St. Joseph'S College of Engineering: Lab Record

You Choose, We Do it
St. JOSEPH’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Lab Record
GE6674-Communication Skills- Laboratory Based
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION
ENGINEERING
V SEMESTER
2018 - 2019
Name: ---------------------------------------
Year / Sem: 3/5 Branch: EIE
Roll No: ---------------- Reg.No: ---------------------

GE6674 Communication and Soft Skills- Laboratory Based 312316107119
INDEX
Name of the Lab Incharge: Reg No:

Year :
Sem :
S. Page
No Date Name of the Experiment No. Date of Marks Staff Sign
Submission
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2018-2019 2
GE 6674 COMMUNICATION SKILLS LABORATORY

(Fifth Semester)
(Common to all branches of B.E / B.Tech Programmes)

L T P C
0 0 4 2
Globalisation has brought in numerous opportunities for the teeming millions, with more
focus on the students’ overall capability apart from academic competence. Many students,
particularly those from non-English medium schools, find that they are not preferred due to their
inadequacy of communication skills and soft skills, despite possessing sound knowledge in their
subject area along with technical capability. Keeping in view their pre-employment needs and
career requirements, this course on Communication Skills Laboratory will prepare students to
adapt themselves with ease to the industry environment, thus rendering them as prospective
assets to industries. The course will equip the students with the necessary communication skills
that would go a long way in helping them in their profession.
Objectives:
 To equip students of engineering and technology with effective speaking and listening
skills in English.
 To help them develop their soft skills and interpersonal skills, which will make the
transition from college to workplace smoother and help them excel in their job.
 To enhance the performance of students at Placement Interviews, Group Discussions and
other recruitment exercises.
I. PC based session (Weightage 40%) 24 periods
A. English Language Lab (18 Periods)
1. Listening Comprehension: (6)

Listening and typing – Listening and sequencing of sentences – Filling in the blanks -Listening
and answering questions.
2. Reading Comprehension: (6)
Filling in the blanks - Close exercises – Vocabulary building - Reading and answering questions.
3. Speaking: (6)
Phonetics: Intonation – Ear training - Correct Pronunciation – Sound recognition exercises –
Common Errors in English.
Conversations: Face to Face Conversation – Telephone conversation – Role play activities
(Students take on roles and engage in conversation)
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B. Viewing and discussing audio-visual materials (6 periods)

(Samples are available to learn and practice)
1. Resume / Report Preparation / Letter Writing (1)
Structuring the resume / report - Letter writing / Email Communication - Samples.
2. Presentation skills: (1)
Elements of effective presentation – Structure of presentation - Presentation tools – Voice
Modulation – Audience analysis - Body language – Video samples
3. Soft Skills: (2)
Time management – Articulateness – Assertiveness – Psychometrics –
Innovation and Creativity - Stress Management & Poise - Video Samples
4. Group Discussion:
(1)
Why is GD part of selection process ? - Structure of GD – Moderator – led and other GDs -
Strategies in GD – Team work - Body Language - Mock GD -Video samples
5. Interview Skills: (1)

Kinds of interviews – Required Key Skills – Corporate culture – Mock interviews-Video
samples.
II. Practice Session (Weightage – 60%) 24 periods

1. Resume / Report Preparation / Letter writing: Students prepare their (2)
own resume and report.
2. Presentation Skills: Students make presentations on given topics. (8)
3. Group Discussion: Students participate in group discussions. (6)
4. Interview Skills: Students participate in Mock Interviews (8)
References:
1. Anderson, P.V, Technical Communication, Thomson Wadsworth , Sixth
Edition, New Delhi, 2007.
2. Prakash, P, Verbal and Non-Verbal Reasoning, Macmillan India Ltd., Second
Edition, New Delhi, 2004.
3. John Seely, The Oxford Guide to Writing and Speaking, Oxford University
Press, New Delhi, 2004.
4. Evans, D, Decisionmaker, Cambridge University Press, 1997.
5. Thorpe, E, and Thorpe, S, Objective English, Pearson Education,
Second Edition, New Delhi, 2007.
6. Turton, N.D and Heaton, J.B, Dictionary of Common Errors, Addision Wesley
Longman Ltd., Indian reprint 1998.
2018-2019 4
GE2321 COMMUNICATION SKILLS LABORATORY

B. CAREER LAB EXCERCISES
PLANNING
Cycle Exercise No weeks Topic
I 1 4 Presentation
(i) Technical Topic (2Nos)
(ii) General Topic (2Nos)
2 2 Resume Writing (With Covering Letter)

(i) Fresher
(ii) Experience
II 3 2 Interview Skills and Mock Interview

(i) Group Discussion
(ii) Role Play
(iii) Debate
(iv) Panel Discussion
4 2 Describing Charts andTables
5 1 (i) E-mail
(ii) SMS
(iii) Blog
(iv) Tweets
6 1
Analysis and Report Writing
Writing for Media on current events
2018-2019 5
Ex.No: 1(A) TECHNICAL TOPIC

FINGER-PRINT SCANNERS: Date:
INTRODUCTION:
Computerized fingerprint scanners have been a mainstay of spy thrillers
for decades, but up until recently, they were pretty exotic technology in the real
world. In the past few years, however, scanners have started popping up all over
the place -- in police stations, high-security buildings and even on pc keyboards.
You can pick up a personal USB fingerprint scanner for less than $100, and just
like that, your computer's guarded by high-tech biometrics. Instead of, or in
addition to, a password, you need your distinctive print to gain access.
FINGER-PRINT BASICS:
Fingerprints are one of those bizarre twists of nature. Human beings
happen to have built-in, easily accessible identity cards. You have a unique
design, which represents you alone, literally at your fingertips.People have tiny
ridges of skin on their fingers because this particular adaptation was extremely
advantageous to the ancestors of the human species. The pattern of ridges and
"valleys" on fingers make it easier for the hands to grip things, in the same way a
rubber tread pattern helps a tire grip the road.
The other function of fingerprints is a total coincidence. Like everything
in the human body, these ridges form through a combination of genetic and
environmental factors. The genetic code in DNA gives general orders on the way
skin should form in a developing fetus, but the specific way it forms is a result of
random events. The exact position of the fetus in the womb at a particular
moment and the exact composition and density of surrounding amniotic fluid
decides how every individual ridge will form.
So, in addition to the countless things that go into deciding your genetic
make-up in the first place, there are innumerable environmental factors
influencing the formation of the fingers. Just like the weather conditions that form
clouds or the coastline of a beach, the entire development process is so chaotic
that, in the entire course of human history, there is virtually no chance of the same
exact pattern forming twice.This is the basic idea of fingerprint analysis, in both
crime investigation and security. A fingerprint scanner's job is to take the place of
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a human analyst by collecting a print sample and comparing it to other samples

on record. In the next few sections, we'll find out how scanners do this.
OPTICAL SCANNER:
A fingerprint scanner system has two basic jobs -- it needs to get an
image of your finger, and it needs to determine whether the pattern of ridges and
valleys in this image matches the pattern of ridges and valleys in pre-scanned
images.
There are a number of different ways to get an image of somebody's
finger. The most common methods today are optical scanning and capacitance
scanning. Both types come up with the same sort of image, but they go about it in
completely different ways.
The heart of an optical scanner is a charge coupled device (CCD),
the same light sensor system used in digital cameras and camcorders. A CCD is
simply an array of light-sensitive diodes called photosites, which generate an
electrical signal in response to light photons. Each photosite records a pixel, a tiny
dot representing the light that hit that spot. Collectively, the light and dark pixels
form an image of the scanned scene (a finger, for example). Typically, an analog-
to-digital converter in the scanner system processes the analog electrical signal to
generate a digital representation of this image. See How Digital Cameras Work
for details on CCDs and digital conversion.
The scanning process starts when you place your finger on a glass
plate, and a CCD camera takes a picture. The scanner has its own light source,
typically an array of light-emitting diodes, to illuminate the ridges of the finger.
The CCD system actually generates an inverted image of the finger, with darker
areas representing more reflected light (the ridges of the finger) and lighter areas
representing less reflected light (the valleys between the ridges).
Before comparing the print to stored data, the scanner processor makes sure the
CCD has captured a clear image. It checks the average pixel darkness, or the
overall values in a small sample, and rejects the scan if the overall image is too
dark or too light. If the image is rejected, the scanner adjusts the exposure time to
let in more or less light, and then tries the scan again.If the darkness level is
adequate, the scanner system goes on to check the image definition (how sharp
the fingerprint scan is). The processor looks at several straight lines moving
horizontally and vertically across the image. If the fingerprint image has good
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definition, a line running perpendicular to the ridges will be made up of

alternating sections of very dark pixels and very light pixels.If the processor finds
that the image is crisp and properly exposed, it proceeds to comparing the
captured fingerprint with fingerprints on file. We'll look at this process in a
minute, but first we'll examine the other major scanning technology, the
capacitive scanner.
Ex.No: 1(B) TECHNICAL TOPIC Date:
HOLOGRAPHY:
INTRODUCTION:
Holography is the science and practice of making holograms.
Typically, a hologram is a photographic recording of a light field, rather than of an
image formed by a lens, and it is used to display a fully three-dimensional image of
the holographed subject, which is seen without the aid of special glasses or other
intermediate optics. The hologram itself is not an image and it is usually
unintelligible when viewed under diffuse ambient light. It is an encoding of the
light field as an interference pattern of seemingly random variations in the opacity,
density, or surface profile of the photographic medium. When suitably lit, the
interference pattern diffracts the light into a reproduction of the original light field
and the objects that were in it appear to still be there, exhibiting visual depth cues
such as parallax and perspective that change realistically with any change in the
relative position of the observer.
WORKING:
Holography is a technique that enables a light field, which
is generally the product of a light source scattered off objects, to be recorded and
later reconstructed when the original light field is no longer present, due to the
absence of the original objects.[24] Holography can be thought of as somewhat
similar to sound recording, whereby a sound field created by vibrating matter like
musical instruments or vocal cords, is encoded in such a way that it can be
reproduced later, without the presence of the original vibrating matter.
PROCESS:
When the two laser beams reach the recording medium, their
light waves intersect and interfere with each other. It is this interference pattern
that is imprinted on the recording medium. The pattern itself is seemingly random,
2018-2019 8
as it represents the way in which the scene's light interfered with the original light
source — but not the original light source itself. The interference pattern can be
considered an encoded version of the scene, requiring a particular key — the
original light source — in order to view its contents.
This missing key is provided later by shining a laser, identical
to the one used to record the hologram, onto the developed film. When this beam
illuminates the hologram, it is diffracted by the hologram's surface pattern. This
produces a light field identical to the one originally produced by the scene and
scattered onto the hologram.
RECORDING THE HOLOGRAM:
To make a hologram, the following are required:
1)a suitable object or set of objects
2)a suitable laser beam
The part of the laser beam to be directed so that it illuminates the
object (the object beam) and another part so that it illuminates the recording
medium directly (the reference beam), enabling the reference beam and the light
which is scattered from the object onto the recording medium to form an
interference pattern.
A recording medium which converts this interference pattern into an
optical element which modifies either the amplitude or the phase of an incident
light beam according to the intensity of the interference pattern.
An environment which provides sufficient mechanical and thermal
stability that the interference pattern is stable during the time in which the
interference pattern is recorded.
Ex.No: 2 (A) GENERAL TOPICS Date:
SCULPTURES:
Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three
dimensions. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sculptural processes originally
used carving and modelling in stone, metal, ceramics, wood and other materials
but, since modernism, shifts in sculptural process led to an almost complete
freedom of materials and process. A wide variety of materials may be worked by
removal such as carving, assembled by welding or modelling, or molded, or cast.
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Sculpture in stone survives far better than works of art in perishable

materials, and often represents the majority of the surviving works from ancient
cultures, though conversely traditions of sculpture in wood may have vanished
almost entirely. However, most ancient sculpture was brightly painted, and this has
been lost.
MATERIALS USED:
Sculpture has been central in religious devotion in many cultures,
and until recent centuries large sculptures, too expensive for private individuals to
create, were usually an expression of religion or politics. Those cultures whose
sculptures have survived in quantities include the cultures of the Ancient
Mediterranean, India and China, as well as many in South America and Africa.
The materials used in sculpture are diverse, changing throughout history. The
classic materials, with outstanding durability, are metal, especially bronze, stone
and pottery, with wood, bone and antler less durable but cheaper options. Precious
materials such as gold, silver, jade, and ivory are often used for small luxury
works, and sometimes in larger ones, as in chryselephantine statues. More common
and less expensive materials were used for sculpture for wider consumption,
including hardwoods; terracotta and other ceramics, wax , and cast metals such as
pewter and zinc.
ANTI-SCULPTURE MOVEMENTS:
Aniconism remained restricted to Judaism, which did not accept
figurative sculpture until the 19th century, Zoroastrian and some other religions,
before expanding to Early Buddhism and Early Christianity, neither of which
initially accepted large sculptures. In both Christianity and Buddhism these early
views were later reversed, and sculpture became very significant, especially in
Buddhism. Christian Eastern Orthodoxy has never accepted monumental sculpture,
and Islam has consistently rejected nearly all figurative sculpture, except for very
small figures in reliefs and some animal figures that fulfill a useful function, like
the famous lions supporting a fountain in the Alhambra. Many forms of
Protestantism also do not approve of religious sculpture. There has been much
iconoclasm of sculpture from religious motives, from the Early Christians, the
Beeldenstorm of the Protestant Reformation to the 2001 destruction of the Buddhas
of Bamyan by the Taliban.
MODERNISATION:
In the early days of the 20th century, Pablo Picasso
revolutionized the art of sculpture when he began creating his constructions
fashioned by combining disparate objects and materials into one constructed piece
of sculpture; the sculptural equivalent of the collage in two-dimensional art. The
advent of Surrealism led to things occasionally being described as "sculpture" that
would not have been so previously, such as "involuntary sculpture" in several
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senses, including coulage. In later years Picasso became a prolific potter, leading,
with interest in historic pottery from around the world, to a revival of ceramic art,
with figures such as George E. Ohr and subsequently Peter Voulkos, Kenneth
Price, and Robert Arneson. Marcel Duchamp originated the use of the "found
object or readymade with pieces such as Fountain .Similarly, the work of
Constantin Brâncuși at the beginning of the century paved the way for later
abstract sculpture. In revolt against the naturalism of Rodin and his late-19th-
century contemporaries, Brâncuși distilled subjects down to their essences as
illustrated by the elegantly refined forms of his Bird in Space series.
Ex.No: 2(B) GENERAL TOPIC Date:
PICASSO PAINTINGS:
Pablo Ruiz y Picasso, also known as Pablo Picasso, was a
Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, stage designer, poet and
playwright who spent most of his adult life in France. As one of the greatest and
most influential artists of the 20th century, he is known for co-founding the Cubist
movement, the invention of constructed sculpture, the co-invention of collage, and
for the wide variety of styles that he helped develop and explore. Among his most
famous works are the proto-Cubist Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907), and
Guernica (1937), a portrayal of the Bombing of Guernica by the German and
Italian airforces at the behest of the Spanish nationalist government during the
Spanish Civil War.
EARLY LIFE:
Picasso, Henri Matisse and Marcel Duchamp are regarded as the three
artists who most defined the revolutionary developments in the plastic arts in the
opening decades of the 20th century, responsible for significant developments in
painting, sculpture, printmaking and ceramics.
Picasso was baptized Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno
María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso, a series
of names honoring various saints and relatives.Ruiz y Picasso were included for his
father and mother, respectively, as per Spanish law. Born in the city of Málaga in
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the Andalusian region of Spain, he was the first child of Don José Ruiz y Blasco
(1838–1913) and María Picasso y López.Though baptized a Catholic, Picasso
would later on become an atheist.Picasso's family was of middle-class background.
His father was a painter who specialized in naturalistic depictions of birds and
other game. For most of his life Ruiz was a professor of art at the School of Crafts
and a curator of a local museum. Ruiz's ancestors were minor aristocrats.
Picasso showed a passion and a skill for drawing from an early age. According to
his mother, his first words were "piz, piz", a shortening of lápiz, the Spanish word
for "pencil". From the age of seven, Picasso received formal artistic training from
his father in figure drawing and oil painting. Ruiz was a traditional academic artist
and instructor, who believed that proper training required disciplined copying of
the masters, and drawing the human body from plaster casts and live models. His
son became preoccupied with art to the detriment of his classwork.
MODERN ART TRANSFORMATION:
Between 1915 and 1917, Picasso began a series of paintings depicting highly
geometric and minimalist Cubist objects, consisting of either a pipe, a guitar or a
glass, with an occasional element of collage. "Hard-edged square-cut diamonds",
notes art historian John Richardson, "these gems do not always have upside or
downside". "We need a new name to designate them," wrote Picasso to Gertrude
Stein: Maurice Raynal suggested "Crystal Cubism". These "little gems" may have
been produced by Picasso in response to critics who had claimed his defection
from the movement, through his experimentation with classicism within the so-
called return to order following the war.
LAST WORK:
Picasso's final works were a mixture of styles, his means of
expression in constant flux until the end of his life. Devoting his full energies to his
work, Picasso became more daring, his works more colorful and expressive, and
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from 1968 to 1971 he produced a torrent of paintings and hundreds of copperplate

etchings. At the time these works were dismissed by most as pornographic
fantasies of an impotent old man or the slapdash works of an artist who was past
his prime. Only later, after Picasso's death, when the rest of the art world had
moved on from abstract expressionism, did the critical community come to see that
Picasso had already discovered Neo-Expressionism and was, as so often before,
ahead of his time.
DEATH:
Pablo Picasso died on 8 April 1973 in Mougins, France, while he and his wife
Jacqueline entertained friends for dinner. He was interred at the Chateau of
Vauvenargues near Aix-en-Provence, a property he had acquired in 1958 and
occupied with Jacqueline between 1959 and 1962. Jacqueline Roque prevented his
children Claude and Paloma from attending the funeral.[51] Devastated and lonely
after the death of Picasso, Jacqueline Roque killed herself by gunshot in 1986
when she was 59 years old.
RESUME WRITING Date:
Ex.No: 3(A) FRESHERS RESUME WITH COVERING LETTER
5 th, April 2018.

From
U.PraveenKumaran,
B6/2,TNPHC Quarters,
North Raja Street, Alandur,
Chennai-600016.
2018-2019 13
To
The Human Resource Manager,
RANBAXY,India,
111, Pune road,
Chennai-600111
Respected sir,
SUB:Application for the post of Assistant Control Engineer
With reference to your advertisement in “THE HINDU” dated on 25 th March 2018, I apply for the
post of Assistant Control Engineer. I consider as the best opportunity given to me to work in your
esteemed company. I have attached my resume with this letter. I assure you that I will give my best for the
betterment of the company. I am looking forward to hearing from you. Hoping for a positive reply.
Thanking you,
Yours Sincerely,
U.PraveenKumaran.
Dev Sharma
Email ID- [email protected] Contact No. +91-7010902238
Career Objective- To work for an organization which provides me the opportunity to improve my
skills and knowledge to growth along with the organization objective.
Profile Summary-
- An enthusiastic fresher with highly motivated and leadership skills having bachelors of
engineering degree in
Mechanical Engineering.
- Expert in implementation of each step of project.
- Eager to learn new technologies and methodologies.
- Always willing to innovate the new things which can improve the existing technology.
Personality Traits-
- Highly motivated and eager to learn new things.
- Strong motivational and leadership skills.
- Ability to produce best result in pressure situation.
- Excellent communication skills in written and verbal both.
- Ability to work as individual as well as in group.
Academia-
- Bachelor of engineering from ASD institute of Technology with 75%
- Diploma in Mechanical Engineering from AKL Institute with 73%
Technical Qualification-
- 2D Drafting Package : AutoCAD.
- 3D Drafting Package : Solid Edge
- Analysis Package : Femap
2018-2019 14
- Internet Savvy
Project-
Leaf spring by using Natural fibres
Duration -3 month
Description- In this project we use natural fibres for using as leaf spring and it is cost effective
production.
Achievements-
- FOUR suggestion certificates issued by TVS for my best suggestions.
- “SAE INDIA MEMBER” and attended one day workshop conducted by SAEINDIA
- Participated in International Conference on Emerging Trends in Energy and Environment.
- Completed training on Basic Life Support and First Aid Skills
- Completed training on Basic Fire Safety and Emergency Preparedness.
Extra-Curricular Activities-
- Participated in Robotics Championship in SDF University.
- Actively participated in program of ASD NGO.
- Reading Books
Personal Details-
- Languages Known-Tamil, English.
- DOB- 06/04/1998.
- Address- B6/2,North raja street, Alandur,Chennai-600016.
Ex.No: 3(B) Date:
EXPERIENCE RESUME WITH COVERING LETTER
From
U.PraveenKumaran,
B6/2,TNPHC Quarters,
North Raja Street,Alandur,
Chennai-600016.
2018-2019 15
To
The Human Resource Manager,
RANBAXY, India,
111, Pune road,
Chennai-600111
Respected sir,
SUB: Application for the post of Senior Control Engineer
With reference to your advertisement in “THE HINDU” dated on 25 th March 2018, I

apply for the post of Senior Control Engineer. I consider as the best opportunity given to me to
work in your esteemed company. I have attached my resume with this letter. I assure you that I
will give my best for the betterment of the company. I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Hoping for a positive reply.
Thanking you,
Yours Sincerely,
U.PraveenKumaran.
Samrat Shekhar
Email ID- [email protected] Contact No. +91-7010902238.
Career Objective - Currently looking for a full time position in an environment that offers a
greater challenge, increased benefits for my family, and the opportunity to help the company.
Career Summary-
- A innovative thinker with excellent construction skills possesses 3 year experience as an
Architecture.
- Possessing a proven ability to made a economical and strong architecture plan for client.
- Excellent in assessing the resources and identify the oppurtunities.
- Excellent in coordinating with seniors and taking orders.
- Excellent in analysis, ratings and forecasts and rigorous benchmarking of the business
environment.
Personality Traits-
- Strong motivational skills
- Remarkable analytical, logical skills
- Unmatchable communication skills in written and verbal both.
- Ability to give the best result in pressure situations
Key Responsibilities Handled-

- Prepare the plan according to the client needs.
2018-2019 16
- Presenting the plan in front of seniors.

- Implement the suggestions in the plan.
- Identify the resources of the project.
- Perform design reviews across the organization.
- Ensure that work should be done on time.
- Supervise the each stage of manufacturing and giving suggestions.
- Train the new employees.
Achievements-
- Receive Best Architecture Award in ASD Constructions.
- Receive many appreciations from seniors for excellent work.
Employer-
- Working as Chief architecture in ASD constructions from 2010- present.
- Worked as Architecture in FGH Constructions from 2009-2010.
Academia-
- Bachelors of architect from GHJ Technical Institute with 81%.
- Diploma in architecture.
Personal Details-
- Languages Known- Tamil, English.
-Address- B6/2,TNPHC Quarters,North Raja Street,Alandur,Chennai-600016.i
2018-2019 17
i
Ex.No: 4 MOCK INTERVIEW Date:
1.Tell me about your self
Hello Sir, I am U.PraveenKumaran, I am from Chennnai only. Currently I'm pursuing Bachelor
of Technology from St.Joseph’s Engineering College, Chennai under IP University in Mechanical &
Automation. I am a final year student. Currently I have maintained 79.6% aggregate and hoping to
make it better. We are 2 siblings and parents in my family. I'm the youngest one. My father is in service
and mother is a housewife.
I done my schooling from D.A.V Public School,Chennai and got 87% in 12th standard and 8.6 CGPA
in class 10th.
I am an active member of P.Y.P, a social group working in our college which imparts free education to
local children of the area.
As a fresher I have no work experience but I will prove myself when opportunity comes.
It was a pleasure introducing myself to you.
2.What are your strength
"Out of the box" thinking, hardworking, flexibility, leadership, keeping calm and composure are some
of my strengths.
My biggest asset is my positive attitude and my nature.
I am a hard worker and quick learner that’s my strength.
What are your weakness?
My weak points is that I am too emotional who easily get swayed away by someone's emotions.
My weakness is I trust every one easily even I meet that person at first time.
3. Which adjective would you use to describe yourself?
I am confident that I would make a valuable addition to your team and I am very diligent person. I am
good at applying at work.
4.What do you know about our company?
Being a reputed and fast growing company across the globe it’s a big platform for all young aspirants
as me! there is yet lot to explore. I see this as full of opportunities and challenging ahead, the amazing
thing over here is the work environment one will get to learn a lot, transform to the best and connect
with the people (customer) across the globe as you do! You have touched the lives of people through
the sectors and products you produce.
5.Why do you want to work for us?

Sir, I am looking for a job in a reputed company like yours where I will be able to apply my skills,
knowledge and my past experience what I gathered from my previous job in better way for the growth
of myself and as well as your company and also get scope to learn any new things for the further
development of both myself and company too. So I do believe that your company will be an ideal place
for me where I will be able to give my future a good shape and also be able to steer my career in better
way.
6.Why should I hire you?
Thank you for this question to me, Sir as a fresher I need to start my carrier with one of the best
organization like yours if you give me an opportunity I will show all of my knowledge in the field and
already I mentioned myself am self-motivated so it will help me and as well as my company growth to.
7.What makes you want to work hard?
My parents taught me that it's important to have a work ethic. I work hard simply because it is
important to me that my work be the best it can be. I don't do it for pats on the head or other external
praise. It comes from my own pride in doing the best job I can. Slacking off or doing a sloppy job
causes me to be ashamed of myself.
8.What type of work environment do you like best?
My ideal work environment is one that is adaptive. When necessary, it easily handles fast paced work,
and is ready for any challenges it undertakes, but also slows down when work is slow, recognizing the
natural shifts in business and responding accordingly.”
9.Where do you see yourself five years from now?
I would hope that by then my hard work and enthusiasm would have led to increased recognition and
responsibility within the organization.
10. Explain how you overcame a major obstacle.
Still now I haven’t faced any major obstacle. Well to overcome obstacle, one should have
strong determination and self-confidence on himself / herself. They have to face life as it comes.
Ex.No: 5 GROUP DISCUSSION Date:

A group discussion can be categorically divided into three different phases:
i. Initiation/ Introduction
ii. Body of the group discussion
iii. Summarisation/ Conclusion
Let's stress on the initiation and summarisation:
Initiation Techniques:
Initiating a GD is a high profit-high loss strategy.
When you initiate a GD, you not only grab the opportunity to speak, you also grab the attention of the
examiner and your fellow candidates.
If you can make a favourable first impression with your content and communication skills after you
initiate a GD, it will help you sail through the discussion.
But if you initiate a GD and stammer/ stutter/ quote wrong facts and figures, the damage might be
irreparable.
If you initiate a GD impeccably but don't speak much after that, it gives the impression that you started
the GD for the sake of starting it or getting those initial kitty of points earmarked for an initiator!
When you start a GD, you are responsible for putting it into the right perspective or
framework. So initiate one only if you have indepth knowledge about the topic at hand.
There are different techniques to initiate a GD and make a good first impression:
~ Quotes:
Quotes are an effective way of initiating a GD.
If the topic of a GD is: Should the Censor Board be abolished?, you could start with a quote like,
'Hidden apples are always sweet'.
For a GD topic like, Customer is King, you could quote Sam (Wal-mart) Walton's famous saying,
'There is only one boss: the customer. And he can fire everybody in the company -- from the chairman
on down, simply by spending his money somewhere else.'
Definition:
Start a GD by defining the topic or an important term in the topic.
For example, if the topic of the GD is Advertising is a Diplomatic Way of Telling a Lie, why not start
the GD by defining advertising as, 'Any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas,
goods or services through mass media like newspapers, magazines, television or radio by an identified
sponsor'?
For a topic like The Malthusian Economic Prophecy is no longer relevant, you could start by
explaining the definition of the Malthusian Economic Prophecy.
Question:
Asking a question is an impactful way of starting a GD.
It does not signify asking a question to any of the candidates in a GD so as to hamper the flow. It
implies asking a question, and answering it yourself.
Any question that might hamper the flow of a GD or insult a participant or play devil's advocate must
be discouraged.
Questions that promote a flow of ideas are always appreciated.
For a topic like, Should India go to war with Pakistan, you could start by asking, 'What does war bring
to the people of a nation? We have had four clashes with Pakistan. The pertinent question is: what have
we achieved?'
Shock statement:
Initiating a GD with a shocking statement is the best way to grab immediate attention and put forth
your point.
If a GD topic is, The Impact of Population on the Indian Economy, you could start with, 'At the centre
of the Indian capital stands a population clock that ticks away relentlessly. It tracks 33 births a minute,
2,000 an hour, 48,000 a day. Which calculates to about 12 million every year. That is roughly the size
of Australia. As a current political slogan puts it, 'Nothing's impossible when 1 billion Indians work
together'.'
Facts, figures and statistics:
If you decide to initiate your GD with facts, figure and statistics, make sure to quote them accurately.
Approximation is allowed in macro level figures, but micro level figures need to be correct and
accurate.
For example, you can say, approximately 70 per cent of the Indian population stays in rural areas
(macro figures, approximation allowed).
But you cannot say 30 states of India instead of 28 (micro figures, no approximations).
Stating wrong facts works to your disadvantage.

For a GD topic like, China, a Rising Tiger, you could start with, 'In 1983, when China was still in its
initial stages of reform and opening up, China's real use of Foreign Direct Investment only stood at
$636 million. China actually utilized $60 billion of FDI in 2004, which is almost 100 times that of its
1983 statistics."
Short story:
Use a short story in a GD topic like, Attitude is Everything.
This can be initiated with, 'A child once asked a balloon vendor, who was selling helium gas-filled
balloons, whether a blue-coloured balloon will go as high in the sky as a green-coloured balloon. The
balloon vendor told the child, it is not the colour of the balloon but what is inside it that makes it go
high.'
General statement:
Use a general statement to put the GD in proper perspective.
For example, if the topic is, Should Sonia Gandhi be the prime minister of India? you could start by
saying, ‘Before jumping to conclusions like, ‘Yes, Sonia Gandhi should be’, or ‘No, Sonia Gandhi
should not be’, let’s first find out the qualities one needs to be a good prime minister of India. Then we
can compare these qualities with those that Mrs. Gandhi possesses. This will help us reach the
conclusion in a more objective and effective manner.’
Summarization Techniques:
Most GDs do not really have conclusions. A conclusion is where the whole group decides in favour or
against the topic.
But every GD is summarised. You can summarise what the group has discussed in the GD in a nutshell.
Keep the following points in mind while summarising a discussion:

 Avoid raising new points.
 Avoid stating only your viewpoint.
 Avoid dwelling only on one aspect of the GD.
 Keep it brief and concise.
 It must incorporate all the important points that came out during the GD.
 If the examiner asks you to summarise a GD, it means the GD has come to an end. Do not add
anything once the GD has been summarised.
SAMPLE GROUP DISCUSSION TOPICS
1.Indian cultural values have nothing to fear from globalization

2. The impact of economic reforms has been that rich people have become richer rich and poor people
poorer.
3. Management education is only for the rich.
4. Reservation in parliament for women.
5. The US dollar is no longer a stable currency.
6. The impact of Internet on India.
7. Behind every man there is a woman.
8. Politicians are not interested in the future of our country.
9. Wisdom does not come with age.
10. Corruption is the main outcome of democracy.
11. Is the consumer really the King in India?
12. Globalization verses Nationalism.
13. Conditional access system for cable TV watchers: boon or bane?
14. If India is poorly governed, the reason is that we have designed our system of governance for
protecting if not encouraging corruption.
15. Commercialization of health care: good or bad?
16. Should agricultural subsidies be stopped?
17. Do we lag behind China? Che tanaS
18. Who says MNCs are superior to Indian companies?
19. Food comes first, ethics later!
20. To survive in the civilized world one needs to be a hypocrite.
21. Money is the sixth sense without which one can't enjoy the other five.
22. English language as a mode of instruction in primary level.
23. Men and Women are different.
24. Given the present state of affairs, India will remain a developing country forever.
25. IIM's and IIT's encourage only brain drain.
26. Whether reservation to women is beneficial?
27. There is no alternative to Pokhran nuclear test in present scenario.
28. Modern cinema is a boon to Indian society.
29. Should youth indulge in politics?
30. US war on Iraq-justified or not.
Ex. No: 6 SOFT SKILLS Date:
1) EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
Emotional intelligence (EI) is the ability to recognize one's own and other people's emotions, to discriminate
between different feelings and label them appropriately, and to use emotional information to guide thinking and
behaviour. We probably all know people, either at work or in our personal lives, who are really good
listeners. No matter what kind of situation we're in, they always seem to know just what to say – and
how to say it – so that we're not offended or upset. They're caring and considerate, and even if we don't
find a solution to our problem, we usually leave feeling more hopeful and optimistic.
We probably also know people who are masters at managing their emotions. They don't get angry in
stressful situations. They're excellent decision makers, and they know when to trust their intuition.
Regardless of their strengths, however, they're usually willing to look at themselves honestly. They take
criticism well, and they know when to use it to improve their performance.
People like this have a high degree of emotional intelligence, or EI. They know themselves very well,
and they're also able to sense the emotional needs of others.
What is Emotional Intelligence?

We all have different personalities, different wants and needs, and different ways of showing our
emotions. Navigating through this all takes tact and cleverness – especially if we hope to succeed in
life. This is where EI becomes important.
EI is the ability to recognize your emotions, understand what they're telling you, and realize how your
emotions affect people around you. It also involves your perception of others: when you understand
how they feel; this allows you to manage relationships more effectively.
Emotional intelligence is the ability to identify and manage your own emotions and the emotions of
others. It is generally said to include 3 skills:
1. Emotional awareness, including the ability to identify your own emotions and those of others;
2. The ability to harness emotions and apply them to tasks like thinking and problems solving;
3. The ability to manage emotions, including the ability to regulate your own emotions, and the ability
to cheer up or calm down another person.
Characteristics of Emotional Intelligence
Self-awareness – People with high EI are usually very self-aware. They understand their emotions,
and because of this, they don't let their feelings rule them.
Self-regulation – This is the ability to control emotions and impulses. People who self-regulate
typically don't allow themselves to become too angry or jealous, and they don't make impulsive,
careless decisions.
Motivation – People with a high degree of EI are usually motivated. They're willing to defer
immediate results for long-term success.
Empathy – This is perhaps the second-most important element of EI. Empathy is the ability to
identify with and understand the wants, needs, and viewpoints of those around you.
Social Skills – It's usually easy to talk to and like people with good social skills, another sign of high
EI.
2) MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCE
Harvard professor Howard Gardner has identified eight different types of intelligences that each
individual has the capacity to possess. The idea of multiple intelligences is important because it allows
for educators to identify differing strengths and weaknesses in students and also contradicts the idea
that intelligence can be measured through IQ. In researching about genius, we found that Howard
Gardner's theory of Multiple Intelligences provides a great alternative to the popular measurable IQ
method.
Summaries of eight intelligences:
1. Visual/Spatial - Involves visual perception of the environment, the ability to create and
manipulate mental images, and the orientation of the body in space.
2. Verbal/Linguistic - Involves reading, writing, speaking, and conversing in one's own or foreign
languages.
3. Logical/Mathematical - Involves number and computing skills, recognizing patterns and
relationships, timeliness and order, and the ability to solve different kinds of problems through
logic.
4. Bodily/Kinesthetic - Involves physical coordination and dexterity, using fine and gross motor
skills, and expressing oneself or learning through physical activities.
5. Musical - Involves understanding and expressing oneself through music and rhythmic
movements or dance, or composing, playing, or conducting music.
6. Interpersonal - Involves understanding how to communicate with and understand other people
and how to work collaboratively.
7. Interpersonal - Involves understanding one's inner world of emotions and thoughts, and
growing in the ability to control them and work with them consciously.
8. Naturalist - Involves understanding the natural world of plants and animals, noticing their
characteristics, and categorizing them; it generally involves keen observation and the ability to
classify other things as well.
"Multiple intelligences are a psychological theory about the mind. It's a critique of the notion that
there's a single intelligence which we're born with, which can't be changed, and which psychologists
can measure. It's based on a lot of scientific research in fields ranging from psychology to anthropology
to biology. It's not based upon based on test correlations, which most other intelligence theories are
based on.
The claim is that there are at least eight different human intelligences. Most intelligence tests look
at language or logic or both - those are just two of the intelligences. The other six are musical, spatial,
bodily/kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist. I make two claims. The first claim is that
all human beings have all of these intelligences. It's part of our species definition. The second claim is
that, both because of our genetics and our environment, no two people have exactly the same profile of
intelligences, not even identical twins, because their experiences are different."
3) CHANGE MANAGEMENT
Change is a constant in both our professional and our private lives. Our children grow up taking for
granted such things as powerful personal computers that we could not envision at their ages. The idea
that human beings naturally resist change is deeply embedded in our thinking about change. Our
language (e.g., “resistance to change”), our assumptions, and our mental models about change all seem
to imply that something in our natures leads us to resist change. However, it is easy to find examples of
human beings, from childhood on through old age, actively seeking out change of all sorts. Human
beings do not necessarily resist change automatically; however, many people do resist being changed,
i.e., having changes imposed on them.
Change management is an approach to transitioning individuals, teams, and organizations to a

desired future state. In a project management context, change management may refer to a project
management process wherein changes to the scope of a project are formally introduced and approved.
Understanding Change Management

Theories about how organizations change draw on many disciplines, from psychology and behavioral
science, through to engineering and systems thinking. The underlying principle is that change does not
happen in isolation – it impacts the whole organization (system) around it, and all the people touched
by it.
In order to manage change successfully, it is therefore necessary to attend to the wider impacts
of the changes. As well as considering the tangible impacts of change, it's important to consider the
personal impact on those affected, and their journey towards working and behaving in new ways to
support the change. The Change Curve is a useful model that describes the personal and
organizational process of change in more detail.
Change management is, therefore, a very broad field, and approaches to managing change vary
widely, from organization to organization and from project to project. Many organizations and
consultants subscribe to formal change management methodologies. These provide toolkits, checklists
and outline plans of what needs to be done to manage changes successfully.
When you are tasked with "managing change" (irrespective of whether or not you subscribe to a
particular change management approach), the first question to consider is what change management
actually means in your situation. Change management focuses on people, and is about ensuring change
is thoroughly, smoothly and lastingly implemented. And to know what that means exactly in your
situation, you must dig down further to define your specific change management objectives.
Typically, these will cover:

Sponsorship: Ensuring there is active sponsorship for the change at a senior executive level within the
organization, and engaging this sponsorship to achieve the desired results.
Buy-in: Gaining buy-in for the changes from those involved and affected, directly or indirectly.
Involvement: Involving the right people in the design and implementation of changes, to make sure the
right changes are made.
Impact: Assessing and addressing how the changes will affect people.
Communication: Telling everyone who's affected about the changes.
Readiness: Getting people ready to adapt to the changes, by ensuring they have the right information,
training and help.
4) TIME MANAGEMENT
It seems that there is never enough time in the day. But, since we all get the same 24 hours, why
is it that some people achieve so much more with their time than others? The answer lies in
good time management.
Good time management requires an important shift in focus from activities to results: being
busy isn’t the same as being effective. (Ironically, the opposite is often closer to the truth.)
Spending your day in a frenzy of activity often achieves less, because you’re dividing your attention
between so many different tasks. Good time management lets you work smarter – not harder – so you
get more done in less time. Time management is the process of organizing and planning how much
time you spend on specific activities. Invest some time in our comprehensive collection of time
management articles to learn about managing your own time more efficiently, and save yourself time in
the future.
What is “Time Management?”

“Time management” refers to the way that you organize and plan how long you spend on specific
activities.
It may seem counter-intuitive to dedicate precious time to learning about time management, instead of
using it to get on with your work, but the benefits are enormous:
Greater productivity and efficiency.
A better professional reputation.
Less stress.
Increased opportunities for advancement.
Greater opportunities to achieve important life and career goals.
Failing to manage your time effectively can have some very undesirable consequences:
Missed deadlines.
Inefficient work flow.
Poor work quality.
A poor professional reputation and a stalled career.
Higher stress levels.
Spending a little time learning about time-management techniques will have huge benefits now – and
throughout your career.
10 ways that you can use to improve your time management skills and increase productivity.
1. Delegate Tasks: It is common for all of us to take more tasks than our desired potential. This can
often result in stress and burnout. Delegation is not running away from your responsibilities but is an
important function of management. Learn the art of delegating work to your subordinates as per their
skills and abilities.
2. Prioritize Work: Before the start of the day, make a list of tasks that need your immediate attention
as unimportant tasks can consume much of your precious time. Some tasks need to be completed on
that day only while other unimportant tasks could be carried forward to next day. In short, prioritize
your tasks to focus on those that are more important.
3. Avoid Procrastination: Procrastination is one of the things that badly affect the productivity. It can
result is wasting essential time and energy. It should be avoided at all costs. It could be a major problem
in both your career and your personal life.
4. Schedule Tasks: Carry a planner or notebook with you and list all the tasks that come to your mind.
Make a simple ‘To Do’ list before the start of the day, prioritize the tasks, and make sure that they are
attainable. To better manage your time management skills, you may think of making 3 lists: work,
home, and personal.
5. Avoid Stress: Stress often occurs when we accept more work than our ability. The result is that our
body starts feeling tired which can affect our productivity. Instead, delegate tasks to your juniors and
make sure to leave some time for relaxation.
6. Set up Deadlines: When you have a task at hand, set a realistic deadline and stick to it. Try to set a
deadline few days before the task so that you can complete all those tasks that may get in the way.
Challenge yourself and meet the deadline. Reward yourself for meeting a difficult challenge.
7. Avoid Multitasking: Most of us feel that multitasking is an efficient way of getting things done but
the truth is that we do better when we focus and concentrate on one thing. Multitasking hampers
productivity and should be avoided to improve time management skills.
8. Start Early: Most of the successful men and women have one thing in common. They start their day
early as it gives them time to sit, think, and plan their day. When you get up early, you are more calm,
creative, and clear-headed. As the day progresses, your energy levels starts going down which affects
your productivity and you don’t perform as well.
9. Take Some Breaks: Whenever you find yourself for 10-15 minutes, take a break. Too much stress
can take toll on your body and affect your productivity. Take a walk, listen to some music or do some
quick stretches. The best idea is to take off from work and spend time with your friends and family.
10. Learn to say No: Politely refuse to accept additional tasks if you think that you’re already
overloaded with work. Take a look at your ‘To Do’ list before agreeing to take on extra work.
5) STRESS MANAGEMENT
Stress management refers to the wide spectrum of techniques and psychotherapies aimed at
controlling a person's levels of stress, especially chronic stress, usually for the purpose of
improving everyday functioning. It may seem that there’s nothing you can do about stress. The
bills won’t stop coming, there will never be more hours in the day, and your career and family
responsibilities will always be demanding. But you have more control than you might think. In
fact, the simple realization that you’re in control of your life is the foundation of stress
management. Managing stress is all about taking charge: of your thoughts, emotions, schedule,
and the way you deal with problems. Identify the sources of stress in your life
Stress management starts with identifying the sources of stress in your life. This isn’t as easy as
it sounds. Your true sources of stress aren’t always obvious, and it’s all too easy to overlook your own
stress-inducing thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Sure, you may know that you’re constantly worried
about work deadlines. But maybe it’s your procrastination, rather than the actual job demands, that
leads to deadline stress.
Stress management strategy #1: Get moving
Physical activity plays a key role in reducing and preventing the effects of stress. Here are a few easy ways:
 Put on some music and dance around
 Take your dog for a walk
 Walk or cycle to the grocery store
 Use the stairs at home or work rather than an elevator
 Park your car in the farthest spot in the lot and walk the rest of the way
Stress management strategy #2: Avoid unnecessary stress
Not all stress can be avoided, and it’s not healthy to avoid a situation that needs to be addressed.
 Learn how to say “no” – Know your limits and stick to them. Whether in your personal or
professional life, taking on more than you can handle is a surefire recipe for stress.
 Avoid people who stress you out – If someone consistently causes stress in your life and you
can’t turn the relationship around, limit the amount of time you spend with that person or end
the relationship entirely.
 Take control of your environment – If the evening news makes you anxious, turn the TV off.
If traffic’s got you tense, take a longer but less-traveled route. If going to the market is an
unpleasant chore, do your grocery shopping online.
 Avoid hot-button topics – If you get upset over religion or politics, cross them off your
conversation list. If you repeatedly argue about the same subject with the same people, stop
bringing it up or excuse yourself when it’s the topic of discussion.
 Pare down your to-do list – Analyze your schedule, responsibilities, and daily tasks. If you’ve
got too much on your plate, distinguish between the “should” and the “musts.” Drop tasks that
aren’t truly necessary to the bottom of the list or eliminate them entirely.
Stress management strategy #3: Alter the situation

If you can’t avoid a stressful situation, try to alter it.
 Express your feelings instead of bottling them up. If something or someone is bothering you,
communicate your concerns in an open and respectful way. If you don’t voice your feelings,
resentment will build and the situation will likely remain the same.
 Be willing to compromise. When you ask someone to change their behavior, be willing to do
the same. If you both are willing to bend at least a little, you’ll have a good chance of finding a
happy middle ground.
 Be more assertive. Don’t take a backseat in your own life. Deal with problems head on, doing
your best to anticipate and prevent them. If you’ve got an exam to study for and your chatty
roommate just got home, say up front that you only have five minutes to talk.
 Manage your time better. Poor time management can cause a lot of stress. When you’re
stretched too thin and running behind, it’s hard to stay calm and focused. But if you plan ahead
and make sure you don’t overextend yourself, you can alter the amount of stress you’re under.
Stress management strategy #4: Adapt to the stressor

If you can’t change the stressor, change yourself.
 Reframe problems. Try to view stressful situations from a more positive perspective. Rather
than fuming about a traffic jam, look at it as an opportunity to pause and regroup, listen to your
favorite radio station, or enjoy some alone time.
 Look at the big picture. Take perspective of the stressful situation. Ask yourself how important
it will be in the long run. Will it matter in a month? A year? Is it really worth getting upset over?
If the answer is no, focus your time and energy elsewhere.
 Adjust your standards. Perfectionism is a major source of avoidable stress. Stop setting
yourself up for failure by demanding perfection. Set reasonable standards for yourself and
others, and learn to be okay with “good enough.”
 Focus on the positive. When stress is getting you down, take a moment to reflect on all the
things you appreciate in your life, including your own positive qualities and gifts. This simple
strategy can help you keep things in perspective.
Stress management strategy #5: Accept the things you can’t change
Some sources of stress are unavoidable.
 Don’t try to control the uncontrollable. Many things in life are beyond our control—
particularly the behavior of other people. Rather than stressing out over them, focus on the
things you can control such as the way you choose to react to problems.
 Look for the upside. As the saying goes, “What doesn’t kill us makes us stronger.” When
facing major challenges, try to look at them as opportunities for personal growth. If your own
poor choices contributed to a stressful situation, reflect on them and learn from your mistakes.
 Share your feelings. Talk to a trusted friend face to face or make an appointment with a
therapist. The simple act of expressing what you’re going through can be very cathartic, even if
there’s nothing you can do to alter the stressful situation. Opening up is not a sign of weakness
and it won’t make you a burden to others. In fact, most friends will be flattered that you trust
them enough to confide in them, and it will only strengthen your bond.
 Learn to forgive. Accept the fact that we live in an imperfect world and that people make
mistakes. Let go of anger and resentments. Free yourself from negative energy by forgiving and
moving on.
Stress management strategy #6: Make time for fun and relaxation
Beyond a take-charge approach and a positive attitude, you can reduce stress in your life by
nurturing yourself.
 Set aside relaxation time. Include rest and relaxation in your daily schedule. Don’t allow other
obligations to encroach. This is your time to take a break from all responsibilities and recharge
your batteries.
 Connect with others. Spend time with positive people who enhance your life. A strong support
system will buffer you from the negative effects of stress.
 Do something you enjoy every day. Make time for leisure activities that bring you joy,
whether it be stargazing, playing the piano, or working on your bike.
 Keep your sense of humor. This includes the ability to laugh at yourself. The act of laughing
helps your body fight stress in a number of ways.
Stress management strategy #7: Adopt a healthy lifestyle
In addition to regular exercise, there are other healthy lifestyle choices that can increase your resistance to
stress.
 Eat a healthy diet. Well-nourished bodies are better prepared to cope with stress, so be mindful
of what you eat. Start your day right with breakfast, and keep your energy up and your mind
clear with balanced, nutritious meals throughout the day.
 Reduce caffeine and sugar. The temporary "highs" caffeine and sugar provide often end in
with a crash in mood and energy. By reducing the amount of coffee, soft drinks, chocolate, and
sugar snacks in your diet, you’ll feel more relaxed and you’ll sleep better.
 Avoid alcohol, cigarettes, and drugs. Self-medicating with alcohol or drugs may provide an
easy escape from stress, but the relief is only temporary. Don’t avoid or mask the issue at hand;
deal with problems head on and with a clear mind.
 Get enough sleep. Adequate sleep fuels your mind, as well as your body. Feeling tired will
increase your stress because it may cause you to think irrationally.
6. LEADERSHIP TRAITS
The traits of an effective leader include the following:

 Emotional stability. Good leaders must be able to tolerate frustration and
stress. ...
 Dominance. ...
 Enthusiasm. ...
 Conscientiousness. ...
 Social boldness. ...
 Tough-mindedness. ...
 Self-assurance. ...
 Compulsiveness.
Over the past several years, one of the most important contributions psychology has made to the field
of business has been in determining the key traits of acknowledged leaders. Psychological tests have
been used to determine what characteristics are most commonly noted among successful leaders. This
list of characteristics can be used for developmental purposes to help managers gain insight and
develop their leadership skills.
The increasing rate of change in the business environment is a major factor in this new emphasis on
leadership. Whereas in the past, managers were expected to maintain the status quo in order to move
ahead, new forces in the marketplace have made it necessary to expand this narrow focus. The new
leaders of tomorrow are visionary. They are both learners and teachers. Not only do they foresee
paradigm changes in society, but they also have a strong sense of ethics and work to build integrity in
their organizations.
Raymond Cattell, a pioneer in the field of personality assessment, developed the Leadership Potential
equation in 1954. This equation, which was based on a study of military leaders, is used today to
determine the traits which characterize an effective leader. The traits of an effective leader include the
following:
 Emotional stability. Good leaders must be able to tolerate frustration and stress. Overall, they
must be well-adjusted and have the psychological maturity to deal with anything they are
required to face.
 Dominance. Leaders are often times competitive and decisive and usually enjoy overcoming
obstacles. Overall, they are assertive in their thinking style as well as their attitude in dealing
with others.
 Enthusiasm. Leaders are usually seen as active, expressive, and energetic. They are often very
optimistic and open to change. Overall, they are generally quick and alert and tend to be
uninhibited.
 Conscientiousness. Leaders are often dominated by a sense of duty and tend to be very
exacting in character. They usually have a very high standard of excellence and an inward
desire to do one's best. They also have a need for order and tend to be very self-disciplined.
 Social boldness. Leaders tend to be spontaneous risk-takers. They are usually socially
aggressive and generally thick-skinned. Overall, they are responsive to others and tend to be
high in emotional stamina.
 Tough-mindedness. Good leaders are practical, logical, and to-the-point. They tend to be low
in sentimental attachments and comfortable with criticism. They are usually insensitive to
hardship and overall, are very poised.
 Self-assurance. Self-confidence and resiliency are common traits among leaders. They tend to
be free of guilt and have little or no need for approval. They are generally secure and free from
guilt and are usually unaffected by prior mistakes or failures.
 Compulsiveness. Leaders were found to be controlled and very precise in their social
interactions. Overall, they were very protective of their integrity and reputation and
consequently tended to be socially aware and careful, abundant in foresight, and very careful
when making decisions or determining specific actions.
Beyond these basic traits, leaders of today must also possess traits which will help them motivate
others and lead them in new directions. Leaders of the future must be able to envision the future and
convince others that their vision is worth following. To do this, they must have the following
personality traits:
 High energy. Long hours and some travel are usually a prerequisite for leadership positions,
especially as your company grows. Remaining alert and staying focused are two of the greatest
obstacles you will have to face as a leader.
 Intuitiveness. Rapid changes in the world today combined with information overload result in
an inability to "know" everything. In other words, reasoning and logic will not get you through
all situations. In fact, more and more leaders are learning to the value of using their intuition
and trusting their "gut" when making decisions.
 Maturity. To be a good leader, personal power and recognition must be secondary to the
development of your employees. In other words, maturity is based on recognizing that more can
be accomplished by empowering others than can be by ruling others.
 Team orientation. Business leaders today put a strong emphasis on team work. Instead of
promoting an adult/child relationship with their employees, leaders create an adult/adult
relationship which fosters team cohesiveness.
 Empathy. Being able to "put yourself in the other person's shoes" is a key trait of leaders today.
Without empathy, you can't build trust. And without trust, you will never be able to get the best
effort from your employees.
 Charisma. People usually perceive leaders as larger than life. Charisma plays a large part in
this perception. Leaders who have charisma are able to arouse strong emotions in their
employees by defining a vision which unites and captivates them. Using this vision, leaders
motivate employees to reach toward a future goal by tying the goal to substantial personal
rewards and values.
Overall, leaders are larger than life in many ways. Personal traits play a major role in determining who
will and who will not be comfortable leading others. However, it's important to remember that people
are forever learning and changing.
Leaders are rarely (if ever) born. Circumstances and persistence are major components in the
developmental process of any leader. So if your goal is to become a leader, work on developing those
areas of your personality that you feel are not "up to par". For instance, if you have all of the basic
traits but do not consider yourself very much of a "people" person, try taking classes or reading books
on empathy. On the other end, if relating to others has always come naturally to you, but you have
trouble making logical decisions, try learning about tough-mindedness and how to develop more
psychological resistance. Just remember, anyone can do anything they set their mind to...
1. TEAMWORK
The process of working collaboratively with a group of people in order to achieve a goal. Teamwork is
often a crucial part of a business, as it is often necessary for colleagues to work well together, trying their
best in any circumstance. Teamwork means that people will try to cooperate, using their individual skills
and providing constructive feedback, despite any personal conflict between individuals. Effective
teamwork is both profoundly simple and difficult at the same time.
Keys to Successful Teamwork

 The team understands the goals and is committed to attaining them. This clear direction and
agreement on mission and purpose is essential for effective teamwork.
This team clarity is reinforced when the organization has clear expectations for the team's
work, goals, accountability, and outcomes.
 The team creates an environment in which people are comfortable taking reasonable risks in
communicating, advocating positions, and taking action. Team members trust each other.
Team members are not punished for disagreeing.
 Communication is open, honest, and respectful. People feel free to express their thoughts,
opinions, and potential solutions to problems. People feel as if they are heard out and listened to
by team members who are attempting to understand. Team members ask questions for clarity
and spend their thought time listening deeply rather than forming rebuttals while their co-
worker is speaking.
 Team members have a strong sense of belonging to the group. They experience a deep
commitment to the group’s decisions and actions. This sense of belonging is enhanced and
reinforced when the team spends the time to develop team norms or relationship guidelines
together.
 Team members are viewed as unique people with irreplaceable experiences, points of view,
knowledge, and opinions to contribute. After all, the purpose for forming a team is to take
advantage of the differences.
 Creativity, innovation, and different viewpoints are expected and encouraged. Comments
such as, "we already tried that and it didn't work" and "what a dumb idea" are not allowed or
supported.
 The team is able to constantly examine itself and continuously improve its processes,
practices, and the interaction of team members. The team openly discusses team norms and
what may be hindering its ability to move forward and progress in areas of effort, talent, and
strategy.
 The team has agreed upon procedures for diagnosing, analyzing, and resolving team work
problems and conflicts. The team does not support member personality conflicts and clashes
nor do team members pick sides in a disagreement. Rather, members work towards mutual
resolution.
 Participative leadership is practiced in leading meetings, assigning tasks, recording decisions
and commitments, assessing progress, holding team members accountable, and providing
direction for the team.
 Members of the team make high quality decisions together and have the support and
commitment of the group to carry out the decisions made.
2. CAREER PLANNING
Career planning is an ongoing process that can help you manage your learning and development.
You can use the four step planning process whether you are:
 still at school;
 a school leaver;
 an adult adding on skills; or
 an adult changing your job or career.
Career planning is the continuous process of:

 thinking about your interests, values, skills and preferences;
 exploring the life, work and learning options available to you;
 ensuring that your work fits with your personal circumstances; and
 Continuously fine-tuning your work and learning plans to help you manage the changes in your life
and the world of work.
You can revisit and make use of this process all the way through your career.
Start at the step that is most relevant for you now.
The career planning process has four steps:
Step 1: Knowing yourself
Step 2: Finding out
Step 3: Making decisions
Step 4: Taking action
Step 1: Knowing yourself

Begin by thinking about where you are now, where you want to be and how you’re going to get there.
Once you have thought about where you are at now and where you want to be, you can work on getting to
know your skills, interests and values.
Begin by asking yourself the following questions:
 Where am I at now?
 Where do I want to be?
 What do I want out of a job or career?
 What do I like to do?
 What are my strengths?
 What is important to me?
At the end of this step you will have a clearer idea of your work or learning goal and your individual
preferences. You can use this information about yourself as your personal ‘wish list’ against which you can
compare all the information you gather in Step 2: finding out. Your personal preferences are very useful for
helping you choose your best option at this point in time, which you can do in Step 3: making decisions.
Step 2: Finding out
This step is about exploring the occupations and learning areas that interest you. Once you have some idea of
your occupational preferences you can research the specific skills and qualifications required for those
occupations.
 Explore occupations that interest you and ask yourself how do my skills and interests match up with
these occupations?
 Where are the gaps?
 What options do I have to gain these skills or qualify for these occupations?
 What skills do I need?
 Where is the work?
At the end of this step you will have a list of preferred occupations and/or learning options.
Step 3: Making decisions
This step involves comparing your options, narrowing down your choices and thinking about what suits you
best at this point in time.
Ask yourself:
 What are my best work/training options?
 How do they match with my skills, interests and values?
 How do they fit with the current labour market?
 How do they fit with my current situation and responsibilities?
 What are the advantages and disadvantages of each option?
 What will help and what will hinder me?
 What can I do about it?
At the end of this step you will have narrowed down your options and have more of an idea of what you need
to do next to help you achieve your goals.
Step 4: Taking action

Here you plan the steps you need to take to put your plan into action.
Use all you have learnt about your skills, interests and values together with the information you have gathered
about the world of work to create your plan.
Begin by asking yourself:
 What actions/steps will help me achieve my work, training and career goals?
 Where can I get help?
 Who will support me?
At the end of this step you will have:
 a plan to help you explore your options further (eg work experience, work shadowing or more
research); or
 a plan which sets out the steps to help you achieve your next learning or work goal.
Decide which step is relevant for you right now and start from there.
3. INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION
Intercultural communication is a form of communication that aims to share information across

different cultures and social groups. Intercultural communication is defined as situated communication
between individuals or groups of different linguistic and cultural origins. This is derived from the
following fundamental definitions: communication is the active relationship established between
people through language, and intercultural means that this communicative relationship is between
people of different cultures, where culture is the structured manifestation of human behaviour in social
life within specific national and local contexts, e.g. political, linguistic, economic, institutional, and
professional. Intercultural communication is identified as both a concept and a competence.
Intercultural competence is the active possession by individuals of qualities which contribute to
effective intercultural communication and can be defined in terms of three primary attributes:
knowledge, skills and attitudes. In the context of this document, the acquisition of skills and human
attributes likely to enhance intercultural communication is viewed exclusively as a component of
language programmes, i.e. as an accompaniment to the practical acquisition of language itself.
Knowledge, understanding and skills (competences)

Having completed a first cycle higher education programme of language study, incorporating explicit
study of intercultural communication, in higher education, students should have acquired:
Knowledge of the cultures, institutions, histories and ways of life of different communities and the
ability to recognise their impact on behavioural norms in given fields of communication
Understanding of the relationship between culture, contexts of communication and language use
Insight into the roles and conventions governing behaviour within specific intercultural environments
Critical awareness of their own and others’ beliefs and values
Sensitivity towards cultural stereotypes and related obstacles to successful intercultural
communication.
Intercultural communication or communication between people of different cultural backgrounds has

always been and will probably remain an important precondition of human co-existence on earth. The
purpose of this paper is to provide a framework of factors that are important in intercultural
communication within a general model of human, primarily linguistic, communication. The term
intercultural is chosen over the largely synonymous term cross-cultural because it is linked to
language use such as “interdisciplinary” that is cooperation between people with different scientific
backgrounds. Perhaps the term also has somewhat fewer connotations than cross-cultural. It is not
cultures that communicate, whatever that might imply, but people (and possibly social institutions) with
different cultural backgrounds that do. In general, the term “cross-cultural” is probably best used for
comparisons between cultures. The term “culture” refers to all the characteristics common to a
particular group of people that are learned and not given by nature. That the members of
a group have two legs is thus not a cultural characteristic but a natural one, while a special but common
way of walking would probably be cultural. Analytically, we can differentiate between the following
four primary cultural dimensions:
(i) Patterns of thought – common ways of thinking, where thinking includes factual beliefs, values,
norms, and emotional attitudes.
(ii) Patterns of behaviour – common ways of behaving, from ways of speaking to ways of conducting
commerce and industry, where the behaviour can be intentional/unintentional, aware/unaware or
individual/interactive.
(iii) Patterns of artefacts – common ways of manufacturing and using material things, from pens to
houses (artefact = artificial object), where artefacts include dwellings, tools, machines or media. The art
factual dimension of culture is usually given special attention in museums.
(iv) Imprints in nature – the long-lasting imprints left by a group in the natural surroundings, where
such imprints include agriculture, trash, roads or intact/ruined human habitations. In fact, “culture” in
the sense of “growth” (i.e. a human transformation of nature) gives us a basic understanding of what
the concept of culture is all about.
All human activities involve the first two dimensions. Most activities involve the third dimension, and
ecologically important activities also involve the fourth. When a particular activity lastingly combines
several of these traits, one usually says that the activity has become institutionalized and that it is thus a
social institution.
Similarly, one may speak of a culture or a subculture when one or more of the characteristics are
lastingly connected with a certain group of people. In the context of intercultural communication, the
groups are often associated with national states, and we may speak about Swedish culture, French
culture, etc. However, a group does not necessarily have to be a national group. It may be any group at
all that is distinguishable over a longer period of time.
4. CREATIVE AND CRITICAL THINKING
Critical thinking involves logical thinking and reasoning including skills such as comparison,
classification, sequencing, cause/effect, patterning, webbing, analogies, deductive and inductive
reasoning, forecasting, planning, hypothesizing, and critiquing.
Creative thinking involves creating something new or original. It involves the skills of flexibility,
originality, fluency, elaboration, brainstorming, modification, imagery, associative thinking, attribute
listing, metaphorical thinking, forced relationships. The aim of creative thinking is to stimulate
curiosity and promote divergence.
While critical thinking can be thought of as more left-brain and creative thinking more right brain, they
both involve "thinking."
Many great breakthroughs and discoveries in art, science and innovation have resulted from combining
creative and critical thinking skills. Approaches differ considerably between the skills used in creative
thinking and those used in critical thinking. However, it is because of the synergy created by the
combination of both sets of skills that they are being discussed in conjunction with one another in this
unit. By applying creative and critical thinking approaches to your subject area you will enrich and
deepen your learning experiences. Furthermore, creative and critical thinking skills can benefit many
other areas of your life from problem solution to decision making. Creative thinking is about applying
imagination to finding a solution to your learning task.
Some approaches involved in creative thinking skills
Creative thinking skills involve such approaches as:
- Engaging in reflection.
- Looking for many possible answers rather than one.
- Allowing yourself to make wild and crazy suggestions as well as those that seem sensible.
- Not judging ideas early in the process - treat all ideas as if they may contain the seeds of something
potentially useful.
- Allowing yourself to doodle, daydream or play with a theory or suggestion.

- Being aware that these approaches necessarily involve making lots of suggestions that are unworkable
and may sound silly.
- Making mistakes.
- Learning from what has not worked as well as what did.
There is no limit to ways there are of thinking creatively. Some techniques you can begin with are
listed here under.
· Brainstorm ideas on one topic onto a large piece of paper: don't edit these. Just write them down as
soon as they come into your head.
· Allow yourself to play with an idea while you go for a walk or engage in other activities
· Draw or paint a theory on paper.
· Ask the same question at least twenty times and give a different answer each time.
· Combine some of the features of two different objects or ideas to see if you can create several more.
· Change your routine. Do things a different way. Walk a different route to college.
· Let your mind be influenced by new stimuli such as music you do not usually listen to.
· Be open to ideas when they are still new: look for ways of making things work and pushing the idea
to its limits.
What is critical thinking?
No one always acts purely objectively and rationally. We connive for selfish interests. We gossip, boast,
exaggerate, and equivocate. It is "only human" to wish to validate our prior knowledge, to vindicate our
prior decisions, or to sustain our earlier beliefs. In the process of satisfying our ego, however, we can
often deny ourselves intellectual growth and opportunity. We may not always want to apply critical
thinking skills, but we should have those skills available to be employed when needed.Critical thinking
enables us to recognise a wide range of subjective analyses of otherwise objective data, and to evaluate
how well each analysis might meet our needs. Facts may be facts, but how we interpret them may vary.
Combining creative and critical thinking
Both creative thinking and critical thinking skills are valuable and neither is superior. In fact, it
has been shown that when either is omitted during the problem solving process, effectiveness declines.
For example you could focus on a subject in a logical, analytical way for some time, sorting out
conflicting claims, weighing evidence, thinking through possible solutions. Then, while daydreaming,
or distracting the mind, but still holding the same problem lightly ‘at the back of the mind’, you may
have a burst of creative energy and arrive at an ‘Aha’ moment – even though you were not trying so
hard to find the answer. However, the daydream on its own did not achieve anything.
Ex.No: 7(A) BLOG WRITING Date:
Movies:
The history of Indian Cinema goes back to the nineteenth century. In 1896, the very first films
shot by the Lumiere Brothers were shown in Mumbai (then Bombay).
But history was actually created when Harishchandra Sakharam Bhatavdekar popularly known as Save
Dada, the still photographer, was so much influenced by the Lumiere Brothers’ production that he
ordered a camera from England. His first film was shot at the Hanging Gardens in Mumbai, known as
‘The Wrestlers’. It was a simple recording of a wrestling match which was screened in 1899 and is
considered as the first motion picture in the Indian Film Industry.
Beginning of Bollywood
Father of Indian Cinema, Dadasaheb Phalke released the first ever full-length feature film ‘Raja
Harishchandra’ in 1913. The silent film was a commercial success. Dadasaheb was not only the
producer but was also the director, writer, cameraman, editor, make-up artist and art director. Raja
Harischandra was the first-ever Indian film which was screened in London in 1914. Though Indian
Cinema’s first mogul, Dadasaheb Phalke supervised and managed the production of twenty three films
from 1913 to 1918, the initial growth of the Indian Film Industry was not as fast as that of Hollywood.
Numerous new production companies emerged in the early 1920s. Films based on mythological
and historical facts and episodes from Mahabharata and Ramayana dominated the 20s but Indian
audiences also welcomed Hollywood movies, especially the action films.
Beginning of the Talkies

The first ever talkie ‘Alam Ara’ by Ardeshir Irani was screened in Bombay in 1931. It was the
first sound film in India. The release of Alam Ara started a new era in the history of Indian Cinema.
Phiroz Shah was the first music director of Alam Ara. The first song which was recorded for Alam Ara
in 1931 was ‘De de khuda ke naam par’. It was sung by W.M. Khan.
Thereafter, several production companies emerged leading to an increase in the release of the number
of films. 328 films were made in 1931 as compared to 108 in 1927. During this time, huge movie halls
were built and there was a significant growth in the number of audiences.
During the 1930s and 1940s many eminent film personalities such as Debaki Bose, Chetan Anand, S.S.
Vasan, Nitin Bose and many others emerged on the scene.
Growth of Regional Films
Not only did the country witness the growth of Hindi Cinema, but the regional film industry
also made its own mark. The first Bengali feature film ‘Nal Damyanti’ in 1917 was produced by J.F.
Madan with Italian actors in the leading roles. It was photographed by Jyotish Sarkar.
The year 1919 saw the screening of the first silent South Indian feature film named ‘Keechaka
Vadham’. The movie was made by R. Nataraja Mudaliar of Madras (Chennai). Dadasaheb Phalke’s
daughter Manadakini was the first female child star who acted as the child Krishna in Phalke’s ‘Kaliya
Mardan’ in 1919.
The first ever talkie film in Bengali was ‘Jamai Shashthi’, which was screened in 1931 and
produced by Madan Theatres Ltd. ‘Kalidass’ was the first Tamil talkie which was released in Madras
on 31 October 1931 and directed by H.M. Reddy. Apart from Bengali and South Indian languages,
regional films were also made in other languages such as Assamese, Oriya, Punjabi, Marathi, and many
more.
‘Ayodhecha Raja’ was the first Marathi film which was directed by V. Shantaram in 1932. This
film was made in double version. ‘Ayodhya ka Raja’ in Hindi and ‘Ayodhecha Raja’ in Marathi was the
first ever Indian talkie produced by Prabhat Film Company in 1932.
Birth of a New Era
The number of films being produced saw a brief decline during the World War II. Basically the
birth of modern Indian Film industry took place around 1947. The period witnessed a remarkable and
outstanding transformation of the film industry. Notable filmmakers like Satyajit Ray, and Bimal Roy
made movies which focused on the survival and daily miseries of the lower class. The historical and
mythological subjects took a back seat and the films with social messages began to dominate the
industry. These films were based on themes such as prostitution, dowry, polygamy and other
malpractices which were prevalent in our society.
In the 1960s new directors like Ritwik Ghatak, Mrinal Sen, and others focused on the real problems of
the common man. They directed some outstanding movies which enabled the Indian film industry to
carve a niche in the International film scenario.
The 1950s and 1960s are considered to be the golden age in the history of the Indian cinema
and saw the rise of some memorable actors like Guru Dutt, Raj Kapoor, Dilip Kumar, Meena Kumari,
Madhubala, Nargis, Nutan, Dev Anand, Waheeda Rehman, among others.
This article will be incomplete if the contribution of music in Indian cinema is not mentioned. Songs
are an integral part of Indian movies. Presence of songs has given Indian films a distinctive look as
compared to international films. The Indian film industry has produced many talented lyricists, music
directors and artists.
Bollywood – The Pioneer of Masala Movies
The 1970s saw the advent of Masala movies in Bollywood. The audiences were captivated and
mesmerised by the aura of actors like Rajesh Khanna, Dharmendra, Sanjeev Kumar, Hema Malini, and
many others.
The most prominent and successful director, Manmohan Desai was considered by several
people as the father of Masala movies. According to Manmohan Desai, “I want people to forget their
misery. I want to take them into a dream world where there is no poverty, where there are no beggars,
where fate is kind and god is busy looking after its flock.”
Sholay, the groundbreaking film directed by Ramesh Sippy, not only got international accolades
but also made Amitabh Bachchan a ‘Superstar’.
Several women directors like Meera Nair, Aparna Sen and others showcased their talents in the 1980s.
How can we forget the extraordinary and splendid performance of Rekha in the film Umrao Jaan in
1981?
The 1990s saw a whole new batch of actors like Shah Rukh Khan, Salman Khan, Madhuri
Dixit, Aamir Khan, Juhi Chawla, Chiranjivi, and many more. This new genre of actors used new
techniques to enhance their performances which further elevated and upgraded the Indian Film
Industry. 2008 was a notable year for the Indian film industry as A.R. Rahman received two academy
awards for best soundtrack for Slumdog Millionaire.
Indian cinema is no longer restricted to India and is now being well appreciated by international
audiences. The contribution of the overseas market in Bollywood box office collections is quite
remarkable. Around 30 film production companies were listed in National Stock Exchange of India in
2013. The multiplexes too have boomed in India due to tax incentives.
Indian cinema has become a part and parcel of our daily life whether it is a regional or a Bollywood
movie. It has a major role to play in our society. Though entertainment is the key word of Indian
cinema it has far more responsibility as it impacts the mind of the audiences.
Ex.No: 7(B) E-MAIL Date:
1. Send a mail to your HR explaining your situation for over reacting during the meeting:
Dear Vijay
I am sorry I overreacted yesterday to the news of my project team’s restructuring. I apologize for
making inappropriate assumptions about your decision.
I realize since we talked that I depend on Caroline’s participation, and don’t want to lose her
enthusiasm and expertise on my team. You are correct that she is ready for larger company projects.
I regret my comments, and you have my promise to fully support the team restructure. Please accept
my apology.
Sincerely,
U.PraveenKumaran.
2.Send a mail to your staff member reporting her continuous absences:
Mr.Joseph
It has been observed from the attendance record that you are absenting from the duty
unauthorized i.e. without permission since <5.9.18> till date.
Your continuous unauthorized absence, if proved, comes within the purview of breach of
discipline and negligence of duty, and hampering daily day to day activities in your department.
You are therefore directed to furnish explanation in writing within 48 hours of receipt of this
show cause as to why appropriate disciplinary action should not be taken against you for your above
misconducts, failing which it will be presumed that you have no explanation to offer and the matter will
proceed expert.
Sincerely,
U.PraveenKumaran.
3. Send a mail to your HR requesting for leave
Respected Sir,
I would like to take leave form 9.9.18 date to 11.9.18 due to attend my sister marriage . Hence I
request you to please approve my leave.
Thanking you,
Yours faithfully,
U.PraveenKumaran.
Ex.No: 7(C) SMS Date:
1. Send a sms to your staff member regarding annual meeting
Hi guys, today evening we have our annual meeting so please assemble @ conference hall by 3 pm
without fail.
2. Send a sms to your staff members to inform about the workshop

A workshop is being conducted on “Automation Systems “on 13-09-2018. You are requested to
attend this workshop without fail.
3. Send an sms to your staff members informing them about your company’s success
Dear staff, we are happy to inform that our previous project has become a grand success in the
market. Thank you for your support and hard work.
4. Send a sms to your staff members - invitation to your company’s success party
Dear staff, due to grand success of our product our company has decided to throw a party tonight. We
invite you all to attend this party and be a part of our success.
Ex.No: 7(D) TWEETS Date:
1. Tweet about your company’s new project

@into
An into solution approach for #IVHM of the landing gear system for a typical transport aircraft http://
infy.com/1Uwvmb3 #IOTSWC #IoT
2. Tweet about the workshop conducted by your company

@into
1 day to go for IBC2018, register & network with Into experts from Communication Media &
Entertainment .
3. Tweet about your meeting

@into
Schedule a meeting with our travel & hospitality experts at @FutureTravelX Global 2018
http://infy.com/1J9hS1C
4. Tweet about your company’s new collaboration

@i_tech
I acquires StrongLoop, a leading development software provider #IandStrongLoop
5. Tweet about your company’s product launch

@i_tech I is bringing sports into the digital age, starting with the @usopen by @luchanglu via
@DigitalTrends #usopen
Ex.No: 8 CHART INTERPRETATION Date:
Gross Domestic Product in the UK
The bar chart illustrates the gross domestic product generated from the IT and Service Industry in the
UK from 1992 to 2000. It is measured in percentages. Overall, it can be seen that both increased as a
percentage of GDP, but IT remained at a higher rate throughout this time.
At the beginning of the period, in 1992, the Service Industry accounted for 4 per cent of GDP, whereas
IT exceeded this, at just over 6 per cent. Over the next four years, the levels became more similar, with
both components standing between 6 and just over 8 per cent. IT was still higher overall, though it
dropped slightly from 1994 to 1996.
However, over the following four years, the patterns of the two components were noticeably different.
The percentage of GDP from IT increased quite sharply to 12 in 1998 and then nearly 15 in 2000, while
the Service Industry stayed nearly the same, increasing to only 8 per cent.
At the end of the period, the percentage of GDP from IT was almost twice that of the Service Industry.
Ex.No: 9 REPORT WRITING Date:
Report on the Fire Accident

Prepared By
Ram
The Safety Engineer
DEMON MOTOR COMPANY LTD.
Chennai
DEMON MOTOR COMPANY LTD

58, NEW STREET, CHENNAI – 108
To: The Managing Director Ref: DMC/155/B9

From: The Safety Engineer 05 May 2018
Sir,
Sub: A report on the fire accident in our Factory – reg.,
With reference to your intimation dated 04 May 2018; a detailed study has been made on the
fire accident that took place on the 2nd of this month in our factory.
On the above mentioned date, a huge fire had broken out around 11 a.m. in our Welding
Department. It spread so quickly that it consumed fairly a large number of tools and spare parts. Above
all, Mr.Sai, our chief welder was also badly hurt. Luckily he was the only person working at that time
as the other workers had gone for tea break. Immediately, fire men were summoned and they
extinguished the fire after battling for about half-an-hour. Mr.Sai was hospitalized and he is now
recovering fast.
Under investigation, it is found that the fire broke out because of a short circuit in the main line.
As Mr. Sai had been welding at that time, the fire had spread quickly. In addition, the wires had worn
out and needed replacement. All these had resulted in the devastating fire. The total loss is estimated to
be nearly Rs.1, 50,000.
To avoid such mishaps in the future, it is recommended that
i. Wiring should be replaced and be checked at regular intervals

ii. Enough fire extinguishers must be kept handy.
iii. Automatic fire extinguishing sprays can be installed.
iv. Proper fuses should be used to avoid excess flow.
v. Employees should be given proper training with regard to the use of electrical
components and fire extinguishers.
If all these measures are taken, definitely such accidents can be prevented in future and thereby, great
loss to human as well other resources could be averted.
Yours Faithfully,
Sai
Safety Engineer
Ex. No: 10 MEDIA WRITING Date:
Four characteristics of media writing

 Accuracy
 Clarity
 Efficiency
 Precision
Accuracy is the chief requirement of a writer for the mass media. This is not just a journalist’s
requirement. All writers are expected to present information accurately and to take some pains in doing
so. Many of the procedures for writing for the mass media are set up to ensure accuracy.
Clarity means that you should present your information using commonly understood words and
phrases and in a context so that it can be easily understood by a mass audience. Your writing should
answer all of the questions that could be expected by the audience. (Not all of the questions that could
be asked, but all those that it takes to understand the information.)
Efficiency is one of the most prized writing characteristics. Efficiency means using the fewest words to
present you information accurately and clearly. Efficiency is difficult to achieve because
* most of us write inefficiently, especially on first draft
* most of use do not do a good job in editing our writing
* the world is filled with inefficient writing, and we often fall victim to it.
Precision means that as a writer, you take special care with the language. You know good grammar and
practice it. You use words for precisely what they mean. You develop a love for the language.
How do we learn to exhibit these characteristics in our writing?
First, we pay attention to the basics.

The world in which we report and write
The major fact about journalism these days in the development of digital media. The environment in
which journalism is practiced and produced is changing radically from what it was five or 10 years ago.
This change may not be as apparent to you as it is to those who are 30 years old and older, but it is
palpable and important.
So how do we understand this change?
One way is by comparing the web (and its mobile descendents) to what is now termed the traditional
media (newspapers, magazines, radio and television, etc.). Here are some of the characteristics of the
web as a news medium that we must understand:
 Capacity The web can handle more material than either print or broadcast.
 Flexibility The web is a platform for a variety of forms – text, audio, photos, audio and video –
and journalists must decide what form to use to present their information.
 Immediacy The web is an immediate medium; information can be posted immediately, even as
events are in progress, and journalists must learn how to do this.
 Permanence Nothing on the web need be lost, and everything that is on the web is retrievable
and easily duplicated.
 Interactivity Readers, users, and other journalists can contribute to the coverage of a topic or
event;
 Linkage Journalists tap the power of the web when they learn how to link their content to other
information.
 Mobility Cellphones and hand-held devices are the medium of choice for many news
consumers; journalists who want to communicate with them have to understand the nature of this
mobility.
EXAMPLE:
CHENNAI: The Rs 45,000 crore HCL group will be investing around $1 billion in Tamil Nadu over
the next five years and is also going into robotics and artificial intelligence, said a top official.
Speaking at the Global Investors Meet organized by Tamil Nadu government here, Shiv Nadar, HCL
group chairman said, "The group has till date invested around Rs 6,000 crore in Tamil Nadu. Going
forward we will be allocating $1 billion for investment in Tamil Nadu over the next five years."
He said HCL will spread its operations in Madurai and Tirunelvelli districts while expanding its
operations in Coimbatore.
Nadar, who started his speech in Tamil, said Tamil Nadu is important for the HCL group as around
35,000 employees out of total 110,000 are in the state. The group has operations in Chennai and
Coimbatore. Nadar also said the group would train around 20,000 youth to make them job ready.

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You Choose, We Do it

St. JOSEPH’S COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Year / Sem: 3/5 Branch: EIE

Roll No: ---------------- Reg.No: ---------------------

Name of the Lab Incharge: Reg No:

GE 6674 COMMUNICATION SKILLS LABORATORY

(Common to all branches of B.E / B.Tech Programmes)

I. PC based session (Weightage 40%) 24 periods

A. English Language Lab (18 Periods)

1. Listening Comprehension: (6)

B. Viewing and discussing audio-visual materials (6 periods)

5. Interview Skills: (1)

II. Practice Session (Weightage – 60%) 24 periods

GE2321 COMMUNICATION SKILLS LABORATORY

(ii) General Topic (2Nos)

2 2 Resume Writing (With Covering Letter)

II 3 2 Interview Skills and Mock Interview

4 2 Describing Charts andTables

Writing for Media on current events

Ex.No: 1(A) TECHNICAL TOPIC

a human analyst by collecting a print sample and comparing it to other samples

definition, a line running perpendicular to the ridges will be made up of

Sculpture in stone survives far better than works of art in perishable

from 1968 to 1971 he produced a torrent of paintings and hundreds of copperplate

RESUME WRITING Date:

Ex.No: 3(A) FRESHERS RESUME WITH COVERING LETTER

5 th, April 2018.

Ex.No: 3(B) Date:

EXPERIENCE RESUME WITH COVERING LETTER

With reference to your advertisement in “THE HINDU” dated on 25 th March 2018, I

Key Responsibilities Handled-

- Presenting the plan in front of seniors.

Ex.No: 4 MOCK INTERVIEW Date:

1.Tell me about your self

2.What are your strength

3. Which adjective would you use to describe yourself?

4.What do you know about our company?

5.Why do you want to work for us?

6.Why should I hire you?

7.What makes you want to work hard?

8.What type of work environment do you like best?

9.Where do you see yourself five years from now?

10. Explain how you overcame a major obstacle.

Ex.No: 5 GROUP DISCUSSION Date:

ii. Body of the group discussion

iii. Summarisation/ Conclusion

Let's stress on the initiation and summarisation:

Initiating a GD is a high profit-high loss strategy.

Quotes are an effective way of initiating a GD.

Start a GD by defining the topic or an important term in the topic.

Asking a question is an impactful way of starting a GD.

Questions that promote a flow of ideas are always appreciated.

Facts, figures and statistics:

Stating wrong facts works to your disadvantage.

Use a short story in a GD topic like, Attitude is Everything.

Use a general statement to put the GD in proper perspective.

Keep the following points in mind while summarising a discussion:

SAMPLE GROUP DISCUSSION TOPICS