STUDENT'S NAME:

Write 'TRUE' If the statement is true. Write 'FALSE' if it is false. If you write false, enter the word/s after the statement to
replace the italicized word(s) and make the statement true. (2 points each)

I. Modified True or False

_____1. Civil Affairs is the CMO pillar that conducts information-related activities directed at the general public to ensure
clear, accurate, and timely dissemination of information.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____2. Public Affairs at the intellectual level explain the AFP concept for employing forces and applying resources to
accomplish the mission.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____3. CMO supplements intelligence efforts at the operational and tactical level.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____4. Conflict which is defined as a socio-military struggle short of prolonged conventional armed action between
organized parties within a nation or between states, is often protracted and usually confined to a geographic region but may
have regional or global implications.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____5. In the Philippine setting, the AFP has been playing an active part, as mandated by the series of Philippine
Constitutions for the past five decades, in facilitating the economic as well as the social well-being of the nation.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____6. When war is imminent, CMO shifts emphasis to preparing the population for introduction of AFP forces.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____7. In times of peace, armed forces are engaged mainly in training and capability building while maintaining a strong
defense posture to pre-empt foreign incursions and foreign military adventurism.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____8. After a war or conflict, CMO facilitates the transition of power back to the AFP within the area of operations.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____9. The mandate of CMO does not necessitate dealing with various stakeholders.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____10. The term utopia, declared and undeclared, is defined as sustained armed conflict between nations or organized
parties within a nation.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____11. Prior to armed hostilities during a wartime situation, the objective of CMO is to support other government
agencies in the overall effort to prevent war and assist in the resolution of conflict without resorting to military force.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____12. The CMO planning process begins with the receipt of the conventional plan (CONPLAN) issued from a higher unit
or developed during an ongoing mission.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____13. Civic Action (CIVAC) is a component of Information Support Affairs (ISA) that conducts sociological and/or
developmental activities together with stakeholders in order to gain popular support.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____14. As an integral part of the AFP triad, CMO aims to help the nation by creating and upholding a peaceful
environment that is conducive for sustainable development.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____15. The AFP Development Support and Security Plan “Bayanihan”, adopting the Development-Governance-Security
Framework as its Strategic Approach, shall guide the AFP in performing its expanded role in sustaining internal stability by
ensuring that all military operations/activities are harmonized with and support the government’s reform programs to
ensure good governance, sustainable development, social justice, and human security.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

II. Identification

Identify the correct answer(s) to each of the given questions/ statements. (2 points each)

1) It is defined as planned activities undertaken independently or in coordination with civilian entities to gain popular
support in favour of the AFP, weaken the adversary’s will to fight, and influence threat groups to abandon armed struggle in
support of the accomplishment of the AFP mission. It is the most effective tool in humanizing the image of the AFP.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

2-4) These are known as the AFP triad and are conducted alongside each other during wartime.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________
5-6) These are the two major CMO units of the AFP.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

7) It is a component of Civil Affairs that promotes cooperation and collaboration between the military and civilian
authorities.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

8) This principle of AFP Operations refers to the movement of forces in relation to the enemy to gain positional advantage.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

9-11) These are the three basic principles of Stakeholders Engagement.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

12) During the CMO Planning Process, this is carried out to provide understanding on the operations environment. It
identifies conditions in the area that could help identify probable target audience and determine possible courses of action.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

13-14) These are the two Information Environment (IE) that CMO practitioners must know and learn to operate at.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

15-17) These are collectively known as the tri-media and are already deemed as old channels of communication.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

18) This principle of AFP Operations calls for the maintenance of the legality, morality, or rightness of military actions based
on the perception of a specific audience.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

19) In the CMO Planning Process, it is designed to provide a detailed presentation and analysis of the CMO aspect of a
military operation.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

20) It is a component of Public Affairs that establishes and maintains constructive relationships with local communities to
promote the AFP goals and objectives.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________
III. Essay

Write formal essays legibly, avoiding word abbreviations, contractions or symbols (e.g., Phil for Philippines, don’t for do not,
& for and, or numerals unless they are quantitative values). To earn a higher point, the student should provide answers
that are comprehensive and correct. Sweeping generalizations will just merit a low point. If a question consists of several
sub-questions, answer all (one after the other but integrated as one). (15 points each)

1. The AFP recognizes the critical role of the communities in armed conflicts as they are the most affected by it. The people
in the community are the foremost victims of the armed conflict, but they also play very significant roles in contributing to
the prevention and resolution of the conflict. In view of this, how would you execute CMO during the rehabilitation of
Marawi?

In May 23, 2017, the whole country was shocked by the widespread well-planned terrorist attack in Marawi led by
the Maute extremist group. Despite the catastrophic armed conflict that lasted for five months, there is no doubt that the
battle of Marawi is the best situation for the conduct of Civil-Military Operations best practices of the AFP, particularly, in
Public Affairs. The different media companies that focused on the events in Marawi have been the catalysts to public
awareness of the CMO of the AFP and different government agencies. The collaboration of the media, the stakeholders, the
government agencies, and the military on the disaster response operation has garnered national and international support
and acclaims.

To rehabilitate the Marawi after the tragic crisis, I would implement CMO that focuses on the Community Relations
where we could establish and maintain a working relationship between the military and the communities through active
participation in community affairs. This is an important aspect of Public Affairs as one of the fundamental pillars of CMO. We
could implement civil affairs by extending humanitarian assistance, community redevelopment, and other support activities
to the affected communities. We will also coordinate with different government agencies at the Lanao del Sur, particularly
with the Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office, Bureau of Fire Protection, Philippine National Police
Scene of the Crime Operatives, Philippine Army, and the Joint Task Groups in order to conduct a smooth rescue, relief and
retrieval operations. The operations will include giving out of relief goods, supporting the conduct of the dislocated civilians
operations, and giving psycho-social care for victims. With the coordination of the AFP, government agencies, local and
international non-government organizations, civilians, and other supporters, the rehabilitation of Marawi will be achieved
faster.

I will also address to the one of the gaps in Civil Affairs that should have been addressed before the Marawi Crisis
which is the public awareness and involvement of the AFP in the urban community. The Maute group has evidently prepared
for the siege by planning out routes and hoarding weapons and ammunitions, and recruiting several people in their group.
This could have been avoided if the local people supported and coordinated with the AFP units to conduct pre-emptive
measures against conspicuous activities. In the same token, the AFP could have garnered support from the people if Civil
Affairs was intensified not only in the rural areas but also in the urban areas. The PNP intelligence and local government
units should have coordinated as well with the AFP. Hence, in order to avoid making the same mistake, I would create
programs and activities that would proactively encourage the engagement of the community in the programs of the AFP.

I will also prioritize the rehabilitation of the displaced families and the re-establishment of the once-bustling center
of trade and commerce. This is in order for the people to eventually get back on their feet and gradually go back to their
status quo prior to the Marawi siege. Sources cited that the rehabilitation was very slow because the military has not yet
fully cleared the area from unexploded ordnance, including 500-pound bombers dropped by the FA-50 fighter trainer jets of
the Philippine Air Force. The rehabilitation work was further marred with political clashes when President Duterte said that
Marawi residents do not need continuous funding from the national government, and followed by the failure of
stakeholders of Marawi to win a seat in the Congress. Although the AFP and other government agencies are focusing on the
welfare of the Marawi community, they failed to address the most pressing need of the residents which is to return to their
own homes. This calls fora more intensified Public affairs between and among the AFP, the government and the community.

We cannot blame the Marawi people from being aloof with the military because of their experiences in the previous
martial law under Marcos regime. This is now the challenge for the military and the government agencies to intensify civilian
affairs in order to regain the support and confidence of the people with the uniformed personnel. With a trusting
relationship with the civilians, stakeholders, and government authorities, the Marawi Crisis will be far from being repeated.

2. By utilizing the three pillars of CMO simultaneously, how would you address the existing drug issue that our country is
currently facing?

2. By utilizing the three pillars of CMO simultaneously, how would you address the existing drug issue that our country is
currently facing?

Illicit drug production, trafficking, and use remain a matter of shared concern as they hinder development and pose a threat
to security among countries across the globe. Their profound and devastating effects know no boundary in terms of
ethnicity, religion, geographic location, political affiliation, educational background and socio-economic status.

The drug issue in the Philippines is going rampant that our President Rodrigo Roa Dutere prioritized the concerns on the
matter that it needed to be eradicated. Being conjoined with the Philippine National Police in fighting illegal drug issue in the
country, the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) can utilize assist with this war by effectively implementing the three
pillars of Civil-Military Operations.

As to the conduct of the Civil Affairs, we could engage different sectors since the drug issue knows no bounds. We should
likewise conduct inter-agency coordination to gain support in combating the issue. One way of implementing civil affairs is
by conducting Medical Caravan which include drug awareness and prevention, free consultation, and psychological
counseling. We could also conduct barangay symposium and youth leadership summit inviting the Philippine National Police
to conduct information drive on drug abuse, awareness and prevention.

As to the conduct of the Public Affairs, we could broadcast through different media platforms regarding the ill effects of
illegal drugs and the corresponding penalties under our laws for the use and possession of such drugs. We could also engage
and reach out to target people through social media by creating platforms that would disseminate useful information and
hotlines for those who need immediate help or assistance.

As to the conduct of Psychological Operation, we could craft and propagate leaflets about drug awareness, we could also
post on billboards and put tarpaulins about the ill effects of drug abuse in public places. We could also invite a former drug
dependent to tell his story live in media about his experience with regards to drug abuse and how he combat it so that
people who are victims of drug abuse and dependence, especially the youth, would be given a direction and way back to the
normal life.

The most important factor for the success of the CMO in the drug issue is a good inter-agency relationship because we,
alone, cannot defeat an inconspicuous enemy that affects the whole country. Constant and open communication with the
government authorities, local communities, stakeholders, and other significant entities is the very significant and basic
aspect for a successful CMO.