Assignment V

Estimation Theory
Additional Problems and Solutions
Q7. Suppose the following data are selected randomly from a population of normally
distributed values.

40 51 43 48 44 57 54

39 42 48 45 39 43

Construct a 99% confidence interval to estimate the population mean.

Solution:

n = 13 x = 45.62 s = 5.694 df = 13 – 1 = 12

95% Confidence Interval

/2=.025 t.025,12 = 2.179

s 5.694
xt = 45.62 ± 2.179 = 45.62 ± 3.44 = 42.18 < µ < 49.06
n 13

Q8. If a random sample of 27 items produces sample mean = 128.4 and s = 20.6. What is the
98% confidence interval for the population mean? What is the point estimate?

Solution:

n = 27 x = 128.4 s = 20.64 df = 27 – 1 = 26

98% Confidence Interval

/2=.01 t.01,26 = 2.479

s 20.6
xt = 128.4 ± 2.479 = 128.4 ± 9.83 = 118.57 < µ < 138.23
n 27

x = 128.4 Point Estimate

Q9. A valve manufacturer produces a butterfly valve composed of two semicircular plates on
a common spindle that is used to permit flow in one direction only. The semicircular
plates are supplied by a vendor with specifications that the plates be 2.37 millimeters
 thick and have a tensile strength of 5 pounds per millimeter. A random sample of 20 such
plates is taken. Electronic calipers are used to measure the thickness of each plate.
Assume that the thickness of such plates is normally distributed; use the data to construct
a 95% level of confidence for the population mean thickness of these plates. What is the
point estimate? How much is the error of the interval?

2.4066 2.4579 2.6724 2.1228 2.3238

2.1328 2.0665 2.2738 2.2055 2.5267

2.5937 2.1994 2.5392 2.4359 2.2146

2.1933 2.4575 2.7956 2.3353 2.2699

Solution:

n = 20 df = 19 95% CI t.025,19 = 2.093

x = 2.36116 s = 0.19721

0.1972
2.36116 + 2.093 = 2.36116 + 0.0923 = 2.26886 <  < 2.45346
20

Point Estimate = 2.36116

Error = 0.0923

Q10. For each of the following sample results, construct the required confidence interval.
Assume the data come from normally distributed populations.

a. Sample size = 12, Sample mean = 28.4, sample standard deviation = 44.9;
99% confidence for population variance.

b. Sample size = 7, Sample mean = 4.37, sample standard deviation = 1.24;

95% confidence for population variance.

c. Sample size = 20, Sample mean = 105, sample standard deviation = 32;
90% confidence for population variance.

d. Sample size = 17, sample variance = 18.56; 80% confidence for

population variance.

Solution:

a) n = 12 x = 28.4 s2 = 44.9 99% C.I. df = 12 – 1 = 11

 2.995,11 = 2.60321 2.005,11 = 26.7569

(12  1)( 44.9) (12  1)( 44.9)

< 2 <
26.7569 2.60321

18.46 < 2 < 189.73

b) n=7 x = 4.37 s = 1.24 s2 = 1.5376

95% C.I. df = 12 – 1 = 11

2.975,6 = 1.237347 2.025,6 = 14.4494

(7  1)(1.5376) (7  1)(1.5376)
< 2 <
14.4494 1.237347

0.64 < 2 < 7.46

c) n = 20 x = 105 s = 32 s2 = 1024

90% C.I. df = 20 – 1 = 19

2.95,19 = 10.117 2.05,19 = 30.1435

(20  1)(1024) (20  1)(1024)

< 2 <
30.1435 10.117

645.45 < 2 < 1923.10

d) n = 17 s2 = 18.56 80% C.I. df = 17 – 1 = 16

2.90,16 = 9.31223 2.10,16 = 23.5418

(17  1)(18.56) (17  1)(18.56)

< 2 <
23.5418 9.31223

12.61 < 2 < 31.89

Q11. A manufacturing plant produces steel rods. During one production run of 20,000 such
rods, the specification called for rods were 46 centimeters in length and 3.8 centimeters in
 width. Fifteen of these rods comprising a random sample were measured for length; the
resulting measures are shown here. Use these data to estimate the population variance of
length for rods. Assume rod length is normally distributed in the population.. Construct a
99% confidence interval. Discuss the ramification s of the results.

44 cm 47 cm 43 cm 46 cm 46 cm

45 cm 43 cm 44 cm 47 cm 46 cm

48 cm 48 cm 43 cm 44 cm 45 cm

Solution:

n = 15 s2 = 3.067 99% C.I. df = 15 – 1 = 14

2.995,14 = 4.07468 2.005,14 = 31.3193

(15  1)(3.067) (15  1)(3.067)

< 2 <
31.3193 24.07468

1.37 < 2 < 10.54

Q12 Use the following sample data to estimate the population variance. Produce a point
estimate and a 98% confidence interval. Assume the data come from a normally
distributed population.

` 27 40 32 41 45 29 33 39

30 28 36 32 42 40 38 46

Solution:

33 n = 16 s2 = 37.1833 98% C.I. df = 16-1 = 15

2.99,15 = 5.22935 2.01,15 = 30.5779

(16  1)(37.1833) (16  1)(37.1833)

< 2 <
30.5779 5.22935

18.24 < 2 < 106.66