Scribd
Upload
53 views4 pages

Numeracy Development Sem 1

This was our printed document about numeracy development in completion with the history of mathematics in second semester.

Uploaded by

Maegan Jane Gabitanan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
53 views4 pages

Numeracy Development Sem 1

This was our printed document about numeracy development in completion with the history of mathematics in second semester.

Uploaded by

Maegan Jane Gabitanan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Mary Ireene Joy DC.

Liwag

Kristine Joy Rivera

BSE-1A

NUMERACY

Today’s Number—also called Hindu- Arabic numbers.

- combination of just 10 symbols or digits (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0)


- Introduced in Europe within the XII century by Leonardo Pisano (aka Fibonacci). An Italian
mathematician and educated and carried Hindu-Arabic numerals to Italy.

Hindu numeral system—is a pure place-value system. Only the Hindus , within the context of Indo-
European civilisations, have consistently used zero.

NUMERALS FROM INDIA TO EUROPE

The discovery of zero and the place-value system were inventions unique to the Indian civilizations.
As the Brahmi Notation of the first 9 whole numbers.

Brahmi Numeral System’s –it is the ancestor of the other numeral systems.
-- Brahmi numerals system’s numeric symbols were found as the first written documents on Ashoka
pillar at Lumbini, Niglihawa of Nepal and Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar of India.

Middle East today used numeral set that is a cousin of the modern numeral set with a common ancestor
in the ancient Hindu numerals.

Eastern Arabic numerals (also called Arabic–Indic numerals) are specific numerals currently used to
represent the Hindu–Arabic numeral system in conjunction with the Arabic alphabet in the countries of
the Arab east, and its variant (Persian numerals) in other countries.

First Western use of the digits--without the zero,

--- reported in the 5th Century by Beothius ,a Roman writer that explains in his
one of his geometry books, how to operate the abacus using marked small cones instead of pebbles.
Those cones, upon each of which was drawn the symbol of one of the nine Hindu-Arabic digits, were
called apices. Early representations of digits in Europe were called “apices”.

Each apex received also an individual name:

Igin for 1, Andras for 2, Ormis for 3, Arbas for 4, Quimas (or Quisnas) for 5 , Caltis (or Calctis) for
6, Zenis (or Tenis) for 7, Temenisa for 8, and Celentis (or Scelentis) for 9. The etymology of these names
remains unclear, though some of them were clearly Arab numbers.
Before adopting the Hindu-Arabic numeral system, people used the Roman figures instead, which
actually are a legacy of the Etruscan period. The Roman numeration is based on a biquinary (5) system.

The graphical origin of the Roman numbers


DISCOVERY OF ZERO

o Though humans have always understood the concept of nothing or having nothing, the concept
of zero is relatively new.
o Zero was invented independently by the Babylonians, Mayans, and Indians.
o Many mathematicians of different era has suggested for symbolizing “NOTHING”. Then they
introduced the symbol “0” for symbolizing nothing, to the world and made complicated things
easilier.
o Indians texts used a Sanskrit word shunye or shunya to refers to the concept of void/ nil
value(empty list) . in Mathematics texts this word often refers to number zero.
o Even now people are not sure whether zero was discovered by Aryabhatta (developed place-
value notation 5th century) or Brahmagupta (introduced symbol for zero), an Indian
Mathematician.

ORIGIN OF NUMBERS

The numbers we write are made up of algorithms, (1,2,3,4,etc..)


called arabic algorithms, to distinguish them from the roman
algorithms(I,II, III, IV; etc..)

Arabic algorithms—Arabs popularise these algorithms, but their


origin goes back to the phenecian merchants that used them to
count and do their commercial contability.

--- the logic that exist in the Arabic algorithms is there are angles
in their primitive form.

You might also like