This document provides example problems for acid-base titrations. It includes 15 multi-step problems involving conversions between moles, equivalents, molarity and normality for various acids and bases. The problems cover concepts like equivalent weight, percent composition, and calculating unknown concentrations.
This document provides example problems for acid-base titrations. It includes 15 multi-step problems involving conversions between moles, equivalents, molarity and normality for various acids and bases. The problems cover concepts like equivalent weight, percent composition, and calculating unknown concentrations.
This document provides example problems for acid-base titrations. It includes 15 multi-step problems involving conversions between moles, equivalents, molarity and normality for various acids and bases. The problems cover concepts like equivalent weight, percent composition, and calculating unknown concentrations.
This document provides example problems for acid-base titrations. It includes 15 multi-step problems involving conversions between moles, equivalents, molarity and normality for various acids and bases. The problems cover concepts like equivalent weight, percent composition, and calculating unknown concentrations.
1. Convert the following to equivalents. a. 0.12 mol H2SO4 for H2SO4 with 2 acidic protons (H+), 1 mol = 2 eq 0.12 mol x (2 eq/1 mol) = 0.12 eq 0.12 mol = 0.24 eq
b. 0.34 mol NaHCO3 for NaHCO3 which can accept one proton, 1 mol = 1 eq 0.34 mol = 0.34 eq
c. 0.56 mol Cr(OH)3 for Cr(OH)3 which can react with 3 protons, 1 mol = 3 eq 0.56 mol = 1.7 eq
2. Convert the following to moles. a. 0.98 eq H2S for H2S which has 2 acidic H+, 1 mol = 2 eq 0.98 eq x (1 mol/2 eq) = 0.48 eq 0.98 eq = 0.48 mol b. 0.763 eq CH3COOH acetic acid has one acidic proton (on the end) so 1 mol = 1 eq 0.763 eq = 0.763 mol c. 0.5647 eq Ba(OH)2 barium hydroxide reacts with 2 protons, 1 mol = 2 eq 0.5647 eq = 0.2824 mol
3. Convert the following to normality. a. 0.54 M NH3 1 mol = 1 eq 0.54 mol/L x (1 eq/1mol) = 0.54 eq/L 0.54 M = 0.54 N b. 0.43 M H2C2O4 1 mol = 2 eq 0.43 M = 0.86 N c. 0.32 M H3AsO4 1 mol = 3 eq 0.32 M = 0.96 N
4. Convert the following to molarity. a. 0.211 N CH3NH2 1 mol = 1 eq 0.211 eq/L x (1 mol/1 eq) = 0.211 mol/L 0.211 N = 0.211 M b. 0.1951 N Ca(OH)2 1 mol = 2 eq 0.1951 N = 0.09755 M c. 0.334 N C6H5COOH 1 mol = 1 eq 0.344 N = 0.344 M
5. What is the equivalent weight of each of the following substances? a. NH3 Molar mass = 14.01 + 3(1.01) = 17.04 g/mol For ammonia, 1 mol = 1 eq 17.04 g/mol x (1 mol/1 eq) = 17.04 g/eq b. Ca(OH)2 molar mass = 40.08 + 2(16.00 + 1.01) = 74.10 g/mol for calcium hydroxide, 1 mol = 2 eq 74.10 g/mol x (1 mol/2 eq) = 37.05 g/eq c. H3AsO4 molar mass = 3(1.01) + 74.92 + 4(16.00) = 141.95 g/mol for arsenic acid, 1 mol = 3 eq 141.95 g/mol x (1 mol/3 eq) = 47.32 g/eq d. H2S molar mass = 2(1.01) + 32.07 = 34.09 g/mol for hydrosulfuric acid, 1 mol = 2 eq 34.09 g/mol x (1 mol/2 eq) = 17.04 g/eq
6. How many milliliters of 0.341 N H2SO4 are required to react with 30.0 mL of 0.333 N Cr(OH)3? NaVa = NbVb (0.341 N)V = (0.333 N)(30.0 mL) V = 29.3 mL
7. What is the normality of a solution of unknown base if 23.45 mL of 0.1236 N HCl are required to neutralize 33.5 mL of it? NaVa = NbVb (0.1236 N)(23.45 mL) = N(33.50 mL) [base] = 0.08652 N
8. To standardize a solution of HCl, 0.1423 g of Na2CO3 (eq wt = 53.00) was dissolved in 50 mL of water and titrated with 27.82 mL of HCl. What is the normality of the HCl(aq)?
N = eq/L 27.82 mL x (1 L/1000 mL) = 0.02782 L HCl 0.1423 g Na2CO3 x (1 eq/53.00 g) x (1 eq acid/1 eq base) = 0.002684 eq [HCl] = 0.002684 eq/0.02782 L = 0.09651 N
9. To standardize a solution of NaOH, 0.5531 g of KHP (eq wt = 204.23) was dissolved in 50 mL of water. This solution required 31.11 mL of NaOH(aq) for neutralization. What is the normality of the NaOH(aq)?
[NaOH] = eq/L 31.11 mL x (1 L/1000 mL) = 0.03111 L NaOH 0.5531 g KHP x (1 eq/204.23 g) x (1 eq base/1 eq acid) = 0.002708 eq [NaOH] = 0.002708 eq/0.03111 L = 0.08705 N NaOH
10. A 0.9932 g sample of limestone was titrated with 15.67 mL of 0.113 N HCl, what is the percent of calcium carbonate in the sample?
%CaCO3 = (g CaCO3/g limestone) x 100 g limestone = 0.9932 g Eq wt CaCO3 = 100.09 g/mol x (1 mol/2 eq) = 50.04 g/eq 15.67 mL HCl x (1 L/1000 mL) x (0.113 eq/1 L) x (1 eq CaCO3/1 eq HCl) x (2 mol/1 eq) x (100.09 g/1 mol) = 0.0886 g Or 15.67 mL HCl x (1 L/1000 mL) x (0.113 eq/1 L) x (1 eq CaCO3/1 eq HCl) x (50.04 g/1 eq) = 0.0886 g %CaCO3 = 0.0886 g/0.9932 g x 100 = 8.92%
11. 27.44 mL of 0.222 N Ba(OH)2 was required to neutralize all the benzoic acid (C6H5COOH) in a 1.224 g sample of organic material. What was the percent benzoic acid in the sample?
BA = benzoic acid % BA = (g BA/g sample) x 100 g sample = 1.224 g Eq wt BA = 122.13 g/mol x (1 mol/1 eq) = 122.13 g/eq 27.44 mL Ba(OH)2 x (1 L/1000 mL) x (0.222 eq/1 L) x (1 eq BA/1 eq Ba(OH)2) x (122.13 g/1 eq) = 0.744 g BA % BA = (0.744 g/1.224g ) x 100 = 60.8%
12. The citric acid in a 0.541 g vitamin tablet was dissolved in 20.00 mL of 1.021 N NaOH. The excess base was titrated with 9.21 mL of 0.223 N HCl. How many mg of citric acid (eq wt = 64.0) was in the vitamin tablet?
CA = citric acid Original amount of base = (0.02000 L)(1.021 eq/L) = 0.02042 eq base Excess base = 9.21 mL HCl x (1 L/1000 mL) x (0.223 eq/1L) x (1 eq base/1 eq acid) = 0.00205 eq Base that reacted with CA = 0.02042 – 0.00205 = 0.01837 eq 0.01837 eq x (64.0 g/eq) x ( 1000 mg/1 g) = 1175 mg = 1.18 x 103 mg
13. A 1.113 g sample of antacid was dissolved in 50.00 mL of 0.555 N HCl. The excess HCl was titrated with 10.2 mL of 0.033 N NaOH. What is the power of the antacid in meq/g?
Original equivalents of acid = (0.05000 L)(0.555 eq/L) = 0.0278 eq Excess acid = 10.2 mL NaOH x (1 L/1000 mL) x (0.033 eq/L) x (1 eq acid/1 eq base) = 0.00034 eq Acid consumed = 0.0278 eq – 0.000336 eq = 0.0274 eq x (1000 meq/1 eq) = 27.4 meq Power = 27.4 meq/1.113 g = 24.6 meq/g
14. A 0.1298 g sample of pure acid was titrated with 42.11 mL of 0.1234 N NaOH. What is the equivalent weight of the acid?
Equivalent weight = grams per equivalent grams acid = 0.1298 42.11 mL NaOH x (1 L/1000 mL) x (0.1234 eq/L) x (1 eq acid/1 eq base) = 0.005196 eq Eq wt = 0.1298 g/0.005196 eq = 24.98 g/eq
15. A 0.3349 g sample of pure base was titrated with 33.33 mL of 0.1673 N H2SO4. What is the equivalent weight of the base?
Equivalent weight = grams per equivalent grams base = 0.3349 33.33 mL x (1 L/1000 mL) x (0.1673 eq/L) x (1 eq base/1 eq acid) = 0.005576 eq Eq wt = 0.3349 g/0.005576 eq = 60.06 g/eq
Redox Titrations Refer to the following half‐reactions, as needed, to answer the questions below about redox reactions. 5 e‐ + MnO4‐ + 8 H+ → Mn2+ + 4 H2O 3 e‐ + MnO4‐ + 2 H2O → MnO2 + 4 OH‐ 12 H+ + 8 e‐ + 3 IO3‐ → I3‐ + 6 H2O I3‐ + 2 e‐ → 3 I‐ ‐ ‐ F2 + 2 e → 2 F NO3‐ + 4 H+ + 3 e‐ → NO + 2 H2O Zn2+ + 2 e‐ → Zn Fe3+ + e‐ → Fe2+
1. Convert the following to equivalents. a. 0.222 mol IO3‐ using stoichiometric coefficients in half‐rxn above, 3 mol IO3‐ = 8 eq electrons 0.222 mol x (8 eq/3 mol) = 0.592 eq b. 0.045 mol Fe2+ using stoichiometric coefficients in half‐rxn above, 1 mol = 1 eq 0.045 mol x (1 eq/1 mol) = 0.045 eq c. 0.31 mol I‐ using stoichiometric coefficients in half‐rxn above, 3 mol = 2 eq 0.31 mol x (2 eq/3 mol) = 0.21 eq
2. Convert the following to moles. a. 0.55 eq MnO4‐ (acidic conditions) using stoichiometric coefficients in half‐rxn above, 1 mol = 5 eq 0.55 eq x (1 mol/5 eq) = 0.11 mol b. 0.0781 eq Zn using stoichiometric coefficients in half‐rxn above, 1 mol = 2 eq 0.0781 eq x (1 mol/2 eq) = 0.0390 mol c. 0.211 eq IO3‐ using stoichiometric coefficients in half‐rxn above, 3 mol = 8 eq 0.211 eq x (3 mol/8 eq) = 0.0791 mol
3. Convert the following to normality. a. 0.101 M Fe2+ using stoichiometric coefficients in half‐rxn above, 1 mol = 1 eq 0.101 mol/L x (1 eq/1mol) = 0.101 N b. 0.0056 M MnO4‐ (basic conditions) using stoichiometric coefficients in half‐rxn above, 1 mol = 3 eq 0.0056 mol/L x (3 eq/1 mol) = 0.017 N c. 0.207 M I3‐ using stoichiometric coefficients in half‐rxn above, 1 mol = 2 eq 0.207 mol/L x (2 eq/1 mol) = 0.414 N
4. Convert the following to molarity. a. 0.440 N Mn2+ using stoichiometric coefficients in half‐rxn above, 1 mol = 5 eq 0.440 eq/L x (1 mol/5 eq) = 0.0880 M b. 1.03 N IO3‐ using stoichiometric coefficients in half‐rxn above, 3 mol = 8 eq 1.03 eq/L x (3 mol/8 eq) = 0.386 M c. 0.224 N NO3‐ using stoichiometric coefficients in half‐rxn above, 1 mol = 3 eq 0.244 eq/L x (1 mol/3 eq) = 0.0813 M
5. How many milliliters of 0.134 N permanganate ion is needed to titrate 25.00 mL of 0.223 N iron(II) ion?
NV = NV (0.134 N)V = (0.223 N)(25.00 mL) V = 41.6 mL
6. What is the normality of an iodate solution if 35.44 mL of 0.0111 N thiosulfate is required to titrate 30.00 mL of the iodate solution?
7. How many grams of zinc metal are needed to reduce 25.00 mL of 0.123 N nitric acid?
25.00 mL x (1 L/1000 mL) x (0.123 eq/L) x (1 eq Zn/1 eq HNO3) x (1 mol Zn/2 eq) x (65.39 g/1 mol) = 0.101 g
8. What is the percent of iron in a 1.2299 g sample that requires 14.35 mL of 0.075 N acidic permanganate to titrate it from iron (II) to iron(III)?
%Fe = (g Fe/g sample) x 100 g sample = 1.2299 14.35 mL x (1 L/1000 mL) x (0.075 eq MnO4‐/L) x (1 eq Fe/1 eq MnO4‐) x (1 eq/1 mol) x (55.845 g/1 mol) = 0.060 g Fe % Fe = (0.060 g/ 1.2299 g) x 100 = 4.8%
9. What is the normality of a basic solution of permanganate ion if 15.00 mL of the solution requires 16.43 mL of 0.143 N oxalate ion for a complete reaction?
N = eq/L 15.00 mL x (1 L/1000 mL) = 0.01500 L 16.43 mL x (1 L/1000 mL) x (0.143 eq/L) x (1 eq MnO4‐/1 eq C2O42‐) = 0.00235 eq [MnO4‐] = 0.00235 eq/0.01500 L = 0.157 N
10. What is the normality of a solution of copper(II) ion that requires 21.33 mL of 0.236 N silver nitrate to titrate 25.00 mL of the copper solution?
N = eq/L 25.00 mL x (1 L/1000 mL) = 0.02500 L 21.33 mL x (1 L/1000 mL) x (0.236 eq/L) x (1 eq Cu/1 eq Ag) = 0.00503 eq [Cu2+] = 0.00503 eq/0.02500 l = 0.201 N
