number of motor poles;
o TEST_CONN_PULSES < P69: the real pulses counted are less than expected. Encoder
could have some problems or the motor load is too high. Try to increase the test current with
parameter P114 that is the percentage of rated drive current applied in the test;
o TEST_CONN_PULSES > P69: the real pulses counted are more than expected. Could be
some noise in the Encoder signals.
Note: for encoder with more than 8192 ppr the data showed in TEST_CONN_PULSES loses of meaning
The test is successful if the drive switch off and does not trigger an alarm. Now disable RUN command
by setting its digital input to 0. The subsequent tests can now be carried out.
14 MW00001E00 V_4.3
2.1.4.3 Resolver/Resolver DDC
It is in three parts:
o Check that the direction of rotation of the motor phases and the Resolver correspond;
o Autotuning resolver signals
o Check that the number of motor poles is written correctly in parameter P67 and the
Resolver used is correctly define as poles number with parameter P68
After setting the drive to STOP and opening the reserved parameter key (P60=95), set C41=1 to
enable the test. To start the test enable RUN command.
Once the test has started the motor will rotate in the positive direction at low speed and some measure
are done on Resolver signals.
During the test, the motor will make two revolutions at low speed.
Do not worry if this revolutions are a little noisy.
In the first step is checked if the cyclic sense of motor phases and Resolver channels is the same: after
1 second parameter TEST_CONN_PULSES is updated with the pulses number counted (there are
65536 pulses every turn/Resolver polar couples) and the drive consequently goes in alarm A14 or it
starts the second test:
At the end of the test, TEST_CONN_RES_RATIO is updated again with the measured ratio between
motor and resolver polar couple number.
If the ratio isn’t correct the alarm A15.3 is triggered. In the first check if it is correct the Resolver poles
number and the number of motor poles, with help of TEST_CONN_RES_RATIO.
The test is successful if the drive switch off and does not trigger an alarm. Now disable RUN command
by setting its digital input to 0. The subsequent tests can now be carried out.
Sensor presence is checked only with STO off and power soft start completed.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 15
2.1.4.4 Incremental SIN COS Encoder
It is in three parts:
o Check that the direction of rotation of the motor phases and the Encoder correspond;
o Autotuning incremental sin/cos signals
o Check that the number of motor poles is written correctly in parameter P67 and the
Encoder used is correctly define as pulses per revolution with parameter P69
After setting the drive to STOP and opening the reserved parameter key (P60=95), set C41=1 to
enable the test. To start the test enable RUN command.
Once the test has started the motor will rotate in the positive direction at low speed and all Encoder
edges are counted.
During the test, the motor will make a complete revolution at low speed.
Do not worry if this revolution are a little noisy
In the first step is checked if the cyclic sense of motor phases and Encoder channels is the same:
after 1 second parameter TEST_CONN_PULSES is updated with the test result and the drive
consequently goes in alarm A14 or it starts the second test:
o TEST_CONN_PULSES=0 : meaning that is missing at least one Encoder channel,
therefore A14 code 0 is triggered
o TEST_CONN_PULSES <0 : meaning that Encoder channels are exchanged,
therefore A14 code 0 is triggered
o TEST_CONN_PULSES >0 : everything is ok
In the second part is checked the Encoder pulses reading, well known from P69 parameter the number
of edges in a mechanical turn.
At the end of the test, TEST_CONN_PULSES is updated again with the total edges number:
o TEST_CONN_PULSES - (P69)|/(P69) < 12,5% : test is successful
otherwise the alarm A15.3 is triggered. In the first check if it is correct the Encoder
number of pulses per revolution and the number of motor poles.
o TEST_CONN_PULSES < (P69): the real pulses counted are less than expected.
Encoder could have some problems or the motor load is too high. Try to increase the
test current with parameter P114 that is the percentage of rated motor current
applied in the test (default value 50%).
o TEST_CONN_PULSES > (P69) : the real pulses counted are more than expected.
Could be some noise in the Encoder signals.
The test is successful if the drive switch off and does not trigger an alarm. Now disable RUN command.
The subsequent tests can now be carried out.
Starting from 12.10 revision, the accuracy of absolute position is been improved.
Now a different behavior could be achieved using the first or the second OPDE SLOT:
o In the first SLOT the Sincos Zero Top is managed storing only the digital counter every turn.
This is the classic solution, in this way the accuracy is ± 1 pulse.
o In the second SLOT the SinCos Zero Top is stored with 32 bits, only in correspondence of
the first edge. In this case using a time stamp function is possible to increase the accuracy at
less than 1/8 of pulse. Wanting to use this function with the main sensor (motor sensor) just
swap the slots with C19.
Sensor presence is checked only with S.T.O. off and power soft start completed.
16 MW00001E00 V_4.3
2.1.4.5 ENDAT 22 / BISS
BiSS sensor:
o AD36 1219 with 19 bit Single turn, 12 bit Multi turn
o RA18 with 18 bit Single turn
ENDAT 22 sensors with 17 bit Single turn or Multiturn; 25 bit or 29 bit single turn
o ECI 1317 with 17 bit on turn
o EQI 1329 with 17 bit on turn and 12 bit multi-turn
o RCN 8580 with 29 bit on turn
o ECN 125 with 25 bits on turn
o Check that the direction of rotation of the motor phases and the Endat/BiSS correspond;
o Check that the number of motor poles is written correctly in parameter P67 and the
Endat/BiSS used works correctly.
After setting the drive to STOP and opening the reserved parameter key (P60=95), set C41=1 to
enable the test. To start the test enable RUN command with its digital input.
Once the test has started the motor will rotate in the positive direction at low speed and all Encoder
edges are counted.
During the test, the motor will make a complete revolution at low speed.
Do not worry if this revolution is a little noisy.
In the first step is checked if the cyclic sense of motor phases and Endat/BiSS sensor is the same:
after 1 second parameter TEST_CONN_PULSES is updated with the test result and the drive
consequently goes in alarm A14 or t starts the second test:
o TEST_CONN_PULSES <0 : meaning that motor phases have opposite cyclic sense of
Endat/BiSS sensor.
o TEST_CONN_PULSES >0 : everything is ok
In the second part is checked the sensor reading, well known that current test frequency is 0,5Hz the
time needed for read again the same position is equal to:
At the end of the test, TEST_CONN_PULSES is updated again with the time test measured in ms:
The test is successful if the drive switch off and does not trigger an alarm. Now disable RUN command
by setting its digital input to 0. The subsequent tests can now be carried out.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 17
2.1.4.5.2 Manual Fine Sensor Setup
With C41=1 in the first part of autotuning is done an automatic sensor signals offset and gain
compensation. However every time it’s possible to execute a manual sensor signal compensation.
In the following it’s explained how to do the manual sensor setup.
The fine tuning resolver setup allows to set, with a semiautomatic procedure, any offset and a
multiplicative factor to adjust the signals acquired by the resolver channels in order to increase system
performance.
The procedure begins by setting the utility command U04 (EN_SENSOR_TUNE) = 1 and giving a
reference speed that the motor can run at 150 rpm. The motor have to run for about 30 seconds after
stop the test is completed. Automatically updates the values of P165 and P166 (offset) and P164
(multiplication factor to adjust the amplitude)
The fine tuning incremental sin/cos encoder setup allows to set, with a semiautomatic procedure, any
offset and a multiplicative factor to adjust the signals acquired by the incremental sin/cos encoder
channels in order to increase system performance. The procedure begins by setting the utility
command U04 (EN_SENSOR_TUNE) = 2 and giving a reference speed that the motor can do one or
two turns . After stop the test is completed. Automatically updates the values of P165 and P166 (offset)
and P164 (multiplication factor to adjust the amplitude)
18 MW00001E00 V_4.3
2.1.5 Identifying Models of Induction Motor
PRC_MOT_T_MAX P41 - Maximum torque at full load 0.0 800.0 400.0 % MOT_T_NOM 40.95
PRC_MOT_I_T_NOM P72 - Nominal torque current 5.0 100.0 95.2 % PRC_MOT_I_NOM 327.67
PRC_MOT_I_FLX_NOM P73 - Nominal flux current 5.0 100.0 30.2 % PRC_MOT_I_NOM 327.67
PRC_DEAD_TIME_CMP P102 - Dead time compensation 0.0 100.0 22.0 ‰ PRC_MOT_V_MAX 32.76
P151 - Xb = cubic coupling zone
PRC_DEAD_TIME_CMP_XB 0.0 50.0 5.0 % DRV_I_NOM 163.84
amplitude
P128 - Voltage motor at nominal speed
MOT_V0 0.0 100.0 100.0 % MOT_V_NOM 327.67
with no load
K_FLX45 P131 - Magnetic characteristic point 1 0.0 120.0 90.2 % 40.96
These parameters are extremely important for modelling the motor correctly so that it can be used to its
full potential. The best procedure for obtaining the correct values is the “Auto-tuning test”, which is
enabled with connection C42: this test must be carried out with the motor decoupled from the load.
Failure to do so may invalidate the results.If the tests cannot be carried out for any reason, these
values will have to estimated by reading the motor plate and following these points:
• The magnetizing current value is sometimes shown on the motor plate under I0. In this case,
P73 = I0 / Inom motore. If this value is not available, it will have to be estimated: set P73 to a
value that supplies a no-load motor running at rated speed with a three-phase alternate
voltage which is effective but slightly lower than the rated motor voltage. Then change P73
until d18 displays a value of about 96 - 97% .
• Once P73 is established, rated torque current P72 can be established as: 100 2 − P732
• The rotor time constant (in seconds) can be calculated with the following formula:
1 1 P72
Tr = ⋅ ⋅ with fs rated slip frequency. P74 = Tr in milliseconds
6,28 fs P73
MW00001E00 V_4.3 19
Establish fs by reading the rated slip value, usually in rpm, on the motor plate, then compare it with the
rated speed and multiply everything by the rated motor frequency.
Check P74 by forcing the motor to request a torque current:
- changing the speed reference value brusquely
- applying different loads to the motor
and observing the behaviour of the stator voltage module. If this value is correct, the voltage should
only vary slightly in the transient phase.
These other parameters are not as important and the default values may be left if more reliable data
are unavailable.
This test reads the basic electrical parameters that characterise the induction motor being used so that
it can be modelled according to the rotor magnetic flux. After these values have been established, the
PI regulators in the current and flux loops are self-set.
There are 4 test functions. Each requires a no-load motor, i.e. decoupled from the load, if they
are to function correctly.
Connection C42 is used to enable these tests. See the table below:
0 No test enabled
Only Tests 1 and 2 enabled. Motor does not
1
need to be rotating.
Only Tests 3 and 4 enabled. Motor needs to be
2
rotating.
All tests enabled. Tests carried out in quick
3
succession.
The drive is now ready to start the test. Start reading by enabling L.I.2 with its digital input and setting
C21=1 (command in series).
Once the tests have started, this setting will appear alongside:
The test finishes successfully if this setting appears the following indication and the drive does not
trigger an alarm.
NB: Once C42≠0 has been set again, if C75=0 the default values of the parameters being tested will be
automatically reloaded (also speed regulator gains), on the contrary if C75=1 remain active actual data.
In order to refine data measured it’s better to execute Autotuning test the first time with C75=0 and then
the second time with C75=1.
This test establishes the voltage drop caused by the stator resistor and the IGBT. It also estimates the
signal amplitude required to compensate for the effects of the dead times so that the internal
representation base of the stator voltage and the one actually generated match.
During this reading, the motor remains still in its original position and a range of flux currents are
emitted. By reading the voltages and the correlated voltages the required values can be collected.
20 MW00001E00 V_4.3
This test modifies the following parameters:
Name Description
PRC_DELTA_VRS P76 - Voltage drop due to stator resistor
2.1.5.1.2 Test 2: Learning the Total Leakage Induction Drop Reported to the Stator
This test establishes the voltage drop due to the total leakage inductance reported to the stator in order
to calculate the proportional gain of the current loop PI.
During this test, the motor stays practically still in its original position. Flux currents in a range of values
and frequencies are emitted so that by reading the voltages and correlated voltages the required
values can be collected. The motor has a tendency to rotate, but this phenomenon is managed in such
a way that readings are only taken when the speed is equal to zero, otherwise the results may be
unreliable.
Nevertheless it is important that the motor does not rotate at a speed exceeding more than several
tens of revolutions per minute. If it does, stop the test by disabling RUN and lower parameter P129 as
this is the test current used to establish ∆VLS .
This test modifies the following parameters:
Name Description
During this test the motor may start rotating, but at low speed
This test has the dual task of establishing the motor magnetizing current and reading its magnetic
characteristic.
During this test, the motor is rotated at high speed (about 80% of the rated speed) and readings are
taken at a range of voltages. After establishing the magnetizing value, 10 points of the magnetic
characteristic are taken, after which linear interpolation is carried out in order to obtain a curve similar
to the one below.
During this test the motor will rotate at a speed equal to about 80% of the rated value.
102
Kφ
100
98
96
94
92
90
88
86
84
82
80
45,0 55,0 65,0 75,0 82,0 88,0 93,0 97,0 100,0 102,0 φ / φNOM
MW00001E00 V_4.3 21
The term Kφ is equal to:
Id Iφ
Φ ΦNOM
i.e. it is the coefficient that when multiplied by the normalized flux in relation to the rated flux gives the
normalized flux current in relation to the magnetizing current.
The characteristic is assumed to be constant for normalized fluxes under 45%.
At the end of these readings, the results will be shown in the parameters below, which may still be
changed by the user.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
φ/
45.0% 55.0% 65.0% 75.0% 82.0% 88.0% 93.0% 97.0% 100.0% 102.0%
φNOM
P131 P133 P135 P137 P139 P141 P143 P145 P147 P149
Kφ ..... ...... ...... ...... ...... ....... ....... ....... ...... ......
Name Description
2.1.5.1.4 Test 4: Reading the Rotor Time Costant and Estimating the Stator Time Costant
This test establishes the rotor time constant from the motor and helps to estimate the stator time
constant by using data from other auto-tuning values.
During the test, the motor is rotated at the same speed as the previous test and then it goes in free
revolution
During the test, the motor rotates at a speed equal to about 80% of the rated speed and is
temporarily left to idle.
Name Description
“PRC_DELTAVLS_TR” is the leackage inductance measured during test 4. This value is shown only as
an indication.
By the end of this test, the current and flow regulators will have been completely self-set and made
compatible with the motor connected to the drive.
These readings also help estimate the Maximum motor torque (P41) which is important if the motor flux
has to be considerably weakened.
22 MW00001E00 V_4.3
If C75=0 the speed regulator gains are set with the default values so that the user can set the most
suitable gains for the applications. The speed loop bandwidth depends heavily on the overall load
inertia, thus high frequency values can only be obtained if the motor-load coupling has no elasticity or
mechanical play and if the speed sensor resolution is good enough not to introduce too much noise.
Name Description
Speed test are useful for measure total system inertia and to set correctly speed regulator gains.
For safety reasons it’s possible to limit maximum speed test with parameter P130, maximum motor
torque with parameter P132 and maximum space admitted for test with P134 revolutions.
The drive doesn’t go over these limits during test execution.
Start-up time is defined like the time needed to reach maximum speed (P65) with nominal motor
torque.
This autotest is useful to measure total system inertia and frictions, for speed regulator autosetting or
feed-forward compensation.
For enable this test set the utility command U01 (EN_TEST_SPD) = 1 Start Up. In the display appears
“Auto”.
Give the L.I.2 command and automatically the motor starts to move and than return to zero speed.
At this point switch off the L.I.2 command. Parameter P169 is set with the start-up time in milliseconds,
parameter P136 is set with friction measured in percent of motor nominal torque.
Automatically U01(EN_TEST_SPD) is cleared to 0 and the test is finished.
T_RIF=TEST_SPD_T_MAX (P130)
time
MW00001E00 V_4.3 23
Otherwise:
T_RIF=TEST_SPD_T_MAX (P130)
time
Step response is a common mode to test speed loop stability and dynamic performance.
For enable this test set U01(EN_TEST_SPD) = 2 Step. In the display appears “Auto”.
At this point all speed reference are ignored, instead a fixed speed reference is calculated equals to
maximum test torque (P130) divided by speed regulator proportional gain. In this way giving this step
speed reference, the torque requested doesn’t go over maximum torque admitted.
Linear ramps are automatically disabled. Giving the run command, motor starts and try to follow the
reference with its dynamic performance.
Evaluating the speed response it’s possible to understand the system stability and speed loop
bandwidth.
With Real Time Graph is possible to see the motor speed response. Set:
Post Trigger Points = 90% Trigger Type = standard +03 Speed Reference
Trigger level = 1% Trigger slope = ascending
Sample Time = 1
Channels = 2
Channel A = Standard - o03 Reference speed value after ramps
Channel B = Standard - o49 Rotation speed not filtered
Set speed regulator gain and look the step response. Try and repeat until the speed response has
good stability and bandwidth.
Motor runs at constant speed until the run command is on.
Switch off the run command to stop the motor and start a new test.
Step response test is finished only when U01(EN_TEST_SPD) is manually clear to 0.
1. First of all disable integral part setting lead time constant P32 with a big value (> 500ms).
2. Try to find the best proportional gain P31 and filter time constant P33 to obtain a step
response with max overshoot of 20%. It’s important to evaluate also the acoustic and
electrical motor noise.
3. Reduce lead time constant P32 up to minimum value without increase the overshoot.
24 MW00001E00 V_4.3
The first step for the auto-tuning procedure is the sensor test.
After to set the correct parameters in the Motor sensor section is necessary to complete the auto-
tuning procedure for the sensor present and selected.
Quick start-up is used to help the user during commissioning. Enable this function setting the utility
command U05=1. At that point the application present into the drive is disabled, output logical function
o22 (LogicaLab application active) goes at low level and Quick start-up take the control.
With the utility command U06 is possible to select the speed reference (from analog inputs or digital
parameter P00). The utility command U08 is used to enable the speed reference. The run command is
given in digital way (C21) and using a physical digital input. So, with the utility command U07 it’s
possible to select the physical digital input necessary to give the run command and C21 is the software
run command.
With U09 is possible to enable linear ramps.
Note: at the end of commissioning remember to disable Quick start-up.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 25
2.2 MOTOR CONTROL
The regulation system consists of a speed regulation loop and a flux or voltage regulation loop
according to drive operation. These loops manage the reference values from the application and
generate reference values for the internal torque and flux current loops.
All the loops are controlled by integral proportional regulators with an error signal filter and work with
normalized signals so that the regulation constants are as independent as possible from the size of the
motor in relation to the drive and from the system mechanics. An additional space loop that overlaps
the speed loop can also be enabled.
Regulation controls speed by default; here the application manages the speed reference values, and
the torque request is used as a reference value added to the speed regulator output (feed-forward).
Note that it is a torque control and not a current control, consequently during flux weakening the control
automatically generates the request for the active current needed to obtain the required torque.
26 MW00001E00 V_4.3
2.2.1 Acceleration Ramps and Speed Limit
TF_RND_RAMP P25 - Rounded filter time constant 0.001 10.0 0.1 s 1000
P30 - Emergency brake deceleration
DEC_TIME_EMCY 0.01 199.99 10 s 100
time
EN_LIN_RAMP E36 - Enable linear ramp 0 1 1 1
In the standard application, by default (E36=1), the speed reference value passes across a ramp circuit
that graduates its variations before it is used. Parameters P21, P22, P23 and P24 can be used to
establish independent acceleration and deceleration slopes in both directions of movement,
establishing the time required to pass from 0 to 100% in seconds. In particular (see diagram):
P21 sets the time the reference value requires to accelerate from 0 to +100%
P22 sets the time the reference value requires to decelerate from 100% to 0%
P23 sets the time the reference value requires to accelerate from 0% to -100%
P24 sets the time the reference value requires to decelerate from -100% to 0%
Setting sensitivity is 10 msec and the time must be between 0.01 and 199.99 seconds.
The default values are the same for all the parameters and are equal to 10 sec.
In the standard application, ramps can be enabled via a configurable logic input (I22) which works
parallel to connection E36: I22=H is the same as setting E36=1. This input ensures maximum flexibility
in ramp use in that the ramps are enabled only when required.
In the other application please refer to the specific documentation in order to enable the ramps.
The ramp may also be rounded in the starting and finishing phases by setting C27=1 via the rounding
time set in seconds in P25 with resolution 0.1 sec and a range from 1 to 199.9 sec. (default 10 sec).
MW00001E00 V_4.3 27
100%
P23 P24
P21 P22
-100% 2xP25
Rounding can be enabled on its own with C27=1, which will filter the overall speed reference value
only.
Some special applications may enable the linear ramps differently. See the respective instruction file
for further information.
Using the parameters P179, P180, P181 and P182 it is possible to exclude, as working frequencies, all
those frequencies falling within the two bands defined between P179 – P180 and P181 – P182, where
P179, P77, P78 and P182 are expressed as % of the maximum working frequency (see diagram)
Wherever exclusion bands are pre-set the drive behaves in the following way:
If the set frequency reference falls within the exclusion band it is maintained at the lower value of the
band, if the set value is less than the mid band value, while if the value is greater than the mid band
value it assumes the upper value.
In a transitional phase however the system passes through all of the band’s frequencies (ramp). The
use or otherwise of the exclusion bands requires the setting of the corresponding connection C81:
C81=0 no band
C81=1 Band 1 (P179-P180)
C81=2 Band 1 (P179-P180) and Band 2 (P181-P182)
For example if the working fmax = 50Hz and the plant presents two resonance frequencies which are
quite clear at 45Hz and 35Hz the frequencies between 43 - 47 Hz and 33 - 37 Hz could be excluded
setting
28 MW00001E00 V_4.3
2.2.2 Speed Limit
Speed limits are usually set by parameters P18 and P19 but it’s possible also enable analog limits. In
the standard application AI1, AI2, AI3 or AI16 can be configured like positive, negative or symmetrical
speed limit. In this case will be active the lower speed limit between digital and analog values.
PRC_MOT_SPD_MAX P51 - Maximum speed for alarm 0.0 125.0 120.0 % MOT_SPD_MAX 163.84
PRC_LSE_CTR_MAX_ERR P56 - Max speed error 0.1 200.0 200.0 % MOT_SPD_MAX 40.96
D03 - Speed reference value after
PRC_END_SPD_REF -100 100 0 % MOT_SPD_MAX 163.84
ramp
PRC_MOT_SPD D04 - Speed reading -100 100 0 % MOT_SPD_MAX 163.84
MW00001E00 V_4.3 29
2.2.3.1 Managing Speed Reference Values
After these two reference values have been processed they are added together in order to obtain the
total speed reference value.
In the standard application, logic function I12 “Speed reference value inversion”, which is assigned to
an input (the default is L.I.6 pin2-M3), or connection E37 are used to invert the reference value
according to the following logic (OR-exclusive):
The reference value is inverted before the ramp thus, if the ramp is not disabled, the direction of
rotation changes gradually (default E37=0 and I12=0).
There is another chance, to invert positive speed rotation setting C76=1.
Enabling this function, with the same speed reference and speed measured, the motor rotates in
reverse direction. After this setting is necessary restart motor sensor autotuning test with C41=1,
because the drive has to learn the new positive rotation direction.
Parameters P18 and P19 are used to limit the total reference value within a range set between these
two values; P18 is the maximum limit (positive speed) and P19 is the minimum limit (negative speed).
These two parameters may be set at a range from ±105%, thus special settings may be used to limit
operation within the 2 quadrants or within just one quadrant.
P18 = 100.0% P19 = 100.0% -100.0% < speed reference value < 100%
P18 = 30.0% P19 = 20.0% -20.0% < speed reference value < 30%
P18 = 80.0% P19 = -20.0% 20.0% < speed reference value < 80.0%
P18 = -30.0% P19 = 60.0% -60.0% < speed reference value < -30.0%
P18 = 0% P19= 100.0% speed reference value only negative
P18 = 100.0% P19= 0% speed reference value only positive
Starting from 12.00 software revision is available a new alarm A.9.6 if the drive loses the speed control.
This alarm is activated if:
o speed reference and actual speed goes in opposite direction
o the error between speed reference and actual speed is greater than parameter P56
“PRC_LSE_CTR_MAX_ERR”. P56 default value is 200%of max speed so the alarm is
disabled. When sensorless control is enabled, automatically P56 goes to 10%.
This control is disabled during “ Start-up time autotuning” ).
Moreover there is another alarm A.9.2 that is activated if the speed is greater than P51
“PRC_MOT_SPD_MAX”.
30 MW00001E00 V_4.3
2.2.3.4 2nd Order Speed Regulator Filter
The speed regulator filter can be changed by using a 2nd order one.
To enable this function set C69=1. Parameter P33 will always set the filter time constant in
milliseconds, and thus its natural pulsation, given that internal damping is always set to 0.8 so that the
filter is quick to respond but does not overshoot.
Note that enabling a 2nd order filter means reducing the margin of system stability, hence the filter time
constant value must be thought through carefully before setting so as not to create instability:
x2 x2
I° II°
w
-40dB/dec Useful area for
-20dB/dec 2nd order filter
nd
By taking as reference the 1st order filter time constant tolerated by the system, the 2 order filter has
to be set to double frequency (half time) so that it has the same phase margin.
The effects of the 2nd order filter will be better than the 1st order filter only when the frequency is
double that of the 2nd order filter.
Example: if a 1st order filter with a time constant P33=0.8 ms passes to a 2nd order filter, P33=0.4 ms
has to be set to have the same stability margin.
Speed regulator gains can be varied according to actual speed: P45 is the proportional gain at zero
speed, P46 is the initial lead time constant and P34 is the initial filter time constant. Setting P44 (a
percentage of the maximum speed) with the end variation gain speed establishes a linear gain
variation that ranges from the initial values (P45,P46 and P34) to the final values in P31,P32,P33.
Setting P44=0.0 disables this function so that the gains set in P31, P32 and P33 are used.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 31
2.2.3.6 Torque Feed-Forward on Speed Reference
It’s possible to enable the Torque feed-forward on speed reference using C72 connection:
It’ possible to estimate the torque reference needing for the speed variation requested with the speed
reference derivative using a II° order filter (time constant in P168 in ms) and taking account of total
inertia (setting parameter P169 Startup time).
The Startup time is the time necessary for motor and load to reach the maximum speed (set in P65)
with the nominal motor torque. This data has to be set in milliseconds in parameter P169.
It’s useful to set some milliseconds of filter (P168) on order to avoid too much noise on torque
reference for the time derivative.
When it’s enabled this function the torque reference produced is added to the speed regulator output.
The torque feed-forward can be very useful in the servo-drive application when the target is to follow
very promptly the speed reference, because it increases the bandwidth without using high gains on
speed regulator.
Note1: torque feed-forward isn’t appropriate in load variable inertia applications.
Starting from 12.00 revision it’s possible to enable a notch filter that works between speed regulator
and current loop. The Notch Filter is implemented in the control system to reduce the effect of the
mechanical resonances of the plant, that usually limits the speed bandwidth.
To configure the filter are available four parameters: P54, P55, C92, C93.
The NOTCH_FREQ (P54) is the center filter frequency, the NOTCH_BW (P55) is the filter bandwidth,
the NOTCH_DEEP (C92) is the filter amplitude and the NOTCH_RID (C93) is the different filter gain
over filter bandwidth.
In order to enable the Notch filter is enough to set the NOTCH_FREQ (P54) different from zero.
To easy use of this filter is possible to set NOTCH_FREQ=NOTCH_BW=frequency to remove and
leave the other two parameters to its default value, NOTCH_DEEP=0.10 and NOTCH_RID=1.00 (no
reduction).
32 MW00001E00 V_4.3
2.2.3.8 Speed Regulator Second Bank
In the standard application, this function is used to change on-line the speed regulator parameters
(P31÷P33), the maximum speed (P65) and the linear ramps acceleration times (P21÷P24), to achieve
a good reference resolution, working at low speed.
For enable the second parameters bank (E27÷E34) it’s necessary to set the parameter E35=1,
otherwise to bring at high level the logical function I26 using one of the 8 logical inputs.
When the function is activated the standard data (P31÷P33, P65 and P21÷P24) are automatically
exchanged with the second bank (E27÷E34) and the connection E35 is set to 1.
The exchange will be executed only if the working speed is lower than the new maximum speed, this is
useful to avoid the over speed alarm A.9.2.H.
I26 L H
Speed regulator
I26 H L
If the speed is greater than new maximum speed, the activation command is ignored.
If the speed ramps are active your value will be automatically calculated to avoid sharp transitory.
When the function is disabled, bringing I26 to low level or clearing E35=0, data are automatically
exchanged, with initial value restore.
In order to use this function is necessary to measure the start-up time (P169), one way is execute
“Start-up time” test (see par 2.1.6.1), for. At that point is possible to enable speed regulator auto-setting
with parameter “SPD_REG_SETTING”.
Description Limitation
0 – No
1 – Stable speed loop bandwidth 2.5 Hz P31 < 50
2 – Medium speed loop bandwidth 15 Hz P31 < 50
3 – Dynamic speed loop bandwidth 20 Hz P31 < 50
4 – Max speed loop corresponding to speed loop bandwidth < current loop bandwidth/4
P31=50
5 – Manual with this selection it’s possible to P31 < 100 and speed loop bandwidth < current
set manually, with parameter P20 loop bandwidth/4
[Hz], the speed loop bandwidth
If “SPD_REG_SETTING” is ≠ 0, automatically are changed speed regulator gains P31, P32, P33 and
than SPD_REG_SETTING” is cleared to 0.
With every selection the second order filter is enabled and variable gains disabled.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 33
The “SPD_LOOP_BW_MAX” internal value show the max speed bandwidth admitted with the actual
current bandwidth and sensor used.
The positive and negative torque limits are chosen to restrict the following values:
o P42 / P43 = maximum torque, in both directions according to rated torque;
o Maximum torque linked to maximum motor torque according to the rated torque
(parameter P41);
o Maximum torque set by the current limit;
o Maximum torque limit reference value generated by the application: sysMaxTorque
(symmetrical), sysMaxPositiveTorque and sysMaxNegativeTorque (asymmetrical)
o Maximum torque limited by the regulator output in order to back up the bus voltage should
the mains fail;
o Maximum torque controlled in the startup phase with the motor magnetized;
o Maximum torque limited in the controlled braking phase (as long as this function is enabled
by setting C47=1).
sysMaxPositiveTorque
sysMaxTorque
P42
Maximum torque CW
P41
D30
Maximum
motor
torque (Φ Φnom)
2
Maximum torque
set by current limit
-
Vbus (Φ Φnom)
P43
P98 +
-
C34=1 regulator
Vbus_rif - C34=1 Mns off
- Maximum torque CCW
1P23
C47
V controller C47
brake
sysMaxNegativeTorque
34 MW00001E00 V_4.3
2.2.4.2 Maximum Motor Torque Limit
The induction motor has a maximum torque that depends on its construction characteristics.
The graph below illustrates the progress of a torque curve according to speed with the motor powered
by a constant frequency (Ns). The same graph can also be referred to when an inverter is used,
reading it as torque delivered according to slip, i.e. the difference between the rotation speed of the
electrical values and the rotor (Ns – N in the graph).
Id = starting current
In = rated current
Io = no-load current
Md = starting torque
Ma = acceleration torque
Mm = max. torque
Mn = rated torque
Nn = rated speed
Ns = synchronism speed
The graph illustrates how the delivered torque increases according to slip up to a certain point
represented by the maximum motor torque. If the maximum torque is exceeded, control is lost in that
the torque decreases even when the current is increased.
It is proved that the maximum motor torque decreases during flux weakening in proportion to the
square of the φ/φnom ratio. Thus the motor has three working areas:
Constant torque: the maximum torque is available up to the rated speed (as long as the
current to deliver it is available);
Constant power: over the rated speed, flux is reduced proportionally to speed, the available
torque also drops in proportion to speed, the power delivered is constant;
Maximum torque: after reaching the maximum torque, which decreases with the square of
the speed, the available torque will start to drop with the square of the speed and the power
delivered will decrease in proportion to the speed.
Max. torque
Available torque
To ensure regulation stability, P41 must be set with the Maximum torque divided by Rated motor
torque. This limit will decrease during flux weakening with the square of the speed.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 35
2.2.4.3 Maximum Current Limit
The drive is fitted with a maximum current limiting circuit that cuts in if exceeded, restricting the
maximum current delivered to the lowest value from among parameter P40, the value calculated by the
drive thermal image circuit, and the motor thermal protection circuit.
P40 is used to programme the maximum current limit delivered by the drive from 0% to the maximum
authorised value, which depends on the type of overload chosen with connection C56.
P40
Possibile limit on
flux current
If the current limit exceeds the flux current, then only the torque current will be limited and thus the
maximum torque delivered is limited. Otherwise, the delivered torque is set to zero and the flux current
is also limited.
PRC_ID_REF D08 - Request magnetizing current Id rif -100 100 0 % DRV_I_NOM 40.96
36 MW00001E00 V_4.3
Current regulators generate the voltage reference values required to ensure torque and flux currents
that are equal to their reference values.
The current signals processed by these regulators are expressed according to the maximum drive
current, which means that they are affected by the ratio between the rated motor current and the rated
drive current (P61). To ensure good control, this ratio should not drop below 35 - 40% i.e. Do not use a
drive that is more than two and a half times larger than the motor, nor a motor that is more than one
and a half times larger than the drive.
The flux current is displayed as a percentage of the rated motor current in d16, while the torque current
is displayed as a percentage of the rated motor current in d15. The constants of these regulators are
established in engineering units by parameters P83, proportional gain Kp; P84, time in ms of the lead
time constant Ta equal to the integral regulator time constant multiplied by the gain (Ta = Ti*Kp); and
P85, filter constant in ms.
Parameters P83 and P84 cannot be changed directly because they are considered to be
perfectly calculated by the auto-tuning. P83 can only be changed by accessing TDE MACNO
reserved parameter P126 “Multiplication coefficient Kp and current loop”
There is dynamic decoupling between the direct axis and the orthogonal axis with a low default gain.
Should there be any doubts as to whether the dynamic decoupling is working properly, then it can be
disabled by setting C59=1.
In the standard application is possible to enable only torque control with parameter P238 or digital input
function I01 (“Torque control”). In that case speed regulator is disabled and torque reference is taken
from analog or digital signals (see standard application).
o Torque control with speed limit: setting C39=1 (EN_ICNTRLSPD-LIN) enable the speed
limitation with the speed regulator when limits are reached.
o Torque control with soft switch to speed control: clearing C39=0 (EN_ICNTRLSPD_LIM)
disable the speed limitation but enable the soft switch with speed control. If on-line torque
control is disabled, speed regulator starts its torque demand from last torque request.
In order to enable torque feed-forward set E49=1.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 37
2.2.7 Voltage/Flux Control
The flux regulator generates the request for the flux current required to maintain the magnetic rotor flux
equal to the reference value set in parameter P35 when the working area is with Constant torque.
+ Voltage
P35 regulator
Flux reference - Flux current
value P80; P81 and P82 reference value
When operating with Constant Power the regulator generates a request for the flux current required to
ensure the stator voltage module is the same as the voltage reference value and thus to weaken the
flux gradually as the speed increases.
38 MW00001E00 V_4.3
The active voltage reference value (displayed in d09) is always the smallest of the three values, which
are all normalized in relation to the rated motor voltage (P62):
A term linked to the estimated stator voltage to be applied during flux weakening based on the required
current so that there is a margin with regard to the maximum voltage available and thus to be better
equipped to deal with variations in the required torque
P36
0-100% Constant power working area
(flux weakening)
P64
D09
Voltage
Vbus × P125 +
regulator
2 × Vnom Voltage - Flux current
reference value P80; P81 and P82 reference value
Estimated flux
weakening voltage D18 Delivered
voltage module
The flux current is normalized in relation to the magnetizing current (P73), the rotor flux is normalized in
relation to the rated flux and is displayed as a percentage in d27. The stator voltage module is
normalized in relation to the rated motor voltage (P62) and is displayed as a percentage in d18 and as
a value in Volt rms in d17
The constants of this regulator are established in engineering units by parameters P80, proportional
gain Kp; P81, time in ms of the lead time constant Ta equal to the integral regulator time constant
multiplied by the gain (Ta = Ti*Kp); and P82, filter constant in ms.
Parameters P80 and P81 cannot be changed directly because they are considered to be
perfectly calculated by the auto-tuning.
They can only be changed by accessing TDE MACNO reserved parameter P127 “Multiplication
coefficient Kp and Ta flux loop”
The voltage/flux regulator limit is normally set at ± rated motor current so that the total flux may be
changed quickly during the transient state.
If the estimated flux drops below 5% of the rated flux, the lower voltage regulator limit is brought to a
value that will generate a flux of at least 4%. This is done so as not to lose control in a zone where the
flux has been weakened widely.
This function, if enabled with “EN_ENERGY_SAVE” C86=1, allows an energy saving with an
automatic current reduction matched to the load, reducing the conduction loss (proportional to the
current square value). The basic idea is to find the best subdivision between active and reactive
current, because the first is proportional to the torque current, the second to the magnetic field
produced.
With reduced working load it’s better to reduce the magnetic field under its nominal value and
increase the torque current.
The energy saving is significant especially for motors with low cos φ and for load lower than 40-
50% of nominal value, for load much great of this the saving is negligible.
When the Energy Saving is enabled the dynamic performances decreases also if it’s always
guarantee a good stability in every working area.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 39
2.2.7.2 Start-Up With a Motor Magnetized
C38=0 Standard When RUN is enabled, the machine is magnetized with the maximum
delivered torque at zero for a time equal to P29. The flux is then checked to
see whether it exceeds the minimum (P52). If it does, the torque is “freed”, if it
operation does not the drive triggers alarm A2 “Machine not magnetized”.
The machine is always magnetized. If the flux drops below the minimum value
(P52) the drive triggers alarm A2.
C38=2 Machine always magnetized
If the drive is ready, the motor will start up as soon as the Run command is
enabled.
When the machine has magnetized, it means that the motor is powered and that a current equal
to the magnetizing current is being delivered. Thus special care must be taken especially when
C38 ≠ 0 in that a voltage ≠ 0 may be created on terminals U, V, W without enabling the RUN
command.
When the drive is switched off it is dangerous to switch on immediately, due to the unknown magnetic
flux position that could produce a motor over–current. The only chance it’s to wait the time needed for
the magnetic flux to reduce itself with its time constant that depend on the motor type and can vary
from few milliseconds to hundreds of milliseconds.
For this reason has been introduced the parameter P28 that set the wait time after power switch off
after that, it’s possible to switch on the power another time: also if the user gives the RUN command
during this wait time, the drive waits to complete it before enabling another time the power. Parameter
P28 is defined in time units of 100us so the default value 10000 correspond to 1 second.
40 MW00001E00 V_4.3
2.3 PROTECTION
If the Dc Bus exceeds its maximum value (P109) alarm A11 appears. If the DCBus is lower than its
minimum value (P106) alarm A10 appears. In certain applications the DC Bus is charged only if all
drivers are without alarms. In this case set C89=1, with the motor stopped, drive will be ready also
without DCBus.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 41
2.3.1.1 Power Soft Start (Pre-Charge Circuit)
The input stage of the OPDE drive is a rectifier bridge. This bridge may be a diode or semi-controlled
(diode+SCR). The size from 03A to 60A have the diode bridge and the power soft start function acts
bypassing ( after some time set on the parameter P154) a soft start resistor in series with the output of
the power bridge. In sizes from 70A to 460A the rectifier bridge is a semi-controlled type, and the
power soft start function unblocks this input power bridge, permitting gradual charge of the DC Bus
voltage capacitors.
NOTE: The connection C45 (TDE MACNO reserved parameter, whose setting is by the same) set
the type of the rectifier bridge present in the drive:
After checked the correct setting of C45 connection, is very important to set C53 (reserved
parameter, protected by key P60) for the choise of power supply type:
With C53=0 choice AC alternated voltage, the power soft start function works, the same becomes
active if the connection C37=1 and the presence of mains power supply is detected, with the following
logic:
MAINS SUPPLY PRESENCE: if the presence of alternated mains supply voltage becomes noticed once
(at power soft start function) with the logic power input MAINS_OFF=H,
from that moment the control refers only to the MAINS_OFF to check the
mains presence, otherwise is checked the DC Bus voltage with minimum
threshould setup in P97.
MAINS BREAK OUT: is detected either monitoring the MAINS_OFF signal, if this went to the high logic
level at least one time during the power soft start, either monitoring directly the DC
Bus voltage with minimum threshould setup in P97.
With C53=1 choice DC continuous voltage with internal power soft start, the power soft start
function works, the same becomes active if the connection C37=1 and the presence of mains power
supply is detected, with the following logic:
MAINS SUPPLY PRESENCE
AND MAINS BREAK OUT: logic input MAINS_OFF is ignored and it is possible to begin the power soft
start, if the measured voltage on the DC Bus exceeds the indicated value in
P97.
With this setting, automatically, P154 “PW_SOFT_START_TIME” goes at 10.000msec (10sec).
NOTE: In the size from 70A to 460A is not possible to set C53=1 (automatically switch to C53=2).
With C53=2 choice DC continuous voltage with external power soft start, the OPDE drive is not
concerned with power soft start of DC Bus circuit (in this case the power soft start must be external).
As soon as the regulation card is powered (24V on connector X3), the drive closed the power soft start
without any state control of the DC Bus.
Keep attention that this setting could damage internal drive capacitors.
The power fault alarm (power fault A03), that intervenes in case of OPDE drive over current, disables
the insertion of power, just as happens with the Safe Torque Off (S.T.O.).
The power soft start follows the following criteria:
1-DC internal PSS* not managed on P97 threshold on mains supply presence
2-DC internal PSS* not managed on P97 threshold instant power on of the regolation
(*) Power Soft Start
42 MW00001E00 V_4.3
From default C37=1 thus connecting the drive to the mains supply, the power is enable immediately
with the soft charging of the capacitors.
The soft start charge of the intermediate circuit capacitors lasts a preset time set in P154, after this
time the voltage level is checked to verify the voltage level reached: if this is below the minimum (P97),
the soft start alarm starts.
The drive is not enabled to switch on if soft start function has not ended successfully, if this
happens the alarm A12.1 is activated.
To help the assistance, starting from 12.00 (asynchronous), software revisions is been introduced the
internal value D34 that show the power soft start state:
0 – A3 =disabled a cause of alarm A3;
1 – STO ON= disabled a cause of safe torque off function;
2 – WAIT MAINS OFF= disabled, waiting MAINS_OFF signal;
3 – WAIT VBUS= disabled, waiting DC bus greater than P97;
4 – C37=0 =disabled, because C37=0;
5 – DIODES SOFT START= during DC bus capacitor charge with diode bridge;
6 – SCR SOFT START= during DC bus capacitor charge with semicontrolled power bridge;
7 – ALARM A13= disabled, after power soft start time (P154) Vbus didn’t reach minimum value(P97);
8 – OK= enabled
Name Description
This operating procedure is adapted to those applications in which it is fundamental to have unchanged
working conditions in each situation. Setting C34=0 the drive, even if the mains supply voltage is no
longer available, continues to work as though nothing has been modified over the control, pulling the
energy from the present capacitor to the inner drive. This way making the intermediate voltage of the
DC Bus will begin to go down depending on the applied load; when it reaches the minimum tolerated
value (in parameter P106) the drive goes into alarm A10 of minimum voltage and leaves to go to the
motor in free evolution.
Therefore, this function will allow exceeding short-term mains break out (tenths/hundredths of
milliseconds on the basis of the applied load) without changing the motor operation in any way.
DC bus voltage
540V
speed
If the alarm condition starts, there is the possibility to enable, setting C35=1 the alarms to an automatic
reset at the mains restore.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 43
2.3.1.2.2 Recovery of Kinetic Energy (C34=1)
This operating procedure is adapted to those applications in which it is temporarily possible to reduce
the speed of rotation to confront the mains break. This function particularly adapts in the case of fewer
applied motors and with high energy.
The qualification of such a function is obtained setting C34=1.
During the mains break out, the voltage control of the DC Bus is achieved using a proportional
regulator, with fixed proportional gain set in P86 (default=3.5), that controls the DC Bus voltage d24,
compare it with the threshold in P98 (default=600V) and functions on the torque limits d30 of the motor
that, in time, will slow down to work in recovery. Such regulation, when qualified (C34=1), at mains
break out (o.L.12=H) or if the DC Bus voltage goes below the threshold set in P97 (425V), replaces the
normal regulaion (o.L.13=H) and is excluded when mains supply is on.
DC bus voltage
540V
speed
C34=1
Recovery of Kinetic Energy
If the alarm condition starts, there is the possibility to enable, setting C35=1 the alarms to an automatic
reset at the mains restore
2.3.1.2.3 Overcoming Mains Breaks of a Few Seconds with Flyng Restart (C34=2)
This operating procedure is adapted to those applications in which it is fundamental to not go into
alarm in the case of mains break out and is temporarily prepared to disable the power in order for the
motor to resume when the mains returns.
The qualification of such a function is obtained setting C34=2.
When there is a mains break or if the voltage of the Bus goes below the threshold set in P97r (425 V),
the drive is immediately switched off, the motor rotates in free evolution and the Bus capacitors slowly
discharges. If the mains returns in a few seconds, a fast recovery of the motor is carried out in a way in
which the working regulation of the machine is resumed.
44 MW00001E00 V_4.3
DC bus voltage
540V
speed
At the return of the mains, it will need to wait for the time of soft start for the gradual recharging of
capacitors for the motor to be able to resume.
This particular control is adapted to those applications in which the machine may be stopped with an
emergency brake in case of mains breaks.
Under this circumstance, the linear ramps becomes qualified and the ramp time is imposed with the
parameter P30. When the minimum speed is reached, alarm A10 of minimum voltage starts and the
motor is left rotating in free evolution. If in the meantime the mains returns, the emergency brake will be
not interrupted.
DC bus voltage
540V
C34=3
Emergency brake
speed
With this setting, immediately after a main supply loss, appears alarm A10.1.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 45
2.3.1.3 Braking Management
The drive is in a position to work on four quadrants, therefore is also in a position to manage the motor
recovery Energy. There are three different, possible controls:
To be able to restore the kinetic Energy into the mains, it is necessary to use another OPEN drive,
specifically the AC/DC Active Front End (AFE). A Power Factor Controller deals with the position to
have a power factor close to unity. Specific documentation is sent back from specific details. This
solution is adapted to those applications in which the additional cost justifies another drive with a lot of
energy that is recovered in the mains or for particular thermal dissipation problems in the use of a
braking resistor.
U + + U
AC/DC Drive
V V Motor
AFE
W - - W
OPEN drive
Inductor OPENdrive
Mains
The use of an AC/DC AFE permits a controlled voltage level of the intermediate power (DC Bus) and
raises to best control the motors winded to a voltage close to the line voltage. The drive’s dynamic
behavior results in a way that optimizes the work as motor or generator.
There is a possibility to connect more than one drive to the DC Bus, with the advantage of energy
exchange between drives in case of contemporary movements and only one energy exchange with the
mains.
DC bus
lt
Recovery of mains
energy
speed
time
A further possibility of recovery control of kinetic energy exists: if the outer braking resistance is not
present (or is not working properly), it is possible to enable (setting C47=1) the braking with DC Bus
control. This function, when the Bus voltage reaches the threshold set in P123, limits the maximum
admitted regenerated torque, slowing down the motor. In practice, the motor will slow down in minimum
time so the over voltage alarm does not start, exploiting the total losses of the motor and drive.
This function is not active by default (C47=0) in a way to leave the intervention of the braking circuit.
P123
DC bus
lt
Controlled braking of
the DC Bus
speed
46 MW00001E00 V_4.3
2.3.1.3.3 Kinetic Energy Dissipation on Breaking Resistance
The standard solution for the OPDE drive is the dissipation of kinetic Energy on braking resistor. All the
OPEN drives could be equipped with an internal braking circuit, while the braking resistor must be
connected externally, with the appropriate precautions.
With this solution, the Bus’ maximum level of voltage becomes limited through a power device that
connects in parallel the resistor with the DC Bus capacitors, if the voltage exceeds the threshold value
in P108, the drive keeps it inserted until the voltage goes below the value of P109; in such a way, the
energy that the motor transfers onto the DC Bus during the braking, is dissipated from the resistor.
This solution guarantees good dynamic behavior also in braking mode.
In the follow figure it’s shown the Bus voltage and the speed during a dissipation on breaking
resistance.
P108
P109 DC bus voltage
Energy dissipation on
breaking resistor
speed
A maximum voltage limit allowed exists for the DC Bus voltage. This is checked by the software
(threshold P107), and by the hardware circuitry: in case the voltage exceeds this level, the drive will
immediately go into an over voltage alarm A11 to protect the internal capacitors.
In case of A11 alarm condition starts, verify the correct dimensioning of the braking resistor power.
Refer to the installation manual for the correct dimensioning of the outer braking resistor.
The braking resistor may reach high temperatures, therefore appropriately place the machine to
favor the heat dissipation and prevent accidental contact from the operators.
With connection C91 it’s possible to choose if the drive has to brake also in stop.
The default value is C91=0, to brake only in run state.
This function prevents the drive from rectifier bridge problems, unbalanced mains and main supply
phase loss.
Using a 100Hz pass band filter, the DC Bus ripple is measured and shown in “DC_BUS_RIPPLE”.
With a DC Bus ripple over 100V the drive goes in alarm A13.2 in 100ms.
With a DC Bus ripple from 60V to 100V the drive goes in alarm A13.2 in 5 seconds.
Connection C31 can be used to disable the DC Bus Ripple Alarm.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 47
2.3.2 Thermal Protection
48 MW00001E00 V_4.3
2.3.2.1 Motor Thermal Protection
Parameters P70 (thermal current as a % of the rated motor current P61), P71 (motor thermal constant
τ in seconds) and the current delivered by the drive are used to calculate the presumed operating
temperature of the motor considering an ambient temperature equal to the permitted maximum.
The losses are evaluated with the square of the absorbed current and filtered with the motor thermal
constant (I τ algorithm). When this value exceeds the maximum thermal current set in P70 (value
2
proportional to the square of this current) the thermal protection cuts in, enabling logic output o.L.1 and
alarm A06. The resulting action may be programmed via connection C32 and by enabling alarm A06:
• If A06 is disabled, no action will be taken.
• If A06 is enabled, action will depend on C32:
1. C32 = 0 (default value) the thermal alarm will cut in and reduce the current limit to match
the motor thermal current.
2. C32 = 1 the thermal alarm cuts in and stops the drive immediately.
NOTE: The motor thermal constant τ isn’t the time that the motor needs to reach his optimal thermal
condition when it’s loaded, but it’s the time that the motor needs to reach the 63.2% of ΔTtot.
The picture above represent an hypothetical motor heating curve when loaded; it shows that τ is the
time in which the motor reaches the temperature T=0.632ΔT+Tamb, and ΔT=Tmax-Tamb. In fact
Tmax is reached about in 5τ (99.3% of ΔT).
Example: Considering the heating curve below, Tmax is reached about in 13000s with ΔT=130-
25=105°C. So the temperature corresponding to τ is equal to:
T=0.632*105+25=91.4°C.
Looking at the picture is possible to see that at 91.4°C corresponds a τ=1500s. This is the correct
value to set in P71.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 49
Internal value d28 and analog output 28 display a second-by-second reading of the motor thermal
current as a percentage of the rated motor current. When 100% is reached, the motor thermal switch
cuts in.
P96 can be set with an alarm threshold which, when breached, commutes logic output o.L.14 to a high
level indicating the approximation to the motor thermal limit.
The maximum motor thermal current depends on the operating frequency, provided that the motor
does not have assisted ventilation regardless of its revolutions.
Four permitted thermal current curves are used to reduce the current in accordance with motor
operating frequency (see diagram); the required curve is chosen with Connection C33 as per the table
below.
Itermic / Inominal
[%]
Curve 2
Curve 0
100
Curve 1
Curve 3
50
C33 Characteristics
0 [default] No reduction according to frequency; to be chosen for assisted ventilation motors
Choose for self-ventilated high speed motors (2 poles) where ventilation is more
1 efficient. There is no current reduction for frequencies over 70% of the rated
frequency
2 Typical curve for self-ventilated motors
50 MW00001E00 V_4.3
The drive can manage the motor thermal probe. For the correct wiring of the probe, make reference to
the installation manual.
The connection C46 selects the type of probe used:
The Braking Resistance Thermal protection protects the resistance both from Energy peaks and from
average Power that have to be dissipated.
It’s possible to enable this protection setting C71, by default this function is disabled.
The quickly Energy exchange is an adiabatic process since heat diffusion on case resistance is very
slow, in the meantime the resistance is dimensioning for a maximum energy overload. This protection
is based on the follow parameters:
After the first Braking resistance activation, the dissipated Energy is accumulated, knowing the DC bus
voltage, the Braking resistance value and the activation time.
This accumulation is done for a time set in milliseconds in P144 parameter: if in this period the Energy
becomes greater than maximum threshold (set in KJoule into P142 parameter) the control disables the
Braking resistance. At that point, if it is enables the braking with DC Bus control (C34=1, see par
2.3.1.2.2) it starts to work, otherwise the alarm A5.2 (Instantaneous Power Braking Resistance)
becomes active.
At the end of every accumulation period it is possible to show the total dissipated Energy on the period
in KJoule in the internal value “BRAKE_R_AD_ENERGY”, than can start a new period, the Braking
resistance is enabled again and the speed reference is aligned with the real speed.
It takes the converter in alarm if the Instantaneous Power is too high (C34=0)
It is possible to choose how many Energy could be dissipated on Braking resistance and in
the remaining time braking with the DC Bus control (C34=1). With P144=1000ms it is possible
to set in P142 the Power in KWatt that could be dissipated on the resistance.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 51
In the follow figure is shown an experimental measurement of this function:
Vbus
P144 Speed
regulated
Speed
reference
Starting from 12.10 revision is available also a new braking resistance instantaneous power protection,
setting C71=2.
In this case P144 becames the fast time constant of resistance filament.
With this protection the resistance is more protected especially for repeated braking.
The alarm A5.2 occurs when is reached (80%) of max Adiabatic Energy.
The Energy dissipated every PWM period is used to estimate the average Power dissipated on Braking
Resistance. The parameters used are:
Every second the total dissipated Energy is equal to the Average dissipated Power.
This value is filtered with a first order filter with a time constant set in seconds in P148 (the time
constant depends on Braking Resistance thermal characteristics). In P146 parameter is possible to set
the maximum average power. In the internal value “BRAKE_R_POWER” it’s possible to see the
Average Dissipated Power in Watt, if this value becomes greater than the threshold P146 the alarm
A5.3 (Average Power Braking Resistance) becomes active.
In the MiniOPDE this protection, by default, is already enabled with the same connection, C71=2.
The parameters use to define the braking resistance characteristics are the same of OPDE.
In the OPDExplorer “Default” section shows only the OPDE values, to see the real values of
MiniOPDE select those concerned and do a reading (R).
The parameters shown are relative to the internal resistance of MiniOPDE.
52 MW00001E00 V_4.3
The parameters used are reported in the following table:
PAR DESCRIPTION RANGE DEFAULT DEFAULT UNIT Internal
(230V) (400V) rappr.
P140 Braking resistance 1 ÷ 1000 41 110 Ohm 1
P142 Braking resistance Maximum Adiabatic 0.0 ÷ 500.0 0.5 0.5 KJoule 10
Energy
P144 Time measure of Braking resistance 1 ÷ 30000 1000 1000 ms 1
adiabatic Energy
P146 Maximum Power dissipated on Braking 0.0 ÷ 6000.0 0.03 0.03 KWatt 100
resistance
P148 Power dissipated on Braking resistance 1 ÷ 2000 20 20 s 1
filter time constant
MW00001E00 V_4.3 53
2.4.1 Automatic Setting of Working Voltage/Frequency
The most easier way to set the voltage-frequency characteristic is to use the automatic procedure.
First of all set the maximum motor voltage (P64) and the maximum working speed (P65) and then set
C88=1 .
Name Description
Automatically the drive set the voltage-frequency characteristic in two possible way:
1. Linear way : In this case, none characteristic points are set (P174-P175-P176-P177=0) and
the maximum operating voltage P64 is set:
2. Characteristic FLUX WEAKENING AREA: When the maximum motor frequency is greater
than nominal frequency automatically is set one characteristic point into nominal knee:
P175= 100%
54 MW00001E00 V_4.3
2.4.2 Manual Setting of Working Voltage/Frequency Characteristic
Using the parameters P175, P176, P177 and P178 it is possible to define a three-section working
curve by points (so as to be better able to adjust to the desired characteristics).
Points P176 and P178 define the frequency percentage with reference to the maximum working
frequency while points P175 and P177 define the percentage voltage with reference to the maximum
working voltage (P64).
The following curve should clarify the explanation.
If a number of points which is less than two is sufficient to define the curve just program at 0 the
frequencies of the points which are not used (P176 and/or P178), so that they will not be considered in
the interpolation.
There are some limitations on setting the characteristic:
- Frequencies (P176 and P178) must be in rising order and the distance between two
adjacent points must be greater than 5%
- Corresponding voltages (P175 and P177) must be in rising order.
If this limitations are not respected the system doesn’t take in account the point whose component was
set wrongly and it is cleared to 0. Every time one of this parameters (from P175 to P178) is changed, it
is better to verify if the system has accepted the new value.
A linear type Voltage-Frequency characteristic is provided for the default for which
P175=P176=P177=P178=0.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 55
As an example we calculate the settings of the parameters in the case of a motor with a rated voltage
of 380 Volts and a frequency of 50 Hz, which we want to work at full flux up to 50 Hz and a constant
voltage from 50 Hz to 75 Hz.
Having traced the desired voltage-frequency we see that to program it is sufficient to use only one
section point (see diagram).
From the maximum speed frequency desired (P65) and from the maximum working voltage (P64) we
can calculate the P177 and P178 values with reference to the maximum values, while P175 and P176
will remain at 0.
Using P36 parameter it is possible to increase the voltage value at low frequencies so as to
compensate for the drop due to the stator resistance and so as to be able to have current and the
refore torque even in the start up phase; this is necessary if the motors starts up under load. The value
which can be set refers to the drop voltage on the Stator Resistor (P66) and can be adjusted from 0 up
to a maximum of 400.0%. Particular care must be taken in setting the P172 value as it determines the
current values fed at low speed: a value too low for P30 results in limiting the torque of the motor, while
a value too high results in feeding high currents at low speed, whatever the load condition is.
In the start up under load it is useful to introduce a waiting time on the common ‘converter running so
that the motor can magnetize itself, so that it has from the outset the torque expected available. The
P29 parameter makes it possible to quantify this wait time in milliseconds, in which the system is in an
on-line state, but the frequency reference is forcibly held at 0. The most suitable value for P29 should
be chosen according to the rating of the motor and the load conditions, but in any case should be from
a minimum of 400ms for motors of 7.5 KW up to 1s for motors of 55KW.
By using parameter P170 it is possible to partly compensate for the motor’s fall in speed when it takes
up the load; the adjustment is in fact that regulation of motor controls stator frequency and does not
control the real speed.
This compensation is obtained by increasing the motor’s working frequency by a quantity which is
proportional to the percentage working torque multiplied by the percentage value set in P170, in
relation to the motor’s rated frequency.
The value to be set depends both on the motor’s rating and poles, in any case it can in general terms
vary from 4% for a 7.5 KW motor to 1,8 - 2.0% for 45 KW motors. In default the compensation is
excluded P170 = 0.
56 MW00001E00 V_4.3
2.4.4 Particular Control Functions
Since the driver has a maximum current limit it can always be started running with no problems even if
the motor is already moving, for example, by inertia or dragged by part of the load. In that event, on
starting up, given that normally the frequency reference starts from values close to zero to gradually
rise with the ramp times to the working value, the motor is first subjected to a sudden deceleration,
within the limit, to then hook onto the reference and follow it with the ramp; this may be undesirable
from a mechanical standpoint, and the process could also trigger the overvoltage alarm for converters
which do not have a braking device. To avoid this it is possible to suitably program connection C84 ,
“Enable motor flying restart“, which makes it possible to identify the speed of rotation of the motor,
stressing it as little as possible, and to position the output reference from the ramp at a value
corresponding to that rotation so as to start from that reference to then go on to working values. This
motor search function is primarily in one direction and thus needs to know in advance the direction of
rotation of the motor, positive frequency or negative frequency, which must be programmed in C84 ; if
the selection is wrong the motor is first braked to about zero speed to then follow the reference to go to
working speed (as if the search function had not been used). If there is a passive load and the inertia
keeps the motor in rotation, it’s possible to select a search dependently upon the sign of enabled
frequency reference (C84=3-4).
There are two different values for C84 to enable this kind of search, the only difference is for manage
the case in which the frequency reference was zero: in this particular situation with C84=3 the system
searches for positive frequency, while with C84=4 the search will be made for negative frequency.
The C50 connection has five programming values which are selected as indicated below:
o C84=0 flying restart doesn’t enabled
o C84=1 flying restart managed with positive frequency quadrant search
o C84=2 flying restart managed with negative frequency quadrant search
o C84=3 flying restart managed dependently upon the sign of enabled frequency
reference (like C84=1 for 0)
o C84=4 flying restart managed dependently upon the sign of enabled frequency
reference (like C84=2 for 0)
The start frequency in motor flying restart can be set in parameter P184 (default 100%) in percentage
of maximum frequency. This parameter can help the search algorithm limiting the range of frequency.
With parameter P185 it’s possible to set the minimum target frequency in order to inject an active
current also if the motor is stopped.
If the maximum frequency is greater than 250% of nominal motor frequency could be some problems in
the motor flying restart because it’s difficult to inject the active current with a slip so high. In that case
the only possibility is to reduce the start search frequency (with P184) on condition that really the motor
cannot run more quickly.
If it’s enabled the motor flying restart, the power is switch-on with the motor standstill and there
is low load, it’s possible to have a transient initial state in which the motor starts running in the
searching sense.
If the flying restart doesn’t work correctly it’s possible to increase the reserved parameter P191 (default
value 5%) for increase the admitted search window.
In default the flying restart isn’t managed (C84=0).
2.4.4.2 Dc Injection
The DC Injection, if enabled with “VF_EN_DCJ” C83=1, keeps the motor “stopped in torque” by
injecting a continuous current if the frequency reference is under the intervention threshold express in
“PRC_VF_DCJ_F_MAX” P174. With this function is possible to obtain only a low torque (< 10% of
nominal value) at zero speed for the asynchronous motor characteristics, if the active load torque is
greater than this value the motor runs at slip frequency correspondent to the load applied.
When the DC Injection is active the amplitude of the current depends on parameter
“PRC_VF_DCJ_I_MAX” P173 which is the current limit in this situation.
Remember that if is active the “VF_EN_STALL_ALL” (C82=1) after the time express in
“VF_STALL_TIME” P186, the converter will be in alarm (A.0.1).
MW00001E00 V_4.3 57
2.4.4.3 Energy Saving
This function, if enabled with “EN_ENERGY_SAVE” C86=1, allows an energy saving with an
automatic current reduction matched to the load, reducing the conduction loss (proportional to the
current square value). The basic idea is to find the best subdivision between active and reactive
current, because the first is proportional to the torque current, the second to the magnetic field
produced. With reduced working load it’s better to reduce the magnetic field under its nominal value
and increase the torque current.
The energy saving is significant especially for motors with low cos φ and for load lower than 40-
50% of nominal value, for load much great of this the saving is negligible.
When the Energy Saving is enabled the dynamic performances decreases also if it’s always
guarantee a good stability in every working area.
2.5 SENSORLESS
Commissioning suggested:
o Execute only the first part of autotuning measure (C42=1);
o Measure the start-up time (EN_TEST_SPD= 1- Start-up);
o Set speed regulator with lower bandwidth (0.5÷1Hz);
o Disable autotuning starting from default values C75=1;
o Execute the second part of autotuning measure (C42=2);
o Increase speed regulator bandwidth up to max “SPD_LOOP_BW_MAX”.
With sensorless control there is a lower limit on works electric frequency of 0.5 Hz.
At present isn’t possible starts with motor in rotation.
It’s preferable to enable a on-line compensation on stator resistance and leakage inductance.
Leakage compensation works only if the active current request is greater than P192 if working
frequency referred to nominal frequency is greater than P76, if the flux is lower than P193 and the
stator voltage is greater than P194.
With the default setting the leakage compensation works only in the flux weakening area, to avoid
wrong compensation due to saturation problem.
Resistance compensation can be enabled with connection C65:
C65 Description
0 - No never
1 - VRs_start During motor magnetization, stator resistance is measured. NB: this function works well only if the
motor is stopped at start.
2 - Vrs_online Resistance compensation works only if the torque request is greater than 30% and if working
frequency referred to nominal frequency is lower than P76.
3 – VRs_always 1 + 2 , compensation during magnetization and on-line
58 MW00001E00 V_4.3
3 STANDARD APPLICATION
3.1 INPUTS
MW00001E00 V_4.3 59
Name Description Min Max Default UM Scale
Range 2 1
0 Speed ref.
1 Torque ref.
2 Symmetrical Torque limit ref
E05 - Meaning of analog
AI3_SEL 3 Positive Torque limit ref
input A.I.3
4 Negative torque limit ref
5 Symmetrical Speed limit ref
6 Positive Speed limit ref
7 Negative Speed limit ref
P13 - Corrective factor for 16
KP_AI16 -400.0 400.0 100.0 % 10
bit analog reference (AUX16)
P14 - Corrective offset for 16
OFFSET_AI16 -100.0 100.0 0 % 163.84
bit analog reference (AUX16)
AI16 16 bit analog input (optional) -100.00 100.00 0.00 % 163.84
E07 - Enable analog
EN_AI16 0 1 0 1
reference value AI16
D79 - Reference from
REF_AI16 % 163.84
Analog Input AI16
Range 0 1
0 Speed ref.
1 Torque ref.
2 Symmetrical Torque limit ref
E08 - Meaning of analog
AI16_SEL 3 Positive Torque limit ref
input AI16
4 Negative torque limit ref
5 Symmetrical Speed limit ref
6 Positive Speed limit ref
7 Negative Speed limit ref
E06 - Filter time constant for
TF_TRQ_REF_AN analog torque reference 0.0 20.0 0 ms 10
value
D68 - Analog Torque
PRC_T_REF_AN -400 400 0 % MOT_T_NOM 40.96
reference from Application
D10 - Torque reference
PRC_APP_T_REF -100 100 0 % MOT_T_NOM 40.96
value (application generated)
PRC_T_MAX_AN_ D70 - Analog Positive
-400 400 0 % MOT_T_NOM 40.96
POS Torque Max from Application
PRC_T_MAX_AN_ D80 - Analog Negative
-400 400 0 % MOT_T_NOM 40.96
NEG Torque Max from Application
PRC_SPD_MAX_ D82 - Analog Positive Speed %
-200 200 0 40.96
AN_POS Max from Application MOT_SPD_NOM
PRC_SPD_MAX_ D83 - Analog Negative %
-200 200 0 40.96
AN_NEG Speed Max from Application MOT_SPD_NOM
E41 - Multiplication factor
MUL_AI_IN_SEL 0 4 0 1
selection
E42 - Multiplication factor
MUL_AI_OUT_SEL 0 2 0 1
target
E43 - Max analog input value
MUL_AI_MAX -180.00 180.00 100.0 % A.I. 163.84
for multiplication factor
E44 - Min analog input value
MUL_AI_MIN -180.00 180.00 0.0 % A.I. 163.84
for multiplication factor
E45 - Multiplication factor
MUL_KCF_MAX with max analog input -100.0 100.0 1.0 100
(MUL_AI_MAX)
E46 - Multiplication factor
MUL_KCF_MIN with min analog input -100.0 100.0 -1.0 100
(MUL_AI_MAX)
PRC_SPD_TOT_ D72 - Speed reference from %
-100 100 0 163.84
AN AI1 + AI2 + AI3 + AI16 MOT_SPD_MAX
E48 - Storing input
STR_MUL_AI 0 2 0 1
multilpicative factor
MUL_KP D73 - Multiplication factor -100.0 100.0 0 16
PRC_SPD_REF_ %
D74 - Speed reference -100 100 0 163.84
AN MOT_SPD_MAX
PRC_APP_SPD_ D33 - Speed reference %
-100 100 0 163.84
REF (application generated) MOT_SPD_MAX
PRC_SPD_TOT_ E09 - Analog speed/PID %
0.00 100.00 0 163.84
AN_DZ error - Dead zone amplitude MOT_SPD_MAX
60 MW00001E00 V_4.3
3.1.2 Current Analog Reference 4÷20ma
If the user wants to give references in current (4÷20 mA signals), it’s necessary to set correctly the dip-
switch sw1 in the display card (see installation manual 5.2.17). After that, for every analog input it’s
possible to enable, with connections C95÷C97, the correct software manage of these inputs. When the
4÷20 mA function is enabled, automatically is set KP_Ax=125% and OFFSET_Aix=-25%, in this way
with 4 mA the reference is 0 and with 20 mA the reference is 100%. Furthermore there is a software
lower limitation to 0%, so with current reference lower than 4 mA, the real reference is 0.
It’s possible to enable separately all references using connections or logic input functions.
For speed and torque references the active reference is the sum of all enabled references, for torque
and speed limit prevails the more constrain active reference, between the sum of analog and the
Fieldbus references.
There can be up to 4 differential analog inputs (A.I.1 ÷ A.I.16) ± 10V which, after being digitally
converted with a resolution of 14 bits, can be:
MW00001E00 V_4.3 61
62 MW00001E00 V_4.3
Analog Speed Reference
Analog Reference AI1
%A.I.1 Speed Ref.
+
Analog Reference AI3
%A.I.3 Sym. Torque Limit Ref.
+
Analog Reference AI3
%A. I.3 Sym. Speed Limit Ref.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 63
For example in the case of A.I.1, the result of the conditioning is given by the following equation:
REF1= ((A.I.1/10)*P1) + P2
By selecting a suitable correction factor and offset the most varied linear relationships can be obtained
between the input signal and the reference generated, as exemplified below.
-10V -5V
P1=100.0 P1=200.0
P2=0 P1=200.0
P2=0
-100% P2=-100.0
-100%
Default setting
REF1 REF1
100% 100%
P1=80.0 P1=-80.0
P2=20.0 P2=100.0
20% 20%
Note: for the offset parameters (P02, P04 and P06) an integer representation has been used on the
basis of 16383, in order to obtain maximum possible resolution for their settings.
As said above, the enabling of each analog input is independent and can be set permanently by using
the corresponding connection or can be controlled by a logic input after it has been suitably configured.
For example to enable input A.I.1 the connection E00 or the input logic function I03 can be used, with
the default allocated to logic input 3.
The parameters E03÷E05 and E08 are used to separately configure the analog inputs available:
0 Speed ref.
1 Torque ref.
Several inputs can be configured to the same meaning so that the corresponding references, if
enabled, will be added together.
Note: using the appropriate multiplicative coefficient for each reference it is therefore possible to
execute the subtraction of two signals.
In the case of the torque limit, if there is no analog input configured to the given meaning and enabled,
the reference is automatically put at the maximum that can be represented, i.e. 400%. In internal
quantities d32 it is possible to view the torque limit imposed by the application.
In the case of the torque reference there is a first order filter with time constant that can be set in
milliseconds in parameter E06. In the internal quantity d10 the torque reference can be viewed as set
by the application.
64 MW00001E00 V_4.3
3.1.3 Dead Zone
This function allows to set a zone (“dead zone”) where the analog reference is automatically set to 0.
To enable the dead zone, set the parameter E09 “PRC_SPD_TOT_AN_DZ” to a value different to
zero.
When the analog reference is less than E09 his value is automatically set to 0, when reference is
greater than E09 the value is scaled with input range from E09=0% to 100%.
The following scheme shows the situation. The dead zone is symmetric.
OUT
100%
- PRC_SPD_TOT_AN_DZ
-100%
IN
100%
+ PRC_SPD_TOT_AN_DZ
-100%
MW00001E00 V_4.3 65
Digital Speed References
OR
Dig. Potentiometer Command Reference
ID_EN_DG_POT (I06)
EN_DG_POT(E18) % Digital Potentiometer Speed
Enable OUT Reference
ID_UP_POTD(I09) Increases
PRC_SPD_REF_DG_POT(D67)
ID_DN_POTD (I10) Decrements
PRC_START_DG_POT(E13) StartValue
DG_POT_RAMPS(E17) TRamp
PRC_MIN_REF_DG_POT(E16) XMin
PRC_MAX_REF_DG_POT(E15) XMax
Selector
0 Command Reference
0.0
% Jog Speed Reference
PRC_SPD_JOG (E11) 1 PRC_SPD_REF_JOG (D76)
OR
Sel
ID_EN_SPD_JOG (I05)
EN_SPD_JOG (E12)
The value programmed in parameter E11 can be used as digital speed reference either by activating
the logic function “Enable Jog” I.05 assigned to an input (default input L.I.5) or with the connection
E12=1. The resolution is 1/10000 of the maximum working speed.
A function that makes it possible to obtain a terminal board adjustable speed reference through the use
of two logic inputs to which are assigned the input functions digital potentiometer up I09”
(ID_UP_POTD) and “Digital potentiometer down I10” (ID_DN_POTD) .
The reference is obtained by increasing or decreasing an internal counter with the ID_UP_POTD and
ID_DN_POTD functions respectively.
The speed of increase or decrease set by parameter E17 (acceleration time of the digital
potentiometer) which sets how many seconds the reference takes to go from 0 to 100%, keeping the
ID_UP_POTD active (this times is the same as to go from 100.0% to 0.0% by holding ID_DN_POTD
active). If ID_UP_POTD are ID_DN_POTD are activated at the same time the reference remains still.
The movement of the reference is only enabled when the converter is in RUN.
The functioning is summarised in the following table:
ID_DN_POT
Converter running on-line ID_UP_POTD DP.LV C20 REF
D
H H L x x increases
H L H x x decreases
H L L x x stopped
H H H x x stopped
L x x x x stopped
L -> H x x L L P8
L -> H x x H L REF4 L.v.
L -> H x x L H REF4 L.v.
L -> H x x H H REF4 L.v.
H = active x = does not matter L = not active L -> H = From Off-line to On-line
The digital potentiometer reference requires, to be enabled, activation of function I06 after allocating an
input or activating connection E18 (E18=1).
In the parameters E15 and E16 the maximum and the minimum admitted reference values can be
marked for the digital potentiometer reference.
66 MW00001E00 V_4.3
3.1.5 Frequency Speed Reference
MW00001E00 V_4.3 67
3.1.5.1 Speed Frequency Reference Management
This speed reference in pulses can be provided in 4 different ways (alternatives to each other), that can
be selected by means of connection C09.
2 Digital f/s Frequency reference (freq. and up/down) counting all edges
3 Digital f/s 1 edge Frequency reference (freq. and up/down) counting one edge
To be used Speed reference in pulses must be enabled either by activating the function “Enable
reference in frequency I19“ assigned an input or by means of connection E23=1 .
The incremental position reference is always enabled and it’s possible to add an offset depending on
analog and digital speed reference enable.
68 MW00001E00 V_4.3
3.1.5.2 Digital Frequency Reference
About the digital frequency reference, there are two working modes can be selected with C09:
• Setting C09 = 1 a reference can be provided with an encoder signal with 4 tracks of a
maximum range varying between 5V and 24V and a maximum frequency of 300KHz.
• Setting C09 = 2 a speed reference can be provided with an frequency signal with a maximum
range varying between 5V and 24V and a maximum frequency of 300KHz.
(setting C09 =3 will be manage the same input, but internally will be count only rising edge,
this option is useful only if it is used the time decode).
The number N of impulses/revolution for the reference is set by connection E20:
N 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
N° of impulses/revolution Disable 64 128 256 512 1024 2048 4096 8192 16384
There are the parameters E21 and E22 that permit specification of the ratio between the reference
speed and input frequency as a Numerator/Denominator ratio.
In general terms, therefore, if you want the speed of rotation of the rotor to be X rpm, the relationship to
use to determine the input frequency is the following:
E E
and vice versa
E E
Let us now look at a few examples of cascade activation (MASTER SLAVE) with frequency input
according to a standard encoder.
By a MASTER drive the simulated encoder signals A, /A, B, /B are picked up to be taken to the
frequency input of the SLAVE. By means of parameters E21 and E22 the slipping between the two is
programmed.
Master Slave
Master Slave
Master Slave
To obtain good performance at low speed it is necessary to select an encoder resolution for the master
that sufficiently high.
More precisely, the signal coming from the encoder can be adapted according to the report E21/E22
and, if necessary, one of the analog input. In fact, setting parameters E41 and E42, is possible bound
an analog input at the numerator of the scroll ratio. In this way the scroll ratio can be changed by an
analog input.
The setting is:
• E41= analog input to use
• E42=2
MW00001E00 V_4.3 69
3.1.5.3 Frequency Speed Reference Management
The speed reference in pulses is very accurate (no pulses is lost) but for its nature it has an irregular
shape because are counted the edges every sampling period (TPWM) and this produce a speed
reference with many noise. Also if the frequency input is constant, between a PWM period and another
could be counted a variable number of pulses, ± one pulse. This produce a low resolution reference,
expecially when the frequency input decreases.
For not use a big filter with frequency reference it’s possible to use its time decode that has a good
resolution. It is measured the time between various edges of frequency input with resolution of 25ns,
reaching a percentage resolution not less than 1/8000 (13 bit) working to 5KHz of PWM (increasing
PWM resolution decreases linearly).
There are 3 different ways to manage frequency speed reference, selectable with parameter
E24 (FRQ_REF_SEL):
E24 Description
0 Pulses reference
1 Decoded in time reference
2 Pulses and decoded in time reference
Enabling the frequency speed reference can be done by the parameter E23 = 1 (EN_FRQ_REF) or
bringing at active logic state input function I19.
0 sysSpeedPercRef
Selector
FRQ_IN_NUM(E21) Multiply
A
0.0 0 Division
/A
B
Input
Encoder
216 IN
Mul X OUT Selector
/B
2
BASE
FRQ IN DEN (E22)
IN
Div / OUT 0.0
0
FRQ_IN_SEL (C09) Sel FRQ_IN_PPR_SEL sysSpeedRefPuls
(E20) 1
ID_EN_FRQ_REF (I19) OR
Sel
EN_FRQ_REF (E23)
In this mode, the speed reference is given only in pulses ensuring maximum correspondence master-
slave, but with a strong granular signal especially for low frequency input.
Linear ramps are not enabled.
Selecto
A FRQ_IN_NUM(E21) Multipl
/A 0.0 0 Divisio
B
/B
Input 216
IN
Mul XOUT Selecto
Encode
2 BASE
FRQ_IN_PPR_SEL
FRQ_IN_DEN
IN
Div / OUT 0.0
0
FRQ_IN_SEL (C09) Sel
(E20) 1
ID_EN_FRQ_REF (I19)
OR EN_FRQ_REF (E23) Sel
Time_Dec
Filter 1° order
IN OUT
IN OUT Multipl
TimeF IN OUT
TF_TIME_DEC_FRQ (E25) X
Mul sysSpeedPercRe
KP_TIME_DEC_FRQ(E26) f
0 sysSpeedRefP
In this working mode the frequency speed reference is decoded in time with maximum linearity also for
very low input frequencies.
In this mode is possible to create a dynamic electrical axis, possibly with linear ramps enabled, but that
is not rigid in the sense that there is no guarantee master-slave phase maintenance.
70 MW00001E00 V_4.3
3.1.5.3.3 Pulses and Decoded in Time Reference (E24=2)
Selector
FRQ_IN_NUM(E21) Multiply
A 0.0 0 IN OUT Division
/A
B
Input
Encoder
2
16
Mul X IN OUT
Selector
/B 2
BASE
FRQ IN DEN (E22) Div / 0.0
0
FRQ_IN_SEL (C09) FRQ_IN_PPR_SEL
(E20) ID_EN_FRQ_REF (I19) OR 1
EN_FRQ_REF (E23)
Time_Dec
Filter 1° order
IN OUT
IN OUT Multiply
TF_TIME_DEC_FRQ (E25) TimeF IN
Mul X OUT sysSpeedPercRef
KP TIME DEC FRQ(E26)
Ramps
enabled
sysSpeedRefPul
Ramps
disabled
This is the most complete and powerful mode, which makes use of both references:
the frequency speed reference decoded in time ("sysSpeedPercReference”) has very good
resolution also for low frequency input, thus allows high speed regulator gains
the pulses speed reference (“sysSpeedRefPulses "), going to impose a reference to the
integral part of the speed regulator, will not miss pulses, ensuring maximum precision in the
master-slave electrical axes
If the linear ramps are enabled will act only after the first starting, then going to exclude themselves.
Putting C09 = 0 (with the optional hardware) an analog signal can be provided ±of 10V that will be
converted into frequency while impulse counting will be taken from the high precision speed reference.
Parameter P10 permits compensation of any offset present in the analog input and is expressed in
units of 10µV;
Parameter P88 permits setting of the voltage to which maximum speed will correspond (default value
of 10000mV or 10V).
REF2
100%
-P88
P88 Vin
-100%
MW00001E00 V_4.3 71
3.1.6 Digital Inputs Configurations
The control requires up to 8 optically insulated digital inputs (L.I.1 … L.I.8.) whose logic functions can
be configured by means of connection C1 ÷ C8.
TF_LI6-7-8 P15 - I06,07,08 logical inputs digital filter 0.0 20.0 2.2 ms 10
The following table shows the logic functions managed by standard application:
DEFAULT DEFAULT
NAME INPUT LOGIC FUNCTIONS
INPUT STATUS
I 00 ID_RUN Run command L.I.4 L
I 01 ID_CTRL_TRQ Torque control L
I 02 ID_EN_EXT External enable L.I.2 H
I 03 ID_EN_SPD_REF_AN Enable analog reference A.I.1. L.I.3 L
I 04 ID_EN_TRQ_REF_AN Enable analog reference A.I.2. L.I.5 L
I 05 ID_EN_JOG Enable speed jog L.I.7 L
I 06 ID_EN_SPD_REF_POTD Enable digital potentiometer speed reference L
I 07 ID_EN_LIM_TRQ_AN Enable analog reference A.I.3. L
I 08 ID_RESET_ALR Reset alarms L.I.1 L
I 09 ID_UP_POTD Digital potentiometer UP L
I 10 ID_DN_POTD Digital potentiometer DOWN L
I 11 ID_LAST_V_POTD Load last digital potentiometer value L
I 12 ID_INV_SPD_REF Invert speed reference value L.I.6 L
I 14 ID_EN_FLDB_REF Enable FIELD-BUS reference values L
I 15 ID_EN_PID_REF Enable PID ref
I 16 ID_EN_PAR_DB2 Enable second parameter bank L
I 17 ID_EN_LP_SPZ_AXE Enable space loop for electrical axis L
I 18 ID_FRZ_COM_I Freeze integral part of PID
I 19 ID_EN_SPD_REF_FRQ Enable frequency speed reference value L
I 20 ID_EN_AI16 Enable analog reference value AI16 L
I 21 ID_EN_OVR_LMN_I Enable override integral part of PID
I 22 ID_EN_RAMP Enable liner ramps L.I.8 L
I 23 ID_TC_SWT_MOT Motor termo-switch L
I 24 ID_BLK_MEM_I_SPD Freeze PI speed regulator integral memory L
I 25 ID_EN_OFS_LP_SPZ Enable offset on overlap position loop reference L
I 26 ID_EN_SB Enable speed regulator second bank L
I 27 ID_POS_SEL0 Stop in position target selection (bit0) L
I 28 ID_POS_SEL1 Stop in position target selection (bit1)
I 29 ID_EN_POS Enable Stop in position function
I 30 ID_EN_POS_NOV Enable Stop in position movement
I 31 ID_PWM_SYNCH PWM synchronization input
72 MW00001E00 V_4.3
NB: pay particular attention to the fact that it is absolutely not possible to assign the same logic
function to two different logic inputs: after changing the connection value that sets a
determined input, check that the value has been accepted, if not check that another has not
already been allocated to that input. In order to disable a logic input it’s necessary to assign to
it the logic function -1: this is the only value that can be assigned to more than one inputs.
For example, to assign a specific logic function to logic input 1 you must first write the desired logic
number for connection I01:
I01 = 14 logic input 1 can be used to enable Fieldbus references
The logic functions that have been configured become active (H) when the input level is at high status
(20V < V < 28V), and there is a 2.2ms hardware filter. With the connection C79 it’s possible to enable
the active logic low state for a particular digital input, it’s necessary to sum 2 to the power of ordinal
input number.
For example to set digital inputs I0 and I3 to active low state, set: C79 = 2 0 + 2 3 = 9
The functions that have not been assigned assume default value; for example, if the function
“external enable“ is not assigned it becomes, as default, “active ( H )” so the converter is as if there
were no assent from the field.
Actually the input logic functions can also be set by serial connection and by fieldbus, with the following
logic:
I00 Run: stands alone, it has to be confirmed by terminal board inputs, by the serial and by the
fieldbus, though in the case of the latter the default is active and so, if unaltered, controls only the
terminal board input.
I01÷ I31: is the parallel of the corresponding functions that can be set at the terminal board, the serial
or the fieldbus.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 73
Name Description Min Max Default UM Scale
D52 - Second sensor Absolute
SENS2_TURN_POS mechanical position (on current 0 16384 1
revolution)
D53 - Second sensor Number of
SENS2_N_TURN 0 16384 1
revolutions
D54 - Second sensor Frequency
SENS2_FRQ_IN 0 KHz 16
input
SENS2_ZERO_TOP D56 - Sensor2 Zero Top 0 pulses 1
C25 - Second resolver DDC
RES2_DDC_BW 0 1 0 Hz 1
bandwidth
Range
EN_SLOT_SWAP C19 - Enable sensor slot swap 0 No 0 1
1 Yes
SENS2_RES Second sensor resolution 0 bit 1
sensor
SENS2_POS Second sensor actual position 0 1
pulses
3.2 OUTPUT
The control can have up to 4 optically insulated digital outputs (L.O.1 … L.O.4) whose logic functions
can be configured as active high (H) by means of connection C10 ÷ C13.
The following table shows the logic functions managed by standard application:
O 04 OD_RUN_CW CW / CCW
74 MW00001E00 V_4.3
O 10 OD_PREC_OK Power soft-start active
If you wish to have the logic outputs active at the low level (L) you need just configure the connection
corresponding to the chosen logic function but with the value denied: for example, if you want to
associate the function “ end of ramp ” to logic output 1 active low, you have to program connection 10
with the number -6 ( C10=-6 ).
Note: if you want to configure Output logic 0 to active low you have to set the desired connection to
value -32 .
PRC_AO1_10V P57 - % value of 10V for analog output A 100.0 400.0 200 % 10
PRC_AO2_10V P58 - % value of 10V for analog output B 100.0 400.0 200 % 10
There can be a maximum of two analog outputs, VOUTA and VOUTB ± 10 V, 2mA.
To each of the two outputs can be associated an internally regulated variables selected from the list
here below; the allocation is made by programming the connection corresponding to the output
concerned, C15 for VOUTA and C16 for VOUTB, with the number given in the table below
corresponding to the relative quantities. By means of the parameters P57 (for VOUTA) and P58 (for
VOUTB) it is also possible to set the percentage of the variables selected to correspond to the
maximum output voltage (default values are P57=P58=200% so 10V in output correspond to 200% of
variable selected). The default for VOUTA is a signal proportional to the current supplied by converter
(C15=11), in VOUTB the signal is proportional to the working speed (C16=4).
MW00001E00 V_4.3 75
It is also possible to have the absolute internal variable value desired: to do this it is simply necessary
to program the connection corresponding to the denied desired number: for example taking C15=-21
there will be an analog output signal proportional to the absolute value of the working frequency.
It is also possible to have a analog output fixed to +10V: to do this it is simply necessary to program the
connection corresponding to 100.
POSSIBLE CONNECTIONS
1
VOUTA
C15 100Ω
11
100
0
4 VOUTB
C16 100Ω
100
THE DARKER LINE INDICATES THE
DEFAULT PROGRAMMING
DEFAULT
OUTPUT ANALOG FUNCTIONS
OUTPUT
O 00 Actual mechanical position read by sensor[100%=180]
O 01 Actual electrical position read by sensor(delta m) [100%=180]
O 02 Reference speed value before ramps [% n mAX]
O 03 Reference speed value after ramps [% n MAX]
O 04 Rotation speed filtered [% n MAX] A.0.2
O 05 Torque request [% C NOM MOT]
O 06 Internal value: status (MONITOR only)
O 07 Request to current loop for torque current [% I NOM AZ]
O 08 Request to current loop for flux current [% I NOM AZ]
O 09 Max voltage available [% VNOM MOT]
O 10 Internal value: alarms (MONITOR only)
O 11 Current module [% I NOM AZ] A.0.1
O 12 Motor sensor Zero Top [100%=180]
O 13 U phase current reading [% I MAX AZ]
O 14 Internal value: inputs (MONITOR only)
O 15 Torque component of current reading [% I NOM AZ]
O 16 Magnetizing component of current reading [% I NOM AZ]
O 17 U phase voltage duty-cycle
O 18 Stator voltage reference value module [% VNOM MOT]
O 19 Modulation index [0<->1]
O 20 Request Q axis voltage (Vq_rif) [% VNOM]
O 21 Delivered power [% PNOM]
O 22 Request D axis voltage (Vd_rif) [% VNOM]
O 23 Torque produced [% C NOM MOT]
O 24 DC bus voltage [100%=900V]
O 25 Radiator temperature
O 26 Motor temperature
O 27 Rotor flux [% NOM]
O 28 Motor thermal current [% alarm threshold A6]
O 29 Current limit [% I MAX AZ]
O 30 CW maximum torque [% C NOM MOT]
O 31 CCW maximum torque [% C NOM MOT]
76 MW00001E00 V_4.3
O 32 Internal value: outputs (MONITOR only)
O 33 Internal value: inputs_hw (MONITOR only)
O 34 V phase current reading [% I MAX AZ]
O 35 W phase current reading [% I MAX AZ]
O 36 Actual electrical position (alfa_fi ) [100%=180 ]
O 37 Analog input A.I.1
O 38 Analog input A.I.2
O 39 Analog input A.I.3
O 40 Positive speed reference limit [% n MAX]
O 41 Application speed reference value ("sysSpeedPercReference") [% n MAX]
O 42 Application torque reference value ("sysTorqueReference") [% C NOM MOT]
O 43 Application positive torque limit ("sysMaxTorque") [% C NOM MOT]
Frequency speed reference value from application ("sysSpeedRefPulses") [Pulses
O 44
per TPWM]
Overlapped space loop reference value from application
O 45
("sysPosRefPulses")[Pulses per TPWM]
O 46 Amplitude to the square of sine and cosine feedback signals [1=100%]
O 47 Sen_theta (Direct resolver and Sin/Cos Encoder) [Max amplitude = 200%]
O 48 Cos_ theta (Direct resolver and Sin/Cos Encoder) [Max amplitude = 200%]
O 49 Rotation speed not filtered [% n MAX]
O 50 Delta pulses read in PWM period in frequency input [Pulses per PWM]
O 51 Overlapped space loop memory lsw [Electrical pulses (x P67)
O 52 Overlapped space loop memory msw [Electrical turns (x P67)]
O 53 Incremental SIN theta Sin/Cos Encoder
O 54 Incremental COS theta Sin/Cos Encoder
O 55 End initial reset
O 56 PTM motor thermal probe
O 57 PTR radiator thermal probe
O 58 Pulses read by sensor
O 59 SENS2 Rotation speed not filtered
O 60 SENS2 Actual position
O 61 SENS2 Sin_theta
O 62 SENS2 Cos_theta
O 63 SYNC delay measured
O 64 Application negative torque limit (“sysMaxNegativeTorque”) [%C NOM MOT]
O 65 Energy dissipated on breaking resistance [joule]
O 66 IGBT junction temperature [ %100°]
O 67 Negative speed reference limit [%nMAX]
O 68 Stop in position target [100%=180]
O 69 Stop in position actual position [100%=180]
O 70 Stop in position error [100%=180]
O 71 Stop in position o33 timer [ms]
O 85 Setpoint PID
O 86 Process value PID
O 87 Component P of PID
O 88 Component I of PID
O 89 Component D of PID
O 90 Error SP-PV of PID
O 91 Output PID
MW00001E00 V_4.3 77
3.2.3 Frequency Output
With C52 is possible select the signal for the frequency output as indicated in the follow table:
With the default setting (C52=0) is possible to configure the frequency output signals, but there will be
a little jitter on the signals for the inner PLL regulation. With C52=1 the output is produced directly from
sensor 1 signals. This option, usable only with Encoder or SinCos Encode, ensures a good signal
stability (without jitter) but does not allow to choose the number of pulses per revolution in output, since
these are those of the sensor.
With C52=1, in the particular case of Resolver decoded with RDC19224, the choice of the number of
pulses for revolution depends on the maximum speed and the number of sensor polar couples (P68/2)
in this way:
6000 4096
24000 1024
With C52=2 the output is produced directly from sensor 2 signals, and with C52=3 the output is equal
to frequency input.
With C52=5 is possible to configure the frequency output signals related to second sensor, choosing
the number of pulse per revolution with C51.
78 MW00001E00 V_4.3
3.2.3.1 Simulated Encoder Signals
The frequency of the output signals depends on the motor revolutions, the number of sensor poles and
the selection made (see connection C51 in the core file) and their behaviour in time depends on
rotation sense (CW or CCW) and on C50 as shown in the figures below
The simulated encoder outputs are all driven by a “LINE DRIVER”. Their level in the standard drive
version is referred to +5V and then it is connected to the internal supply (TTL +5V).
In option (to be requested in the ordering) there is the possibility to refer the signal level to an external
supply whose value must be between +5V and +24V, connection on terminal 5 and 6.
In the connected device it is better to use a differential input to avoid loops with the 0V wire, to limit
noise effects it is better to load this input (10mA max).
WARNING: the external power supply GND is connected with the 0V of the drive (it is not
optoisolated).
WARNING (MiniOPDE SETTING CONTROL BOARD): see the relevant installation manual.
WARNING: the simulated encoder signals (A,/A,B,/B,C,/C) can exit the connector M4 card
regolationto different voltage. In the standard setting of dip switch SW1, as supplied by the TDE
[figure (1)], there is the possibilty of supplying a max voltage of 24Vdc to pin M4-5 and M4-6.
The signals will come to the same voltage provided at the entrance. With the standard setting, if
you don’t provide the voltage on pin M4-5 and M4-6, signals come out at 4,4V.
If you want to use the signals to 5V, set the dip switch SW1 as shown in figure(2), without
providing any voltage at the terminals M4-5 and M4-6 it may damage the drive.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 79
80 MW00001E00 V_4.3
3.2.3.2 Configuration of the Encoder Simulation Output
Both of bidirectional simulation encoder channels could have a number of pulses per motor revolution
selectable by C51, according to the following table that also depends on the number of sensor polar
couples:
1 64
2 128
3 256
4 512
5 1024
6 2048
7 4096
8 8192
9 16384
10 32768
11 65536
12 131072
WARNING: The choice of the number of pulses for revolution depends on the maximum speed
and the number of sensor polar couples (P68/2). In the following table are reported this
limitation. If it is selected a number of pulses too high compared with the maximum speed it is
triggered the alarm A15 code = 1.
460 65536
920 32768
1840 16384
3680 8192
7360 4096
14720 2048
29440 1024
32767 512
MW00001E00 V_4.3 81
3.2.3.3 Simulated Encoder Meaning
The C54 connection allows to select two different modes of working for simulated encoder:
Absolute Simulated Encoder C54=0 (default): in this mode also the third channel (zero
pulse) is managed.
Incremental Simulated Encoder C54=1: in this mode the simulated encoder channels follow
the motor rotation in incremental way and the third channel (zero pulse) loses of meaning
Reference Simulated Encoder C54=2: in this mode the simulated encoder channels follow
the speed reference, and the third channel (zero pulse) loses of physical meaning. If the drive
doesn’t work in torque limit the reference speed follows perfectly the real speed.
This choice is significant only for sensors with a zero pulse (Encoder, Encoder and Hall sensors,
Sin/Cos Encoder), in the other case (Resolver, Endat) the Simulated Encoder is always absolute.
The third channel generates always one zero pulse per revolution.
In the case of multipolar resolver, the zero pulse position depends randomly from the starting position.
The position of the zero pulse depends on the fit of the sensor on the drive shaft; with reference to the
original position, decoding the zero of the sensor position, this position may be changed with jumps of
90° electrical (with reference to the sensor) by means of connection C49 according to the following
table:
C49 Displacement
0 +0°
1 +90°
2 +180°
3 +270°
82 MW00001E00 V_4.3
Using parameters P37 (65536=1 mechanical turn) and P39 (number of mechanical turns) it’s possible
to set a maximum tracking error threshold, if the absolute error value becomes greater than this value,
the logic output o.9 “Tracking error” goes at high level.
The overlapped space loop reference value is generated by the application and regards the
“sysPosRefPulses” value, which is also expressed in pulses for a period of PWM.
Note that once this function has been enabled, the overlapped space loop reference value will become
the real position reference value, while the other speed reference values will represent feed-forward.
With digital logic function I25 (“ID_EN_OFS_LP_SPZ”) is possible to add an offset on position
reference, based on analog and digital speed reference.
The space loop regulator is a pure proportional gain and its gain can be set on P38: set a value that
ensures a quick response, but one that does not make the motor vibrate at a standstill.
The continuous position control is most commonly applied to the electric axis: by taking the speed
reference value from the MASTER’s Simulated Encoder and taking it to the SLAVE’s frequency input,
the motion of the two motors can be synchronised. Once the overlapped space loop is enabled, the two
motors will always maintain the same relative position whatever their load. If the SLAVE reaches its
torque limit, the counter will save the position error and then correct it as long as the internal counter
limit has not been reached, in which case the synchronisation will be lost.
If “EN_POS_REG_MEM_CLR” (E40) is set to 1 when the drive is in stop the error memory is cleared.
With connection C90 “EN_POS_REG_SENS2” it’s possible to enable the use of second sensor to
close the incremental position loop. Parameters P152 and P153 are used to set the reduction ration
between second sensor and motor sensor.
Managing a frequency space reference means always guarantee the same phase angle between
master and slave. To do this work is necessary to enable the overlapped position loop with parameter
E39 or bringing at active state input function I17.
It should then provide a speed feed-forward reference, the best solution is to use the frequency speed
reference decoded in time (E24=1 and E19=0), alternatively, wanting to work in pulses, clear E24=0.
Note: Wanting to manage in space the frequency reference, it’s not possible to enable pulses and
decoding in time reference (E24 = 2).
The recommended block diagram is:
Selector sysPosRefPuls
A FRQ_IN_NUM(E21) Multiply
/A 0.0 0 IN OUT Division
B
/B
Input
Encoder
216
Mul X IN OUT
Selector
2
BASE
FRQ IN DEN (E22) Div
FRQ_IN_PPR_SEL
/ 0.0
0
FRQ IN SEL (C09) Sel
(E20) 1
ID_EN_FRQ_REF (I19) Sel
OR EN_FRQ_REF (E23)
Time_Decode
Filter 1° order
IN OUT
IN OUT Multiply
TimeF IN OUT
TF_TIME_DEC_FRQ (E25)
KP_TIME_DEC_FRQ(E26)
X
Mul
sysSpeedPercR
f
The frequency speed reference decoded in time ("sysSpeedPercReference”) has to be enabled with
E23=1 o I19=H, it has very good resolution also for low frequency input, thus allows high speed
regulator gains.
The pulses space reference (“sysPosRefPulses”) has to be enabled with C65=1 o I17=H from then on
will not miss pulses, ensuring maximum precision in the master-slave electrical axes.
Since the overlapped position loop is enabled, it is useless enable also the linear ramps on frequency
speed reference decoded in time.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 83
3.3.2 Pid Controller
84 MW00001E00 V_4.3
PID Control
Selector
DGT_SP_PID
AI1 0
AI2
AI3
AI16 6
PRC_SPD_REF_TIME_DEC
PRC_SPD_SENS2
Selector
SEL_SP_PID (E73) PID
SP
PV LMN_P ACT_COM_P_PID (D87)
LMN_I ACT_COM_I_PID (D88)
PRC_SPD_TOT_AN_DZ(E09) DEAD_BND LMN_D ACT_COM_D_PID (D89)
Selector TF_PID_KP(E76) KP_Filter Error ACT_ERR_PID (D90)
XOut External Ref
DGT_SP_PID
ACT_OUT_PID (D91)
AI1 0 KP_PID(E75) KP
AI2 TI_PID(E77) TI Speed Ref
AI3 TD_PID(E78) TD Multiplex
AI16 6 ID_FRZ_COM_I (I24) FREEZE_I
PRC_SPD_REF_TIME_DEC ID_EN_OVR_LMN_I (I21) EN_OVRD_I 0 Torque Ref
PRC_SPD_SENS2 OVR_LMN_I (E83) OVRD_I
Selector
SEL_PV_PID (E74) LMN_MIN_OUT_PID(E79) XMin 7 Sym. Torque Limit
XMax
LMN_MAX_OUT_PID(E80)
SEL_OUT_PID (E82) Selector Positive Torque Limit
LMN_I
ERROR Filter 1° order I18 - Freeze Integral
Dead band (Error time filter) part of PID LMN_I_MAX
DMax Proportional Gain
+
(Setpoint)
SP
- E09 – E77-TI_PID
+
E73-SEL_SP_PID DMin E75 – E76-TF_PID_KP LMN I MIN
PRC_SPD_TOT_AN_DZ
E72-DGT_SP_PID KP_PID I21 - Enable
Override Integral
part of PID E83 – OVR_LMN_I
(Feed-back) PV Derivate Time (Override Integral part)
E74-SEL_PV_PID
LMN_D
E78-TD_PID
E80-
I15 - Enable PID LMN_MAX_OUT_
ref PID
E82-
SEL_OUT_PID XOut
E81-
EN_REF_PID
E79-
LMN_MIN_
OUT_PID
For a better understanding of the PID function it is useful to identify three parts of the controller
structure:
- PID input signals. In this section are selected the analog references, Frequency reference and
second sensor. The output of this part can be used as input to the PID regulator block.
- PID Regulator Block. This is the PID regulator or controller with its parameter and setting as
gains and scaling factors.
- PID output signals. This section is used managing the PID regulator output signal to be used
as reference input in the drive.
From the new software release is possible to enable some new functions:
• When the parameter E71-EN_PID is se to 2-Enable with Invert Output the error processed
by the PID controller is defined as: Error = PV – SP, In this way the output is reversed
compared to the standard behavior,
• Dead zone (defined in the paragraph 3.1.3 pag. 65) allows to put to zero the Error if its value
is lower (absolute value) then the dead band limit E09-PRC_SPD_TOT_AN_DZ,
• The Logical Input I18 allows to “freeze” the integral part of PID,
• The Logical Input I21 allows to overwrite the integral part of PID with the value set in E83-
OVR_LMN_I.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 85
PID Input signals there considers three different possible setting of OPD Explorer: Set Point PID
Regulator, Feed back PID Regulator and Manual set point PID Controller.
In all the three different setting the signals coming from the analog inputs AI1,AI2, and AI3, from the
frequency input as speed reference and from the second sensor are eventually either added or
compared together.
With the exception of the feedback setting the reference can be a digital set point with the appropriate
configurations.
With the following premises:
o Input “SP” is the regulation reference with PID enabled (“auto”=TRUE) displayed thru internal
value “ACT_SP_PID” (D85)
o Input “PV” is the feedback signal of the regulator with PID enabled (“auto”=TRUE) displayed
thru internal value “ACT_PV_PID” (D86)
o Input “KP_Filter” defines the time for the first order filter that acts only on the proportional part
o The PID parameters are:
• “KP” proportional gain
• “TI” integral time defined in ms (if set = 0 integral gain is disabled)
• “TD” derivative time defined in ms (if set = 0 integral gain is disabled)
• Thru inputs “XMAX” (parameter “LMN_MAX_OUT_PID” E80) and “XMIN” (parameter
“LMN_MIN_OUT_PID” E79) it is possible to limit the regulation value as “XOUT”. When
output “XOUT” reaches its regulation limit the integral part will be freezed and blocked.
Whereas T_DRW_PWM = 1000 / P101 with P101 = PWM frequency and Error_Last is the error value
of the previous control cycle.
N.B. In the folder “PID Controller” with the parameter "EN_PID" ( E71 - Enabling Genera PID
Control) is possible to disable the PID control function. If this parameter is disabled the PID
control is not active.
If the drive is working in speed control, this particular function gives the chance to stop in a specific and
absolute position of the rotation revolution (stop target position). Once the stop position has been
reached, it is possible to command a relative movement of ±180°. Moreover there is the chance of
choosing the indexing speed and if to stop without inverting the rotation direction or not. The sensor
needs to have an absolute indication of the mechanical position, so if it is an Incremental Encoder, zero
TOP is necessary (obviously it is essential to run at least a one complete revolution before entering the
stop-order). If Resolver feedback is used, this must be a single pole pair one.
The stop in position can optionally be referred to a mechanical turn after a reduction gear using the
zero TOP on the load. The typical stop in position application is the indexing for the tool changing
system.
86 MW00001E00 V_4.3
%
PRC_SPD_INDEX E59 - Indexing speed reference value 0.00 100.00 2.0 163.84
MOT_SPD_MAX
POS_REG_KP P38 - Kv position loop proportional gain 0.0 100.0 4 10
STOP_POS0 E60 - Target 0 Stop in position 0.00 100.00 0 % 360 degree 163.84
STOP_POS1 E61 - Target 1 Stop in position 0.00 100.00 0 % 360 degree 163.84
STOP_POS2 E62 - Target 2 Stop in position 0.00 100.00 0 % 360 degree 163.84
STOP_POS3 E63 - Target 3 Stop in position 0.00 100.00 0 % 360 degree 163.84
ANG_MOV E64 - Angular movement Stop in position -50.00 50.00 0 % 360 degree 163.84
POS_WINDOW E65 - Position Reached window 0.00 50.00 0.15 % 360 degree 163.84
In equiverse indexing the indexing speed has Reduce indexing speed E59 or change indexing
Excessive
A4.0 a maximum value admitted, depending on mode selecting minimum track
indexing speed
max speed (P65) and position loop gain (P38)
Zero TOP 4 motor revolutions completed without reading
A4.1 Check sensor and cable.
missing Zero Top
MW00001E00 V_4.3 87
3.3.3.5 Working Mode
With the drive working in speed control, there is the chance of enabling the function “Stop in position” in
two different ways, based on E55:
• E55=1 → positioning is executed without changing the motor rotation verse (even if the error
between the actual position and the target is of few degrees);
• E55=2 → positioning is executed with the minimum track possible to reach the target position
(if the actual error between the actual position and the target is of few degrees the motor is
able to reverse its rotation direction).
Selection of what input makes “Stop in position” function active is programmable in E56:
• E56 = 0 → the input function I29 “Stop in position command “ must be set to high logic
level;
• E56 = 1 → “Stop in position command” is taken when the speed reference goes below of
the threshold value preset on E67 (on E68 the hysteresis on the stop activation can be set).
Note: the speed reference that is tested is the one in percent of the max speed
(“sysSpeedPercReference”) in case the frequency input is used, the timing signal decoding must be
enabled with E24. Once this function has been activated the drive follows a ramp speed reference
(automatically activated) to reach the indexing speed. The indexing speed is programmable in E59 in
percent of the max speed of the drive P65.
The selectable stop positions are 4, the default value is set on E60, the other on E61, E62 and E63, in
percent of the revolution, related to the absolute position.
It’s possible to select the stop position using the logical function inputs I27 and I28, how it’s shown in
the following table:
Setting E92=1 “EN_STOP_POS_AUTOSET” the actual motor shaft position is saved as the selected
target.
88 MW00001E00 V_4.3
3.3.3.6 Stop in Position and Position Loop
With E54 “DIS_STOP_POS” Stop in Position function can be disabled when the incremental position
loop is enabled.
speed
Indexing speed
P259
time
In this modality, to activate position control, it is necessary that the max. position error (180°) multiplied
by the position loop gain (P38) being greater than the indexing speed (E59), thus:
E59 30
≤ P38 ⋅
100 P65
speed
Stop in position
order Speed sign depends
on position error sign
Indexing speed
E59
time
Anyway the speed reference generated by the position control can never exceed the indexing speed
(in absolute value) set on E59.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 89
Once the drive is stopped in position, for a time programmable in E66, the logic output function O33,
becomes active.
It is possible to set the uncertain area of the logic output on parameter E65, in percent on the
revolution, as max distance (+ or -) from the correct position.
At this point it is possible to command another movement by activating the input function I30 “execute
the angular movement”.
The amplitude of the movement can be set in E64 in percent of the revolution.
In any case the motor will move on the minimum path to reach the reference position and the speed
will never go over the indexing one (E59).
Zero TOP
E60
E64
This function is enabled setting E57=1 and it’s very important to set correctly the reduction ratio
into parameters E69 and E70 corresponding to numerator and denominator (with E70 ≥ E69 ).
When this particular control is enabled, the stop position and angular movement (E60 e E64) are
referred to the absolute position downstream reduction gear.
There are two different working mode for the zero TOP management downstream reduction gear,
selectable with E58 connection:
• with E58=0 and only with Incremental Encoder (with or without Hall sensors) the zero TOP
have to be connected to PC1 and /PC1 channels motor sensor connector.
• with E58=1 the zero TOP have to be connected to the eighth logic input on M3 connector. It’s
necessary to de-configure the logic function related to eighth logic input C08=-1.
The zero position will be stored on rising edge (0 → 1), if is negative the zero position will be stored on
falling edge (1 → 0). The situation is explained in the following scheme:
90 MW00001E00 V_4.3
External TOP 0 on L.I.8
E58 = Eighth digital
Rising TOP 0
d
If actual speed filtered > 0
Falling TOP 0
d
Absolute position
E69 - GBOX_NUM
sysSensorReadIncr Mechanical position
E70 - GBOX_DEN
With parameter E89=1 it’s possible enable the command to open and close an external mechanical
brake. The parameter E90 defines the delay time at start, while the parameter E91 the delay time at
stop:
MW00001E00 V_4.3 91
The figure shows the situation when the brake is disabled (on the left) and when is enabled (on the
right). At time t0 Run Command is given an internal timer is activated, at the same the digital output
O32 goes to the high level.
From t0 to t0 + E90 every Speed Reference is annulled, the drive is in the RUN state (motor in torque)
and the Holding Brake can be disabled.
When the internal timer reaches the overflow value (E90) the speed reference is enabled.
At time t0 Run Command is disabled and O32 goes to low level too. A second timer is activate and
speed reference is disabled. From t1 to t1 + E91 the drive stops with his deceleration ramp but remain
in run state. The holding brake can be enabled. When the second timer reaches the overflow value
(E91) the Drive Running State is disabled.
4 CATALOG APPLICATIONS
The functions seen in previous chapter refer to the standard application, in the application “catalog”
(downloadable from Brushless or Asynchrous “application” project) these functions can not be present,
so please refer to the application manual itself for more details.
Some functions, however depend on the core and are otherwise present both in the standard
application and the catalog application.
Following be repeated all the functions seen previously, noting which ones are always present.
Parameters:
P00-P199 are common to all applications (standard and catalog),
E00-E99 instead depend on the type of application.
Connections:
C00-C99 are common to all applications (standard and catalog),
Internal values:
d00-d63 are common to all applications (standard and catalog),
d64-d99 instead depend on the type of application.
92 MW00001E00 V_4.3
4.1 INPUTS
The scaling of the analog reference can always be done (P01 and P02 for AI1, the same is true for the
characteristic parameters of AI2, AI3 and AI16), as well as the input value can always be viewed (d42
by AI1, d43 by AI2, d44 by AI3). Also the enable current analog reference is always present.
The choise (optional) of the meaning of each input, as well as the enable reference, instead, dependes
on the type of application.
The parameters in the following table are also present in the catalog application.
Digital potentiometer speed references and digital speed reference normally are never present in the
catalog applications, some applications may be inside some similar enabling digital speed reference
function.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 93
4.1.3 Frequency Speed Reference
2 Digital f/s Frequency reference (freq. and up/down) counting all edges
3 Digital f/s 1 edge Frequency reference (freq. and up/down) counting one edge
The eventual enable frequency input, of its meaning and possible numerator/denominator scaling,
however, depends on the type of the application.
TF_LI6-7-8 P15 - I06,07,08 logical inputs digital filter 0.0 20.0 2.2 ms 10
Others depend on the application. They can be configured (and optionally deniable with C79) the same
way as the present inputs for standard application.
94 MW00001E00 V_4.3
4.1.5 Second Sensor
The management parameters of the second sensor are always present, while the enable depends on
the application.
MW00001E00 V_4.3 95
4.2 OUTPUT
The commons logical outputs are those in the range o00 – o26. The other depends by application.
DEFAULT
NAME OUTPUT LOGIC FUNCTIONS
OUTPUT
O 00 OD_DRV_READY Drive ready L.O.2
O 01 OD_ALR_KT_MOT Moto thermal alarm
O 02 OD_SPD_OVR_MIN Speed greater than minimum L.O.4
O 03 OD_DRV_RUN Drive running L.O.1
O 04 OD_RUN_CW CW / CCW
O 05 OD_K_I_TRQ Current/torque relay
O 06 OD_END_RAMP End of ramp L.O.3
O 07 OD_LIM_I Drive at current limit
O 08 OD_LIM_TRQ Drive at torque limit
O 09 OD_ERR_INS Tracking incremental error > threshold (P37 ane P39)
O 10 OD_PREC_OK Power soft-start active
O 11 OD_BRK Braking active
O 12 OD_POW_OFF No mains power
O 13 OD_BUS_RIG Bus regeneration enable (Support 1 )
O 14 OD_IT_OVR Motor overheating (exceeds threshold P96)
O 15 OD_KT_DRV Radiator overheating (higher than P120 threshold)
O 16 OD_SPD_OK Speed reached (absolute value higher than P47)
O 17 OD_STO_ON Safe torque off active
O 19 OD_POS_INI_POL Regulation card supplied and DSP not in reset state
O 20 OD_SNS1_ABS SENS1 Absolute position available
O 21 OD_DRV_OK Drive ready and Power Soft start active
O 22 OD_LL_ACTV LogicLab application active
O 23 OD_STO_OK STO: not dangerous failure
O 24 OD_TRQ_CTRL Torque control
O 25 OD_VBUS_OK DC bus voltage exceeds threshold (P79)
O 26 OD_BRK_FLT Braking circuit fault (MiniOPDE only)
96 MW00001E00 V_4.3
4.2.2 Analog Outputs Configurations
PRC_AO1_10V P57 - % value of 10V for analog output A 100.0 400.0 200 % 10
PRC_AO2_10V P58 - % value of 10V for analog output B 100.0 400.0 200 % 10
While the analog outputs selectable are common only in the range o00 – o66, the other depends by
application:
DEFAULT
OUTPUT ANALOG FUNCTIONS
OUTPUT
O 00 Actual mechanical position read by sensor[100%=180]
O 01 Actual electrical position read by sensor(delta m) [100%=180]
O 02 Reference speed value before ramps [% n mAX]
O 03 Reference speed value after ramps [% n MAX]
O 04 Rotation speed filtered [% n MAX] A.0.2
O 05 Torque request [% C NOM MOT]
O 06 Internal value: status (MONITOR only)
O 07 Request to current loop for torque current [% I NOM AZ]
O 08 Request to current loop for flux current [% I NOM AZ]
O 09 Max voltage available [% VNOM MOT]
O 10 Internal value: alarms (MONITOR only)
O 11 Current module [% I NOM AZ] A.0.1
O 12 Motor sensor Zero Top [100%=180]
O 13 U phase current reading [% I MAX AZ]
O 14 Internal value: inputs (MONITOR only)
O 15 Torque component of current reading [% I NOM AZ]
O 16 Magnetizing component of current reading [% I NOM AZ]
O 17 U phase voltage duty-cycle
O 18 Stator voltage reference value module [% VNOM MOT]
O 19 Modulation index [0<->1]
O 20 Request Q axis voltage (Vq_rif) [% VNOM]
O 21 Delivered power [% PNOM]
O 22 Request D axis voltage (Vd_rif) [% VNOM]
O 23 Torque produced [% C NOM MOT]
O 24 DC bus voltage [100%=900V]
O 25 Radiator temperature
O 26 Motor temperature
O 27 Rotor flux [% NOM]
O 28 Motor thermal current [% alarm threshold A6]
O 29 Current limit [% I MAX AZ]
O 30 CW maximum torque [% C NOM MOT]
O 31 CCW maximum torque [% C NOM MOT]
O 32 Internal value: outputs (MONITOR only)
MW00001E00 V_4.3 97
O 33 Internal value: inputs_hw (MONITOR only)
O 34 V phase current reading [% I MAX AZ]
O 35 W phase current reading [% I MAX AZ]
O 36 Actual electrical position (alfa_fi ) [100%=180 ]
O 37 Analog input A.I.1
O 38 Analog input A.I.2
O 39 Analog input A.I.3
O 40 Positive speed reference limit [% n MAX]
O 41 Application speed reference value ("sysSpeedPercReference") [% n MAX]
O 42 Application torque reference value ("sysTorqueReference") [% C NOM MOT]
O 43 Application positive torque limit ("sysMaxTorque") [% C NOM MOT]
Frequency speed reference value from application ("sysSpeedRefPulses") [Pulses
O 44
per TPWM]
Overlapped space loop reference value from application
O 45
("sysPosRefPulses")[Pulses per TPWM]
O 46 Amplitude to the square of sine and cosine feedback signals [1=100%]
O 47 Sen_theta (Direct resolver and Sin/Cos Encoder) [Max amplitude = 200%]
O 48 Cos_ theta (Direct resolver and Sin/Cos Encoder) [Max amplitude = 200%]
O 49 Rotation speed not filtered [% n MAX]
O 50 Delta pulses read in PWM period in frequency input [Pulses per PWM]
O 51 Overlapped space loop memory lsw [Electrical pulses (x P67)
O 52 Overlapped space loop memory msw [Electrical turns (x P67)]
O 53 Incremental SIN theta Sin/Cos Encoder
O 54 Incremental COS theta Sin/Cos Encoder
O 55 Ended initial reset
O 56 PTM motor thermal probe
O 57 PTR radiator thermal probe
O 58 Pulses read by sensor
O 59 SENS2 Rotation speed not filtered
O 60 SENS2 Actual position
O 61 SENS2 Sin_theta
O 62 SENS2 Cos_theta
O 63 SYNC delay measured
O 64 Application negative torque limit (“sysMaxNegative Torque”) [%C NOM MOT]
O 65 Energy dissipated on breaking resistence [joule]
O 66 IGBT junction temperature [ %100°]
The output frequency is managed directly from the core, so the catalog application have the same
function of the standard application. You can refer to paragraph 3.2.3 pag. for the catalog application.
Incremental position loop, PID controller, stop in position and motor holding brake are features of the
standard application, so they are not present in the catalog application.
98 MW00001E00 V_4.3
MW00001E00 V_4.3 99
5 GENERIC PARAMETERS
5.1 KEYS
P60 and P99 are two parameter that if correctly set allow some reserved parameter (only at a
standstill). In particular:
• if the value of P60 is the same of the key is possible to modify the reserved parameters.
• if the value of P99 is the same of the key is possible to modify the TDE parameters.
Because the default parameters are standard to be different than those that are personalized, it
is correct that after the installation of each drive, there is an accurate copy of permanent
memory parameters to be in the position to reproduce them on an eventual drive exchange.
This function allows to switch over the internal sets of parameters and connections between two
distinct memory banks (drive must be switched off, no RUN).
To activate this function, it is necessary to use the logic input I16, configuring it on a logic input on both
banks. The connection C60 indicates the actual data bank in the permanent memory: C60=0 bank 0;
C60=1 bank 1. The commutation of the functions logic stage I16 brings an automatic variation of data
of C60 and a successive automatic reading of data from the permanent memory
Data bank 1
On the front of commutation of
I16 changes C60 and a reading
from EEPROM is required
For initial configuration of the input function I16, follow these steps:
1. Prepare in RAM, the data in bank 0, configuring input function I16 and holding it to a low logic
level (make sure C60=0).
2. Save to the permanent memory with C63=1.
3. Always keep I16=L, prepare in RAM the data from bank 1, configuring the same input to the
function I16.
4. Set C60=1 and save the data in the permanent memory with C63=1.
5. At this point, changing the state of logic input corresponding to function I16, the bank’s
commutation will have automatic reading
Starting from 12.10 revision when the drive goes out from TDE MACNO its data are stored into a
permanent memory like factory parameters and firmware revision also.
Subsequently it is possible to restore this data setting C62=2.
When this function is enabled the behavior depends on the actual firmware revision:
o If the current firmware revision is exactly the same of when the drive left TDE MACNO
(“FACTORY_FW_REV” available on Brushelss Parameters folder of OPDExplorer) all core
parameters and connections are reloaded, independently of keys status.
o If the current firmware revision is different the default core parameters and connections are
loaded except some particular parameters (P94, P100÷P120, P154÷P157, P167, P198,
P199, C22, C24, C45 and C98).
In every case all application parameters came back to their default values.
Profibus, Anybus, SinCos sensor table, Monitor configuration data came back to their default values.
If the factory data are invalid, alarm A1.1 appears and all default parameters are loaded.
The “DRV_F_PWM_MAX” is the maximum PWM frequency allowed with the functions enabled.
The Drive Ready condition (o.L.0=H) is given by alarms are not active and at the same time both the
software and hardware enables:
• The software enable, given by state of the connection C29, (C29=1 of default).
• The external enable (the function of the input is assigned to the default input L.I.2).
If an enable is missing or an alarm is active, the ready drive signal goes into an non-active state
o.L.0=L and this state remains until the causes that brought about the alarm conditions are removed
and the alarms are reset. An alarm reset can be achieved by activating the function “Alarm reset” that,
by default, is assigned to input L.1 (or setting C30=1).
Keep in mind that the “Alarm reset” is achieved by the active front of the signal, not on the active level.
When the drive is “Ready to switch on / RUN” o.L.0=H, motor may start running “Drive switch on/run”
o.L.3=H, by activating both the hardware and software switch on enables:
• Function “Logic switch on/RUN input” (default input 4 assigned) RUN=H.
• Software switch on/RUN C21 (C21=1) is active by default.
Switch on/RUN disable and enable (from STOP offline, to RUN online) is given by the logic of the
following table:
By default, the drive switch off instantaneously as soon as one of the switch on functions is disabled
(immediate shutdown); that may also cause an almost immediate rotation shutdown, if the motor is
loaded and the inertia is low, while coasting if the motor is without load and mechanical inertia is high.
Using the connection C28, it is possible to choose to switch off the drive only with motor at minimum
speed. With C28=1, 0=immediate switch off by default, when SWITCH ON/RUN function is disable, the
speed reference is brought to zero, thus the motor starts to slowdown following the ramp (the drive is
still switched on). The system is switched off /STOP (offline) only once the motor absolute speed goes
below the threshold set in P50 (2.0% default), that is when the motor is almost motionless (shutdown
for minimum speed).
Calibrating P50 may coincide the drive block with the motionless motor. The state of speed above the
minimum is signaled from the logical output function o.L.2, moreover the output function o.L.16 is
available, that signals the drive speed (absolute value) is above the threshold speed level P47.
In every way, whichever is the chosen type of shutdown, there is an immediate drive block in presence
of any alarm condition, oL.0 = L.
The OPEN drive converters have the possibility to give the separated IGBT supply. This supply voltage
can be see like safety STOP input and there are two different managements for this input, selectable
with C73 connection:
For OPEN DRIVE versions with Safe Torque Off safety function (STO) according to EN 61800-5-2
and EN 13849-1 see STO installation manual.
Setting C73=0 (default) the Safety STOP is compatible with EN945-1 specification against accidental
starts. When this input is at low logical level the IGBT power bridge isn’t supplied and the motor
couldn’t run more than 180°/motor poles couple for brushless motor (for asynchronous motors the
movement is zero), also if there is a brake in the power bridge.
The converter signals this state with the alarm A13.1, the output o17 “Power electronic not
supplied” goes at high level, the output o0 “Drive ready” goes at low level and the Power Soft start
command is taken off.
To recover the normal converter state, follow this steps:
• Give +24V to the IGBT driver supply input (Safety STOP). At this point the converter goes at
low level the output o17 “Power electronic not supplied”.
• Reset the converter alarms for eliminate the alarm A13.The normal converter state is
recovered.
• After P94 (STO_WAIT) ms the converter is able to start the Soft start sequence.
Setting C73=1 the Safety STOP is like a Power part enable input. Like in the preceding case,
when this input is at low logical level the IGBT power bridge isn’t supplied and the motor couldn’t run
more than 180°/motor poles couple for brushless motor (for asynchronous motors the movement is
zero), also if there is a brake in the power bridge.
The converter signals this state with the output o17 “Power electronic not supplied” that goes at
high level, the Power Soft start command is taken off, but unlike before no alarms goes at active state.
To recover the normal converter state, follow this steps:
• Give +24V to the IGBT driver supply input (Safety STOP). At this point the converter goes at
low level the output o17 “Power electronic not supplied”.
• After P94 (STO_WAIT) ms the converter is able to start the Soft start sequence.
In this case it isn’t necessary to reset the alarms after take back at high level the Safety STOP input, it
will be sufficient to wait P94 (STO_WAIT) ms + soft start time, after that the converter could be goes on
run.
With this function it’s possible to synchronize two or more OPDE at PWM level.
Parameter E87 is used to select the drive function:
1 Master= Every PWM period the third digital output (O3) is configured like PWM syncrhronization
output.
2 Slave= Eigth physical input (I08) is used to synchronize the drive.
In the slave there is a tracking loop with gain Kp (P11) e Ta (P12). It’s possible to set also the phase
between master and slave with parameter E88.
Note1: Master and slave have to be set with the same PWM frequency (P101).
Note2: If the PWM frequency is great than 5kHz is necessary to use a pull-down 1kΩ resistance 1W.
The drive has a range of functions that cut in if there is a fault in order to prevent damage to both the
drive and the motor. If a protection switch cuts in, the drive output is blocked and the motor coasts.
If one or more of the protection switches (alarms) cut in, they are signalled on the displays, which start
to flash and to show a cycle of all the alarms triggered (the 7-segment display shows the alarms that
have been set off in hexadecimal).
Should the drive malfunction or an alarm be triggered, check the possible causes and act accordingly.
If the causes cannot be traced or if parts are found to be faulty, contact TDE MACNO and provide a
detailed description of the problem and its circumstances.
The alarm indication are divide in 16 categories (A0÷A15) and for each alarm can be present code to
identify better the alarm (AXX.YY)
Motor does not turn An alarm has been triggered See following paragraph
Motor direction inverted Wrong Positive direction Invert positive speed rotation setting C76=1.
ALARM
DESCRIPTION CORRECTIVE ACTION
HEX DEC
If the motor has to work in limit for a long time, disable this
alarm set C82=0 or lengthen the limit time admitted increasing
Drive work in torque or current P186.
Motor
A.0.1.H A0.1 limit for a time equal to P186 The motor is in stall because it has not been given sufficient
in stall
seconds voltage boost at low frequencies: increase the parameter P172.
The start-up load is too high: reduce it or increase the rating of
motor and drive.
Loaded default EEPROM data related to a It’s possible to reset this alarm but keep attention: now all
A.1.0.H A1.0
parameters different core parameters have its default value.
EEPROM
A.1.3.H A1.3 Read and write Alarms A1.1 and A1.2 appears There are some problems with EEPROM.
failure
Connection C46 runs a range of Check the temperature reading in d26 and then check the
motor heat probes. If C46=1 or 2, motor. With a KTY84, if -273.15 appears the electrical
a PTC/NTC is being used and its connection towards the motor heat probe has been interrupted.
Ohm value (d41) has breached If the reading is correct and the motor is overheating, check that
the safety threshold (P95). If C46 the motor cooling circuit is intact. Check the fan, its power unit,
Motor
= 3 a digital input has been the vents, and the air inlet filters on the cabinet. Replace or
A.5.0.H A5.0 temperature too
configured to I23 logical input clean as necessary. Ensure that the ambient temperature
high
function and this input is in not around the motor is within the limits permitted by its technical
active state. If C46=4, a KTY84 is characteristics.
being used: the temperature
reading (d26) must be higher than
the maximum temperature (P91).
Run with
A.5.5.H A5.5 T.radiator too RUN with Trad>P119 Check the radiator temperature (d25)
high
Watchdog A LogicLab watchdog alarm on Check if the LogicLab slow task duration is greater than 500 ms
A.8.1.H A8.1
alarm LogicLab slow cycle appears and try to reduce this execution time
Fast task Try to reduce the LogicLab fast task execution time under
The logicLab fast task is too long
A.8.2.H A8.2 LogicLab too admitted limit.
in time
long Please refer to the specific documentation.
Hardware
board and Feedback option card and drive Check internal values d62 and d63 for the firmware and option
A.9.0.H A9.0
firmware are firmware incompatible card codes. There must be some irregularity.
incompatible
Sensor
A.9.1.H A9.1 Sensor not connected Check the connection towards the sensor.
presence
Overspeed
In a transient state, the speed reading has exceeded the
(more than 10 Overspeed: speed reading higher
A.9.2.H A9.2 permitted limit. Adjust the speed regulator gains or raise the
consecutive than threshold set in P51.
limit in P51.
Tpwm)
Loose speed Too big error between speed In a transient state the speed read was different more than P56
A.9.6.H A.9.6
control reference and actual speed from reference and also with different sign.
Intermediate drive circuit voltage The safety switch cuts in mainly due to excessively short
(DC Bus see d24) has exceeded braking times. The best solution is to lengthen the braking
A.b.1.H A11.1 HW detection times.
the maximum analog thresold
value.
An overvoltage in the mains may also trigger the safety switch.
Intermediate drive circuit voltage
A.b.2.H A11.2 SW detection (DC Bus see d24) has exceeded
the maximum value (P107). If the drive is fitted with a braking circuit, check that the
resistance value is not too high to absorb the peak power.
HW + SW
A.b.3.H A11.3 A11.0 and A11.1 appears If the resistor is not too hot, check the resistor and connection
detection
continuity and ensure that the circuit functions correctly.
A.C.0.H A12.0 Software alarm C29 different from 1 Check and enable connection C29 “Drive software enable”
Excessive
It was detect a big variation on Verify if all three main phases are present on connector R,S,T
A.d.2.H A.13.2 Ripple on DC
DC bus and their rms value.
Bus
Wrong number
Motor/sensor parameters being Number of motor poles (P67) set incorrectly or more sensor
A.F.0.H A15.0 of Motor/Sensor
written poles (P68) than motor poles have been set.
poles
Alarms
Description Corrective action
Hex Dec
Undervoltage may occur when the mains transformer is not
powerful enough to sustain the loads or when powerful
motors are started up on the same line.
Minimum voltage of Power
A.10.0 A.A.0
circuit
Try to stabilise the line by taking appropriate measures. If
necessary, enable the BUS support function for mains failure
(C34=1). This however can only help motors with light loads.
Check the drive power circuit is intact by opening the
connections and enabling RUN; if the safety switch cuts in,
Overcurrent alarm detected by
A.10.5 A.A.5 replace the power. If the safety switch cuts in only during
Power board
operation, there may be a regulation problem (replace along
with current transducers) or vibrations causing transient D.C.
Communication alarm:
A.10.6 A.A.6 communication fault with With this alarm, contact TDE MACNO assistance.
Power board
Alarm due to Power board
A.10.7 A.A.7 With this alarm, contact TDE MACNO assistance.
fault (Micro’s watchdog)
Alarm due to wrong power
Check for overloads, even very short, the 24Vdc control
A.10.8 A.A.8 supply in the Power board
terminal.
(15V wrong)
Check the connection wires on the motor side, in particular
Overcurrent alarm for leakage on the terminals, in order to prevent leakages or short
A.10.9 A.A.9
currents to ground circuits. Check the motor insulation by testing the dielectric
strength, and replace if necessary.
A.10.10 A.A.A (Reserved)
Check for short circuits in the connections of the braking
resistors or resistor values lower than the minimum required.
A.10.11 A.A.B Brake fault alarm
Disconnect the connections of the braking resistor, if the
problem persists, contact TDE MACNO.
A.10.15 A.A.F Power board generic alarm With this alarm, contact TDE MACNO assistance.
These alarms take the form of sub-alarms of alarm A.10, to indicate that they all depend on the Power
board.
The alarms switched on during the normal drive running are saved into the not volatile memory. This
alarm history contains all the alarm events happens during drive’s life and it’s very useful when drive
needs a check up after a fault or a malfunction.
These info are available only by supervisor OPDExplorer (click in “Alarms” section). In a typical case it
shows:
In the “Real time alarm state” are indicated the actual active alarms and, if they’re present, the “Drive
status” moves to “Alarm” and lights on in yellow. Every alarm has a description that help to know the
cause of it.
Clicking in “Disable” the corresponding alarm is hide and it never switch on again; pay attention that
disable an alarm doesn’t mean that its cause is fixed.
Every time the drive goes in alarm status the event is reported and saved in the alarms history with its
description and the hour of working in which the alarm signal is switch on. There is the possibility to
load a trace in the "Real-time graph" in order to plot the main tracks behaviour in the moment of alarm
activation. To load these traces move to "Real-time graph", press the "Read Config" icon, back in
"Alarms" and click in "Load trace"; now in "Real-time graph" click "download".
The keypad has three buttons, “●” (S selection), “▼” (- decrease), “▲“ (+ increase) and a four numbers and half
display, with the decimal points and the sign “-“.
OPDE MINIOPDE
The converter is a full digital, then other hardware settings are not necessary, if not made in factory,
and the setups, settings and visualizations, all digital, they go effect through the keypad and the
display, or by serial line or by fieldbus. For easy access of formulations and mnemonics all the
accessible greatnesses have been grouped in the following menu:
• Parameters (PAR)
• Application Parameters (APP)
• Connections (CON)
• Internal values (INT)
• Allarms (ALL)
• Digital Input (INP)
• Digital Output (OUT)
• Utilities Commands (UTL)
• Fieldbus commands (FLB)
• USB port commands (USB)
In each group the variables are arranged in progressive order and only those that are actually used are
displayed.
They are definite parameters of variables of setting whose numerical value has an absolute meaning
(for example: P63 = nominal frequency motor = 50 Hz) or they are of proportional value to the limit
range (for example: P61 = motor nominal current = 100 % of the drive nominal current). They are
distinguished in free parameters, some modifiable always (Online), other only to converter not in run
(offline), reserved, modifiable only offline and after access code to the reserved parameters (P60), or
reserved for the TDE MACNO, visible after having written the access code TDE MACNO parameters
(P99) and modifiable only offline. The characteristics of each parameter are recognizable from the
code of identification as below:
For their definition refer to the description of the parameters. They are distinguished in free parameters,
some modifiable always (Online), other only to converter not in run (offline), reserved, modifiable only
offline and after access code to the reserved parameters (P60). The characteristics of each parameter
are recognizable from the code of identification as below:
They are certain connections that variables approach that are of numerical value comes connected to a
function or a clear command {for example: rounded ramp insertion C27= 1; or no rounded ramp, C27=
0; or save parameters on EEPROM memory, C63= 1}. They are in free connections, some of the like
modifiable always (Online), other with converter in stop (offline) and reserved, modifiable only offline
and after access code to the reserved parameters (P60), or reserved for the TDE MACNO, visible after
having written the access code TDE MACNO parameters (P99) and modifiable only offline.
The characteristics of each connection are individually recognizable of identification code as under
report.
Overall functions of protection of the converter, of the motor or in the application whose status to active
alarm or non active alarm it may be visualized in the display. The actived protection, stops the
converter and does flash the display, excepted if it is disabled. With a single visualization is possible
have all the indications with the following:
Overall functions of protection of the converter, of the motor or in the application whose status to active
alarm or non active alarm it may be visualized in the display. The actived protection, stops the
converter and does flash the display, excepted if it is disabled. With a single visualization is possible
have all the indications with the following:
The alarms are all memorized and so they remain till that is not missing the cause of the alarm and
have been resetted (input of resetting alarms activate) or (C30 = 1).
The visualization between I00 and I31 is the status of the logical functions of sequence or protection
that is assigned in the all digital input of the regulation. From I29 to I31 is the visualization of the status
of the input from the power. Code of identification (input) logical input.
Visualization of the status, of the logical functions (for example: drive ready, converter in run)
scheduled in the control, that may or may not be assigned of predicted digital output. Code of
identification:
They are certain connections that variables approach that are of numerical value comes connected to a
function or a clear command. They are only in free connections. The characteristics of each connection
are individually recognizable of identification code as under report:
FLB menu refers to parameters related to Fieldbuses management that was previously accessible only
by OPDExplorer as they weren't associated to any “standard” parameter, connection or extra
parameter and so not accessible by keypad. Now they are grouped in this new menu, as lists in
following tables, and so they can be viewed and changed (if not read-only) by keypad.
Notice that all parameters in FLB menu are not protected by any key nor by run status so they can be
changed at any time. Code of identification:
Now is available a new version of the display/keypad board interface to the drive, in which the
programming key has been replaced with an USB port. About this, a new menu USB is been added
and it contains all the command that allows data exchange with a pen-drive. With this new functionality
is possible to save more than one parameter recipes, firmware and application files in the same pen-
drive. For more information look at the specific manual situated in our web site www.tdemacno.it in
Product/Download/Manuals/Automation/OPDE family. Code of identification:
It’s the status that the display assumes right after the lighting or when none is programming (P112
seconds, 10 of default, after the last movement, except that is not is visualizing an internal variables, or
an input, or a digital output). When the keypad is on idle state, if the converter isn’t running, the status
“STOP” is visualized; if the converter is running the internal values selected with C00 connection or the
status “run” is visualized. If the converter finds the status alarm, for intervention of one or more
protections, the written on the keypad start to flash and they come visualized all the active alarms (one
by one).
Leaving from the status of rest pressing the “S” key the principal menu is gone into of circular type that
contains the indication of the type of visualizable variables:
• PAR = Parameters
• APP = Application Parameters
• CON = Internal Connections
• INT = Internal values
• ALL= Alarm
• INP = Digital Input
• OUT = Digital Output
• UTL = Utilities commands
• FLB = Fieldbus Parameters
• USB = USB commands
To change from a list to another enough is necessary to use the “+” or “-” keys and the passage will
happen in the order of figure. Once select the list you pass on the relative sub-menu pressing “S”; the
reentry to the main menu from the following visualizations will be able future through the pressure of
the key “S” simple or double in brief succession (less in a second), like showed after. The return to the
status of rest comes instead automatically after 10 (P112) seconds of inactivity is from some sub-menu
that goes by the main menu.
From “PAR”, “APP” or “CON” you enter into the sub-menu list pressing “S”; once entered into the list is
able look through the parameters or the existing connections by pressing the keys “+” or “–” to move in
increase or in decrement; even in this case the list is circular. At the number corresponding to the
various parameters or connections appear the letter “r” if they are reserved, “t” if reserved in the TDE
MACNO and the letter “n” if it modification requires that the converter in not in run (offline); all the
reserved parameters are of type “n” modifiable only by stop (offline). If You pressed the key “S” comes
visualized the value of the parameter or of the connection that may be read; at this point repress “S”
once You return to the sub-menu list, press twice “S” in fast succession (less 1 seconds), return to the
main menu. The system returns automatically to the status of rest and after 10 seconds of have past
inactivity. To modify the value of the parameter or of connection once entered into visualization it
necessary press both keys “+” and “–”; in that moment it starts to flash the decimal point of the first
figure to the left warning that from that moment the movement of the keys and “+” modifies the value;
the change of value may only by stop if the parameter is of kind “n” and only after having set up the
code of access P60, if the parameter is of the kind “r”, only after having set up the code of P99 (access
for the reserved parameters TDE MACNO), kind “t”. The parameters and the reserved connections
TDE MACNO doesn’t appear in the list if doesn’t call the code of P99. Once the value is corrected you
press the key “S” return to the sub-menu list making operational the parameter or the corrected
connection; if after correct the value want go out without change the values wait 10 seconds; if the
value is no touched for the exit press again the “S” key (it is operative the same original value). About
parameters and connections, the return to the status of rest display is in automatically way after 10
seconds from any kind of visualization.
From “INT” you enter into the sub-menu list of internal values pressing “S”. In the list you are moving
with the keys “+” or “–” till that appearing address of dimensions wanted visualize “dxx”; pressing “S”
disappears the address and appear the value of the dimension. From this status you go back to sub-
menu list, repressing “S”, and go again to the main menu repressing “S” twice in fast succession; from
the menu and from the sub-menu. You return automatically to the status of rest after a time of 10
seconds.
From “ALL” you enter into of sub-menu list of the alarms pressing “S”. From the corresponding sub-
menu with the keys “+” and “–” move all addresses desired for the alarms; with this, in the box to the
right, appears the status of the alarm “H” if active, “L” if don’t. If the alarm has been disabled; in this
case too with the active status doesn’t appear any stop of the regulation, the address of the alarm is
preceded by the sign “–”.
To exclude the event of an alarm You must enter into the menu to modify both the keys “+” and
“–” and when the flashing point appears of the first number You can enable or disable the alarm
with the keys “+” or “–”; if the alarm is disabled appears the sign the “–” to the left of the
writing “A.XX.Y”.
From the status of modification returns to the list of sub-menu and You return operative the select
made pressing “S”, from the menu and from the submenu You turn automatically to the status of rest
after a time closed to 10 seconds.
From the “INP” or from the “OUT” you enter into corresponding list of sub-menu pressing “S”. From the
corresponding list of sub-menu with the keys “+” and “–” move to the address desired for the digital
input (i) and the output (o); together to this, in the box, appear the status: “H” if activate, “L” if not
active. From this status you returns to the main menu pressing “S”.
From “USB” you enter into corresponding list of sub-menu pressing “S”. At the access will be available
only “S.00=0” command, because USB port is normally disable and can’t interact with a pen-drive. In
order to enable USB port set S.00=1; now a pen-drive will be recognized and in the USB sub-menu all
the command will be available (S.01÷S.07). S.00 will come back to 0 (USB port disable) if a pen-drive
hasn’t been connected within 30 seconds.
Once entered into the list is able look through the commands by pressing the keys “+” or “–” to move in
increase or in decrement; even in this case the list is circular. If You press “S” key the value of the
command is visualized; at this point repress “S” once You return to the sub-menu list, press twice “S” in
fast succession (less 1 seconds), return to the main menu. The system returns automatically to the
status of rest and after 10 seconds of have past inactivity. To modify the value of the parameter or of
connection once entered into visualization it necessary press both keys “+” and “–”; in that moment it
starts to flash the decimal point of the first figure to the left warning that from that moment the
movement of the keys “+” and “-” modifies the value.
For more information look at the specific manual situated in our web site www.tdemacno.it in
Product/Download/Manuals/Automation/OPDE family.
The programming key I2C device allows to back up all the parameters of a drive (both Core and
Application parameters), in order to upload into others drives or the same if data have been
compromises. The data are stored in a EPROM type memory, so battery backup is not necessary. In
this device is possible to save only one parameters recipe at a time, so a second saving data leads
an overwriting of previous parameters; the switch put on the key upper front side allows to protect the
stored data against possible writing procedures.
FIG.21 (key)
Use method
FIG. 22
If the security switch is in "" position the command is stopped and the warning "Prot" is displayed
for 4s.
Otherwise all the parameters is transferred and the "runn" notice is displayed, then the message
"donE" will be shown for 2s as memorization confirm.
FIG.23
During the data transfer the message "runn" is displayed, then the "donE" notice will be shown for 2s
as memorization confirm.
If the programming key contains not compatible parameters with Core and Application firmware of the
drive the warning "n.CPt" will be displayed for 4s; instead, if they are invalid the warning "Err" will be
shown for 4s. Both this cases have as effect the load of the factory preset parameters.
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