www.ijemr.

net ISSN (ONLINE): 2250-0758, ISSN (PRINT): 2394-6962

Volume-8, Issue-3, June 2018

International Journal of Engineering and Management Research
Page Number: 235-240
DOI: doi.org/10.31033/ijemr.8.3.31

Smart Cane for Blind Person Assisted with Android Application and Save
Our Souls Transmission
Pratibha Shantaram Pawaskar1, Prof. D.G. Chougule2 and Prof. A.S. Mali3
1
M. E. Student, Department of Electronics Engineering, Tatyasaheb Kore Institute of Engineering & Technology,
Warananagar, INDIA
2
Head of Department, Department of Electronics Engineering, Tatyasaheb Kore Institute of Engineering & Technology,
Warananagar, INDIA
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics Engineering, Tatyasaheb Kore Institute of Engineering & Technology,
Warananagar, INDIA
1
Corresponding Author: [email protected]

ABSTRACT million blind people across the globe, over them 8.8
Today technology is improving daily in different million people in India were found to be in 2015.
aspects in order to provide flexible proposes Smart Cane The blind travelers depend on other guides like
(Stick) for blind person. But there is no such kind of good blind cane, people information, trained dogs, etc. When a
system to navigate a blind person and help in emergency visually impaired person is walking in the street, he may
situation. In this paper, user friendly device is proposed that encounter several problems in the way such as obstacles
can identify the obstacles in the path using ultrasonic sensors.
In this system blind person will navigated through a cane
like human, animal or wall, pit or staircase, muddy surface,
interfaced with an android application. A blind person can fire and many others which can create troubles like
establish voice call or SMS to a predefined number just by accident or injuries to him even after holding conventional
pressing the emergency button on cane using GSM module. In sticks. If the person is holding this electronic intelligent
addition, people will get notified as Facebook status updated voice stick while walking it will help him to protect himself
with emergency alert. This system develop an android from these hurdles.
application which is smart and user-friendly. While walking The scope of this project is to develop a low-cost
in public place during night time, the blind person can use system that assist blind and visually impaired without the
cane as a flashlight which illuminates automatically. help of sighted people. They need help to walk outside and
all other daily essential works. Navigation system caters
Keywords— Ultrasonic sensor, Android application, GSM, needs of the blind people who are not able to move from
Bluetooth, LDR, PIC 16F877A, Facebook Server one place to another without the help of others. The usage
of the blind navigation system is very less and efficient in
India.
I. INTRODUCTION Navigating a blind person is a great challenge as
blind person has to rely on other. The simplest and most
Blindness is a very common disability among the widely used travelling aid used by all blinds is the white
peoples throughout the world. According to the World cane. It has provided those people with a better way to
Health Organization (WHO), 253 million people are reach destination and detect obstacles on ground, but it
visually impaired worldwide, 36 million are blind and 217 cannot give them a high guarantee to protect themselves
million have moderate or severe distance vision from all level of obstacles [1]. Sometimes it happens that
impairment. About 89% of vision impaired people live in blind people are lost and their guardians are in tension
low and middle income countries. Recent survey source about them. There has been many efforts but even now, it
uncovered that India has now become the country with is not easy for the blind people to move independently from
world’s largest number of blind people. There are 36 one place to another .Walking in a public place during
night time is one of the challenging task for visually

235 Copyright © 2018. IJEMR. All Rights Reserved.

www.ijemr.net ISSN (ONLINE): 2250-0758, ISSN (PRINT): 2394-6962

impaired peoples because other people will not notice that

the person is blind and in rush they may accidently clash
with them.
To solve this great problem it has been studied by
many researches about support instruments for eye-sight.
So the project glows a system that tries to remove the curse
of blindness and make them self- dependent to do their
daily chores. This system design and develop a portable
unit (stick) for the blind people for easy use and navigation
in public places through sensors [2]. Also this system
provides emergency alert by making call or SMS to the
predefined emergency phone number. Additionally people
will get notified as face book status updated with
emergency alert. This system works in both night and day
and it is very reliable and effective.

II. EXISTING METHODOLOGY

God gifted sense of vision to the human being is
an important aspect of our life. But there are number of
blind people in the society, who are suffering while Fig.1: System Block Diagram
exercising the basic things of daily life and that could put
lives at risk while travelling. There is a necessity these days SYSTEM OPERATION
to provide security and safety to blind people. There have In this Ultrasonic sensor is interfacing with
been few devices designed so far to help the blind. PIC16F877A.Ultrasonic sensor is used to detect objects in
Blindness or visual impairment is a condition that front and pit as well. This sensor works on the principle of
affects many people around the world. The usage of the radar or sonar. This Ultrasonic sensors generate high
blind navigation system is very less and is not efficient. frequency sound waves in the ultrasonic range by
The blind traveler is dependent on other guide like white converting electrical signals to sound signals and evaluate
cane, information given by the people, trained dogs etc. the echo to determine distance to an object. If no obstacles
Many virtually impaired people use walking sticks or guide are present, these waves pass without reflection. Once the
dogs to move from place to place. A guide dog is trained object is detected in front, this signal is send to respective
for guiding its users to avoid the accidents from objects and port of system. Cane controller processes the output and
barriers over a fixed path or in a fixed area. When a consequently drives the vibration motor using Motor
visually impaired person uses a walking stick, he waves his driver. Blind person can sense this vibration to avoid
stick and finds the obstacle by striking the obstacles in his obstacle in front [1, 2].
way. Similarly this ultrasonic sensor is used as a pit
sensor for pit detection. Pit sensor is used to analyze any
III. DESIGN OF THE SYSTEM dent or pit along the path .If pit is detected, signal is given
to controller. Controller process the output and drives the
SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM vibration motor. In this way blind person will sense two
The system block diagram to assist with an senses like vibration and sound [3].
android app and SOS transmission for blind Person as Cane controller is interfaced with Bluetooth
shown in Fig.1.This embedded system consists of various Module HC-05.This module is used to communicate with
sensors used for range finder and Pit detection along with the android cell phone of the blind person.
Vibrator, speaker or headphone, Bluetooth, When the blind person get notified that an
microcontroller, LDR, LED and Battery. obstacle in front or pit along the path by getting senses like
vibration on cane. This wireless signal will be transmitted
to PIC controller using Bluetooth module [4]. The Android
Application will get this data and converts it into speech.
So that blind can hear audio message alert like “STOP”. In
emergency situation by pressing a single button on cane,
blind person can send emergency message to a predefined
number [5, 6]. For this Android Application is used. Also
using this Application Facebook status of emergency
contact numbers will be updated with emergency alert.

236 Copyright © 2018. IJEMR. All Rights Reserved.

www.ijemr.net ISSN (ONLINE): 2250-0758, ISSN (PRINT): 2394-6962

Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) gives the output

in form of change in resistance which can be converted into
voltage by using signal conditioner circuit and same can be
given to the controller. During night because of high
resistance (M Ohm) path, no current pass through Light
emitting Diode (LED).LED which is connected on cane.
Due to the flowing of current, LED get on and cane will
illuminates brightly. So this cane Blind person can be used
as Flashlight which can be noticed by others [7].

IV. HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION

Fig.3:Hardware Circuit Model

V. SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION
The flowchart shown in Fig.4 represents the
algorithm for the PIC16F877A microcontroller which
processes the data and sends it to the android application
via HC-05 Bluetooth module. Since this system used the
ultrasonic sound to measure the distance it is affected by
several types of noise and the obtained distance is deviated
from the actual distance so it is an important issue to find
the best result. If any object is detected in front by the
sensors situated on the stick, vibrate the motor and then
send feedback to the application. Also it shows Emergency
alert to predefined number by sending SMS.

Fig.2: Project Model

This project is developed and tested with respect

to actual parameters of System. I have implemented the
device such a way that the sensors are mounted on middle
and lower part of the cane. As a result the sensors mounted
on cane detect the obstacle position in front of the upper
front side in the walking path and the lower sensor
mounted on cane detects the pit in the ground. The Fig. 2
shows Project model.
Fig.3 shows hardware circuit model consists of:
1. PIC16F877A Microcontroller
2. Bluetooth Module HC-05
3. Ultrasonic Sensors
4. Relay driver circuit
5. Output Devices :Vibrator Motor, LED
6. Android Mobile phone.
The connection has made up between the PIC
16F877A microcontroller, Bluetooth module, sensor, relay
driver circuit also connected with vibrator motor .The 5V
DC supply provided to microcontroller and other hardware
model.

237 Copyright © 2018. IJEMR. All Rights Reserved.

www.ijemr.net ISSN (ONLINE): 2250-0758, ISSN (PRINT): 2394-6962

Fig.6: Bluetooth Disconnectivity

Fig.4: Flowchart of System

VI. RESULT ANALYSIS

In Fig.5 First line is displayed on LCD indicates
that distance from object. If the distance between stick and
object is <100 cm, then motor will vibrate and will alert to
blind person by saying “STOP” message through android
app. Second line is displayed on LCD indicates that
distance between stick and pit. If it is >50 cm, then blind
person can alert by sensing vibration of motor.

Fig.7: Bluetooth Connectivity

Fig.5: Object Detection using ultrasonic Sensor

238 Copyright © 2018. IJEMR. All Rights Reserved.

www.ijemr.net ISSN (ONLINE): 2250-0758, ISSN (PRINT): 2394-6962

Fig.9: Flashlight using LED with intensity of LDR

V. CONCLUSION
In this paper, I have implemented a system for
blind navigation. In this project some of very efficient and
accurate electronics are used to make the blind navigator
simple to use and effective for the blind person. The system
has been tested through several test cases.
In this system ultrasonic sensors are interfaced
with an android application to detect the obstacles. The
system also provides emergency alert to ensure their safety.
The emergency switch on the cane helps user to
communicate with his/her relatives in case of emergency.
The blind assistive device with Blind android application is
very useful for a blind person to move without the help of
other and the user can seek emergency help through voice
call. Also during night blind person can be protected
whenever needed which will ensure additional safety. This
system tried to eliminate the flaws in the previous system.
Fig.8: Emergency Alert
It aims to solve the problems faced by the blind people in
Fig.6 and Fig.7 shows Bluetooth connectivity of their daily life. This method is more efficient, accurate and
android mobile using android application. Fig.8 shows in more convenient to use.
emergency situation blind person have sent emergency
alert message to predefined number. Also Facebook status REFERENCES
is updated.
[1] Mohd Helmy abd Wahab, Amirul A. Talib, Herdawatie
A. Kadir, Ayob Johari, A.Noraziah, Roslina M. Sidek, &
Ariffin A. Mutalib. (2011). Smart cane: Assistive cane for
visually-impaired people. International Journal of
Computer Science Issues, 8(4), 21-27.
[2] Pratibha Shantaram Pawaskar, Prof. D. G. Chougule, &
Prof. A.S. Mali. (2018). Smart stick for blind person
assisted with android application and save our souls
transmission. International Journal of Electronics
Engineering, 10(1), 79-83.
[3] Mohd Suhaib Abbasi, Sanchita Das, Priyanka Kumari,
Pooja Kanungo, & Esha Saxena. (2015). Easy cane for

239 Copyright © 2018. IJEMR. All Rights Reserved.

www.ijemr.net ISSN (ONLINE): 2250-0758, ISSN (PRINT): 2394-6962

blind people for obstacle detection and accessing public

buses with seat identification system. International Journal
of Science, Technology & Management, 4(4), 38-42.
[4] Anuraag Daniel Ravi, Rajnish Kumar Pandey, Nayan
Kiran Ringane, & Ashish Narayan Mahajan. (2017).
Design and development of a prototype assistive mobility
solution for the visually impaired. International Research
Journal of Engineering and Technology, 4(6), 461-467.
[5] B.R. Prudhvi & Rishab Bagani. (2013). Silicon eyes:
GPS-GSM based navigation assistant for visually impaired
using capacitive touch braille keypad and smart SMS
facility. World Congress on Computer and Information
Technology (WCCIT), 1-3.
DOI: 10.1109/WCCIT.2013.6618775.
[6] Md. Siddiqur Rahman Tanveer, M.M.A. Hashem, &
Md. Kowsar Hossain. (2015 December). Android assistant
eyemate for blind and blind tracker. 18th International
Conference on Computer Technology (ICCIT), 266-271.
[7] Ashraf Anwar & Sultan Aljahdali. (2017). A smart stick
for assisting blind people. IOSR Journal of Computer
Engineering, 19(3), 86-90.

240 Copyright © 2018. IJEMR. All Rights Reserved.