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Neolithic Architecture PDF

The document discusses Neolithic architecture between 10,000-2,000 BC. Some of the earliest structures were found in southeast Anatolia, Syria, and Iraq by 8,000 BC. Important Neolithic settlements include Jericho in the Levant from 8,350 BC, Çatalhöyük in Turkey from 7,500 BC, and Skara Brae in the Orkney Islands, Scotland from 3,500 BC. Çatalhöyük, located in southern Anatolia, was a large proto-city settlement occupied from 7500-5700 BC and is the largest and best-preserved Neolithic site found to date.

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248 views1 page

Neolithic Architecture PDF

The document discusses Neolithic architecture between 10,000-2,000 BC. Some of the earliest structures were found in southeast Anatolia, Syria, and Iraq by 8,000 BC. Important Neolithic settlements include Jericho in the Levant from 8,350 BC, Çatalhöyük in Turkey from 7,500 BC, and Skara Brae in the Orkney Islands, Scotland from 3,500 BC. Çatalhöyük, located in southern Anatolia, was a large proto-city settlement occupied from 7500-5700 BC and is the largest and best-preserved Neolithic site found to date.

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decay
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Neolithic architecture

Refers to structures encompassing housing and shelter from approximately 10,000


to 2,000 BC, the Neolithic period. In southwest Asia, Neolithic cultures appear soon
after 10,000 BC, initially in the Levant (Pre-Pottery Neolithic A and Pre-Pottery
Neolithic B) and from there into the east and west. Early Neolithic structures can be
found in southeast Anatolia, Syria, and Iraq by 8,000 BC, with food-producing
societies first appearing in southeast Europe by 7,000 BC, and central Europe by ca.
5,500 BC (of which the earliest cultural complexes include the Starčevo-Koros
(Cris), Linearbandkeramic, and Vinča. ]The people of the Americas and the Pacific
remained at the Neolithic level of technology up until the time of European contact,
including very small exceptions (a few copper hatchets and spear heads in the Great
Lakes region).

Neolithic settlements include: Figure 1 Excavated Dwellings at Skara Brae


 Jericho in the Levant, Neolithic from around 8,350 BC, arising from the
earlier Epipaleolithic Natufian culture
 Çatalhöyük in Turkey, 7,500 BC
 Mehrgarh in Pakistan, 7,000 BC
 Göbekli Tepe in Turkey, ca. 9,000 BC
 Nevali Cori in Turkey, ca. 8,000 BC
 Knap of Howar and Skara Brae, the Orkney Islands, Scotland, from 3,500 BC
 over 3,000 settlements of the Cucuteni-Trypillian culture, some with
populations up to 15,000 residents, flourished in present-
day Romania, Moldova and Ukraine from 5,400–2,800 BC.
The world's oldest known engineered roadway, the Sweet Track in England, also
dates from this time.
Figure 2 A Dolemen at Couto Esteves, Portugal
Jericho (Hebrew:Yeriẖo) is a city located near the Jordan River in the West Bank. It
is the administrative seat of the Jericho Governorate. In 2007, it had a population
of 18,346.[2] The city was occupied by Jordan from 1949 to 1967, and has been held under occupation since 1967; administrative control was
handed over to the Palestinian Authority in 1994 It is believed to be one of the oldest inhabited cities in the world.

Archaeologists have unearthed the remains of more than 20 successive settlements in Jericho, the first of which dates back 11,000 years
(9000 BCE),[8][9] almost to the very beginning of the Holocene epoch of the Earth's history.[10][11]
Jericho is described in the Hebrew Bible as the "City of Palm Trees". Copious springs in and around the city attracted human habitation for
thousands of years.

Çatalhöyük (Çatal Höyük and Çatal Hüyük; çatal is Turkish for "fork", höyük for
"mound") was a very large Neolithic andChalcolithic proto-city settlement in
southern Anatolia, which existed from approximately 7500 BC to 5700 BC, and
flourished around 7000 BC.[1] It is the largest and best-preserved Neolithic site
found to date. In July 2012, it was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Figure 3 Catalhuyuk at the time of the first excavations

Definition of terms:

Epoch-a period of time in history or a person's life.

References:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithic_architecture

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