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Assignment 1

The Caesar cipher is one of the earliest and simplest ciphers, where each letter is shifted a certain number of places down the alphabet. The program implements the Caesar cipher for encryption and decryption of plaintext by getting a shift key from the user and shifting each letter by that offset. It handles lowercase letters, shifts them by adding the key and taking the modulus 26, and preserves spaces. The program takes plaintext as input, encrypts it using the key, then decrypts and prints the original plaintext.

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Neha Mahajan
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61 views4 pages

Assignment 1

The Caesar cipher is one of the earliest and simplest ciphers, where each letter is shifted a certain number of places down the alphabet. The program implements the Caesar cipher for encryption and decryption of plaintext by getting a shift key from the user and shifting each letter by that offset. It handles lowercase letters, shifts them by adding the key and taking the modulus 26, and preserves spaces. The program takes plaintext as input, encrypts it using the key, then decrypts and prints the original plaintext.

Uploaded by

Neha Mahajan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASSIGNMENT – 1

PRN : 2017BTECS00206

Title : Implementation of Caesar cipher/Additive cipher.

Theory :

The Caesar cipher is one of the earliest known and simplest ciphers. It is a type of
substitution cipher in which each letter in the plaintext is 'shifted' a certain
number of places down the alphabet. For example, with a shift of 1, A would be
replaced by B, B would become C, and so on.

More complex encryption schemes such as the Vigenère cipher employ the Caesar
cipher as one element of the encryption process. The widely known ROT13
'encryption' is simply a Caesar cipher with an offset of 13. The Caesar cipher offers
essentially no communication security, and it will be shown that it can be easily
broken even by hand.

First we translate all of our characters to numbers.We can now represent the
caesar cipher encryption function, e(x), where x is the character we are encrypting,
as:

Where k is the key (the shift) applied to each letter. After applying this function the
result is a number which must then be translated back into a letter. The decryption
function is :

Program :

import java.util.*;
class CaesarCipher
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
int shift,i,n;
String str;
String str1="";
String str2="";
System.out.println("Enter the plaintext:");
str=sc.nextLine();
str=str.toLowerCase();
n=str.length();
char ch1[]=str.toCharArray();
char ch3,ch4;
System.out.println("\nEnter the Key :");
shift=sc.nextInt();

System.out.println();
System.out.println("\nEncrypted text is :");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if(Character.isLetter(ch1[i]))
{
ch3=(char)(((int)ch1[i]+shift-97)%26+97);
//System.out.println(ch1[i]+" = "+ch3);
str1=str1+ch3;
}
else if(ch1[i]==' ')
{
str1=str1+ch1[i];
}
}
System.out.println(str1);
System.out.println();
System.out.println("\nDecrypted text is :");

char ch2[]=str1.toCharArray();
for(i=0;i<str1.length();i++)
{
if(Character.isLetter(ch2[i]))
{
if(((int)ch2[i]-shift)<97)
{
ch4=(char)(((int)ch2[i]-shift-97+26)%26+97);
}
else
{
ch4=(char)(((int)ch2[i]-shift-97)%26+97);
}
str2=str2+ch4;
}
else if(ch2[i]==' ')
{
str2=str2+ch2[i];
}
}
System.out.println(str2);
}
}
Output :
Conclusion :

In this assignment, We came to know various uses of Caesar cipher and its
implementation.

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