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    There Are Three Main Fingerprint Patterns

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    Ryan Borcelis
    There are three main fingerprint patterns: arches, loops, and whorls. Loops make up 60-70% of fingerprints and are characterized by one or more ridges entering on one side, re-curving, and exiting on the other side. Within loops, radial loops curve toward the thumb and ulnar loops curve toward the little finger. Whorls, seen in 25-35% of fingerprints, have ridges that make one or more complete circuits with two or more deltas. The four types of whorls are plain, central pocket loop, double loop, and accidental.

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    There Are Three Main Fingerprint Patterns

    Uploaded by

    Ryan Borcelis
    165 views3 pages
    There are three main fingerprint patterns: arches, loops, and whorls. Loops make up 60-70% of fingerprints and are characterized by one or more ridges entering on one side, re-curving, and exiting on the other side. Within loops, radial loops curve toward the thumb and ulnar loops curve toward the little finger. Whorls, seen in 25-35% of fingerprints, have ridges that make one or more complete circuits with two or more deltas. The four types of whorls are plain, central pocket loop, double loop, and accidental.

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    Fingerprint patterns

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    There are three main fingerprint patterns: arches, loops, and whorls. Loops make up 60-70% of fingerprints and are characterized by one or more ridges entering on one side, re-curving, and exiting on the other side. Within loops, radial loops curve toward the thumb and ulnar loops curve toward the little finger. Whorls, seen in 25-35% of fingerprints, have ridges that make one or more complete circuits with two or more deltas. The four types of whorls are plain, central pocket loop, double loop, and accidental.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    165 views3 pages

    There Are Three Main Fingerprint Patterns

    Uploaded by

    Ryan Borcelis
    There are three main fingerprint patterns: arches, loops, and whorls. Loops make up 60-70% of fingerprints and are characterized by one or more ridges entering on one side, re-curving, and exiting on the other side. Within loops, radial loops curve toward the thumb and ulnar loops curve toward the little finger. Whorls, seen in 25-35% of fingerprints, have ridges that make one or more complete circuits with two or more deltas. The four types of whorls are plain, central pocket loop, double loop, and accidental.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    There are three main fingerprint patterns: arches, loops and whorls.

    Arches are found in about 5% of fingerprint patterns encountered. The ridges run
    from one side to the other of the pattern, making no backward turn. Ordinarily, there
    is no delta in an arch pattern but where there a delta, no re-curving ridge must
    intervene between the core and delta points. There are four types of arch patterns:
    plain arches, radial arches, ulnar arches and tented arches. Plain arches have an even
    flow of ridges from one side to the other of the pattern, no “significant up thrusts” and
    the ridges enter on one side of the impression, and flow out the other with a rise or
    wave in the center. The ridges of radial arches slope towards the thumb, have one
    delta and no re-curving ridges. On ulnar arches, the ridges slope towards the little
    finger, have one delta and no re-curving ridges. Tented arches have an angle, an up
    thrust, or two of the three basic characteristics of the loop. They don’t have the same
    "easy" flow that plain arches do and particularly have “significant up thrusts” in the
    ridges near the middle that arrange themselves on both sides of a spine or axis towards
    which the adjoining ridges converge and appear to form tents.

    Plain Arch Tented Arch

    Loops occur in about 60-70 % of fingerprint patterns encountered. One or more of


    the ridges enters on either side of the impression, re-curves, touches or crosses the line
    running from the delta to the core and terminates on or in the direction of the side
    where the ridge or ridges entered. Each loop pattern has is one delta and one core and
    has a ridge count. Radial loops are named after the radius, a bone in the forearm that
    joins the hand on the same side as the thumb. The flow of the pattern in radial loops
    runs in the direction of the radius (toward the thumb). Radial loops are not very
    common and most of the time radial loops will be found on the index fingers. Ulnar
    loops are named after the ulna, a bone in the forearm. The ulna is on the same side as
    the little finger and the flow of the pattern in a ulnar loop runs in the direction of the
    ulna (toward the little finger).
    Radial Loop Ulnar Loop

    Whorls are seen in about 25-35 % of fingerprint patterns encountered. In a whorl,


    some of the ridges make a turn through at least one circuit. Any fingerprint pattern
    which contains 2 or more deltas will be a whorl pattern. There are four types of whorl
    patterns. Plain whorls consist of one or more ridges which make or tend to make a
    complete circuit with two deltas, between which an imaginary line is drawn and at
    least one re-curving ridge within the inner pattern area is cut or touched. Central
    pocket loop whorls consist of at least one re-curving ridge or an obstruction at right
    angles to the line of flow, with two deltas, between which when an imaginary line is
    drawn, no re-curving ridge within the pattern area is cut or touched. Central pocket
    loop whorl ridges make one complete circuit which may be spiral, oval, circular or
    any variant of a circle. Double loop whorls consist of two separate and distinct loop
    formations with two separate and distinct shoulders for each core, two deltas and one
    or more ridges which make, a complete circuit. Between the two at least one re-
    curving ridge within the inner pattern area is cut or touched when an imaginary line is
    drawn. Accidental whorls consist of two different types of patterns with the exception
    of the plain arch, have two or more deltas or a pattern which possess some of the
    requirements for two or more different types or a pattern which conforms to none of
    the definitions.

    Plain Whorl Central Pocket Whorl


    Double Loop Whorl Accidental Whorl

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