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The document discusses nitrogen injection-based explosion prevention and fire extinguishing systems for transformers. It provides an overview of relevant standards and guidelines from organizations like CIGRE, NFPA, and IEEMA. The document then describes the working of nitrogen injection systems, including their auto prevention, extinguishing, and manual modes. Case studies are presented where such systems successfully operated during fires at 220kV substations in India. System components like the fire extinguishing cubicle, control boxes, and fire detectors are illustrated. Finally, installation examples from various countries are shown and some major customers of these systems are listed.

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Sofyan Andika Yusuf
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717 views34 pages

Sh. Bhardwaj CTR PDF

The document discusses nitrogen injection-based explosion prevention and fire extinguishing systems for transformers. It provides an overview of relevant standards and guidelines from organizations like CIGRE, NFPA, and IEEMA. The document then describes the working of nitrogen injection systems, including their auto prevention, extinguishing, and manual modes. Case studies are presented where such systems successfully operated during fires at 220kV substations in India. System components like the fire extinguishing cubicle, control boxes, and fire detectors are illustrated. Finally, installation examples from various countries are shown and some major customers of these systems are listed.

Uploaded by

Sofyan Andika Yusuf
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Two Decades Experience on Nitrogen Injection

based Explosion Prevention and Fire Extinguishing


System

Conference on
‘Advances &
Innovations in Sub-
station' 25-26 July
2019 at Delhi

By:
A. H. Bhardwaj
Two Decades Experience on Nitrogen Injection based
Explosion Prevention and Fire Extinguishing System

• CIGRE 537, GUIDE FOR TRANSFORMER FIRE SAFETY PRACTICES


A2.33 PUBLISHED IN JUNE 2013.

• NFPA 70/ NFPA 850/ NFPA 851

• POWER TRANSFORMER STANDARDIZATION MANUAL OF IEEMA


(INDIAN ELECTRICAL AND ELECRONICS MANUFACTURERS
ASSOCIATION)\.

• MANUAL OF TRANSFORMER BY CBIP (CENTRAL BOARD OF


IRRIGATION AND POWER)

23
Two Decades Experience on Nitrogen Injection based
Explosion Prevention and Fire Extinguishing System

Explosion Or Explosive Failure Is A Technical Term Often


Used In Connection With Transformer Failure, Resulting
From A Pressure Build Up From Short Circuit /Arcing
Causing Rupture Of Bushing Porcelain, A Cable Box , A
Tapchanger Or The Transformer Tank.
Two Decades Experience on Nitrogen Injection based
Explosion Prevention and Fire Extinguishing System

23
Two Decades Experience on Nitrogen Injection based
Explosion Prevention and Fire Extinguishing System

Technologies Available world wide:


 Rupture Disc Technology

 Differential Based Technology

 ARC Sensor based Technology

 High velocity water spray system Technology


Two Decades Experience on Nitrogen Injection based
Explosion Prevention and Fire Extinguishing System

23
Two Decades Experience on Nitrogen Injection based
Explosion Prevention and Fire Extinguishing System

IF WE SUMMARISED THE CONCEPT USING MULTIPLE RUPTURE DISCS,


IT IS OBSERVED THAT 8 RUPTURE DISCS ARE REQUIRED TO
REDUCED 30% OF THE PEAK PRESSURE:

23
Two Decades Experience on Nitrogen Injection based
Explosion Prevention and Fire Extinguishing System

23
Two Decades Experience on Nitrogen Injection based
Explosion Prevention and Fire Extinguishing System

NFPA 850 2015 Edition:

23
Two Decades Experience on Nitrogen Injection based
Explosion Prevention and Fire Extinguishing System

 Transformer is the origin of the fire : Where a transformer may


catch fire, i. e. causing the fire.

 Transformer as a Fire Victim : The transformer can become a


victim to a fire started elsewhere. If an external fire is given sufficient
time to heat up the transformer liquid so much that the liquid is
spilled over via the conservator, then the external fire will be
strengthened if the transformer is oil filled or contains other
combustible liquid.

23 SOURCE : CIGRE 537 GUIDE FOR TRANSFORMER FIRE SAFETY PRACTICES


NFPA 850-2015 EDITION GUIDELINES REGARDING OUTDOOR
OIL INSULATED TRANSFORMER:

Guideline and recommended practices to be followed to avoid:


SYSTEM LAYOUT
TRANSFORMER TANK AND OLTC
SYSTEM FOR TRANSFORMER TANK AND OIL FILLED
CABLE BOXES
Features:

 Auto Prevention Mode:

 Auto Extinguishing Mode

 Remote manual Mode

 Local manual Mode


Performance of Fire Protection:

Recent Incident of System


operation

System operated at 220kv Sub-


station Patpargunj DTL.

System operated at 220kv GSS


Mehrauli.
SYSTEM COMPRISES OF

Cubicle

Control Box
Control
Box

Signal box Transformer Fire Detectors


Conservator
Isolation Valve
Inner view of
Fire
Extinguishing
Cubicle (FEC)
CONTROL BOXES
TRANSFORMER CONSERVATOR ISOLATION
VALVE
FIRE DETECTOR
60MVA INDONESIA
•
INSTALLATION IN MALAYSIA

•
INSTALLATION IN MALAYSIA

•
INSTALLATION IN MALAYSIA

•
INSTALLATION IN MALAYSIA

•
INSTALLATION IN PERU
•
INSTALLATION IN SYRIA
•
INSTALLATION ON GT IN
VENEZUELA
•
INSTALLATION IN SYRIA
INSTALLATION IN ECUADOR
SOME MAJOR CUSTOMERS
Thank you
Ashish Bhardwaj
9982741872
CTR Mfg Ind Ltd

[email protected]

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