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Drilling Fluid Types and Additives PDF

The document discusses drilling mud additives and their functions such as removing cuttings, cooling and lubricating bits, controlling formation pressure, and transmitting power. It provides examples of additives like barite, bentonite, and polymers. It also summarizes the types of drilling muds - water based and oil based. Water based muds are cheaper and more environmentally friendly while oil based muds are better for high temperatures and sensitive formations but cost more and pose greater environmental risks.

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278 views2 pages

Drilling Fluid Types and Additives PDF

The document discusses drilling mud additives and their functions such as removing cuttings, cooling and lubricating bits, controlling formation pressure, and transmitting power. It provides examples of additives like barite, bentonite, and polymers. It also summarizes the types of drilling muds - water based and oil based. Water based muds are cheaper and more environmentally friendly while oil based muds are better for high temperatures and sensitive formations but cost more and pose greater environmental risks.

Uploaded by

MJ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Drilling Mud additives

Drilling fluid function Additives Example of additives


Remove cutting from bottom hole 1-weghting materials 1-barite –galena
2-Viscosifiers 2-Bentonite-CMC-PAC
Cooling and lubrication the bit and drill 1-labracuting materials 1-oil(diesel ,animal oil)-
string asphalt -polymer
Control formation pressure 1-weghting materials 1-barite –galena-
hematite
Transmit hydraulic horsepower to the bit 1-Rheology Control Thinners(lignitic
Materials materials)-dispersants-
deflocculatns
Sealing of permeable formation 1-Rheology Control 1-thinners(lignitic
Materials materials)
2-filtration control 2-bentonite –CMC-PAC
materials

Drilling fluid types


1-Water based mud:
 Consist of:
1-water as continuous phase
2-bentonite and heavy minerals
Advantage of water based mud:
1. Low cost
2. simple configuration, treatment and maintenance
3. good protective effect of oil and gas layers
4. being more environmentally friendly than oil based mud
5. easy control of performance
Disadvantage of water based mud:
1. water based mud can swell and hydrate shale and water sensitive formations
2. not efficient at high temperatures
3. not as lubricant as oil based mud
4. large filtration loss and difficult to suspend barite
5. can promote corrosion
2-Oil based mud:
 Consist of:
1. oil as continuous phase
2. water as the discontinuous phase
3. wetting agents
Advantage of oil based mud:
1. it is good for drilling shale and other water sensitive formations, as clays do
not hydrate or swell in oil
2. provide high borehole wall stability
3. Useful in drilling high angle/horizontal wells because of their superior
lubricating (give thin filter cake) properties and low friction values between
the steel and formation which result in reduced torque and drag.
4. Oil base mud is good for high temperature environment.
5. Oil base mud provide corrosion control of pipes.
6. It is good for drilling salt because it is do not interfere with salt formations.
7. Provide high ROP(rate of pentation) and re-use (can be stored)
Disadvantage of oil based mud:
1. more cost-effective than water muds
2. Difficult to detect gas influx (kick) because the gas is soluble in oil.
3. Rubber parts of equipment is easily damaged by oil base.
4. High environmental concerns.
5. It is very hard to keep equipment clean during the drilling mud is oil based.

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