Mark Scheme Work Sheet -2 Differential Calculus -2019-2020

Ans.1

a) a = 2, b = 20, c = 9, d = 8, e = 32 (A2) 2
Note: Award (A2) for all 5 correct, (A1) for 3 or 4 correct,
(A0) for 2 or less correct.
(b) A = 12x – x2 (C1) 1
dA
(c) = 12 – 2x (A1)
dx
A is maximum when 12 – 2x = 0 (M1)
 length = 6m and width = 6m (A1)
OR
length = 6m and width = 6m (A2) 3
[6]
Ans.2
(a) (i) l = 24 – 2x (A1)
(ii) w = 9 – 2x (A1) 2
(b) B = x(24 – 2x)(9 – 2x) (M1)
= 4x3 – 66x2 + 216x (AG) 1
dB
(c) = 12x2 – 132x + 216 (A1) 1
dx
dB
(d) (i) = 0  x2 – 11x + 18 = 0
dx
(x – 2)(x – 9) = 0 (M1)
 x = 2 or x = 9 (not possible)
Therefore, x = 2 cm. (A1)
(ii) B = 4(2)3 – 66(2)2 + 216(2) (or 2 × 20 × 5) (M1)
= 200 cm3 (A1) 4
[8]
Ans.3
(a) g(x) = 2px + q (A1) 1
(b) 2px + q = 2x + 6
 p =1 and q = 6 (A1)(A1) 2
(c) (i) g(x) = 0
 2x + 6 = 0 (M1)
 x = –3 (A1)
(ii) –12 = (–3)2 + 6(–3) + c
–12 = 9 – 18 + c (M1)
 c = –3 (A1) 4
[7]
Ans.4
(a) (i) v(1) = 13 – 4(1)2 + 4(1)
= 1 ms–1 (A1)

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 (ii) v(0.5) = (0.5)3 – 4(0.5)2 + 4(0.5)
= 1.125 ms–1 accept 1.13 (3 s.f.) (A1) 2
(b) a = v(1.5) = 1.53 – 4(1.5) + 4(1.5)
= 0.375 (A1)
b = v(3) = 33 – 4(32) + 4(3)
=3 (A1) 2
Table (not required)
t 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
v 0 1.125 1 0.375 0 0.625 3 7.875 16

dv
(c) (i) = 3t2 – 8t + 4 (A1)
dt
3t2 – 8t + 4 = 0 (M1)
(3t – 2)(t – 2) = 0 (M1)
2
t= ,t=2 (A1)(A1)
3
(ii) The function is changing from acceleration to deceleration
or velocity changes from increasing to decreasing
or kite is stationary or velocity is zero (R1)(R1)
Note: Award (R1) for acceleration, (R1) for deceleration.
Gradient = 0 (A1) 8
(d)
v (m/sec)
16

14

12

10

1 2 3 4 5 t sec (A5) 5
Note: Award (A1) for axes correctly labelled, (A1) if scales
correct, (A1) for correct general shape of curve, (A1) for
each turning point in approximately the correct place.

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 (e)
time t motion

t=0 stopped

2
0<t< accelerating (increasing in velocity) (A1)
3
2
t= stopped accelerating
3
2
< t < 2 decelerating (decreasing in velocity) (A1)
3

t=2 stopped decelerating (A1) 3

2<t4 accelerating
Note: Stops may be left out
[20]

Ans.5
(a) (i) f (x) = 6x2 – 6x – 12 (+0) = 6x2 – 6x – 12 (A2)
Note: Award (A2) for all four items correctly differentiated,
(A1) for 3 correct derivatives.

(ii) f (3) = 6(3)2 – 6(3) – 12 = 24 (M1) (A1) 4

(b) 6x2 – 6x – 12 = –12 (M1)
 6x2 – 6x = 0
6x (x – 1) = 0
x = 0 or x = 1 (A1) (A1) 3
(c) (i) f (x) = 0  6x2 – 6x – 12 = 0 (M1)
 6 (x2 – x – 2) = 0
 6(x – 2) (x + 1) = 0 (M1)
 x = 2 or x = –1 (A1) (A1)
(ii) x = 2, y = –15 (A1)
Therefore, minimum is (2, –15) (A1) 6
(d) x < –1 and x > 2 (A1) (A1) 2
[15]

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Ans.6
(a) (i) f (x) = 3x2 – 8x – 3 (A1)
(ii) 3x2 – 8x – 3 = 0 (M1)
(3x + l)(x – 3) = 0 (A1)
1
x=– (A1)
3
x=3 (A1)
Note: Alternatively, award (G1) for 1 correct answer,
(G3) for both.
3 2
 1  1  1  1
f         4    3    18 (M1)
 3  3  3  3
= 18.5 (A1)
f(3) = (3)3 – 4(3)2 – 3(3) + 18 (M1)
=0 (A1)
 1 
Points are   ,18.5  and (3, 0) (A1) 10
 3 
(b) a=0 (A1)
b = 18 (A1) 2

(c)
f(x)

30

25

20

15

10

–3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4 x
–5

–10

–15

–20

–25

–30

–35

–40 (A5) 5
Note: Award (A1) for scales and axes labelled correctly,
(A1)(A1) for maximum and minimum placed correctly, (A1)
for smooth curve, (A1) for all points plotted correctly.

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  1  1
(d) (i)   , 3 or  < x < 3 all parts correct (A1)
 3  3

 1 1  1
(ii)   3,  or –3 < x <   allow x    (A1)
 3 3  3
and (3, 5) (allow (x > 3)) ft from error in (i). (A1) 3
[20]
Ans.7
(a) h(2) = 24(2) – 2.4(2)2 = 48 – 9.6 = 38.4 cm (M1)(A1) 2
dh
(b) (i) = 24 – 4.8w (A1)(A1)
dw
24  7.2
(ii) 24 – 4.8k = 7.2, k = = 3.5 weeks (M1)(M1)(A1)
4.8
(iii) maximum height when 24 – 4.8w = 0
24
w= = 5 weeks (M1)(A1)
4.8
height = 24(5) – 2.4(5)2 = 60 cm (M1)(A1) 9
(c) 70 days = 10 weeks (A1)
h(10) = 24(10) – 2.4(10)2 = 0 (M1)(A1) 3
(height of zero indicates that the daffodil is lying on the ground)
[14]

Ans.8
(a) Substitute x = 1 into f(x), f(1) = 3. (M1)(A1)
or (G2) 2
(b) f (x) = 6x2 –10x + 7 (A1)(A1)(A1) 3
Note: If the –1 is left in and written separately then the
constant is wrong so max possible is (A2).
(c) Substitute x = 2 into (b) f (2) = 11. (M1)(A1)
or (G2) 2
Note: No ft here if original f(x) is just written as answer for
(b).
(d) Increasing. (A1) 1
(e) (i) No. (A1)
(ii) Because the gradient at x = 2 is wrong (or wrong sign) or
any other valid reason (eg f(x) has an inflection not a
max/min), (but note that f(1) and f(0) both agree, and both
the formula and the graph have a single real root near to 0,
so none of these is a valid reason).
A sketch of the graph from the GDC with no detailed reason
can be awarded (G1) if it is reasonable. (R1) 2
[10]

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Ans.9
(a)

For correct axes from 0 to 4. (A1)

For correct curve y = x2. (A1)
1
For correct curve y = 3 – . (A1)
x
For two intersections. (A1) 4
(b) (0.347, 0.121) or x = 0.347, y = 0.121 (by GDC) (G1)(G1)
(1.53, 2.35) or x = 1.53, y = 2.35. (G1)(G1) 4
dy 1
(c) (i)  for losing the constant. (A1)
dx x 2
1
For attempting to write as a power (can be implied). (M1)
x
1
For correct answer 2 or x–2. (A1)
x
(ii) 1 (A1) 4
(d) For using y = mx + c or equivalent with their m, to find c. (M1)
c=1 (A1)
y=x+1 (A1) 3
[15]

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Ans.10
(a) y=x+z+z (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for writing a sensible equation.
xz = 162
162
z (M1)
x
2162
yx (M1)
x

324
yx (AG)
x
dy 324
(b) 1 2 (A1)(A1)(A1)
dx x
Note: Award (A1) for 1 and no other constant present, (A1)
1
for –324, (A1) for 2 or x–2.
x
dy
(c) 0
dx
324
1 0 (M1)
x2
Note: Award (M1) for putting candidate’s derivative equal
to zero.
x2 = 324 (A1)(ft)
x = 18 (A1)(ft)(G3)
(d) y = 18 + 9 + 9 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for adding three sides of rectangle.
= 36 (A1)(ft)(G2)
OR
324
18  (M1)
18
= 36 (A1)(ft)
(e) a = 36 (A1)
b = 39 (A1)

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 (f)

(A5)(ft)
Notes: Award (A1) for correct scales and labels, (A3) for correct
points plotted, (A1) for smooth curve with (18, 36) as the
minimum value.
Award (A2) for 5 or 6 points correctly plotted, (A1) for 3 or
4 points correctly plotted.
(g) x  18 (A1)(A1)(ft)
Notes: Award (A1) for x  , (A1) for 18.
Accept x > 18
[20]

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Ans.11
(a) AE2 + OE2 = OA2 ................................. (3)
 AE2 + k2 = 82 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for using and substituting correctly in
equation (3).

AE2 = 64  h 2 (A1) 2

(b) Volume (V) = 2hr2 (M1)

= 2h(AE2) (M1)
= 2h(64 – h2) cm3 ........................... (4) (AG) 2
(c) (i) From (b) V = 128h – 2h3 (M1)
Note: Award (M1) for using equation (4) or any other
correct approach.
dV
= 128 – 6h2 = 0 at maximum/minimum points (M2)
dh
Note: Award (M2) for correctly differentiating V w.r.t. x.
64
h= = ±4.62 cm (3 s.f.) (A1)
3
Test to show that V is maximum when h = 4.62 (R1) 5
Note: Award (R1) for testing to confirm V is indeed
maximum.
(ii) AE2 = 64 – h2
64 128
= 64 –  (M1)
3 3
Notes: Follow through with candidate’s AE from part (a)
(M1) is for correctly obtaining candidate’s AE2.

 128   64  
Therefore maximum volume = r2(2h) =    2 (M1)
 3   3  

Note: Follow through with candidate’s AE2

= 1238.7187...= 1239 cm3 (nearest cm3) (A1) 3
Notes: Correct answer only.
Accept 1238 cm3 if and only if candidate uses  = 3.14
[12]
Ans.12
y distance
(a) for attempt at substitute d (M1)
x distance
gradient = 2 (A1)(G2) 2
(b) 2x – 3 (A1)(A1) 2
(A1) for 2x, (A1) for –3

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 (c) for their 2x – 3 = their gradient and attempt to solve (M1)
x = 2.5 (A1)(ft)
y = –5.25 ((ft) from their x value) (A1)(ft)(G2) 3
1 1
(d) for seeing solving 2x – 3 =  (or their value) (M1)(M1)
their(a) 2
x = 1.25 (A1)(ft)(G1)
y = – 6.1875 (A1)(ft)(G1) 4
(e) (i) 22–3=1 ((ft) from (b)) (A1)(ft)(G1)
(ii) y = mx + c or equivalent method to find c  –6 = 2 + c (M1)
y=x–8 (A1)(ft)(G2) 3
(f) x = 1.5 (A1) 1
(g) for substituting their answer to part (f) into the equation of the parabola (M1)
(1.5, – 6.25) accept x = 1.5, y = –6.25 (A1)(ft)(G2)
dy
gradient is zero (accept 0 ) (A1) 3
dx
[18]
Ans.13
100
(a) C′(x) = 1  (A1)(A1)(A1)
x2
Notes: (A1) for 1, (A1) for −100 , (A1) for x2 as
denominator or x−2 as numerator.
Award a maximum of (A2) if an extra term is seen.
(b) For studying signs of the derivative at either side of x = 10 (M1)
For saying there is a change of sign of the derivative (M1)(AG)
OR
For putting x = 10 into C′ and getting zero (M1)
For clear sketch of the function or for mentioning that the
function changes from decreasing to increasing at x = 10 (M1)(AG)
OR
For solving C′(x) = 0 and getting 10 (M1)
For clear sketch of the function or for mentioning that the
function changes from decreasing to increasing at x = 10 (M1)(AG)
Note: For a sketch with a clear indication of the minimum or for a
table with values of x at either side of x = 10 award (M1)(M0).
100
(c) C(10) = 10  (M1)
10
C(10) = 20 (A1)(G2)
[7]
Ans.14
1 9
(a) g (2)  (2) 4  (2) 2  5(2)  7 (M1)
8 4
=8 (A1)(G2)

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 1 9
(b) g( x)  x 3  x  5 (A1)(A1)(A1)
2 2
Notes: Award (A1) for each correct term.
An extra constant means that the –5 is incorrect.
1 9
(c) (i) g(2)  (8)  (2)  5  8
2 2
For use of their derivative function (M1)
For substitution of 2 leading to an answer of 8 only (A1)
(AG)
Note: beware that g(2) = 8 also. This receives no marks in
this part.
(ii) y = 8x + c (A1)
Note: Award (A1) for 8x seen. Must be 8.
Use of point (2, 8) (M1)
Note: Follow through with y value from part (a)
y = 8x – 8 (A1)(ft)(G3)
Note: Answer must be an equation. Allow T1 = 8x – 8
OR
8x – y = 8(2) – 8 (A1)(M1)
y = 8x – 8 (A1)(ft)(G3)
35
(d) y
8
For y = Allow T2 = (A1)
35
For (4.375) (A1)
8
(e) (i)

Note: The window must clearly have used x values from 0 to 3 (A1)
and y values from 0 to 22. Axes labels are not required.
Some indication of scale must be present. This need not be
EPS/MS/WS -2/Diff. Cal./Gr.12/2019-2020 Page 11
 a formal scale. eg tick marks or single numbers on axes are
adequate.
Correct shape (A1)
Minimum in approximately correct position (A1)
(ii) Each tangent drawn at correct point. (A1)(ft)(A1)
Note: Lines must be straight and must be tangents.
[17]
Ans.15
Unit penalty (UP) is applicable where indicated.
(a) equation of asymptote is x = 0 (A1) 1
Note: Must be an equation.
(b) f (x) = 2x + 3x–2 (or equivalent) (A1)(A1) 2
Note: (A1) for each term
(c) stationary point (–1.14, 3.93) 2
Notes: (–1,4) or similar error is awarded (G0)(G1)(ft)
Here and also as follow through in part (d) accept exact
1 2
 3 3  33
values    for the x coordinate and 3  for the y
2 2
coordinate.
3
OR 2x   0 or equivalent
x2
Correct coordinates as above (M1)
Notes: Follow through from candidate’s f(x) (A1)(ft)
(d) In all alternative answers for (d), follow through from candidate’s
x coordinate in part (c).
Alternative answers include:
–1.14  x < 0, 0<x<5 (A1)(A1)(ft)
(A1)
OR [–1.14,0), (0,5)
Note: Accept alternative bracket notation for open interval ]
[. (Union of these sets is not correct, award (A2) if all else is
right in this case.)
OR –1.14  x < 5, x  0
Notes: In all versions 0 must be excluded (A1)
–1.14 must be the left bound (A1)(ft)
5 must be the right bound (A1)
For x  –1.14 or x > –1.14 alone , award (A1)
For –1.4  x < 0 together with x > 0 award (A2)
3
[8]
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