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GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
B.E. – 1st Year (E, E & EL, EC, IC, IT, CE, & BM)
HT 101 Mathematics - I
Subject Code Teaching Examination Scheme

Scheme
Theory Lab/ Exam Theory Theory Pract/ TW Total
Pract Paper Marks Oral
Mathematics - I HT 101 03 -- Sessional 1.5 Hrs 50 -- -- 150
University 4 Hrs 100
1. Differential Calculus: Successive Differentiation: Leibnitz Theorem, Taylor’s And

Maclaurin’s Expansions, Indeterminate Forms.
2. Partial Differentiation : Partial and total differential coefficients, Euler's theorem on
homogeneous functions, Jacobians, errors and approximations, maxima and minima Of
functions of two variables, Lagrange's method of undetermined multipliers to
determine stationary values
3. Tracing of Curves: Important points to trace simple curves in cartesian, polar &
parametric equations. Study of important curves such as Cissoid, Strophoid, Folium of
Descartes, Witch of Agnesi, Catenary, Cardioid, Lemniscate & Cycloid.
4. Integral Calculus: Reduction Formulae for following integrals
2 2 2 4 2
sin n x dx, cos n x dx, sin m x cos n x dx, tan n x dx and cot n x dx.
0 0 0 0
4
Beta & Gamma functions, Error Functions & Elliptic integrals. Applications of
Integration to Area of a Bounded Region, Length of the arc of curve, Volume of
revolution about axes for Cartesian, Parametric and Polar Curves.
5. Multiple Integrals: Introduction to double & triple integrals, evaluation of double
integrals in cartesian and polar co-ordinate systems over a given region, change of order
of Integration, Transformation of double integrals from cartesian to polar co-ordinate
system, Evaluation of triple integrals, Applications of double Integration to evaluate
area, mass & Volumes of solids.
6. Complex Numbers: DeMoivre's theorem and Its applications, exponential, circular &
hyperbolic functions of complex variables, relations between them, Inverse hyperbolic
and logarithmic functions of complex variable
7. Infinite Series : Definition of convergence & divergence of an infinite series, Tests of
convergence of series of positive terms such as integral test, comparison test, ratio test
and root test, Leibnitz's rule for alternating series.
8. Matrix Algebra: Elementary row & column operations on matrices, Inverse by
elementary transformation. Rank of a matrix, Normal form of a matrix, Consistency of
system of simultaneous linear equations, Solution of homogenous & non homogenous
system of linear equations. Linearly dependent & independent Vectors, eigen values &
eigen vectors of a square matrix.
9. Ordinary differential equations and mathematical modeling: Linear & Exact
differential equations & reducible to them. Modeling of simple engineering systems
leading to first order linear differential equations, Orthogonal trajectories of Cartesian
& polar curves
Reference Books:
1. Erwin Kreyszig : Advanced Engineering Mathematics (8th Edition)
Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.
2. Dr. K.R. Kachot : Higher Engineering Mathematics, Vol-I
Mahajan Publishers, Ahmedabad.
3. Dr. Tuptiben A. Desai : Higher Engineering Mathematics
& Prin. G.C. Patel Atul Prakashan, Ahmedabad.
4. Dr. B.S. Grewal : Higher Engineering Mathematics
Khanna Publishers, New Delhi.
5. Dr. B.S. Grewal : Elementary Engineering Mathematics
6. N.P. Bali, Ashok Saxena : A Text book on Engineering Mathematics
& Iyengar Laxmi Publications (P) Ltd., New Delhi.
7. H.K. Dass : Advanced Engineering Mathematics
S. Chand & Co. (Pvt.) Ltd., New Delhi.
8. G.V. Kumbhojkar : Engineering Mathematics – Vol. I,II,III, IV
C. Jamnadas & Co. Bombay.
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
B.E. – 1st Year (E, E & EL, EC, IC, IT, CE & BM)
HT 102 Communication Skills

Scheme
Theory Lab/ Exam Theory Theory Pract TW Total
Pract Paper Marks
Communication HT 102 -- 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs -- 25 25 50
Skills University 3 Hrs --
Course Content:
1. Language as skill of communication.
2. Phonetics.
3. Nature of technical communication: Channels of communication, Aspects of technical
communication, Forms of technical communication, Technical communication skills
(Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing), Barriers to effective communication.
4. Professional Writing: Routine business letters, Sales letters., Resumes and Job
applications ,Business memos., E-mail messages., Reports.
5. Speaking Strategies: The speech process, Types of conversation, Strategies for good
conversation, Improving fluency and self, Expression, Body language, Eye contact,
Facial expression, Gestures.
6. Summarizing and Paraphrasing: Reading strategy, Summarizing techniques, Outlining
and paraphrasing.
7. Presentation skills: Nature and importance of oral presentation, Planning the
presentation, Preparing the presentation, Organizing your presentation, Improving
delivery.
Reference Books:
1. Effective Technical Communication By M. Ashraf Rizvi
2. Developing communication skills. By Krishna Mohan and Meera banerji.
3. Professional communication skills. By P.S.R. Bhatia and A. M. Sheikh
4. Effective Technical Communication By M. Ashraf Rizvi
5. Developing communication skills. By Krishna Mohan and Meera banerji.
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
HT 103 Mechanics of Solids

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Mechanics of HT 103 02 01 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 50 25 25 200
Solids University 3 Hrs 100
Course Content:
1. Introduction: Scaler and Vector Quantities, composition and resolution of vectors,
definition and units of space, time, metal, force, the science of mechanics, SI Units.
2. Statics: Principles of statics, particle, rigid body, coplanar, concurrent and non-
concurrent parallel and non-parallel forces, composition and resolution of forces,
moment, couples and their properties, combination of coplanar couples and forces,
equilibrant, equilibrium, free body diagrams, analytical and graphical conditions of
equilibrium for coplanar force systems.
3. Truss: Simple planar trusses and analysis for member forces, methods of joints and
methods of sections
4. Distributed forces, centre of gravity and moment of inertia: Centre of gravity of lines,
plane areas, volumes and bodies, Pappus-Guldinus Theorem, Moment of Inertia of
Areas, polar moment of inertia, radius of gyration, parallel axes theorem, moment of
inertia of bodies
5. Friction: Theory of friction, static and sliding friction, laws of friction, angle and co-
efficient of friction, inclined plane friction, glider friction, wedges, belt and rope
friction.
6. Strength and elasticity: Stresses: axial, normal, in-plane, tensile, compressive, shear,
flexural, thermal and hoop, complementary shear.
7. Strain: Linear, shear, lateral, Thermal and volumetric, Poisson’s ratio
8. Elasticity: Elastic, homogeneous, isotropic materials; limits of elasticity and
proportionality, yield limit, ultimate strength, plastic state, proof stress, factor of
safety, working stress, load factor, section of composite materials, prismatic and non-
prismatic sections
9. Bending Moment and Shear Force: Types of load, beams and supports, bending
moment and shear force diagrams in statistically determinate beams subjected to
concentrated, uniformly distributed loading, relation between bending moment, shear
force and rate of loading, point of contra flexure.
10. Stress in Beams: Theory of simple bending, bending stresses and their distribution,
moment of resistance, modules of sections, distribution of shear stress in different
sections.
11. Torsion: Shaft subjected to Torsion, shear stress, shear strain, angle of twist, power
transmitted by shaft.
Term Work:
At least 8 experiments based on above syllabus and solution of at least 20 problems
Reference Books:
1. Applied Mechanics by S.B.Junarkar
2. Engineering Mechanics by A.K.Tayal
3. Mechanics of structures Vol-I by S.B.Junarkar & H.J.Shah
4. Strength of Materials by Ramamurtham
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
HT 104 Fundamentals of Programming

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Fundamentals of HT 104 03 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 50 25 25 200
Programming University 3 Hrs 100
Course Content:
TOPICS OF ‘C’ LANGUAGE
1. Introduction to Programming , Program & Programming , Programming Languages,
Introduction to compiler , Linker, loader, Interpreter , Algorithm and Flowchart
Classification of programming Languages , Overview of C
2. Constants, Variables and Data types in C
3. Operators and Expressions
4. Managing Input and Output operation
5. Decision making and Branching
6. Decision making and looping
7. Arrays
8. Character Arrays and Strings
9. User defined function in C
10. Structures and Unions
11. Pointers
12. File Management in C
13. Introduction to Dynamic Memory Allocation and Linked List
-Allocation block of memory (Malloc)
-Allocation Multiple Blocks of Memory : Calloc
-Releasing the used space: free
-Altering the size of block : Realloc
-Concept of Linked list, Advantages of Linked list
-Create, Insert, Delete operations of singly linked list
TOPICS OF ‘C++’ LANGUAGE
1. Principles of object-oriented Programming , Basic concept of object-oriented
Programming , Benefits of OOP , Difference between object oriented language and
procedure oriented language
2. Introduction of C++, Class, Objects, Creating Simple program using class and object
3. Token expression and control structure
4. Classes and object in detail , Declaring class and defining member function, making
outside function inline , Nesting member function, Private member function arrays
within a class, memory allocation of objects, Static data members and Member
functions , Arrays of Objects , Object as a function argument, Friend functions,
Returning objects, const. member functions.
Term Work:
Practical and term work should be carried out based on syllabus
TEXT BOOKS
1. Programming in ANSI C – E Balagurusamy (TMH)
2. Object-Oriented Programming with C++ - E Balaguruamy (TMH)
3. Programming in C (ANSI STANDARD ) - M.T.Savaliya (Atul Publ.)
Reference Books:
1. Programming in C - Pradip Pandy & Manas Ghosh (Oxford Higher Education)
2. Understanding C(Practical Apporach) – G.S.Baluja & G.K.Baluja ( Dhanpat Rai & co)
3. Object oriented Programming in turbo C++- Robert Lafore (Galgotia)
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
HT 105 Material Science (Electrical & Electronics)

Scheme
Material HT 105 02 -- Sessional 1.5 Hrs 50 -- -- 150
Science University 3 Hrs 100
(Electrical &
Electronics)
Course Content:
1. Introduction to Engineering Materials : Atomic Structure, Atom Arrangement
in materials, Crystalline Structure of metals, Classes of Engineering Materials,
Classification of Solids from Electrical Engineering Point of View, Properties of
Engineering Materials, Electrical Engineering. Concepts
2. Dielectric & Insulating Materials: Introduction, Basic Results of field theory,
Piezoelectric, Pyroelectric and Ferro electric Materials, Ferro electric materials
and their Properties, Piezoelectricity, Dielectric Losses, Dielectric gases ,Solid
insulating Materials, inorganic Insulating Materials, Insulating Materials for
Electrical Devices, Ceramics, Glass & Plastics.
3. Magnetic Materials: Basics Results of Field Theory, Magnetic Parameters,
Classification Of Magnetic Materials, Magnetic Anisotropy, Magnetostriction,
Application of ferromagnetic materials, Magnetic Materials for Electric Devices,
Soft Magnetic Materials, Hard Magnetic materials.
4. Conductive Materials: Electrical conductivity, Conductor materials, High
Conductive, Materials, High Resistivity Materials, Superconductivity,
5. Semiconductors: Conductivity of Insulators, Metals & Semiconductors in terms
of energy bands, Junction diode, LED, junction Transistor, Silicon Controlled
Rectifier, Integrated Circuits, Semi-conducting Materials.
6. Optical Materials: Light, Introduction to optical properties, Photoelectric cells,
Materials for photo Voltaic Cells, Lasers
7. Materials for direct Energy Conversion Devices: Solar Cells, Fuel Cells.
8. Other Engineering Materials: Introduction to Nano Materials, Cement, Timber,
Natural & Artificial wood
Reference Books:
1. A course in Electrical engineering Materials by S.P. Seth and P.V. Gupta
Dhanpat Rai & Sons.
2. An Introduction to Electrical Materials by C S Indulkar & S. Thiruvengadam
S Chand
3. Material Science by Shah, Sah & Sur
Mahajan Publushing House
4. Electrical and Electronics Engg. Materials by S.K. Bhattacharya
Khanna Publishers
5. Material Science and Engg. –An introduction by William D. Callister
WILLEY India Edition
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
HT 106 Engineering Graphics

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Engineering HT 106 03 04 Sessional 2 Hrs 50 25 25 200
Graphics University 4 Hrs 100
Course Content:
PART I: PLANE GEOMETRY AND MACHINE PARTS :
1. Introduction to Engineering Graphics: Principles of projection lines and
dimensioning. B.I.S. code of practice (SP 46) Scale, representative fraction, plane
scale, diagonal scale, Vernier scale and scale of chords.
2. Engineering Curves: Classification of engineering curves. Construction of
conics, cycloidal curves, involute and spiral.
3. Loci of Points : Simple mechanism like slider crank mechanism four bar
chain mechanism etc
4. Fastening and Connecting Methods : Screw threads, bolts, nut, stud, locking
devices, simple riveted and welded joints, pipe fitting, couplings, cotter joints,
pin joints.
5. Electrical, electronics, chemical and pipe drawing, Basic notation and symbols for
simple flow diagram.
PART II: SOLID GEOMETRY :
1. Introduction to Projection of Point, Line and Plane:
Projection of line inclined to both planes and simple cases. True length of straight
line and its inclination with reference planes (traces are not included). Projections
of perpendicular and oblique planes.
2. Introduction to Projection of Solids, Section of Solids and Interpenetration of
Solids:
Classification of solids. Projection of right and regular solids with their axis
inclined to both planes. Projection of sphere. Section of pyramid, cone, prism and
cylinder. Method of determining line of intersection and curve of intersection.
Intersection of prism-prism, cone-cylinder, cylinder-cylinder, cylinder-cone,
cylinder-prism.
3. Development of Surfaces:
Parallel line development, Radial line development. Development of sphere by
zone method and Lune method.
PART III: ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS :
1. Orthographic Projection : Conversion of pictorial views into orthographic
views, type of sections (full, half, offset, broken, removed, revolved) Section
views, orthographic reading, missing views and missing line problems.
2. Isometric View: Conversion of orthographic views into isometric views.
3. Introduction to Computer Aided Drafting:
Advantages of CAD, elements of CAD, components of computer, input and output
devices, types of software, basic functions, drafting software.
PART IV: CIVIL ENGINEERING DRAWING:
1. Plan Elevation, Section and Foundation Plan of a Residential, Public Bldg.,
Industrial Buildings.
2. Typical Layout of Residential, Public and Industrial Buildings.
3. Drawing Of Building Details Such As Roofs & Roof Trusses Column footings
4. Simple Machine Foundations
5. Typical Wall Sections (For 20 Cm, 30 Cm, 40 Cm Thick Wall) Through Door,
Window, Steps, Etc.
6. RCC Lintel With Chhajjas
7. Floors
8. Abbreviation And Symbols Of Building Items, Water Supply And Sanitary,
Electrification, Etc
9. Electric Wiring Diagrams For Residential Public And Industrial Buildings And
Domestic Appliances, Standard Electrical Symbols, Main And Distributor
Boards, Simple Earthing Etc.
Term Work:
Part 1, 2 and 3
Each Candidate Shall Submit A Set Of The Following Sheets Certified By
The Principal Of The College That They Have Been Executed In A Satisfactory
Manner In The Drawing Halls Of The College.
1 One Sheet of Engineering Curves.
2 One Sheet of Loci Of Points.
3 One Sheet of Projections Of Points, Line And Plane Surfaces.
4 One Sheet Of Orthographic View With Section (Two Problems One In 1st
Angle And Other In 3rd Angle System Of Projections).
5 One Sheet Of Reading Of Orthographic Views And Missing Lines/Missing
Views.
6 One Sheet On Projections Of Solids And Sections Of Solids.
7 One Sheet On Development Of Surfaces And Interpenetration Of Surfaces.
8 One Sheet on Isometric Projections/Views.
9 Sketch Book Containing Sketches Of Machine Parts, Electrical,
Electronics, Chemical And Pipe Drawing, Lines, Dimensioning, Scale,
Students Are Given Complete Understanding Of Bis Code Sp 46.
Part 4
1 One Sheet on Residential Building Showing Electric Wiring Diagram And
Domestic Applications Standard Electric Symbols, Main And Distribution
Boards And Simple Earthing.
2 One Sheet On Industrial Structure Layout
Reference Books:
1. Engg. Drawing Vol. I & II P. J. Shah
2. Engg. Drawing N. D. Bhatt
3. Civil Engineering Drawing Gurucharansingh
4. Civil Engineering Drawing Malik and Meo
5. Machine Drawing N.D. Bhatt
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
HT 107 Elements of Mechanical Engineering

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Elements of HT 107 02 01 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 50 25 25 200
Mechanical University 3 Hrs 100
Engineering
Course Content:
1. Introduction : Force and Mass, Pressure, Work, Power, Energy, Heat,
Temperature, Units of Heat, Specific Heat capacity, Inter change of heat, Change
of state, Mechanical equivalent of heat, Internal energy, Enthalpy, Efficiency,
Types of prime movers, Sources of Energy.
2. Fuel and combustion: Introduction, Classifications, Solid fuel, Liquid fuel, Gases
fuel, Combustion, calorific values.
3. Properties of gases: Gas law’s: Boil’s law, Charles law, Combined gas law, Gas
constant, Non-flow process, Constant volume process, constant pressure process,
Internal energy, Relations between Cp. & CV, Enthalpy, Isothermal process, Poly
Tropic process, Adiabatic process.
4. Properties of steam: Introduction, Steam formation, Enthalpy, Specific volume of
steam, Steam tables, Internal energy, Non-flow process, Throttling calorimeter,
separating calorimeter and combined calorimeter.
5. Heat engine: Thermal prime movers, Elementary of heat engine sources of heat,
Working substances, Converting machines, sink of heat, Classification of heat
engine, Heat engine cycles, Carnot cycle, Carnot cycle with vapour, Rankine
cycle, Otto cycle, Diesel cycle.
6. Steam Boilers: Introduction, Classification, Simple vertical boiler, Vertical multi
tuber boiler, Cochran type, Lancashire boiler, Locomotive boiler, Marine
Boiler(Scotch type), Babcock and Wilcock boiler, High Pressure boiler, Boiler:-
Details, Performances, Functions of different Mounting and accessories.
7. Internal combustion Engine: Introduction, Classification, Engine details, Otto
four stroke cycle, Two stroke cycle, Different between two and four stroke cycle,
Indicated Power Efficiency.
8. Speed Control: Introduction, Governors, Steam engine governing, I.C. engine
governing, Flywheel
9. Pump: Introduction, Reciprocating pump-Types & Operations, Bucket Pump, Air
chamber, Centrifugal pump and type of centrifugal pump, Priming, Rotary pump.
10. Air compressor: Introduction, Reciprocating compressor, Operation of
Compressor, Work for compression, Power Required, Reciprocating compressor
efficiency, Multi stage reciprocating compressor, Rotary compressor.
11. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning: Introduction, Refrigerant, Types of
refrigerators, Vapor compression refrigerators, Window air conditioners.
12. Transmission of motion and Power: Introduction, Methods of drive, Power
transmission Elements, Shafting, Belt, Drive, belting, pulleys, Velocity ratio of
pulleys, Power transmitted by a belt, Change drive, Friction drive, Gear drive,
Spur gear, Helical gear, Spiral gear, Bevel gear, Worm gear, Rack and Pinion,
Velocity ratio of toothed gear, train of wheels, Power transmission by earring,
Bearing classification, Bush bearing, Ball and roller bearings.
Term Work: Shall be based on the above mentioned course content.
Reference Books:
1. Elements of Mechanical Engineering- Prof.P.S.Desai & Prof. S.B.Soni,
Atul Prakashan
2. Elements of Mechanical Engineering Prof.N.M.Bhatt & Prof.J.R.Mehta
Mahajan Publishers
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
HT 108 Elements Of Electrical Engineering

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Elements of HT 108 02 01 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 50 25 25 200
Electrical University 3 Hrs 100
Engineering
Course Content:
1. D.C. Circuits:- Effect Of Temperature Upon Resistance, Solutions Of series, parallel
in brief, star-delta combination of Resistances, KVL & KCL.
2. Electrostatics & Capacitance:- Definitions of Electrostatic, types of capacitors, series,
parallel combinations & related circuit calculations in brief charging & discharging of
capacitor. Energy stored in capacitor.
3. Electromagnetics:- Magnetic Circuit , Comparison Between Electric And Magnetic
Circuits , Series/Parallel Magnetic Circuit Calculations , Magnetic Hysteresis, Hysteresis
And Eddy Current Loss, Magnetic Materials, Electromagnetic induction, Statically And
Dynamically Induced E.M.F.S in brief, Fleming's Right hand rule-Left hand rule,
Coefficients Of Self And Mutual Inductances , Coefficient Of Coupling,
Series/Parallel Combinations Of Inductances, Rise And Decay Of Current In Inductive
Circuits , Force Experienced By Current Carrying Conductor Placed In Magnetic
Field.
4. Single Phase A.C. Circuits:- Generation Of Alternating Voltages & Currents,
Their Equations, Definitions , R.M.S. And Average Values , Vector Representation Of
Alternating Quantities , Addition And Subtraction Of Vectors , Complex Algebra.,
Phasor Relations Between Voltage And Current In Each Of Resistance, Inductance And
Capacitance , A.C. Series And Parallel Circuits , Power And Power Factor , Methods Of
Circuit Solution (Analytically & Vectorially), Resonance In Series And Parallel
Circuits.
5. Polyphase Circuits:- Generation Of Polyphase Voltages , 3,Phase System , Phase
Sequence, Inter Connection Of 3 Phases , Voltage, Current And Power Relationships In
Balanced Three Phase Circuits , Power Measurement In Single Phase And 3 Phase
Circuits.
6. Batteries, Cables:- Battery, life of batteries, charging & discharging of battery.
Cables, 2, 21/2, 3 and 4 core armored & unarmored cables.
7. Electrical Wiring:- Connectors & switches, system of wiring, domestic wiring
installation, sub circuits in domestic wiring, simple control circuit in domestic installation,
industrial electrification.
8. Illumination:- Types of lamps, fixtures & reflectors, illumination schemes for domestic,
industrial & commercial premises, Lumen requirements for different categories.
9. Safety & protection:- Safety, electric shock, first aid for electric shock other hazards of
electrical laboratories & safety rules, use of multimeters, grounding, importance of
grounding, equipment of grounding for safety. Circuit protection devices, fuses, MCB,
ELCB & relays.
Term Work:
Shall Be Based on the above Syllabus
Reference Books:
I Electrical Technology Vol.1 By B.L.Theraja
II Basic Electrical Engineering By V.N.Mittal
III Electrical Estimating & costing by Surjitsingh ( Dhanpat Rai & Co.)
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
B.E. – 1st Year (E, E & EL, EC, IC, BM, CE & IT)
HT 109 Modern Workshop Practices

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Modern HT 109 -- 2 Sessional -- -- 25 25 50
Workshop University -- --
Practices
COURSE CONTENT
(ELECTRICAL WORKSHOP- E, E & EL, EC, IC, BM)

1. Construction, working and application of workshop tools.
2. Electrical and Electronics Symbols.
3. Soldering Practice Basics.
4. Wires and Cables, Their gauge and their rating.
5. Domestic Electrical Accessories.
6. Industrial Electrical Accessories.
7. House wiring.
8. Faults and Remedies in Domestic installation.
9. Use of Megger.
10. Electrical components construction, application & acceptance tests
11. Basic Electronics components, color codes, construction, application & acceptance test
12. Study of Insulators and Insulating materials
13. Application of C.R.O. for Measurements of Voltages, Frequency, Phase angle and for
component testing
14. Mini Project on P.C.B
15. Electric Shocks artificial respiration.
16. Indian Electricity rules.
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
B.E. – 2nd Year (EC) 3RD sem
EC-301 Mathematics- II

Scheme
Mathematics- II EC-301 03 -- Sessional 1.5 Hrs -- -- 100
1. Fourier series:
Periodic functions, Drichlet's conditions, Fourier series, Euler's formula. Fourier expansion of
functions. Fourier series of periodic functions with arbitrary periods, Half range Fourier series.
Harmonic analysis.
2. Laplace transforms:
Motivation, definition, Linearity property, Laplace transforms of elementary functions, shifting
theorem. Inverse Laplace transforms, Laplace transforms of derivatives and integrals,
Convolution theorem, Application of Laplace transform in solving ordinary differential
equations, Laplace transforms of periodic, Unit step and impulse functions.
3. Higher Order differential equations:
Linear differential equations of higher order with constant coefficients, Method of variation of
parameters, Higher order linear differential equations with variable coefficients (Cauchy's and
legendre forms), Simultaneous linear differential equations, Models for the real world problems
and their solutions in particular, Modeling of electric circuits, Deflection of beams, Free
oscillations, forced oscillations, Resonance. Solution in series. Solution of Bessel and Legendre
equations by series method, Definition and properties of Bessel's and Legendre’s functions,
Rodrigues formula, recurrence relations and orthogonal property of Bessel’s and Legendre‘s
polynomials.
4. Partial differential equations:
Formation of partial differential equations, Directly integrable equations, Lagrange's equation,
Solutions of special type of non-linear partial differential equations of the first order,
Homogeneous linear equations with constant coefficients, Method of separation of variables,
solution of one dimensional wave equation, heat equation and Laplace equation.
5. Numerical methods:
Motivation, Errors, Truncation error, Rounded off error, Absolute error, Relative error and
percentage error, solution of algebraic and transcendental equations by Newton-Raphson,
bisection, false position and iteration and extended iteration methods, Convergence of these
methods.
Reference Books:
1. Erwin Kreyszig : Advanced Engineering Mathematics
(8th Edition) Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.
2. Dr. K.R. Kachot : Higher Engineering Mathematics, Vol-II
6. G.V. Kumbhojkar : Engineering Mathematics – Vol. I, II, III, IV
1
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-302 Network Analysis
Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Network EC-302 03 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
Analysis University 3 Hrs 100
1. Development of the Circuit Concept

2. Conventions for describing networks
3. Network Equations
Kirchoff's Law, The number of Network Equations, Source Transformations, Examples of
the Formulations of Networks, Loop variable Analysis, Node Variable Analysis,
Determinants: Minors and the gauss Method, Duality, State Variable Analysis
4. First Order Differential Equations
Initial Conditions in networks Differential Equations, Second-order Equation: Internal
Excitation High order Equations: Internal Excitation, Networks Excited by External Energy
Sources Response as Related to the s-Plane Location of roots
5. The Laplace Transformation
Introduction, The Laplace Transformation ,Some Basic Theorems for the Laplace
Transformation, Examples of the Solution of Problems with the Laplace , Transformation,
Partial Fraction Expansion, Heaviside's Expansion Theorem, Examples of Solution by the
Laplace Transformation.
6. Transforms of other signal waveforms
The Shifted unit step function, the ramp and Impulse functions, Waveform Synthesis The
initial and final value of f (t) from F (s),
7. Impedance functions and Network & Network theorems
The concept of complex frequency Transform Impedance and transforms circuits Series and
Parallel combinations of elements Superposition and Reciprocity Thevenin's Theorem and
Norton's theorem
8. Network Functions: Poles and Zeros
Terminal Pairs or port Network Functions for the One Port and two Port, The Calculation of
Network Functions Ladder Network General Networks, Poles and Zeros of Network
Functions ,Restrictions on Pole and Zero locations for Transfer functions
9. Two Port Parameters
Relationship of Two-port Variables, Short-circuit Admittance parameters, The open Circuit
Impedance Parameters, Transmission parameters, The Hybrid parameters, Relationships
between parameters Sets, Parallel Connections of Two-port networks
10. Sinusoidal Steady -state Analysis
The Sinusoidal Steady State , The Sinusoidal and e +- jwt, Solution using e +- jwt
Solution using e +- jwt or Im e +- jwt, Phasors and Phasor diagrams.
11. Frequency Response Plots
Parts of Network Functions, Magnitude and Phase Plots, Complex Loci
Plots from s-plane Phasors, Bode Diagrams, The Nyquist Criterion
Practical / Term-work
Practical /term-work will be based on the topics covered in the syllabus
Text Book:
Network analysis (Third Edition) by M.E. Van valkenburg(PHI)
Reference Book:
Network analysis by G. K. Mithal, Khanna publications
2
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-303 Digital Electronics

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Digital EC-303 03 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
Electronics University 3 Hrs 100
1. Number System and codes :

Decimal, Binary, Octal, Hexa-decimal number system, Conversion of numbers from 1 number
system to other, complement method of subtraction, 9’s and 10’s compliment method, 1’s and
2’s complement method, Floating point numbers. Weighted and Non-weighted code, Self
complementing course, cyclic course, 8421 BCD code, XS-3 code, Gray code, Binary to Gray
conversion, Gray to Binary conversion, Parity bit and its importance in error detecting.
2. Logic Gates and Boolean Algebra:
AND, OR, NOR, NOT, NAND, X-OR, Inhibit circuits, Axioms and laws of Boolean algebra,
D’ Morgan’s theorem, Duality, Reduction of Boolean expression, converting
AND/OR/INVERT logic to NAND/NOR logic
3. Simplification of Boolean expression Expansion of a Boolean expression to SOP and POS
form, Minimization of POS and SOP expressions for 2 to 6 variables, Don’t care conditions,
Combinational logic, Quine-Mcclusky methods.
4. Combinational Logic:
The Half-adder, The Full-adder, The Half-subtracter, The Full-Subtracter, Parallel Binary
Adders, The Look-Ahead Carry Adder, IC Parallel Adders, Two’s Complement Addition And
Subtraction Using Parallel Adders, Serial Adders, BCD adder, Binary Multipliers, Code
converters, Parity bit Generators/Checkers, Comparators, IC comparators, Decoders, BCD to 7-
Segment Decoders, Encoders, , Priority Encoders, Multiplexers, Applications of Multiplexer,
De-multiplexers
5. Sequential Logic:
S-R Flip-flop, JK Flip-flop, D Flip-flop, T Flip-flop, Edge –Triggered Flip-flop, Master-slave
Flip-flop, Applications of Flip-flops. Serial-in Serial-out Shift register, Serial-in Parallel-out
Shift register, Parallel-in Serial-out Shift register, Parallel-in Parallel-out Shift register, Bi-
directional shift register, Universal shift register, Dynamic shift register, Applications of shift
registers. Asynchronous counter, Design of Asynchronous counter, Decoding of Ripple
counters, Synchronous counters, Design of Synchronous counter.
6. Logic Families:
Digital IC specification terminology, Logic families, TTL, Open collector gate, TTL
subfamilies, IIL , ECL, MOS, CMOS, Dynamic MOS Logic
7. Memories :
Memory types and terminology, Read Only memory, Semiconductor RAMs, Non-volatile
RAMs, Sequential memories, Programmable logic Devices, Magnetic memories, Optical Disk
memory, Charge coupled devices.
8. Introduction to VHDL:
Various modelling Architecture like Data flow/Behavioural/Structural
Text Book:
1. Digital logic and computer Design – M. Morris Mano, PHI Publication
2. Fundamentals of Digital Circuits by A.Anand Kumar, PHI Publication
Reference Book:
1. Digital Electronics – R.P.Jain, TMH Publication
2. Digital Electronics and Logic Design – B. Somanathan Nair , PHI publication
3. VHDL primer By J. Bhaskar
3
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-304 Electrical Technology

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Electrical EC-304 03 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
Technology University 3 Hrs 100
1. Transformers :
Principle of operation, E.M.F. equation, voltage ratio and turn ratio , construction of single
phase transformers, Phasor diagram of transformer on no load and on load, exact and
approximate equi., Circuit of transformer, voltage regulation, Losses and efficiency of
transformer, condition for maximum efficiency, auto transformer, parallel operation
2. Alternators :
Advantages of rotating field alternator, synchronous speed, construction of stator and rotor,
E.M.F. equation, Armature winding, Pitch factor, distribution factor, armature reaction,
synchronous impedance, phasor diagram at unity, legging and leading power factor, voltage
regulation by synchronous impedance method.
3. 3-Phase induction motor :
Construction, production of rotating field, principle of operation, speed and slip, rotor
current , relation between rotor copper loss and rotor input, torque of an induction motor,
condition for maximum torque, torque slip curve, Losses and Efficiency, starters for 3 phase
induction motor, speed control.
4. D.C.Generators
Construction, types, E.M.F. equation , Lap and wave winding, commutation, methods of
improving commutation, Internal and external characteristics of D.C.generator.
5. D.C.Motors :
Principle of operation, torque equation, losses and efficiency, speed torque characteristics of
shunt , series and compound motor, speed control of D.C. shunt and series motors, D.C.
shunt motor starter
6. Single phase induction motor :
Production of magnetic field, starting of single phase induction motor by capacitor and
shaded pole motors.
7. Power Generation :
Thermal , Hydro diesel and nuclear power station, Selection of site Transmission and
distribution, Overhead and underground transmission, Transmission and distribution
voltages , Substation - types and equipments, Layout of distribution substation,
8. Protection :
Switch fuse unit, HRC fuse, Circuit breakers and their types, overload relays.
Text Book:
Electrical Technology, by B.L.Theraja
Principles of Electrical power system, by V.K.Mehta
Reference Book:
1. Basic electrical Engineering, By V.N.Mital
4
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-305 Electronics Devices and Circuits-I
Subject Code Teaching Scheme Examination Scheme

Theory Lab/ Pract Exam Theory Theory Pract TW Total
Paper Marks
Electronics EC-305 03 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
Devices and University 3 Hrs 100
Circuits-I
1. Semiconductor Physics
The energy band theory of crystals, Insulators, Semiconductors and Metals, Mobility and
Conductivity, Electrons and holes in an Intrinsic Semiconductor, Donor and Acceptor
impurities, Charge densities, Hall Effect, Conductivity Modulation, Generation and
recombination of charges Diffusion, Continuity Equation, Injected Minority carrier Charge,
Potential Variation within a graded semiconductor, Energy distribution of electrons in a
metal, Fermi-Dirac function, Densities of states, Electron emission from a metal, Carrier
concentration in an intrinsic semi, fermi-level, band Structure of an open-circuit PN
characteristic, dynamic diffusion capacitance.
2. Semiconductor Diode Characteristics
Open-circuited PN junction, P-N junction as a rectifier, Current components in a PN
junction diode, volt-ampere characteristics, Photo-diode, Temperature Dependence of diode
characteristic, Transition capacitance (CT), Diffusion capacitance, diode resistance, charge
control description of a diode, Rectifiers, full wave circuits, C, LC, II filters.
3. Transistor Characteristics and Transistors Biasing and thermal Stabilization
Junction Transistor, Transistor action, transistor currents component, transistor as a
amplifier, transistor configurations- CB, CC, CE, CE cutoff, and saturation regions,
Maximum voltage rating, DC operating point, Bias stabilization, Stabilization techniques,
Bias compensation, Thermal runaway, Phototransistor
4. BJT as small Signal low frequency amplifier
Transistor as an amplifier, general characteristics of an amplifier, Hybrid model,
Determination of h-parameters from characteristics. Analysis of amplifier circuit using h-
parameters. Common emitter circuit, common collector or emitter follower circuit, Common
base circuit, Analysis of common emitter amplifier with collector to base bias, Comparison
of transistor amplifier configurations, linear analysis of a transistor, Miller’s theorem and
it’s dual, Cascading transistor amplifiers, simplified CE and CC hybrid model
5. Field effect transistor
Construction of JFET, operation of JFET, JFET characteristics, pinch-off voltage, JFET
volt-ampere characteristics, FET small signal, MOSFET, FET as a VVR FET biasing, Fixed
bias circuit, Voltage divider biasing circuit, self bias circuit, biasing for depletion type
MOSFET, JFET as an amplifier, JFET low frequency small signal model, Common source
circuit, Common drain circuit
6. Transistor at high frequencies
Hybrid II CE transistor, Hybrid II Conductance, Hybrid II capacitance. Validity at Hybrid II
Model, Variation of Hybrid II parameters, CE short-circuit current gain, current gain with
resistive load, Single stage CE transistor amplifier response, Gain- bandwidth product,
Emitter Follower at high frequency.
7. Multistage Amplifiers
Classification of amplifiers, Distortion in amplifiers, Frequency response of an amplifier,
step response of an amplifier, Bandpass of cascaded stages, Two stage RC amplifier, Low
frequency response of an RC-coupled stage. Effect of an emitter bypass capacitor on Low
frequency response.High frequency response of two cascaded CE transistor stages,
Multistage CE amplifier cascade at high frequencies
5
Practical / Term-work: Practical /term-work will be based on the topics covered in the syllabus
Text Book : Integrated Electronics By Millman and Halkias, MGH

Reference Book
1.Electronics Devices and circuits theory ( sixth Edition) by Boylestead & Nashelsky
2.Electronics Devices and circuits : An Introduction by Allen Motershead
6
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-306 Control theory

Paper Marks
Control theory EC-306 03 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
1. Introduction to Control Systems

Introduction to control systems, Classification of control systems, The Open-loop control
systems & Closed-loop control systems , Comparison of Open-loop control systems & Closed-
loop control systems, Servomechanism, Examples with applications in engineering field.
2. Mathematical Modeling of Dynamic Systems
Introduction, Differential equations of physical systems, Mechanical systems :Translational
elements, Rotational Elements, Electrical systems, Thermal systems, Fluid systems, Pneumatic
systems.Transfer Functions of mechanical systems & electrical systems with
examples.Analogous system: Analogous in force(torque)-voltage analogy & force(torque)-
current analogy, problems on Analogy, Gear trains : Design and applications.
3. Block diagram Technique and Signal Flow Graphs
Block diagram of a close loop system, Rules of block diagram reduction techniques, Various
terms of Signal, flow Graphs, Construction of signal flow graphs, Mason's gain formula ,Use of
Mason's gain formula to determine the T.F. Problems.
4. Feedback characteristics of control systems
Feedback and non-feedback system, Reduction of parameter variations by use of feedback,
Control of the effects of disturbance signals by use of feedback, Regenerative feedback,
Problems.
5. Control systems and components
Comparison between ordinary motor and servo motor, T.F. of servo motors: 1) Field controlled
D.C. servo Motor, 2) Armature controlled D.C. servo motor, 3) Two phase A.C. servo motor.
Concept of pneumatic components: flapper valve, relay, actuator, bellows, Determination of
T.F. of a complex control systems, Introduction to stepper motors & its applications, Problems.
6. Time Response Analysis & Design Specifications
Introduction, Standard test signal, Time response of first order control system, Time response
of a second order control system, Response of second order system to the unit-step, Time
response specifications, Derivation of specifications of second order system, Steady state error
and error constants, Types of feedback control systems, Compensation methods such as
derivative error compensation, derivative output compensation , integral error compensation,
Problems.
7. Concept of stability, and Algebraic criterion
Concept of stability, absolute stability , absolute stability and relative stability, Necessary
condition for stability, Hurwitz stability criterion, Routh stability criterion , Special cases of
Routh Stability Criterion, Application of Routh Criterion to linear feedback control system,
Relative stability analysis, Nyquist stability criterion, Problems
8. The root locus technique
The concepts of Root locus, Rules for constructions of Root locus Problems
9. The frequency response analysis
Introduction frequency response, Frequency domain specifications, Correlation between time
and frequency response, Contraction of Polar plots, Contraction of Bode plots, Experimental
determinations of transfer functions, Determination of Gain margin and Phase margin gain for
find stability in frequency domain, Problems
7
10. State variable analysis of control system
Introduction , Concepts of state, state variables ,state vectors, state space, State space equations,
correlation between T.F.& state space equations, Space models , Controllability &
observability, Problems.
11. Performance of Control Systems
Time & Frequency domain analysis and performance of various control systems using control
system tool box of MATLAB.
Text Books:
1. Control System Engineering. By I.J. Nagrath & M. Gopal (Third Edition), Published by New
Age international publishers, New Delhi.
2. Modern Control Engineering. By K. Ogata (Third Edition), Published by Prentice-Hall of
India Private, New Delhi.
Reference Books:
1. Automatic Control Systems By B.C.Kuo.
2. Automatic control Engineering By Raven.
3. Linear Control Systems By B.S.Manke.
4. Automatic Control Systems By S.N.Verma.
8
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-307 Electronic Application Software

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Electronic EC-307 00 02 Sessional -- -- 25 25 50
Application University -- --
Software
1. Introduction to MATLAB toolboxes

2. Create and run simple m files
3. Introduction to MATLAB SIMULINK
4. Introduction to Mathcad / Mathematica
5. Create and run small applications in MATLAB/Mathcad and Mathematica
9
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
B.E. – 2nd Year (EC) 4TH sem
EC-401 Applied Mathematics

Scheme
Applied EC-401 04 -- Sessional 1.5 Hrs -- -- 100
Mathematics University 3 Hrs 100
1. Vector calculus :
Reorientation, Differentiation of vectors, Scalars and vector fields, Gradient of a scalar
function, Directional derivative, Divergence and Curl of a vector function and their physical
meanings. Line, Surface and volume integrals, Green's theorem, Gauss and stoke's theorems
(Without proof), Irrigational, Solenoidal and conservative vector fields. Curvilinear coordinates
(Cylindrical and Spherical polar).
2. Functions of complex variables :
Reorientation, Analytic function, Cauchy- Riemann equations (Cartesian and polar forms),
Harmonic functions, orthogonal property, conformal mappings, some standard conformal
transformation. Complex integration, Cauchy's integral theorem and Cauchy’s integral formula,
Singularities, Taylor's and Laurent's series, Residue theorem, Evaluation of integrals using
residues.
3. Integral transforms:
Fourier integral theorem (only statement), Fourier sine and cosine integrals, Complex form of
Fourier integral, Fourier sine and cosine transforms, Inverse laplace transforms by residue,
Solutions of boundary value problems using Fourier transforms. Application to transverse
vibration of a string and transmission lines.
4. Matrices:
Cayley- Hamilton Theorem, Special matrices like Hermitian, Skew-Hhermitian and unitary,
Reduction to diagonal form, Quadratic forms.
5. Solution of cubic and biquadratic equations :
Solution of cubic equations by Cardon’s method and solution of biquadratic equations by
Ferrari's method.
6 Finite differences and difference equations :
Finit difference, interpolation, finite difference operators (Forward & Backward differences).
Interpolation formulae : Newton’s forward, Newton’s backward & Lagrange’s. Numerical
differentiation. Numerical integration : Trapezoidal rule, Simpson’s 1/3 rule, difference
equations.
Reference Books :
1. Erwin Kreyszig : Advanced Engineering Mathematics
(8th Edition) Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi.
2. Dr. K.R. Kachot : Higher Engineering Mathematics, Vol-II, III
6. G.V. Kumbhojkar : Engineering Mathematics – Vol. I, II, III, IV
Jamnadas & Co. Bombay
10
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-402 Engineering Economics & Business Management

Scheme
Engineering EC-402 03 -- Sessional 1.5 Hrs -- -- 100
Economics & University 3 Hrs 100
Business
Management
1. National income, economics planning and public finance. Organisation :

Concept, principles, line & staff functions, organization structure and its importance, system
concepts of organization
2. Management concept and functions :
Concept function (Planning), Organizing, directing, co-ordinating, controlling, motivating,
principles of management, traditional v/s modern management approaches, decision
making, delegation
3. Productivity & its techniques :
Concepts, gains of productivity, productivity of economic development, role of management in
promotion of productivity, selected productivity techniques, work-study (time study & work
management), Quality control, waste reduction, job evaluation, incentives, inventory control,
CPM & PERT.
4. Personal management :
Personal functions, man-power assessment, recruitment, training & development, wage,
salary administration, participative management , performance appraisal & counselling
discipline improvement, grievance handling, union management relation (Industrial Relation)
trade unionism in India.
5. Human side of management :
Understanding of human behavior, group dynamics, interpersonal behavior, motivation,
communication, leadership
6. Financial Management :
Financial management & quantitative techniques, management accounting, break even analysis,
preparation & analysis of balance sheets, capital budgeting cost accounting & cost & budgetary
control
7. Marketing management :
Introduction marketing management, concepts and approach, product development &
diversification, industrial marketing
8. Entrepreneurship Development:
Basic of Entrepreneurship, various enterprise managerial skills, fundamentals to establish new
enterprise laws market, product, and skills related for successful entrepreneurship
Books:
1. Management Analysis, concepts & cases by Haynes & Massie (Prentice Hall of India)
2. Personal Management by R. S. Davar (Vikas Publicating House Ltd., Delhi)
11
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-403 Electronics Devices and Circuits-II

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Devices and University 3 Hrs 100
Circuits-II
1. Power Amplifier
Class A, second harmonics distortion, higher order harmonics generation, transformer-coupled
audio power amplifiers, efficiency, Push-Pull amplifier, Class B, Class AB.
2. Power Supply
Regulated power supply – series voltage regulator design, Short circuit and overload
protections, Voltage regulator ICs.
3. Differential Amplifier
Principle, Circuit analysis of BJT differential amplifier, CMRR, Use of current source circuit
for increasing CMRR,
4. Feedback amplifier
Feedback concept, transfer gain with feedback, general characteristics of negative-feedback
amplifiers, input resistance, output resistances, method of analysis of a feedback amplifier,
Current-shunt feedback, voltage-shunt feedback, current-series feedback, voltage-series
feedback
5. Oscillators
Sinusoidal oscillator, Phase shift oscillators, Resonant-circuit, General form of oscillators, wien
bridge oscillators, Crystals oscillator
6. Clipping and Comparator circuits
Clipping (limiting) circuits, Diode clipper, transistor clipper, Clipping at two independent
levels, emitter coupled clipper.
7. Clamping and switching circuits
Clamping operation, clamping circuit taking source and diode resistance into account,
Clamping theorem, Practical clamping, effect of diode characteristics on clamping voltage,
Transistor as a switch, switch with inductive and capacitive load
8. Voltage time base generators
General features of a time-base signal, method of generating a time base waveform,
exponential sweep circuit, negative resistance switches, transistor constants current sweep,
Miller and bootstrap Transistor miller, Transistor bootstrap
9. Current time base generator
Simple current sweep, linearity correction, transistor current time-base generator, methods of
linearity improvement, illustrative current sweep circuits
10. Negative resistance devices
Tunnel diode, UJT, Negative resistance characteristic, basic ckt principles, mono-stable, bi-
stable and a-stable operations, Voltage controlled switching ckts, Tunnel-diode, mono-stable
ckt, Tunnel diode a-stable ckt, Tunnel-diode comparator, Tunnel-diode mono-stable ckt.
Tunnel diode transistor hybrid ckt, applications of UJT
11 Analog To Digital And Digital To Analog Converters:
Digital to Analog Conversion, R-2R ladder type DAC, Weighted resistor type DAC, Switched
current source type DAC, Switched capacitor type DAC, Analog to Digital Conversion, Counter
type A/D converter, Tracking type A/D converter, Flash-type A/D converter, Dual slope type
A/D converter, Successive approximation type ADC.
12
Textbooks:
1. Integrated Electronics by Millman & Halkas (McGraw Hill)
2. Pulse, digital and switching waveforms by Millman and Taub
Reference Book
1. Electronics Devices and circuits theory ( sixth Edition) by Boylestead & Nashelsky
PHI Pub.
13
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-404 Electromagnetic Theory

Theory Lab/ Pract Exam Theory Theory Pract/ TW Total
Paper Marks Oral
Electromagnetic EC-404 03 -- Sessional 1.5 Hrs -- -- 100
Theory University 3 Hrs 100
1. Vector Analysis: Scalars & Vectors, dot and cross products, co-ordinate
systems and conversions.
2. Coulomb’s law and electrical field intensity: Coulomb’s law, field due to different
charge distributions.
3. Electric flux density, Gauss’s law and divergence: Concept of electric flux
density, Gauss’s law and its applications, differential volume element, divergence,
Maxwell’s first eqn. and divergence theorem.
4. Energy and potential: Energy expanded in moving a point charge in
electrical field, line integral, definition of potential difference and potential, potential
field of a point charge and system of charges, potential gradient, dipole, energy
density in electrostatic field.
5 Conductors, dielectrics and capacitance : Definition of currents and current
density, continuity eqn., metallic conductors and their properties, semiconductors,
dielectric materials, characteristics, boundary conditions, capacitance of a parallel
plate capacitor, coaxial cable and spherical capacitors.
6 Poisson’s and Laplace eqn. : Poisson’s and Laplace eqn., uniqueness
theorem, examples of solution of Laplace and Poisson’s eqns.
7 Steady magnetic field: Biot-Savart’s law, Ampere’s circuital law, concept of
flux density, scalar and vector magnetic potential.
8 Magnetic forces, materials and inductance : Force on a moving charge, force
on a differential current element, force and torque on a close circuit, magnetisation
and permeability, magnetic boundary conditions, magnetic circuit, self inductance
and mutual inductance.
9 Time varying field and Maxwell’s eqns.: Faraday’s law, displacement current,
Maxwell’s eqns. in point and integral forms.
10 The uniform plane waves: Wave motion in free space, perfect dielectric,
dielectric, pointing vector, power consideration, propagation in good conductor,
phenomena of skin effect, reflection of uniform plane waves.
11 Plane Waves at Boundaries and in Depressive Media: Reflection of Uniform
Plane Waves at Normal Incidence, Standing Wave Ratio, and Wave Reflection from
Multiple Interfaces, Plane Wave Propagation in General Directions, Plane Wave
Reflection at Oblique Incidence Angles
Text Books :
1. Engineering Electromagnetic by Willian Hayt, Vth edition McGraw Hill.
Reference Books :
1. Electromagnetics by J.D.Kraus
2. Electromagnetism :Theory and applications by A. Pramanik
3. Electromagnetic Concepts and Applications by Stanley Marshal PH International
14
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-405 Electronics Measurement and Instruments

Paper Marks
Measurement University 3 Hrs 100
and Instruments
1. Measurement errors
Definitions, Accuracy and precision, significant figures, Types of error, statistical analysis,
probability of errors, limiting errors,
2. Bridge measurements
Wheatstone bridge, kelvin bridge, AC bridge and their applications, Maxwell bridge, Hay’s
bridge, unbalance conditions, wein bridge.Anderson’s bridge, De sautys bridge, schering
bridge
3. Digital Instruments
Digital frequency meter, Circuit for measurement of frequency,Simplified composite circuit
for digital frequency meter high frequency measurements, period measurement, ratio and
multiple ratio measurements, time interval measurements,resolution in digital meters
Sensitivity of digital meters,accuracy specification of digital multimeters,digital L,C
and R measurements,Digital LCR meter and Q meter
4. Cathode Ray Oscilloscope
Introduction, oscilloscope block diagram, Cathode Ray Tube, CRT ckts, Vertical deflection
system , delay line , multiple trace, Horizontal deflection system, oscilloscope scope and
transduces, oscilloscope techniques, special oscilloscope
5. Instrument for generation and analysis of waveforms
Introduction, The sine wave generator, frequency synthesized signal generator, frequency
divider generator, signal generator modulation, sweep frequency generator, pulse and square
wave generator, function generator, wave analyzers, harmonic distortion analyzer, spectrum
analyzer
6. Display devices and recorders
Digital display methods, digital display units, segmental displays, dot matrices, rear
projection display, light emitting diode, liquid crystal diodes, segmental gas discharge
displays, decade counting assembly’s, display systems, decimal decoders BCD to 7-segment
converter, BCD to dot matrix converter , Resolution in digital meters, sensitivity of digital
meters, accuracy specification of digital multimeters.Recorders, recording requirements,
analog recorders like graphic oscillgraphic , strip chart recorder , types of strip chart
recorder , galvanometer type recorders , null type recorders, potentiometric recorders, single
point recorders, multi point recorders, XY recorders ultra violets recorders
7. Data acquisition systems and transducers
Text Book :
T1. Modern electronics Instrumentation and measurement techniques by Albert D.
Helfrick And William D. Cooper
T2. Electronic Instruments and Measurements by David Bell
T3. A course in Electrical and electronics measurement and instrumentation by
A.K.Sawhney
15
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-406 Microcontrollers & Applications

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Microcontroller EC-406 04 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
s& University 3 Hrs 100
Applications
1. Introduction:-
Evolution, comparison with microprocessor, survey of a 8-bit & 16-bit micro controllers and
main features
2. Architecture of 8051 Microcontroller :-
Block Diagram, Internal Registers & their functions, Oscillator & clock, Internal memory,
Special function registers, I/O pins & ports, external memory, Counters & Timers, Serial data
I/O, Interrupts
3. Programming Model:-
System Model, Memory Organization, Instruction Set, Addressing Modes, Assembly Language,
Program design, Tools & Techniques
4. Assembly Language Programming:-
Data movement, logical operations, Arithmetic operations, Jumps & Calls instructions, Interrupt
handling, I/O operations
5. Microcontroller based system Design:-
Specifications, Pin Configuration, Interfacing External Memory, Reset & Clock circuits,
Expanding I/O, Testing of Crystal & Memory
6. Applications of Microcontrollers:-
Keyboard, Alphanumeric displays, frequency and pulse width measurement, A/D and D/A
conversions and examples of industrial applications such as processor control, drives, signal
processing
7. Serial Data Communication:-
Network configurations, 8051 data communication modes and example programmes
8. Bus Interface
ISA bus, EISA and VESA, PCI bus, Parallel Printer Interface, Universal Serial Bus (USB),
Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)
Practical/Term-work
Practical/Term-work will be based on the topics covered in the syllabus
Text Book:-
1. The 8051 Microcontroller – Architecture Programming & Application by K. J. Ayala (Penram
Internation)
Reference Book:-
1. Intel’s Microcontroller Handbook
16
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-407 Seminar

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Seminar EC-407 00 02 Sessional -- -- 25 25 50
University -- --
Students are required to prepare, submit and present report based on literature survey, Websites
survey on recent trends in electronic systems, Comparative review of electronic components,
equipments, Advances in Electronics and communications Systems and their impact on society.
17
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-501 INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND APPLICATIONS

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
INTEGRATED EC-501 04 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
CIRCUITS AND University 3 Hrs 100
APPLICATIONS
1. Operational Amplifier and its characteristics:

Differential Amplifier, Block Diagram Representation of Op-Amp., Schematic Symbol,
Dual Power Supply for Op-Amp., Ideal Op-Amp., Equivalent Circuit, Integrated Circuits,
Op-Amp. with Negative Feedback.
2. Practical Op-Amp and Various Parameters:
Measurement of Input Offset Voltage, Input Offset Current, Input Bias Current, Differential
Input Resistance, Output resistance, Input Capacitance, Offset Voltage Adjustment Range,
Input Voltage Range, Output Offset Voltage Swing, CMRR, Slew rate, PSRR, Gain
Bandwidth Products, Transient Response, Power Consumption etc.
3. Application of Operational Amplifier:
Linear Applications:- AC/DC Amplifier, Inverting and Non-Inverting Amplifier, AC
Amplifiers with single supply voltage, The Peaking Amplifier, Summing, Scaling and
Averaging Amplifier, Instrumentation Amplifier, Differential input and Differential output
amplifier, Integrator, Differentiator, Voltage to Current Converter with floating and
grounded load, Current to Voltage Converter, Voltage Follower,
Non Linear Applications:- Comparator, Zero Crossing Detector, Schmitt Trigger,
Voltage Limiters, Clipper and Clampers, Absolute Value Output circuit, Peak Detector,
Sample and Hold Circuit, Precision Rectifier – Half/Full Wave, Square, Triangular and Saw
tooth Wave Generator, Log/ Antilog Amplifier,
4. Active Filters:
Classification of filters, Magnitude and frequency Scaling,
Magnitude and attenuation characteristics of ideal and practical filters., design Parameter Q
st
0, Biquad (Universal) filter design, Butter worth Low pass and Highpass filters-1 and
2nd order circuits design, Butterworth pole location, Sallen & Key circuit, Butterworth
Bandpass Filters-Frequency Transformation, Deliyannis- Friend circuit , Chebyshev filter
characteristics, Band reject filters.
5. Other Specialized ICs:
(1) 555 Timer and its Applications:
Block Diagram, Monostable and Astable Multivibrator, Applications as Frequency Divider,
Square Wave Generator, Free-Running Ramp Generator etc.
(2) Phase Locked Loop and Its Applications:
Block Diagram and Operation, Applications as Frequency Multiplier, Frequency Shift
Keying
(3) Design of Power Supply:
Simple OP-AMP Voltage regulator, Three terminal Voltage regulators, Fixed and
Adjustable Voltage Regulators (78XX, LM317), Heat Sink, Dual Power supply (LM320,
LM317), Basic Switching Regulator and its characteristics
(4) Power Amplifiers: Monolithic Power Amplifers (LM380)
(5) Function Generator: IC XR 2206
Text Books:
1. Op-Amp and Linear Integrated Circuits by Ramakant A. Gayakwad 4th Edition (PHI).
2. Analog filter design Van Valkenburg (Oxford Publication)
3. Application and design with Analog Ics 2nd Edition by J. Michael Jacob (PHI)
18
Reference Books:
1. Design with Operational Amplifiers & Analog Ics 3rd Edition by Sergio Franco (TMH)
2. Linear and Digital Integrated Circuits by S P Eugene Xavier (Khanna publications)
3. Linear Integrated Circuits and Applications by Dr. Y. Venkatramani (ISTE learning
material)
19
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-502, Electronic Communications

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Electronic EC-502 04 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
Communication University 3 Hrs 100
s
1. Passive Circuits : Series Tuned Circuit, Parallel Tuned Circuit, Self-Capacitance of a

Coil, Skin effect, Mutual Inductance, High frequency Transformers, Tapped Inductor,
Capacitive Tap, Low-frequency Transformers.
2. Analysis and Transmission of Signals: Aperiodic signal Representation by Fourier
Integral, Transform of some useful function, Some properties of the Fourier Transform,
Signal Transmission through a Linear system, Ideal and practical filters, Signal distortion
over a communication channel, Signal energy and energy spectral Density, Signal Power
and Power spectral Density.
3. Noise : Thermal Noise, Shot Noise, Partition Noise, Low Frequency or Flicker Noise, Burst
Noise, Avalanche Noise, Bipolar Transistor Noise, Field-effect Transistor Noise, Equivalent
Input Noise Generators and comparison of BJTs and FETs, Signal – to – Noise Ratio, S/N
Ratio of a tandem connection, Noise factor, Amplifier Input Noise in Terms of F, Noise
Factor of Amplifiers in Cascade, Noise Factor of a Lossy Network, Noise Temperature,
Measurement of Noise Temperature and Noise Factor, Narrowband Band-pass Noise.
4. Tuned Small – Signal Amplifiers: The Hybrid- -
Circuit Current Gain for the BJT, Common Emitter (CE) Amplifier, Stability and
Neutralization, Common – base Amplifier, Available Power Gain, Cascode Amplifier,
Hybrid- er Circuits.
5. Oscillators: Crystal Oscillator, Voltage-controlled Oscillators, Stability, Frequency
Synthesizers.
6. Receivers: Superheterodyne Receivers, Tuning Range, Tracking, Sensitivity and Gain,
Image Rejection, Spurious Responses, Adjacent Channel Selectivity, AGC, Double
Conversion, Electronically Tuned Receivers (ETRs), Integrated-Circuit Receivers.
7. Amplitude Modulation : Amplitude Modulation, Amplitude Modulation Index,
Modulation Index for Sinusoidal AM, Frequency Spectrum for Sinusoidal AM, Average
Power for Sinusoidal AM, Effective Voltage and current for Sinusoidal AM, Nonsinusoidal
Modulation, Double-Sideband Suppressed Carrier (DSBSC) Modulation, Amplitude
Modulator Circuits, Amplitude Demodulator Circuits, Amplitude-modulated Transmitters,
AM Receivers, Noise in AM Systems.
8. Single-Sideband Modulation : Single-Sideband Principles, Balanced Modulators,
SSB Generation, SSB Reception, Modified SSB systems, SNR for SSB, Companded Single
Sideband.
9. Angle Modulation : Frequency Modulation, Sinusoidal FM, Frequency Spectrum for
Sinusoidal FM, Average Power in Sinusoidal FM, Non-Sinusoidal Modulation : Deviation
Ratio, Measurement of modulation Index for Sinusoidal FM, Phase Modulation,
Equivalence Between PM and FM, Sinusoidal Phase Modulation, Digital Phase Modulation,
Angle Modulator Circuits, FM Transmitter, Angle Modulation Detectors, Automatic
Frequency Control, Amplitude Limiters, Noise in FM System, Pre-emphasis and De-
emphasis, FM Broadcast Receivers, FM Stereo Receivers.
Text Books:
1. Electronic Communications by Dennis Roddy & John Coolen IV Edition PHI.
2. Modern Digital and Analog Communication System III Edition By B.P.Lathi Pub
Oxford.
Reference Book: Electronic Communications by Kennedy McGraw Hill Publication.
20
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-503 Antenna and Wave Propagation

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Antenna and EC-503 04 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
Wave University 3 Hrs 100
Propagation
1. Basic antenna concepts:

Various definitions, antenna parameters, transmission formula, sources of radiation,
comparison between antennas & transmission lines
2. Point sources:
Power patterns of various sources, radiation intensity, directivity, beam width, sources with
pattern of arbitrary shape, gain, field & phase patterns.
3. Arrays of point sources:
Arrays of 2 isotropic point sources, non-isotropic point sources, principles of pattern
multiplication, linear arrays of non-isotropic point sources of equal amplitude & spacing,
broad side, end fire arrays, radiation pattern determination of linear arrays, schelkunoff
theorems for linear arrays, dolph-Tchebysheff distribution for linear arrays.
4. Electric dipole and thin layer antennas :
Short electric dipole radiation of short dipole, various field components radiation patterns,
radiation resistance of linear antenna, radiation resistance of half wave dipole, quarter wave
dipole.
5. Loop Antenna:
Small loop short magnetic dipole, comparison of far field of small loop and short dipole
loop antennas, field pattern of circular loop antenna & its radiation resistance.
6. Helical antenna:
Helical geometry, transmission radiation modes, practical design consideration, wide band
circuit of helical antenna
7. Arrays of dipoles & apertures:
Horizontal antennas and vertical antennal above a ground plane, arrays with parasitic
elements, freq. scanning arrays retro arrays, adaptive arrays & smart antennas, long wire
antennas, location methods of feeding antennas, folded dipole antennas.
8. Reflector antennas & feed systems:
Plane sheet reflectors & diffraction, corner reflectors, Parabola, paraboloid reflector,
aperture distribution & efficiencies, off axis operation of parabolic reflectors, cassegrain
feed of other reflector antennas.
9. Slot horn & complementary antennas:
Slot antenna, its pattern, principle & complementary antennas, independence of slot
antennas & various types of horn antennas.
10. Lens antennas:
Dielectric lens, reflector lens antennas, polyroid
11. Broadband & Freq. Independent antennas:
Broadband antenna, Freq. independent antenna, log periodic antennas, yagi-uda, and corner
log periodic arrays.
12. Antennas for special applications:
Sleeve, turn style, upper turn style antenna, matching arrangements, micro-strip antennas,
high gain coms, submerge antennas, antennas design consideration for satellite
communication.
13. Antennas measurement:
Measurement of pattern gain, phase polarization, impedance
21
14. Radio wave propagation:
Modes of propagation, Definitions, Multi hop propagation.
Text Books :
1. Antennas by J.D. Krauss, McGraw Hill.
2. Electromagnetic wave & radiating systems by Jordan & Balmain, PHI Publication.
3. Antennas & Wave Propagation by K.D. Prasad, Satyaprakash Publications
22
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-504 Advanced Microprocessors & Peripherals

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Advanced EC-503 04 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
Microprocessor University 3 Hrs 100
s & Peripherals
1. Introduction to Basic Computer: -

Block diagram of digital computer, classification of digital computer language, high level & low
level languages. Microprocessor architecture & Microcomputer system, memory, input/output,
interfacing devices Introduction and brief overview of 8- bit processors – Intel’s 8085
2. 16 bit processors Architecture and Instruction Set:-
Intel family of 16-bit processors, Architecture of 8086/8088 CPU, Instruction set of 8086
microprocessor.
3 Programming Techniques:-
Logical & Arithmetic processing, loops, procedures, data tables, modular programming, Macros,
assembler directives, assembly language program development tools
4. Designing the 8086 CPU module:-
Three- bus system architecture, 8086 CPU hardware design, Generation of system clock and
reset signals, Micro computer bus types and buffering techniques, 8086 minimum and maximum
mode module, 8088 microprocessor.
5. Main memory system design
Types of memory, CPU read/write Timing, SRAM and ROM Interface Requirements, Address
Decoding Techniques, Inter facing Dynamic RAM, Troubleshooting Memory Module.
6. Basic Input/Output
Parallel I/O, Serial I/O, Programmed I/O, Interrupt - driven I/O, directed memory access.
7. Support Peripheral chips - Architecture, Modes of operation & interfacing

Programmable Peripheral Interface (PPI) 8255, Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous
Receiver/Transmitter (USART) 8251, Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC) 8259, DMA
Controller 8237/57, Key board and display controller 8279,
8. Digital & Analog Interfacing
Interfacing of keyboard, displays, A/D and D/A converter, stepper motor, microcomputer based
scale and applications
9. Architecture Pentium Processor
Introduction & main features of Pentium processor, special registers, memory management,
features of Pentium Pro processor.
Practical/Term-work
Practical/Term-work will be based on the topics covered in the syllabus
Text book:-
(1) The 8086/8088 Family – Design, Programming and Interfacing by John Uffenbeck (PHI)
(2) Microprocessor and Interfacing – Second Edition by D. V. Hall (TMH)
Reference book :-
1. The Intel Microprocessors – Architecture, Programming and Interfacing –Sixth Edition by Barry
B. Brey (PHI)
2. The 8088 and 8086 microprocessor by W. A. Triebel and Avtar Singh (PHI)
3. Microprocessor Architecture Programming and Applications by R. S. Gaonkar (WEL)
4. IBM PC Assembly Language and Programming by Peter Abel (PHI) – For Laboratory work
23
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-505 Power Electronics

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Power EC-505 04 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
Electronics University 3 Hrs 100
1. Introduction to Power Electronics, Power Diodes, Power Transistors
Overview of Power Electronics, Power Semiconductor Devices, Control Characteristics of
Power Devices, Characteristics and Specification of Switches, Types of Power Electronic
Circuits, Reverse Recovery Characteristics, Types of Power Diodes, , Diodes with RC, RL, LC
and RLC Loads, Free wheeling Diodes, Performance Parameters of Rectifiers, Power BJTs,
Power MOSFETs, COOLMOSs, SITs, IGBTs, MOSFET Gate and BJT Base Drive Circuits,
Isolation of Base and Gate Drive Circuits
2. Thyristors
Thyristor Characteristics, Two Transistor model of Thyristor, Thyristor Turn-On, Thyristor
Turn-Off, Types of Thyristors, Series & Parallel Connections of Thyristors, Gate drive circuits.
3. Controlled Rectifiers
Principal of Phase Controlled Converter, Single Phase Semi Converter, Single Phase Full
Converter, Single Phase Dual Converter, Three Phase Halfwave Converters, Three Phase Semi
Converter, Three Phase Full Converter, Three Phase Dual Converter. (Without analysis for RL
load)
4. Invertors
Principal of Operation of Pulse Width Modulated Inverters, Performance Parameters, Single
Phase Bridge Inverters, Three Phase Inverters, Current Source Inverter, Series Resonant
Inverter, Parallel Resonant Inverter, Class E Resonant Inverter, Multilevel Inverter Concept,
Applications & features of Multilevel Inverter.
5. DC-DC Converters
Principal of Step Down Converter, Principle of Step UP Converter, Performance Parameters,
Converter Classification, Switch Mode Buck, Boost and Buck-Boost Regulators, Chopper
Circuit Design.
6. AC Controllers
Principal of On Off Control, Principal of Phase Control, Cycloconeverters, PWM Controlled AC
Voltage Controllers.
7. Protection of Devices and Circuits
Cooling and Heat Sinks, Snubber Circuits, Reverse Recovery, Supply and Load Side Transients,
Current & Voltage Protection, Electromagnetic Interference.
8. Power Drives & Applications
Characteristics of DC Motor, Operating Modes of DC Drives, Single Phase DC Drives,
Breaking Schemes of DC-DC Converter Drives, Microcomputer Control of DC Drives, Control
of AC Induction Motors using Voltage, Current and Frequency Control, Stepper Motor Control,
Introduction to FACTS, Introduction to DC Power Supplies & Flyback Converter, UPS as AC
Power Supply, Magnetic Design Considerations.
Text Book:
1. Power Electronics Circuits, Devices and Applications by Muhammad H. Rashid, from PHI
and Pearson Education. Third Edition.
Reference Book:
1. Power Electronics by M D Singh and K B Khanchandani, TMH Publicaiton
2. Power Electronics by M S Jamil Asghar, PHI Publication
24
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-506 Electronic Circuit Design

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Electronic EC-506 00 02 Sessional -- -- 25 25 50
Circuit Design University -- --
The student will carryout mini circuit design project based upon following guidelines:
1. The project should be strictly hardware based.
2. The project can be carried out individually or in a group.
3. The project work involves fabrication, testing, calibration (if required) work of some
electronic circuit.
4. The project should be defended by adequate documentation & presentation.
5. A teacher can assign fabrication of trainer kits to the students.
6. Projects can be designed based on all tools, software packages, application packages,
computer languages tough so far.
25
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-601 Optical Communication

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Optical EC-601 03 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
1. Overview of Optical fiber Communications :-

Electromagnetic spectrum Evolution of fiber optic system, Elements of an optical fiber
transmission link
2. Optical fibers : Structures, Wave guiding and fabrication :
Optical laws and definitions, optical fiber modes and configurations, Mode theory, single
mode and graded index fibers, fiber materials, fabrication and mechanical properties, fiber
optic cables.
3. Signal Degradation in Optical fibers :
Attenuation, signal distortion in optical waveguides, pulse broadening in graded index fiber,
mode coupling
4. Optical Sources :
Light emitting diode (LEDs)-structures, materials, Figure of merits, characteristics &
Modulation. Laser Diodes -Modes & threshold conditions, resonant frequencies, structures,
characteristics and figure of merits, single mode lasers, Modulation of laser diodes,
temperature effects, Light source linearity.
5. Power Launching and Coupling.
Source-to fiber power launching, Lensing schemes, fiber-to-fiber joints, LED coupling to
single mode fibers, fiber splicing, connectors.
6. Photodetectors :
Principles of operation, types, characteristics, figure of merits of detectors photodiode
materials.
7. Optical Receiver Operation :
Receiver operation, Preamplifier types, Specification of receivers.
8. Transmission Systems :
Point –to-point link –system requirements and design of link, Multichannel Transmission
Techniques.
9. WDM Concepts and Components :
Principles of WDM, Passive Optical Components, Tunable sources and Filters
10. Advances in Optical Fiber Systems
Telecommunications & broadband application, SONET/SDH, DWDM, MUX, Analog &
Digital broadband, EDFA, optical switching
11. Fiber Optical Measurements:
Test Equipments, Measurement of Attenuation, Dispersion, NA, OTDR, EYE pattern
Technique.
Text Book: Optical Fiber Communication by Gerd Keiser, 3rd Edition(Mc Graw Hill)
Reference Books:
1. Optical Fiber Communication by John M. Senior
2. Fiber optical communication Technology by Djatar Mymbaev & Lowell L, Scheiner.
3. Fiber Optical Communication & Application by Zanger & Zanger Mc Milan Publications.
4. Optical Fiber Communication by Joseph C. Palais.
5. Optical Fiber Communication : Principles and Systems by Dr. A. Selvarajan TMH
26
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-602 VLSI TECHNOLOGY & DESIGN

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
VLSI EC-602 03 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
TECHNOLOG University 3 Hrs 100
Y & DESIGN
1. Introduction: Overview of VLSI design mythology, VLSI design flow, Design hierarchy,
Concept of regularity, Modularity ,and Locality, VLSI design style, Design quality, package
technology, ,computer aided design technology.
2. Fabrication of MOSFET: Introduction, Fabrication Process flow: Basic steps, C-MOS
n-Well Process, Layout Design rules, full custom mask layout design.
3. MOS Transistor:The Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) structure, The MOS System under
external bias, Structure &Operation of MOS transistor, MOSFET Current-Voltage
characteristics, MOSFET scaling & small-geometry effects, MOSFET capacitances
4. MOS inverters: Static characteristics: Introduction, Resistive load Inverter, Inverter
with n-type MOSFET load (Enhancement & Depletion type MOSFET load), CMOS Inverter
5. MOS inverters Switching characteristics and Interconnect Effects: Introduction, Delay-
time definitions, Calculation of Delay times, Inverter design with delay constraints,
Estimation of Interconnect Parasitics, Calculation of interconnect delay, Switching Power
Dissipation of CMOS Inverters
6. Combinational MOS Logic circuits. :Introduction, MOS logic circuits with Depletion
nMOS Loads, CMOS logic circuits, Complex logic circuits, CMOS Transmission Gates
(TGs)
7. Sequential MOS Logic circuits :Introduction, Behaviour of Bistable elements, The SR latch
circuit, Clocked latch & Flip-flop circuit, CMOS D-latch & Edge-triggered flip-flop
8. Dynamic Logic Circuits :Introduction, Basic Principles of pass transistor circuits, Voltage
Bootstrapping, Synchronous Dynamic Circuit Techniques, CMOS Dynamic Circuit
Techniques, High-performance Dynamic CMOS circuits
9. Chip I/P and O/P circuits :On chip Clock Generation and Distribution, Latch –Up and its
Prevention
10. Design for testability :Introduction, Fault types and models, Controllability and
observability, Ad Hoc Testable design techniques, Scan –based techniques, built-in Self Test
(BIST) techniques, current monitoring IDDQ test
Text Book:
1. Book: CMOS Digital Integrated circuits – Analysis and Design by Sung – Mo kang, Yusuf
Leblebici, TATA McGraw-Hill Pub. Company Ltd. Third Edition.
Reference Books:
(1) Basic VLSI Design By Pucknell & Eshraghian, PHI,3rd ed.
(2) Introduction to VLSI Systems by Mead C & Conway, Addison Wesley
(3) Digital Integrated Circuits: A Design Perspective By Jan M. Rabaey, PHI
FOR LABORATORY
1. Minimum 9 practicals Based on VHDL/Verilog
2. Minimum 3 Practicals Based on Pspice/spice of MOSFET Characteristics
3. Minimum 2 Practicals on Layout Tools (Magic/Lasi)
VLSI design methodologies should be covered during Laboratory sessions.
One small Project per group of 2/3 students is Optional.
Book for Laboratory:
1. VHDL primer by J.Bhaskar , Addision Wesley , Pearson Ed.
OR
2. Verilog primer by J.Bhaskar , Addision Wesley , Pearson Ed.
27
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-603 Microwave Engineering & Satellite Communication

Paper Marks
Microwave EC-603 03 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
Engineering & University 3 Hrs 100
Satellite
Communication
1. Introduction to microwaves
Microwave frequencies, advantages of microwaves, and general applications of microwaves
2. Microwave transmission lines
Transmission line equations & solutions, reflection and transmission coefficient, standing
wave and standing wave ratio, line impedance and admittance, smith chart, impedance
matching
3. Microwave waveguides
Rectangular waveguides (With all necessary details and derivations)
4. Microwave components & their s-parameters. Wave-guide tees, magic tees, wave-guide
corners, bends, twists, directional couples, circulars and isolators.
5. Microwave tubes and circuits.
Limitations of conventional tubes at UHF & Microwave, Klystrons, velocity modulation,
multicavity klystron, reflex klystron, traveling wave tube, Magnetron.
6. Semiconductor microwave devices and circuits.
Strip lines and micro strip circuits, microwave transistors and integrated circuits, varactor
diodes, step-recovery diodes, parametric amplifiers, tunnel diode and its applications, Gunn
diode and its applications IMPATT diode, TRAPATT diode, PIN diode, schottky barrier
diodes.
7. Radar systems
Basic principle, radar range equation: powers and frequencies used in radar, basic pulsed
radar system, moving target indication, CW Doppler radar, Factor Influencing maximum
range, Effect of noise, Pulsed system, Modulators, Receiver band with requirements,
Factors governing pulse characteristics, Antennas and Scanning, Display Methods, Search
and Tracking radar systems, Moving target indicator (MTI), radar beacons, Other radar
systems, CW Doppler Radar, Frequency Modulated CW radar, Phased Array Radar, Planar
Array Radar.
8. Satellite communication
Kepler’s laws, geostationary orbits, power systems, altitude control, satellite station
keeping, transponders, uplink power budget, down link power budget, overall link budget,
digital carrier transmission, multiple-access methods, Antenna look angles, Limits of
Visibility, Frequency Plans and Polarization, Brief study of earth station systems.
9. Introduction to strip lines:
Microstrip lines, parallel strip lines, coplanar strip lines, shielded strip lines
Practical/TW: Practical / Term Work [minimum 8-10 experiments based on above topics.]
Books:
1) Microwave engineering, Sanjeev Gupta Khanna Pub.
2) Microwave engineering, Manojit Mitra, Dhanpatrai & Co.
3) Microwave Technology, Dennis Roddy , PHI
4) Microwave devices and circuits, by Samuel Liao, PHI
5) Electronic communication systems, by G.Kennedy, McGraw-Hill Book Company
6) Electronic communications, by Dennis Roddy & Jhon Coolen, PHI
28
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-604 Digital Communication

Scheme
Pract Paper Marks
Digital EC-604 03 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
1. Probability Theory & Random Variables:

Information, Probability, Conditional Probability Of Independent Events, Random Variable,
Variance of a random variable, Relation between probability and probability density, co relation
between random variables, Mean and variance of sum of random variables, random processes,
PSD of digital data, error function and complementary error function Discrete And Continuous
Variable, CDF, PDF, Gaussian PDF, Threshold Detection, Statistical Average, Chebyshev In
Equality, Raleigh Probability Density, The Central Limit Theorem Correction, Auto Correction.
2. Information Theory:
Concept & Measure Of Information, Source Coding, Error Free Communication Over A Noisy
Channel. Shannon Theorem, The Channel Capacity Of A Discrete Memory Less Channel,
Optimum System, Channel Capacity Of A Continuous Channel, Practical Communication
Systems In Light Of Shanon’s Equation
3. Formatting A Base Band Modulation:
Base Band System, the Sampling Theorem, Aliasing, Pulse Code Modulation, DPCM, Uniform
and Non-Uniform Quantization, Quantization Error In PCM, Delta Modulation, Adaptive Delta
Modulation, Snr Calculation. Non-Uniform Quantization, Delta Modulation, Adaptive Delta
Modulation, Phase Modulation, QAM, SNR Calculation.
4. Digital Communication Systems:
Digital Multiplexing, Line Coding, PSD Of On/Off Signal, Bipolar Signal, Duo Binary Signal,
Pulse Shaping, Nyquist First And Second Criterion For Zero ISI, Regenerative Repeaters,
Detection Error Probability, M-ary System, Scrambling, Digital Carrier System.
5. Error Correction Codes :Introduction, Linear Block Code, Cyclic Code, Convolution Code,
Burst Error Correcting And Detecting Code, Interlaced Code For Burst And Random Error
Correction, Comparison Of Coded And Un-Coded System.
6. Digital Modulation Techniques:
DEPSK, DPSK, BPSK, QPSK, QASK, MSK, M-ary-FSK, M-Arry-PSK, BFSK,
Comparison of Various Digital Modulation Techniques
7. Digital Communication Systems in Presence Of Noise:
Optimum Binary Receiver, Coherent And Non Coherent Detection Of ASK, FSK, PSK,
DPSK.
Text Book: 1. Principle of communication system by Taub & Schilling (TMH)
2. Digital and analog communication system by Simon Haykin(willey)
Ref Book:
1. Communication system by B. Carlon (TMH)
2. Digital and Analog communication system by B. P. Lathi(LCBS)
29
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-605 Audio Video Engineering

Paper Marks
Audio Video EC-605 03 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
Engineering University 3 Hrs 100
1. Microphones
2. Loud speakers
3. architectural Acoustics
4. Public Address Systems
5. Digital audio transmission
6. Television standards
7. Video signal characteristics
8. Video cameras
9. TV receivers
10. Digital transmission of video signals
Books:
1. Audio engineering by Kinsler and frey
2. Modern television practice by R. R. Gulati.
30
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-606(a) Radar and navigational Aids(elective-I)

Paper Marks
Radar and EC- 03 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
navigational 606(a) University 3 Hrs 100
Aids(elective-I)
1. Navigation: Introduction, Navigational Parameters, Types of Navigational Aids.

2. Principles of Radar: Introduction, Radar Equation, Radar frequencies, Radar Set, Radar
Applications, Receiver Noise, Signal to Noise Ratio, Transmitter Power, Pulse Repetition
Frequency, Pulse Duration, Propagation Effects, Displays, Mixers, Duplexers, Targets and
Clutters.
3. MTI Radar: Introduction, Operation of MTI Radar, MTI receiver with delay line
canceller, Multiple or staggered, Pulse repetition frequencies, Range gated Doppler filters,
Digital signal processing, MTI from a moving platform, Limitations to MTI performance
4. Modern Radar: Introduction to pulse Doppler Radar, Block diagram, Detection of
multiple target moving with different velocities, FMCW Radar, Military Radar &
Application.
5. Navigational and Remote Sensing Radar: Introduction, Airport Radar, Meteorological
Radars, Airborne Radar, Doppler Navigation , Doppler Navigation equipment, Distance
Measuring equipment, Navy Radar, Remote Sensing Radar, Synthetic aperture Radar,
Rainfall measurement.
6. Direction Findings: Introduction, Loop Antenna, Sense Finder, Increasing the Sensitivity
of Direction Finder, Goniometer method of increasing Loop Voltage, Errors in Direction
Finding, Automatic Direction Finder.
7. Aircraft Homing System and Instrument Landing System: Four course Radio
range, VOR, Doppler VOR, TACAN, ILS, Ground controlled Approach, Radio altimeter,
FMCW altimeter, Microwave landing system.
8. Hyperbolic Navigation:LORAN, DECCA, OMEGA etc.
Text Books:
1. Radar Systems and Radio AIDS to Navigation by Dr. A.K. Sen & A.B. Bhattacharya
‘Khanna Pub’
2. Introduction to Radar System by Skolnik (TMH)
3. Elements to Electronic Navigation by Nagraj (TMH)
31
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
B.E. – 4th Year (EC) 7TH sem
EC-701 Data Communication and Networking

Paper Marks
Data EC-701 04 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
and Networking
1. Introduction to Data Communication and Networking:

Data communication, use of Networks, Internet Protocols and standards, layering of Models,
OSI model, Internet model
2. Physical Layer:
Transmission media (Twisted pair, Coaxial cable, Fiber optic cable), Wireless Medium as
Physical Layer ( Electromagnetic Spectrum, ISM Band, Lightwave Transmission), Circuit
switching, Telephone network, DSL technology, Cable modem, SONET/SDH
3. Data Link Layer:
Services to N/W layer, Framing, Bit Stuffing, Character Stuffing, Error Correction, Error
control, Flow control mechanism stop & wait, Go-back-, Selective repeat.. Example data link
protocol HDLC, PPP.
4. Medium Access Layer:
Channel allocation problem, Multiple Access, CSMA, CSMA/CD, CSMA/CA
5. Local Area Network:
Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, Wireless LAN, Blue tooth, Connecting devices-
Repeaters, Hub, Bridges, Switch, Router, Gateways, Virtual LAN, Broadband Wireless
Networks
6. Example Networks:
X.25, Frame Relay, ATM, ISDN
7. Network Layer:
Packet Switching, Virtual circuits and datagram, Static and Dynamic Routing Algorithms
(Optimality principle, Static Routing Algorithms, Shortest Path, Flooding, Dynamic routing
Algorithms, Distance Vector, Link state routing.), IP Addressing , CIDR & NAT, IP layer
protocols (ICMP, ARP, RARP, DHCP, BOOTP,), IPv6, Congestion control Algorithms
(Principles, policies, Algorithms), QoS- Quality of Service (Integrated Services & Differentiated
Services )
8. Transport layer:
Elements of Transport protocols, Internet protocols - TCP & UDP, Basics of Socket
programming using client server model
9. Application Layer:
DNS- Domain Name System, E-mail, FTP, World Wide Web, Introduction to Multimedia over
Networks & Introduction to VOIP
10. Network Security:
Cryptography, Symmetric key Algorithms, DES, AES, Public key Algorithms, RSA, Digital
Signatures, Firewall, IPSec
Text/ Reference Books:
1. Computer Networks, by A.S .Tanenbaum, PHI
2. Data and Communication Networking, by Behrouz Forouzan, TMH
3. Communication Networks, by Widjaja
32
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-702 Digital Signal Processing

Paper Marks
Digital Signal EC-702 04 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
Processing University 3 Hrs 100
1. Introduction
2. Discrete-Time Signals and Systems :
Introduction, Discrete-Time Signals, Discrete-Time Systems, LTI Systems, Properties of
LTI Systems, Linear Constant Co-efficient Difference equations, Frequency domain
representation of Discrete-Time Signals & Systems, Representation of sequences by
Fourier Transform, Properties of Fourier Transform, and correlation of signals Fourier
Transform Theorms, Discrete-Time random signals.
3. The Z- Transform:
Z-Transform, Properties of ROC for Z-transform, the inverse Z-transform, Z-transform
properties
4. Sampling of Continuous-Time Signals:
Periodic Sampling, Frequency domain representation of sampling, Reconstructions of band
limited signals from its samples.
5. Transform Analysis of Linear Time-Invariant System:
Frequency response of LTI system, System functions for systems with linear constant-
coefficient Difference equations, Freq. response of rational system functions relationship
between magnitude & phase, All pass systems, Minimum/Maximum phase systems, Linear
system with generalized.
6. Structures for Discrete Time Systems:
Block Diagram representation of Linear Constant-Coefficient Difference equations, Basic
Structures of IIR Systems, Transposed forms Basic Structures for FIR Systems, Overview
of finite-precision Numerical effects, Effects of Co-efficient quantization, Effect of round
off noise in digital filters, Zero input limit cycles in Fixed-point realizations of IIR filters,
Lattice structures.
7. Filter Design Techniques:
Design of Discrete-Time IIR filters from Continuous-Time filters, Design of FIR filters by
windowing Optimum approximations of FIR filters, FIR equiripple approximations
8. Discrete-Fourier Transform:
Representation of Periodic sequences: The discrete Fourier Series, Properties of discrete
Fourier Series, Fourier Transform of Periodic Signals, Sampling the Fourier Transform,
The Discrete-Fourier Transform, Properties of DFT, Linear Convolution using DFT.
9. Computation of Discrete-Fourier Transform:
Efficient Computation of DFT, Goertzel Algorithm, Decimation-in-Time FFT Algorithms,
Decimation-in-Frequency FFT Algorithm
10. Applications of DSP.
11. Architecture of DSP Processors
Practical / TW: Practical / Term Work [minimum 8-10 experiments based on above topics.]
Text Books:
1. “Discrete Time Signal Processing:, Oppeheim, Schafer, Buck Pearson education
publication, 2nd Edition, 2003.
2. “Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithm & Application”, Proakis,
Manolakis, PHI, 2003, 3rd Edition.
Reference Books:
1. “Digital Signal Processing: A Computer Based approach”, Sanjit Mitra, McGrawHill
2. MATLAB user’s guide.
33
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-703 Wireless Communication

Paper Marks
Mobile EC-703 04 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
1. Wireless Radio Propagation environment: Multipath propagation environments, multipath

propagation models (W.C. lee and Okumora), reflection, scattering, fading, shadowing
multipath effects, Doppler measurement.
2. Introduction to cellular mobile systems: Hexagonal cell and concept of frequency reuse,
Distance to frequency reuse ratio ,channel & co channel interference reduction factor, hand off
mechanisms, Hard, Soft & forced handoffs , Cell splitting, Umbrella Cell Concept, Cell
Sectoring, S/I ratio consideration and calculation for Minimum Co-channel and adjacent
interference.
3. Frequency management: Spectrum utilization, setup channel, access channel, fixed Channel
assignment. Intra system hand off mechanisms
4. Introduction of Access Techniques: TDM, FDMA, TDMA and CDMA.
5. Digital modulation methods for wireless communication: QPSK, OQPSK, MSK and GMSK.
6. Digital Cellular Systems & Standards:
Introduction to GSM cellular standard, GSM standardization and service aspects, reference
architecture and functioning partitioning, radio and service aspects, A typical call flow
sequence, Introduction to IS-95, service aspects, network reference model & service aspects,
radio aspects and tone key features of IS-95 CDMA systems.
Introduction to IMT-2000 service aspects, network reference model & service aspects, radio
aspects and tone key features of IMT-2000 CDMA systems.
7. Introduction to UTP concepts & service aspects: Introduction to UTP, Concept of UTP,
Service aspects.
8. Mobile satellite Communication Networks: Mobile satellite systems, Introduction, Geo-
stationary satellite systems, little LEO satellites, Satellite personal communication networks,
Radio link deign, Link budget analysis modulation, channel coding, Multiple access, Network
procedures, Signalling protocols, Mobility management, resource management, integrated
terrestrial mobile networks, Integration with PSTN, Integration with GSM, Integration with 3G
networks.
Practical/TW : Practical / Term Work [minimum 8-10 experiments based on above topics.]
Books:
(1) Wireless communications, principles and practices, by Theodore s. Rappaport,
Pearson Education.
(2) Mobile cellular Telecommunication Analog and digital system (second edition) by
William C.Y.Lee MC Graw-Hill.
(3 ) Mobile and personal Communication system and services by Rajpandya , IEEE press (PHI).
(4) Wireless digital communications by Dr. Kamilo Feher PHI.
(5) Wireless communication by Andreas F. Molish(WIELY INDIA EDITION)
(6) Mobile satellite communication by Dr. Kamilo Feher PHI
34
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-704 Embedded Systems

Paper Marks
Embedded EC-704 04 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
Systems University 3 Hrs 100
1. Introduction to Embedded Systems: Processor in the system, Hardware Units, software

embedded into a system, exemplary embedded systems, embedded SoC and VLSI circuit
(Book-1)
2. Processors: Single purpose and General purpose processors, their basic architecture,
operations, application specific instruction set processors (ASIPs), Digital signal processors
(DSPs), ARM processors, SHARC processors, (Book-2)
3. OS system services: IO sub-system, network OS, RTOS in embedded systems, Interrupt
routine in RTOS environment, RTOS,RTOS Task scheduling Models, Interrupt Latency and
Response Times of tasks, Performance Metric in scheduling Models, IEEE standard POSIX,
Basic action in Preemptive scheduler, Strategy for synchronization between Processor ISRs
and OS functions, Embedded Linux Internals, OS security issues, Mobile OS, Multiple tasks
and multiple process, processes, context switching, Operating systems, Scheduling policies,
Interprocess communication mechanisms, Evaluating OS performance, power optimization
strategies for process. (Book 1 and 2)
4. Device driver: Parallel port devices drivers, serial port device drivers, Devices drivers for
internal programmable timing devices, Interrupt services mechanism, Deadline and
interrupt latency(Book-1)
5. Networks for embedded systems: I2C Bus, CAN bus, SHARC link ports, Myrinet, Traffic
manager and its basic architecture. network processors their basic architecture.(Book-2,
Book 3)
6. Embedded system design process: system design techniques, design methodologies,
requirement analysis, specifications, system analysis and architecture design, Quality
assurance, design example.(Book-2)
Books
1. Embedded Systems, Architecture, Programming and Design, By Raj Kamal (Tata McGraw
Hill)
2. Computers as components Principles of embedded computing system design, By Wayne
Wolf (Morgan Kaufmann Pub.)
3. Network System design using Network processor By comer (Pearson Education)
35
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-705 Electronics System Design I

Theory Lab/ Pract Exam Theory Theory Pract/ TW Total
Paper Marks Oral
Electronics EC-705 00 06 Sessional 0 0 100 100 200
System Design University 0 0
I
Each student will take up a project involving analysis, design, implementation and testing of
substantial hardware, software or any combination thereof in the field of study. Periodical internal
assessment will be done by internal faculties only. A project report will be prepared and submitted
for a viva - voce examination at the end of term
36
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
B.E. – 4th Year (EC) 8TH sem wef 2009-10
EC-801 Project

Paper Marks
Electronics EC-801 00 18 Sessional 100 200 300
System Design- University
II
Each student will take up a project involving analysis, design, implementation and testing of
substantial hardware, software or any combination thereof in the field of study. Periodical internal
assessment will be done by internal faculties only. A project report will be prepared and submitted
for a viva - voce examination at the end of term.
37
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-802 Mobile Communication

Paper Marks
Mobile EC-802 04 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
1.Introduction to cellular mobile systems: Hexagonal cell and concept of frequency reuse,
Distance to frequency reuse ratio ,channel & co channel interference reduction factor, hand off
mechanisms, Hard, Soft & forced handoffs , Cell splitting, Umbrella Cell Concept, Cell Sectoring,
S/I ratio consideration and calculation for Minimum Co-channel and adjacent interference.
2.Frequency management: Spectrum utilization, setup channel, access channel, fixed Channel
assignment. Intra system hand off mechanisms
3.Introduction of Access Techniques: TDM, FDMA, TDMA and CDMA.
4.Digital modulation methods for wireless communication: QPSK, OQPSK, MSK and GMSK.
5. Digital Cellular Systems & Standards:

Introduction to GSM cellular standard, GSM standardization and service aspects, reference
architecture and functioning partitioning, radio and service aspects. A typical call flow
sequence. CDMA2000 system.
Introduction to IMT-2000 service aspects, network reference model & service aspects, radio
aspects and tone key features of IMT-2000 CDMA systems.
9. Introduction to UTP concepts & service aspects: Introduction to UTP, Concept of UTP,
Service aspects.
10. Mobile satellite Communication Networks: Mobile satellite systems, Introduction, Geo-
stationary satellite systems, little LEO satellites, Satellite personal communication neworks,
Radio link deign, Link budget analysis modulation, channel coding, Multiple access, Network
procedures, Signaling protocols, Mobility management, resource management, integrated
terrestrial mobile networks, Integration with PSTN, Integration with GSM, Integration with 3G
networks.
Books:
(1) Wireless communications, principles and practices, by Theodore s. Rappaport,
Pearson Education.
(2) Mobile cellular Telecommunication Analog and digital system (second edition) by
William C.Y.Lee MC Graw-Hill.
(3 ) Mobile and personal Communication system and services by Rajpandya , IEEE press (PHI).
(4) Wireless digital communications by Dr. Kamilo Feher PHI.
(5) Wireless communication by Andreas F. Molish(WIELY INDIA EDITION)
(6) Mobile satellite communication by Dr. Kamilo Feher PHI
38
GUJARAT UNIVERSITY
EC-803 Digital Systems Design

Paper Marks
Digital System EC-803 04 02 Sessional 1.5 Hrs 25 25 150
Designs University 3 Hrs 100
Introduction to Programmable logic

Electronic System Design
PCB Design
Design Language
Introduction to Digital logic design
Interfacing digital logic to the real world: ADC,DAC, Power Electronics
Testing the Electronic Systems
System Level Design
Text Book: Digital Systems Design with FPGAs & CPLDs

By Ian Grout – 2008 edition Elsevier Publication
39

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