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Pressure Distribution On A Cylinder

The document describes an experiment to determine the pressure distribution on a circular cylinder and calculate the pressure coefficient (Cp). Key points: 1) Theoretical Cp is calculated based on the static pressure, velocity, and angle around the cylinder. 2) The experiment measures pressure at various angles and calculates experimental Cp to compare to theoretical values. 3) The graphs of experimental and theoretical Cp vs angle are similar for small angles but differ at around 90 degrees, where the theoretical graph flattens out.

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Saahil Sankar B
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205 views7 pages

Pressure Distribution On A Cylinder

The document describes an experiment to determine the pressure distribution on a circular cylinder and calculate the pressure coefficient (Cp). Key points: 1) Theoretical Cp is calculated based on the static pressure, velocity, and angle around the cylinder. 2) The experiment measures pressure at various angles and calculates experimental Cp to compare to theoretical values. 3) The graphs of experimental and theoretical Cp vs angle are similar for small angles but differ at around 90 degrees, where the theoretical graph flattens out.

Uploaded by

Saahil Sankar B
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION ON A CYLINDER

CODE: D ME18B070

AIM:
To determine the pressure distribution on a circular cylinder and calculate the
pressure coefficient.

DIAGRAM:

THEORY:
Fluid flow patterns (at very low Reynolds numbers) past a blunt body, such as
circular cylinder resembles an ideal fluid (inviscid, incompressible). The
potential flow solution to this problem results in a relation between coefficient
of pressure cp, pressure on the surface of cylinder pc, static pressure p∞ and
velocity of the fluid u∞ which is given by:
𝑝𝑐 − 𝑝∞
𝑐𝑝 = = 1 − 4𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃
1 2
𝜌𝑢
2 ∞
The drag force calculated by this potential flow solution comes out to be zero
and is known as d'Alembert's paradox. This paradox arises because viscous
influences are neglected. The presence of the fluid viscosity slows down the
fluid particles very close to the solid surface and forms a thin slow-moving fluid
layer called a boundary layer.
If the pressure is increasing in the direction of the flow, an adverse pressure
gradient is said to exist. In addition to the presence of a strong viscous force,
the fluid particles now have to move against the increasing pressure force.
Therefore, the fluid particles could be stopped or reversed, causing the
neighbouring particles to move away from the surface. This phenomenon is
called the boundary layer separation.
At higher Reynolds numbers, the boundary layer remains laminar and
symmetrical (about axis of the cylinder parallel to the flow direction) up to the
separation points. Beyond the point of separation, the boundary layer
separates and eddies are formed.
If the Mach number of the flow is greater than 0.3, then the flow is
incompressible flow.
DERIVATION:
PROCEDURE:
1. Note down the value of the pressure at point 1 which is p infinity .
2. Change the angle of the Prandtl manometer in steps of 10 degrees from
0 degree to 180 degree as it repeats the values after that. That is, it is
symmetric.
3. Calculate the value of the cp experimental and note down in the tabular
column
4. Calculate the value of the cp experimental and note down in the tabular
column
TABLE:
P∞=302 Pa
θ(degrees) Pc(Pa) Cp(experimental) Cp(theoretical)
0 76 1 1
10 95 0.916 0.8793
20 154 0.655 0.532
30 244 0.257 0
40 354 -0.23 -0.652
50 464 -0.717 -1.347
60 553 -1.11 -2
70 600 -1.318 -2.532
80 575 -1.208 -2.879
90 564 -1.159 -3
100 563 -1.155 -2.879
110 567 -1.172 -2.532
120 574 -1.203 -2
130 580 -1.23 -1.347
140 588 -1.265 -0.652
150 599 -1.314 0
160 597 -1.305 0.532
170 596 -1.301 0.8793
180 598 -1.31 1
GRAPH:

Conclusion:
The graph of experimental cp and θ and the graph between theoretical cp and θ
are similar for small values of theta. The first graph is periodic whereas the
second one becomes flatter at around 90 degrees.

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