Murray V Fouts

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Case 2:19-cv-13010-GAD-RSW ECF No. 1 filed 10/14/19 PageID.

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IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT


FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF MICHIGAN
SOUTHERN DIVISION

GREGORY MURRAY, Case No. 2:19-cv-13010

Plaintiff,

v.
JURY DEMAND
CITY OF WARREN, MAYOR JAMES
FOUTS, AND FORMER POLICE
COMMISSIONER JERE GREEN,

Defendants.

JONATHAN R. MARKO (P72450)


MARKO LAW, PLLC
Attorneys for Plaintiff
27735 Jefferson
St. Clair Shores, MI 48081
313.777.7528 phone
313.771.5785 fax
[email protected]
_____________________________________________________________________________

A civil action against the above named Defendants arising out of


the same or substantially similar transactions or occurences has
previously been filed in the Court. The case number is 17-11260
and the assigned judge is the Honorable Terence G. Berg.

______________________________________________________________________________

COMPLAINT AND JURY DEMAND

Plaintiff Gregory Murray (“Plaintiff”) through his attorneys, Marko Law

PLLC, for his Complaint against Defendant City of Warren; Mayor James Fouts,

Former Police Commissioner Jere Green (acting in their individual capacity),

(collectively, “Defendants”), states as follows:

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NATURE OF THE ACTION

1. This is an action under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended,

42 U.S.C. § 2000e, et seq. (“Title VII”), and Title I of the Civil Rights Act of

1991, for unlawful employment practices and creating a hostile work

environment on the basis of race, to provide appropriate relief to Plaintiff, an

employee of Defendants who was adversely affected by such practices.

Plaintiff alleges that Defendants subjected him to a hostile work environment

that altered the terms and conditions of his employment because of his race.

Plaintiff further alleges that these actions deprived his of certain civil rights to

which he was entitled, in violation of Section 1981 of the Civil Rights Act of

1866, 42 U.S.C. § 1981, and Section 1983 of the Civil Rights Act of 1871, 42

U.S.C. § 1983.

JURISDICTION AND VENUE

2. Jurisdiction of this Court is invoked pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331 and

1343(a)(3). This action is authorized and instituted pursuant to 42 U.S.C. §

2000e-5(f)(1), 42 U.S.C. § 1981, 42 U.S.C. § 1983, 42 U.S.C. § 1985, and 42

U.S.C. § 1988.

3. Venue is proper in this Court because the discrimination and retaliation

practices hereafter alleged to be unlawful were committed within the

jurisdiction of this District.

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PARTIES

4. Plaintiff is African American. Plaintiff began his employment with the

Defendant City of Warren on January 6, 2017.

5. Plaintiff was the first African American Diversity and Inclusion Coordinator to

ever be employed in the history of the Defendant City of Warren.

6. At all times herein, all the individually named and identified Defendants acted

under color of state law, within the meaning of 42 U.S.C. § 1983.

7. At all times herein, all the individually named and identified Defendants acted

pursuant to a conspiracy to deprive the Plaintiff of his constitutional rights

based on invidious racial animus.

8. At all times herein, Defendants attempted and, indeed, did deprive Plaintiff of

his rights to make and enforce his contract of employment, such as is enjoyed

by white persons, within the meaning of 42 U.S.C. § 1981.

9. At all relevant times, each Defendant has been an “employer” of Plaintiff within

the meaning of Title VII, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e(b).

10. At all relevant times, Plaintiff has been an “employee” of Defendants within

the meaning of Title VII, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e(f).

FACTS COMMON TO ALL COUNTS

11. Since Plaintiff’s employment began as the first African American Diversity and

Inclusion Coordinator, in the Defendant City of Warren, Plaintiff has been

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constantly subjected to the Defendant City of Warren’s custom, policy and

practice of racial discrimination and disparate treatment due to lack of training

and other conduct by the Defendants Mayor Fouts and other department heads.

12. Defendant City of Warren has a notorious history of racially discriminatory

practices customs and policies against African Americans. That custom, policy,

and practice of racial discrimination has been publicly evidenced, for example,

through racially disparaging and insulting comments reportedly made by the

Defendant Mayor Fouts and Defendant Former Police Commissioner Green

and other Department Heads of the Defendant City of Warren.

13. The customs, practices, and policies of unlawful racial and gender

discrimination by the Defendant City of Warren, particularly in its police and

fire department, has also been evidenced by its failure to correct, discipline,

retrain and/or supervise the individual Defendants herein, the Warren Police

and Fire Department (Departments) supervisors and knowledge–through the

notice and knowledge provided to the highest level and final policy makers

within the Department—of the following series of events, among others, and

widespread throughout the Department.

14. Plaintiff’s employment with Defendant City of Warren was to institute

diversity and inclusion training throughout Defendant City of Warren Police,

Fire and other Departments.

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15. Because of Defendant City of Warren history of past customs, practices, and

policies of unlawful racial, gender and other discrimination Plaintiff was

employed to examine past and current customs, practices, and policies of

unlawful racial, gender, and other discrimination and develop training and

policy that would promote diversity.

16. Plaintiff was additionally charged to promote diversity and inclusion in the City

of Warren work force, including the police department, the fire department and

all other city departments and functions by developing and enforcing policies

and programs to attract, retain and promote a diverse work force in which

employees’ value and respect differences in the workplace, and in interactions

with the public.

17. Additionally, Plaintiff was to investigate or assist in the investigation of

inappropriate, improper or illegal activities that impair diversity and inclusion

in the police department, the fire department and other city departments and

functions, and where appropriate, recommend necessary remedial actions.

18. When Plaintiff began to investigate the following incidents, his efforts were

thwarted by Defendants past customs, practices, and policies of unlawful racial

and gender discrimination;

a) Barbara Beyer admitted responsibility for her repeated use of the

racially derogatory word, "Nigger," in the presence of Officer

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Desheila Howlett, no definitive disciplinary action was imposed

against her until several weeks after the incident. Due to the severity

of the conduct, which Plaintiff believed violated civil rights laws,

Plaintiff recommended immediate dismissal of Ms. Beyer.

Plaintiff’s recommendation was rejected by Defendant Fouts.

Instead, Beyer only received an unpaid two-week suspension that

was imposed only after she had received her annual longevity

(bonus) check.

b) Shawn Johnson repeatedly used inappropriate racial slurs,

including—among other things-- telling an African American co-

worker Desheila Howlett that she looked like the image on the

gorilla glue bottle:

Plaintiff recommended that Johnson immediately be terminated. Again,

Defendant Fouts rejected Plaintiff’s recommendation. Instead of imposing

discipline appropriate to the serious nature of the racial discrimination and animus,

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Shawn Johnson’s racial misconduct was swept under the rug and nearly a year-and-

a-half after the incidents, Johnson attended a one-day diversity training with

Plaintiff.

c) Around September of 2017, Plaintiff received a complaint from the

former Director of the Michigan Department of Deaf, Blind, and

Hard of Hearing, alleging that Warren police officers violated

federal state and civil rights laws by denying African American

residents access to an interpreter, as required by law. As part of his

job duties, Plaintiff conducted an investigation into the civil rights

violations and found that the Warren police did indeed violate civil

rights laws. Plaintiff reported the violations to Defendant Fouts, the

police chief, and the City Attorney. Defendant Fouts demanded that

Plaintiff cease any further engagement with Warren police officers

relative to his investigation, thus effectively preventing Plaintiff

from performing his job duties and properly investigating civil

rights violations.

d) In early 2017 it came to Plaintiff’s attention that a Warren fire

department official, referred to firefighter Jose Suarez as the

station’s “house nigger”. The official was not disciplined for this

discriminatory harassment. When Plaintiff discovered the violation,

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he recommended immediate termination to Defendant Fouts.

Defendants rejected this recommendation.

e) In August 2017, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

(EEOC) came in to the City of Warren to conduct a training.

Defendant Fouts mocked a person with disabilities at the training in

front of his executive staff including the Plaintiff, by “flailing his

hands” and disparagingly mimicked a person with Tourette’s

syndrome. Plaintiff confronted Defendant Fouts immediately after

the training about his inappropriate behavior. As a result of

Plaintiff’s complaint, Defendant Fouts prohibited Plaintiff from

conducting further trainings.

f) Plaintiff attempted to form a diversity commission to address the

illegal discriminatory practices of the City of Warren. Defendant

Fouts prevented Plaintiff from forming the diversity commission to

address racial and discriminatory practices and policies in the City

of Warren.

19. When addressing the institutional racism and the lack of training within the

Defendant City of Warren, Plaintiff was ignored then retaliated against even

though he had been hired by Defendant City of Warren to address unlawful

racial and gender discriminatory employment practices are institutional within

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the Defendant City of Warren and City of Warren Police and Fire Departments.

20. When Plaintiff reported unlawful discrimination to Defendant Mayor Fouts.

Plaintiff was told by Defendant Fouts to ignore it until after the elections

because Warren voters might vote the Defendant Mayor Fouts out of office if

he allowed Plaintiff to address unlawful discrimination.

21. Plaintiff identified and reported to former Police Chief Green that unlawful

discrimination had occurred at the Defendant City of Warren police

Department. Former Police Chief Green refused to address the unlawful

discrimination. Plaintiff assisted the victims of that discrimination in filing a

complaint against the Defendant City of Warren Police Department. That

Plaintiff was retaliated against as a result of assisting in identifying and filing a

complaint of unlawful discrimination.

22. It is not surprising that the Defendant City of Warren was not addressing illegal

and institutional racism, gender and other discrimination considering Defendant

Mayor Fouts comment or the years for example:

a) Regarding African Americans “blacks do look like


chimpanzees.”

b) Regarding women “Think I want to date a f****** 60-year-


old hag?

c) And "hateful dried-up c****."

d) And having a romantic relationship with a subordinate


employee, who received substantial increase in her
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compensation from the City during that relationship.

e) Asking to speak with African American Detroit Mayor


Kwame Kilpatrick, “I want to speak to that nigger”

COUNT I
Violation of Title VII – Discrimination Based on Race

23. Plaintiff realleges and incorporates by reference Paragraphs 1 through 22.

24. At all relevant times, there was in effect a federal statute, the Civil Rights Act

of 1964, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 2000e et seq., which provides:

It shall be an unlawful employment practice for an employer –

(1) to fail or refuse to hire or discharge any individual, or otherwise


to discriminate against any individual with respect to his
compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment,
because of such individual’s race, color, religion, sex, or national
origin; or

(2)to limit, segregate, or classify his employees or applicants for


employment in any way which would deprive or tend to deprive
any individual of employment opportunities or otherwise
adversely affect his status as an employee, because of such
individual’s race, color, religion, sex or national origin.
42 U.S.C. § 2000e-2(a).

25. Defendants were aware, or should have been aware, of Title VII and that it is

illegal to treat an employee differently because of the employee’s race.

26. During Plaintiff’s employment with Defendants, he was subjected to acts of

racial discrimination by Defendants’ employees, supervisors, and Mayor.

27. This illegal discrimination created a hostile and abusive work environment for

Plaintiff.

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28. Defendants’ actions as set forth above were willful, intentional and/or made in

reckless disregard of Plaintiff’s rights.

29. Defendants’ conduct as described above constitutes a willful violation of Title

VII.

30. Plaintiff was subjected to adverse employment actions, including being

unlawfully terminated and/or constructively discharged.

31. Plaintiff was retaliated against for engaging in protected activities, including

but not limited to civil rights investigations and insisting on compliance with

civil rights laws.

32. As a direct and proximate result of the unconstitutional and illegal acts of the

Defendants, as alleged herein, Plaintiff has sustained a violation of his right to

a work environment free of unlawful racial discrimination and, as a result, is

entitled to damages as set forth in the damages section of his complaint.

COUNT II
Violation of 42 U.S.C. §1983 – Fourteenth Amendment Equal Protection

33. Plaintiff herein re-alleges and incorporates Paragraphs 1-30 above:

34. At all times herein, the individually named and identified Defendants herein

intentionally discriminated against the Plaintiff based on his race in all manner

of ways as set forth herein all in violation of 42 U.S.C. §1983;

35. As a direct and proximate result of the unconstitutional acts of the Defendants

as alleged herein, Plaintiff has sustained a violation of his right to equal


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protection of the law and, as a result, is entitled to damages as set forth in the

damages section of his complaint.

COUNT III
Violation of 42 U.S.C. §1983 – Fourteenth Amendment Due Process

36. Plaintiff herein re-alleges and incorporates Paragraphs 1-33 above:

37. At all times herein Defendants owed to Plaintiff a duty to protect his both from

the antagonism, and racism.

38. Defendants purposely refused and failed to provide the necessary help and

assistance to eliminate the institutional discrimination based on past customs,

practices, and policies of unlawful racial, gender and other discrimination.

39. The Defendants aforementioned failure and refusal was based on the antagonism

and hostility to the Plaintiff based on his race.

40. In so doing the Defendants purposely refused and failed to provide the necessary

help and assistance to eliminate the institutional discrimination based on past

customs, practices, and policies of unlawful racial, gender and other

discrimination. As such, these Defendants violated the rights of Plaintiff to

substantive due process, as secured by the Fourteenth Amendment of the United

States Constitution and by 42 U.S.C. §1983.

41. As a direct and proximate result of the unconstitutional acts of the Defendants

as alleged herein, Plaintiff has sustained a violation of his right to equal

protection of the law and, as a result, is entitled to damages as set forth in the
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damages section of his complaint.

COUNT IV
Violation of 42 U.S.C. §1983 – Monell Liability – City Of Warren

42. Plaintiff re-alleges and incorporates Paragraphs 1-41 above;

43. At all times herein, the Defendant City of Warren maintained a series of

policies, customs, and practices which individually and collectively constituted

a moving force in the constitutional violations asserted herein, including but not

limited to:

a. Direct humiliating, outrageous, racist, and belittling antagonism

toward African Americans.

b. Failure to train its employees as to the mandatory requirement that

racist, sexist and other discriminatory practices are inexcusable and

will be responded to with outright discharge;

c. Failure to train its employees with regard to the use of hostile

statements and verbalisms directed against African Americans,

women and persons with protected disabilities;

d. Failure to address known complaints of actions and remarks by its

police officers directed at African Americans, women and persons

with protected disabilities;

e. Failure, amounting to a refusal, to discipline its employees for

engaging in humiliating, outrageous, racist, and belittling actions


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directed at African Americans, women and persons with protected

disabilities.

44. These customs, policies, and practices of the Defendant City of Warren were a

moving force in the constitutional violations inflicted by the individual

Defendants upon the Plaintiff, as set forth herein, above;

45. As a direct and proximate result of the unconstitutional acts of the Defendants

as alleged herein, Plaintiff has sustained a violation of his right to equal

protection of the law and, as a result, is entitled to damages as set forth in the

damages section of his complaints.

COUNT V
Violation of 42 U.S.C. §1985 – Conspiracy Invidious Racial Animus

46. Plaintiff re-alleges and incorporates Paragraphs 1-45 above;

47. At all times, herein, these Defendants agreed and conspired to violate the

Plaintiff’s rights secured by the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments to the

United States Constitution;

48. This agreement and conspiracy, and the actions undertaken pursuant to this

agreement and conspiracy, were so done based upon an invidious racial animus

directed at the Plaintiff;

49. As such the Defendants violated Plaintiff’s rights that are guaranteed and made

actionable under 42 U.S.C. §1985;

50. As a direct and proximate result of the unconstitutional acts of the Defendants
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as alleged herein, Plaintiff has sustained a violation of his right to equal

protection of the law and, as a result, is entitled to damages as set forth in the

damages section of his complaint.

COUNT VI
Violation of 42 U.S.C. §1981 – The Right To Make And Enforce Contracts

51. Plaintiff re-alleges and incorporates Paragraphs 1-50 above;

52. At all times herein the Plaintiff had entered into a contract of employment with

the Defendant, City of Warren.

53. These Defendants undertook, instead, to turn that contract into an employment

situation wherein the Plaintiff was subjected to a racially hostile and toxic work

environment that inflicted upon his humiliation, and racism, as set forth above

herein–whereby his right to make and enforce his contract with the City of

Warren was afflicted, diminished, and undermined thereby creating a situation

where Plaintiff’s rights were far less than and not the same as those enjoyed by

white persons, in violation of 42 U.S.C. §1981;

54. As a direct and proximate result of the unconstitutional acts of the Defendants

as alleged herein, Plaintiff has sustained a violation of his right to make and

enforce contracts and, as a result, is entitled to damages as set forth in the

damages section of our complaint.

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COUNT VII
COMMON LAW BREACH OF CONTRACT

55. Plaintiff re-alleges and incorporates Paragraphs 1-54 above;

56. At all times herein the Plaintiff had entered into a contract of employment

with the Defendant, City of Warren on January 6, 2017.

57. That Defendant City of Warren breached that contract by adding additional

duties to Plaintiff’s job that were not include in the contract job description,

refusing to allow Plaintiff to do his job that was defined in the job description

and thwarting his ability to institute policy and procedure that would address

the institutional discrimination that he was hired to address and resolve.

58. That Defendant City of Warren and Mayor Fouts breached the contract with

Plaintiff by refusing to allow Plaintiff to fulfill his contractual obligation

being more concerned with political fallout in upsetting Warren citizens.

59. As a direct and proximate result of the breach of contract Defendants as

alleged herein, Plaintiff has sustained damages as set forth in the damages

section of our complaint.

COUNT VIII
PROMISSORY ESTOPPEL

60. Plaintiff re-alleges and incorporates Paragraphs 1-57 above;

61. Defendant City of Warren and Defendant Mayor Fouts made a clear and

unambiguous promise to Plaintiff that in his position as Diversity and

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Inclusion Coordinator he would be able to address the institutional racism

that exist at the Defendant City of Warren Police, Fire and other

departments.

62. Plaintiff reasonably and justifiably relied on said promises and put his trust

in Defendant City of Warren and Defendant Mayor Fouts that it would fulfill

its promises.

63. Defendant City of Warren and Defendant Mayor Fouts did not perform its

promise to allow Plaintiff to address the institutional racism that exist in the

Defendant City of Warren’s Police, Fire and Other Departments, being more

concerned with political fallout in upsetting votes.

64. Plaintiff’s reliance on Defendants promises was a substantial factor in

causing Plaintiff’s harm as alleged herein.

65. As a direct and proximate result of Promissory Estoppel, Defendants as

alleged herein, Plaintiff has sustained damages as set forth in the damages

section of our complaint

COUNT IX
VIOLATION OF MICHIGAN ELLIOT-LARSEN CIVIL RIGHTS
ACT- DISPARATE TREMANT

66. Plaintiff re-alleges and incorporates Paragraphs 1-65 above;

67. At all relevant times, Plaintiff was an employee and Defendants were an

“employer” within the meaning of Michigan’s Elliot-Larsen Civil Rights

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Act (“ECLRA”), MCL 37.2101, et seq.

68. At all relevant times, under the ELCRA, Plaintiff had a right to employment

free from discrimination based on his race.

69. Defendants, through its agents, representatives, and employees, was

predisposed to discriminate on the basis of race and acted in accordance with

that predisposition.

70. Defendants, through its agents, representatives, and employees, treated Plaintiff

differently from similarly situated Caucasian employees in the terms and

conditions of employment, on the unlawful basis of race.

71. As a direct and proximate result of Defendant’s unlawful actions, Plaintiffs have

suffered and continues to suffer injuries and damages.

COUNT X
VIOLATION OF MICHIGAN ELLIOT-LARSEN CIVIL RIGHTS ACT

72. Plaintiff re-alleges and incorporates Paragraphs 1-71 above;

73. At all relevant times, Plaintiff was an “employee” and Defendant was an

“employer” within the meaning of ECLRA, MCL 37.2101, et seq.

74. Plaintiff was subjected to unwelcome conduct due to his race.

75. Plaintiff complained about the unwelcome conduct, stating that it was based on

his racial status.

76. The Defendant violated Plaintiff’s rights under the ELCRA by allowing the

unwelcome conduct to affect a term or condition of employment, including

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unreasonably interfering with Plaintiff’s work performance, and thus creating an

intimidating and hostile work environment.

77. As a direct and proximate cause of Defendant’s unlawful actions, Plaintiff has

sustained and continues to sustain injuries and damages.

COUNT XI
VIOLATION OF MICHIGAN ELLIOT-LARSEN CIVIL RIGHTS ACT
RETALIATION

78. Plaintiff re-alleges and incorporates Paragraphs 1-75 above;

79. Defendants retaliated against Plaintiff for filing complaints regarding Defendants’

discriminatory and unlawful practices.

80. Defendants’ actions were intentional, with reckless indifference to Plaintiff’s

rights and sensibilities.

81. As a direct and proximate result of Defendant’s actions, Plaintiff has suffered and

continues to suffer damages and injuries.

WHEREFORE, Plaintiff request that this Court enter judgment against Defendants,

providing the following relief:

a. Back-pay, with prejudgment interest;

b. Front-pay;

c. Compensatory damages in whatever amount that Plaintiff is found to

be entitled;

d. An injunction requiring Defendants to cease and desist all unlawful

racial and within the City Warren;

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e. An injunction barring Defendant from taking any further

discriminatory or retaliatory actions or omissions against Plaintiff;

f. An award of reasonable attorney’s fees, expenses, and costs;

g. Other appropriate nondiscriminatory measures to overcome the above

described discrimination; and

h. Such other and further relief that the Court deems appropriate.

Respectfully submitted,

/s/ Jonathan R. Marko


JONATHAN R. MARKO (P72450)
MARKO LAW, PLLC
Attorneys for Plaintiff
27735 Jefferson Ave
St. Clair Shores, MI 48081
313.777.7528 phone
313.771.5785 fax
[email protected]
Dated October 14, 2019

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IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT


FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF MICHIGAN
SOUTHISN DIVISION

GREGORY MURRAY,

Plaintiff,

v.

CITY OF WARREN;

Defendants.

JONATHAN R. MARKO (P72450)


MARKO LAW, PLLC
Attorneys for Plaintiff
27735 Jefferson
St. Clair Shores, MI 48081
313.777.7528 phone
313.771.5785 fax
[email protected]
______________________________________________________________________________
JURY DEMAND

Plaintiff Gregory Murray (“Plaintiff”) through his attorneys, Marko Law

PLLC and hereby demands a jury trial in this cause.

Respectfully submitted,

/s/ Jonathan R. Marko


JONATHAN R. MARKO (P72450)
MARKO LAW, PLLC
Attorneys for Plaintiff
27735 Jefferson Ave
St. Clair Shores, MI 48081
313.777.7528 phone
313.771.5785 fax
[email protected]
Dated October 14, 2019

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CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE

I hereby certify that on October 14, 2019, I presented the foregoing paper
to this Court’s ECF System which will send notification of such filing to
the above listed attorneys of record.

/s/ Marissa A. Williams

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