Electronic

Road Pricing

N.Mani Sandeep,
M.Arch 3rd Sem
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 What we see What we might see

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 Land area: 720 km2
Singapore’s Urbanisation Population: 5.6 mil
Density: 7,800 /km2

1965 Today
Growth
Unsustainable!

Resident Population: Resident Population:

~1.8 million ~5.6 million 3 times
Vehicle Population: Vehicle Population:
~160,000 ~957,000 6 times
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Key Challenges of Urbanisation
Increasing Travel Demand
Population increase, intensive development and change in lifestyle

Land Constraints
12% of total land used for road and land transport
infrastructure

Ageing Population
30% aged 65 and above by 2030

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 Previous System
Area Licensing Scheme (ALS) -1975
 Within the city area  Cars and taxis required to
purchase ALS coupon

 Enforcement officers

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2016 Land Transport Authority
 Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) - 1998

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Intelligent and Sustainable Transport

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 What is ERP?
• The Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) system is an electronic toll
collection scheme adopted in Singapore to manage traffic by way
of road pricing, and as a usage-based taxation mechanism to
complement the purchase-based Certificate of Entitlement system.
The ERP was implemented by the Land Transport Authority in
September 1998 to replace the Singapore Area Licensing
Scheme after successfully stress-testing the system with vehicles
running at high speed. Singapore was the first city in the world to
implement an electronic road toll collection system for purposes
of congestion pricing. The system uses open road tolling; vehicles do
not stop or slow down to pay tolls
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 How it works?

1 2 3 4
1. Identify
Identification Debiting 2. Pay
Verification 3. Enforce
Photo Capture
(IU Smart Card) (Error / Violation)

2nd GANTRY 1st GANTRY

SENSOR CAMERA

RADIO ANTENNA
RADIO ANTENNA

ROAD MARKINGS 9

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2016 Land Transport Authority
 Why ERP?
 Reduce manpower needs
 Improve Enforcement
 Equitable Pricing – per entry charge
 Variable charge based on Congestion Level

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 Regular Review of ERP Charges
 Reviewed every 3 months & during school
holidays
 To ensure optimal use of road space

Expressways 45 kph 65 kph

Increase ERP Rates Decrease

Increase ERP Rates Decrease

20 kph 30 kph Arterial Roads

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 Extending its Use to Parking
Conventional Process

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 Electronic Parking System (EPS)
Alternative Seamless
payment for
vehicle without IU Drive-Thru
Improved
capacity
Convenient for
motorists For vehicle
Improve with IU
productivity, no
cash handling
Reliable & secure

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 Keeping Key Objectives in Mind

Achieve Traffic Optimisation

 Optimise use of road network by

influencing travel behaviour

 Enhance Mobility Experience of

motorists

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Possible Congestion Charging Schemes

Point Cordon Distance-based

$x/km

$x/km

$y/km

$y/km

Charging at Charging entering Charging along

strategic points economic centres stretches of road

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Enhanced ERP Capabilities

Traffic Info Collection

& Dissemination

Checkpoint Off Peak Car

Tolling
Next-
Generation
ERP
System Enhanced
Roadside Electronic
Parking Parking

Congestion
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Management
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Enhanced ERP Capabilities

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Flexible for Future Applications
V2X Applications Industry Applications
Vehicle Priority System
Usage Based Insurance
Enhanced Junction Fleet Management/
Safety Urban Logistics
Enhanced SDV
Barrier-less Parking
situational awareness

Traffic-based Applications Public Transport Applications

Enhanced Traffic Light Enhanced PT operations
System with Interfaced to
NOBE/CFMS
Traffic aware navigation Enhanced bus arrival
info
… many more possibilities

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2016 Land Transport Authority
Thank You!!

Copyright © 2017
2016 Land Transport Authority