Maintenance OF Micro Hydro: A Proposal ON

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A

PROPOSAL
ON
MAINTENANCE
OF
MICRO HYDRO

SUBMITTED TO:
TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING
CENTER FOR ENERGY STUDIES

SUBMITTED BY:
PAURAKHI CONSTRUCTION PVT. LTD.
Anish Acharya
070BME607

DATE: August 16,2016


TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................ii


LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................. iii
LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................ iii
ABSTRACT .........................................................................................................iv
1.INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................... 1
2. STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS .................................................................. 3
3.OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT ............................................................... 4
3. METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................... 5
3.1 PRIMARY SOURCES OF DATA COLLECTION ............................................... 5
3.1.1 OBSERVATIONS ........................................................................... 5
3.1.2 INTERVIEW ................................................................................... 5
3.2 SECONDARY SOURCES OF DATA COLLECTION .......................................... 5
4. COST MANAGEMENT .............................................................................. 6
5.TIME MANAGEMENT ................................................................................ 7
6. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................. 8

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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Cost Estimation ............................................................................................................. 6
Table 2 Time Management ........................................................................................................ 7

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Micro Hydro Plant Layout........................................................................................... 2
Figure 2 Gantt Chart for time management ............................................................................... 7

iii
ABSTRACT

The main concern of this proposal is the repair and maintenance of Micro Hydro Plant in
CES (Center for Energy Studies). Civil components, electro-mechanical components and
other components are in critical condition. As a result, different studies related to hydro
power have stalled or we have to go to other places for research. So, we are trying to repair
this plant in most economical way from the data collected during plant observation and
interviews. Due to this project, students will be able to get acquainted about working of
Micro Hydro Plant. It will also help in conducting research about the hydro power in the
future. Therefore, repair and maintenance of this plant is necessary.

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1.INTRODUCTION

Hydro-electricity is fundamentally the combination of water flow and head. Vertical drop
creates pressure, and the continuous flow of water in a hydro system gives us an ongoing
source of pressurized liquid energy. Pressurized, flowing water is a very dense resource, and
hydro-electric systems convert a very large percentage of the available energy into electricity.

Unlike wind and sun, the right hydro resource can be available 24 hours a day, 365 days a
year. This allowed pioneers to run irrigation pumps and grain mills, and allows people today
to make clean, renewable electricity at a reasonable cost.

The basic components of a small hydro-electric system, running from “water to wire” are:

 Diversion and intake screen—Directs water from the stream or river into the pipe or
channel
 Penstock (pipeline)—Carries the water to the turbine
 Turbine—Generates electricity (includes nozzles, runner, and generator)
 Electronics and batteries (if used)—Regulates turbine and stores energy
 Dump load—Absorbs surplus energy
 Transmission and distribution—Delivers the energy to its end use

But the micro hydro present near CES has following components:

 Upper pond
 Forebay
 Penstock pipe
 Turbine
 Spillway pipe
 Pump
 Generator
 Dump load
 Load distribution System

1
Figure 1 Micro Hydro Plant Layout
The turbine uses rain water collected at the lower pond. The water was then pumped up to the
upper pond and forebay tank which passes through the penstock and hit the turbine to
produce electricity. The power house is also equipped to simulate the load distribution.

Though this plant is not for electricity generation and supply, it will be boon to mechanical
engineering students. Students will be acquainted working of Micro Hydro Project. It will
also help in conducting research about the hydro power in the future.

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2. STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

i. As of today, there is no turbine installed


ii. The upper is covered with dust, dirt, stones and leaves
iii. The plant is getting old and unavailability of the maintenance has damaged its
penstock, forebay and v-notch.
iv. Two turbines are available but both need repairs.
v. Lower pond is covered with polluted water and algae.
vi. Condition of power house is also critical.
vii. Available pumps also need repairing.
viii. Water carrying canal has blockage.
ix. The load distribution system is also broken.
x. The generator also need repairing.

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3.OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

i. The turbines will be repaired and installed in power house.


ii. Thorough check of each and every item in power house and necessary action of
repairing old one or installing new item.
iii. Repair pumps and generators.
iv. Install new load distribution system.
v. The penstock pipe, spillway pipe will be cleaned and repaired.
vi. Clean water carrying canal
vii. Clean and replace the water in lower pond

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3. METHODOLOGY

To know the actual condition of the Micro Hydro and to solve the problems in the plant,
different types of data will be collected. Collection of the data will be done in two categories:
primary sources and secondary sources of data collection.

3.1 PRIMARY SOURCES OF DATA COLLECTION


Primary source of data collection will be done by observing the condition of the hydropower.
Our special technical team will be sent to observe the present status of the plant.

3.1.1 OBSERVATIONS
First the condition of the plant will be recognized. Then, necessity of the maintenance and its
benefits will be known. The past information of the plant, present condition and the problems
that may arise in future will be totally investigated.

3.1.2 INTERVIEW
We will ask different technical problems to the specialist and related personals about the
project. We will get the solution of the unsolved problems. As far as possible; we will try to
get the information about the hidden problems.

3.2 SECONDARY SOURCES OF DATA COLLECTION


For the extra information and pre-data, we will use secondary source of data collection. We
will consult books related to hydraulic design, previous relevant documents, maps etc. We
will also consult in related topics in the internet.

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4. COST MANAGEMENT

Cost for the construction and repair works are as shown in the table below. Royalties and
taxes will be applied as per provision in the Government of Nepal (GoN) regulation. Cost of
materials, equipments, labor and other factors are given below:

S.N Name of materials Price

(NRs)

1 Civil Construction and Repair 100,000

2 Turbines Repair 50,000

3 Transformer Repair 10,000

4 Generator Repair 10,000

5 Pump Repair 15,000

6 Load distribution system 70,000

7 Labor Cost 300,000

8 Transportation 50,000

9 Pond Cleaning 20,000

10 Miscellaneous 50,000

Total 675,000

Table 1 Cost Estimation

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5.TIME MANAGEMENT

The work will be immediately started after the acceptance of our proposal. The project period
is expected to be 3 months only. The time management for the execution of every tasks will
be done properly so that the project can be completed in time.

S. No. Objectives Estimated Time (month)

1. Repair of mechanical and electrical 1.5


components

2. Civil Construction Works 2

3. Pond Cleaning and refilling 2

4. Assembly of components 0.5

5 Final Finishing and Cleaning 0.5

Table 2 Time Management

Activities 1st month 2nd month 3rd month

Repair of components

Civil Construction Works

Pond Cleaning

Assembly of components

Final Finishing and Cleaning

Figure 2 Gantt Chart for time management

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6. CONCLUSION

Though this plant is not for electricity generation and supply, it will be boon to mechanical
engineering students. Students will be acquainted working of Micro Hydro Project. It will
also help in conducting research about the hydro power in the future.

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7. REFERENCES

 http://www.homepower.com/articles/microhydro-power/basics/what-microhydro-
power
 Humahain.S., Tamang.S., Khatiwada,S. and Rai,S. (2015). A proposal on
maintenance of khopasi hydropower plant. New Rising Construction Pvt. Ltd.
 Bajracharya,T.R. (2010)Overview of Micro Hydro Systems
 Bhattarai,N.(2016). Presentation Slides

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