Fluid (Gas or Liquid) Mechanics Pressure Blaise Pascal Force Hydraulic Piston

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Pascal’s principle, also called Pascal’s law, in fluid (gas or liquid)

mechanics, statement that, in a fluid at rest in a closed container,


a pressure change in one part is transmitted without loss to every portion of
the fluid and to the walls of the container. The principle was first enunciated by
the French scientist Blaise Pascal.
Pressure is equal to the force divided by the area on which it acts. According
to Pascal’s principle, in a hydraulic system a pressure exerted on
a piston produces an equal increase in pressure on another piston in the
system. If the second piston has an area 10 times that of the first, the force on
the second piston is 10 times greater, though the pressure is the same as that
on the first piston. This effect is exemplified by the hydraulic press, based on
Pascal’s principle, which is used in such applications as hydraulic brakes.
Pascal also discovered that the pressure at a point in a fluid at rest is the
same in all directions; the pressure would be the same on all planes passing
through a specific point. This fact is also known as Pascal’s principle, or
Pascal’s law.

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