BIM Process

✓ BIM definition: According to the US National Building Information Model Standard Project Committee
BIM is a digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of a facility.

✓ The significant disciplines such as architectural, structural and MEP designs should be well
coordinated, as two things can not take place at the same place and time. BIM additionally is able to
aid in collision detection, identifying the exact location of discrepancies.

✓ Sub-contractors from every trade can input critical information into the model before beginning
construction, with opportunities to pre-fabricate or pre-assemble some systems off-site. Waste can
be minimised on-site and products delivered on a just-in-time basis rather than being stock-piled on-
site.

✓ Green BIM: BIM in green building, or "green BIM", is a process that can help architecture, engineering
and construction firms to increase sustainability in the construction industry. It can allow architects
and engineers to integrate and analyze environmental issues in their design over the life cycle of the
building.

✓ Designers may quantify the environmental impacts of systems and materials to support the decisions
needed to design sustainable buildings, using information about sustainable materials that are stored
in the database and interoperability between the design and analysis tools. Such data allows for the
evaluation of the full life cycle assessments (LCAs) of buildings.

✓ Application of BIM in green construction: land saving, water saving, energy saving, material saving

✓ BIM Dimensions: Traditional building design was largely reliant upon two-dimensional technical
drawings (plans, elevations, sections, etc.). Building information modeling extends this beyond 3D,
augmenting the three primary spatial dimensions (width, height and depth) with time as the fourth
dimension (4D) and cost as the fifth (5D). BIM therefore covers more than just geometry. It also covers
spatial relationships, light analysis, geographic information, and quantities and properties of building
components (for example, manufacturers' details).

✓ BIM software also defines objects parametrically; that is, the objects are defined as parameters and
relations to other objects, so that if a related object is amended, dependent ones will automatically
also change.

✓ For the professionals involved in a project, BIM enables a virtual information model to be handed
from the design team (architects, landscape architects, surveyors, civil, structural and building
services engineers, etc.) to the main contractor and subcontractors and then on to the
owner/operator; each professional adds discipline-specific data to the single shared model. This
 reduces information losses that traditionally occurred when a new team takes 'ownership' of the
project, and provides more extensive information to owners of complex structures.

✓ BIM definition: The American Institute of Architects has defined BIM as "a model-based technology
linked with a database of project information.”

✓ The BIM concept envisages virtual construction of a facility prior to its actual physical construction, in
order to reduce uncertainty, improve safety, work out problems, and simulate and analyze potential
impacts. Sub-contractors from every trade can input critical information into the model before
beginning construction, with opportunities to pre-fabricate or pre-assemble some systems off-site.
Waste can be minimised on-site and products delivered on a just-in-time basis rather than being stock-
piled on-site.

✓ BIM prevents errors by enabling conflict or 'clash detection' whereby the computer model visually
highlights to the team where parts of the building (e.g.:structural frame and building services pipes or
ducts) may wrongly intersect.

✓ Proponents claim that BIM offers: Improved visualization, Improved productivity due to easy retrieval
of information, Increased coordination of construction documents, Embedding and linking of vital
information such as vendors for specific materials, location of details and quantities required for
estimation and tendering, Increased speed of delivery, Reduced costs

✓ The Associated General Contractors of America and US contracting firms have developed various
working definitions of BIM that describe it generally as an object-oriented building development tool
that utilizes 3-D modeling concepts, information technology and software interoperability to design,
construct and operate a building project, as well as communicate its details.

✓ Although the concept of BIM and relevant processes are being explored by contractors, architects and
developers alike, the term itself has been questioned and debated with alternatives including Virtual
Building Environment (VBE) and virtual design and construction (VDC) also considered.

✓ BIM guidelines: Unlike some countries such as the UK, the US has not adopted a set of national BIM
guidelines, allowing different systems to remain in competition.

✓ BIM wash: BIM Wash or BIM Washing is a term describing the inflated, and/or deceptive, claim of
using or delivering Building Information Modeling services or products.

✓ BIM dimensions: Traditional building design was largely reliant upon two-dimensional technical
drawings (plans, elevations, sections, etc). Building information modeling extends this beyond 3D,
augmenting the three primary spatial dimensions (width, height and depth) with time as the fourth
dimension (4D) and cost as the fifth (5D). More recently there are also references to a sixth dimension
 (6D) representing building environmental and sustainability analysis, and a seventh dimension (7D)
for life-cycle facility management aspect, although there are conflicting definitions (6D BIM).

✓ For the professionals involved in a project, BIM enables a virtual information model to be handed
from the design team (architects, landscape architects, surveyors, civil, structural and building
services engineers, etc.) to the main contractor and subcontractors and then on to the
owner/operator; each professional adds discipline-specific data to the single shared model. This
reduces information losses that traditionally occurred when a new team takes 'ownership' of the
project, and provides more extensive information to owners of complex structures.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_information_modeling#BIM_origins_and_elements

✓ Examples:

1.A building owner may find evidence of a leak in his building. Rather than exploring the physical
building, he may turn to the model and see that a water valve is located in the suspect location. He
could also have in the model the specific valve size, manufacturer, part number, etc.

2.Trying to model a building constructed in, say 1927, requires numerous assumptions about design
standards, building codes, construction methods, materials, etc., and is therefore more complex than
building a model during design.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_information_modeling#BIM_origins_and_elements

✓ BIM in Malaysia: BIM implementation is targeted towards BIM Stage 2 by the year 2020 led by the
Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB Malaysia). Under the Construction Industry Master
Plan 2016-2020. It is hoped more emphasis on technology adoption across the project life-cycle will
induce higher productivity.

URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_information_modeling#BIM_origins_and_elements

✓ BIM Levels: There are a number of 'levels of maturity' of BIM. Level 0 describes unmanaged CAD
(Computer Aided Design). Level 1 describes managed CAD in 2D or 3D. Level 2 involves developing
building information in a collaborative 3D environment with data attached, but created in separate
discipline models.

✓ BIM level 3, which is currently seen as the holy grail, represents full collaboration between all
disciplines by means of using a single, shared project model which is held in a centralized repository.
 All parties can access and modify that same model, and the benefit is that it removes the final layer
of risk for conflicting information. This is known as ‘Open BIM’.

Source: https://www.thenbs.com/knowledge/bim-levels-explained

The BIM maturity model by Mark Bew and Mervyn Richards adapted to reflect BLM’s relationship to level 3

Source: http://blogs.3ds.com/perspectives/what-is-bim-level-3/

✓ BIM Level 3 is the only approach that fully connects the data chain from start to finish, helping to
create end-to-end efficiencies. In a Level 3 system, BIM data is not converted into files and emailed
or sent via FTP sites to various parties. A Single Source of Truth is established, stored in a database on
the cloud, and accessible by all project contributors through web services.
✓ BIM+PLM=BLM

BIM: Building Information Modeling

BLM enables BIM level 3.

Source: http://blogs.3ds.com/perspectives/what-is-bim-level-3/

Source: http://www.smartcities-
infosystem.eu/sites/default/files/need4b_recommendation_and_selection_of_bim_tools_and_standards_for_information_exc
hange.pdf

✓ Revit software: Autodesk’s Revit is by far the most used BIM authoring software, to the point where
it is almost synonymous with the term “BIM.” (DISCLAIMER: BIM is not a software, it’s a
methodology that consists of various processes/workflows/documentation/etc.)

Source: https://www.e-zigurat.com/noticias/bim-authoring-software/
 BIM software by demosite

Source: http://www.smartcities-
infosystem.eu/sites/default/files/need4b_recommendation_and_selection_of_bim_tools_and_standards_for_information_exc
hange.pdf