Wiring & Safety Devices: Batten

ENERGY SYSTEM
Wiring & Safety Devices

Distribution Board:
A distribution board divides an electrical power feed into
subsidiary circuits, while providing a protective fuse or
circuit breaker for each circuit in a common enclosure.
Electric Supply System
Electrical Safety Devices/ Current Protective Devices
Fuses: Its essential component is a metal wire or strip that
melts when too much current flows through it, thereby
interrupting the current. Types: Semi enclosed rewirable
fuse, cartridge fuse, HBC cartridge fuse(High Breaking
capacity)
Fuses & Circuit Breakers
Circuit Breakers: It essentially consists of fixed and moving
contacts. Whenever a fault occurs on any part of the system, the
trip coil of the breaker gets energized and the contacts move
apart from each other , thus opening the circuit.
Types
MCB- Miniature Circuit Breaker
ELCB - Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker (avoid shock).RCCB
(residual current circuit breaker)
ACB :Air Circuit Breaker
ELECTRICAL WIRING
(Cab Tyre Sheath or Tough Tyre Sheath)
Batten
Batten
Batten Wiring
Old Wiring System
cable
Cable
CLEAT WIRING
clip
Safety with Durability

I 22. mus &
SUPER PLAST
E
SUPER PLAST Actas zem HMS
3
Electrical PVC Conduit Pipes & fittings
Non-metallic Conduit
(PVC)
Metallic Conduit Wiring (Steel)

Surface Conduit Wiring
Cleat wiring:
ry simple method and cheapest one.

1. Ve
2. Single core PVC cables are used in this system.
O
3. Cleats are made up of porcelain and have two parts base piece and cap.
4. When wires are passed on to the walls or ceiling, they must taken
through conduit pipes.
5. this system is not used in damp walls, ceilings.
ntages:
Adva
✓ Materials collected after removal installation can be used for further
wiring ✓ Expansion of w iring is possible ✓ Fault can be easily
identify

Disadvantages: ✓ Less safety ✓ Poor appearance ✓
Cant used for permanent installation
Wooden Casing and Capping wiring
- Casing and Capping wiring system w

as famous wiring system in the past. The
cables used in this kind of wiring were either VIR or PVC o
r any other
approved insulated cables.
f a
The cables were carried through the wooden c asing enclosures. The casing is made up
o
strip of wood with parallel grooves c ut length wise so as to accommodate
VIR cables.
o The capping (also made of wood) used to cover the wires and cables
installed and
fitted in the casing.
Advantages of Casing C
apping Wiring:
- It is cheap wiring system as compared to sheathed and
conduit wiring systems
It is strong and long-lasting wiring system.
• Customization can be easily done in this wiring system.
If Phase and Neutral wire is installed in separate slots, then
repairing is easy. → Stay for long time in the field due to strong
insulation of capping and c asing. - It stays safe from oil, Steam,
smoke and rain. - No risk of electric shock due to covered
wires and cables in casing & capping.
Disadvantages of Casing Capping Wiring:
• There is a high risk of f ire in casing & capping wiring
system.
Not suitable in the a
cidic, alkalies and humidity
conditions
· Costly repairing and need more material. - Material
can't be found easily in the contemporary - White ants
may damage the casing & capping of wood.
Lead Sheathed Wiring
Lead Sheathed Cables

-
•
This types of wiring used f or low voltage installation This system
requires good earthing Sharp pending of the cables should
be avoided
Advantages:
Protection from fire is good and mechanical protection is

high
Disadvantages
Lead Sheathed Wiring
Not suited where fumes of acid are present.
Lead-sheathed electrical wiring in Pilot quarters
Conduit Wiring
An electrical conduit is a tube u
sed to protect and route electrical wiring in
a building or nonbuilding structure. Electrical conduit may be
made of metal, plastic, fiber, or fired clay.
There are two additional types of conduit wiring according to pipe
installation Surface Conduit Wiring Concealed Conduit Wiring
Metal conduit
onduit wiring
Surface c
P.V.C. conduit
Conduit wiring
Metal conduit
Concealed conduit wiring
P.V.C. conduit
Types of Conduit
Following conduits are used in the conduit wiring systems (both concealed and surface
conduit wiring) which are shown in the above image. - Metallic Conduit -
Non-metallic conduit Metallic Conduit:
- Metallic conduits are made of steel which are very strong but
costly as well. - There are two types of metallic conduits. - Class A
Conduit: Low gauge conduit (Thin layer steel sheet conduit) -
Class B Conduit: High gauge conduit (Thick sheet of steel
conduit) Non-metallic Conduit:
- A solid PVC conduit is used as non-metallic conduit now a days,
which is flexible and
easy to bend
Advantage of Conduit Wiring Systems
It is the safest wiring system (Concealed conduit wring) Appearance is very beautiful (in case
of concealed conduit wiring) No risk of mechanical wear & tear and fire in case of
metallic pipes. Customization can be easily done according to the future needs.
Repairing and maintenance is easy. There is no risk of damage the cables insulation. it is
safe from corrosion (in case of PVC conduit) and risk of fire. It can be used even in
humidity , chemical effect and smoky areas. No risk of electric shock (In case of proper
earthing and grounding of metallic pipes). It is reliable and popular wiring system.
sustainable and long-lasting wiring system.
Disadvantages of Conduit Wiring Systems
- It is expensive wiring system (Due to PVC and Metallic
pipes, Additional earthing for
ery hard to find the d
lbows etc. -
metallic pipes Tee(s) and e V efects in
the wiring. - installation is not easy and simple.
Risk of Electric shock (In case of metallic pipes without
proper earthing system) - Very complicated to manage
additional connection in the future.
Fig: Conduit wiring

Batten Wiring (CTS or TRS)
- This type of wiring is also used for house wiring and its also
quite cheap. - Cab Tyre Sheathed (C.T.S) wire or Tough
Rubber Sheathed (T.R.S) wire is normally
used as conductor for this wiring.
Batten
Batten Wiring
Old Wiring System
Cable
Clip
Advantages of Batten Wiring Disadvantages of B

atten
Wiring
- Wiring installation is simple and easy

cheap as compared to other electrical wiring systems - Paraphrase is good
and beautiful - Repairing is easy - strong and long-lasting -
Customization can be easily done in this wiring system. - less chance of
leakage current in batten wiring system
Can't be install in the humidity, Chemical effects, open and outdoor areas. - High risk
of firs
Not safe from external wear & tear and weather effects (because, the wires are openly
visible to heat, dust, steam and smoke. Heavy wires can't be used in batten
wiring system.
Only suitable below then 250V. - Need more cables and wires.
Comparison between Different Wiring Systems
S.No
Conduit
Wiring
1
5 6
Particulars
Cleat Wiring Casing Capping Batten www.electricaltechnology.org
Wiring
Wiring Life
Short Fairly long Long Cost
Low
Medium
Medium Mechanical Protection None
Fair
None Possibility of fire
Nii
Good
Good Protection from dampness None Slight / a little None
Type of labor required Semi-Skilled Highly skilled Semi-skilled
Installation
Very Easy Difficult
Easy Inspection
Easy
Easy
Easy Repair
Easy Little bit difficult Easy Popularity
Nil
Fair Comparison of Different Wiring Systems
Very long
ood
Highest Very g
Nil
Good Highly Skilled
Difficult Difficult Difficult Very High
9 10
Nil

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ENERGY SYSTEM