Compendioacupunturajaponesa

THE THREE-LEVEL ACUPUNCTURE BALANCE
Integrating Japanese Acupuncture

with AcuGraph Computer Diagnosis
Jake Paul Fratkin, OMD, L.c.
PART 1 ANTECEDENTS TO 3-LEVEL PROTOCOL
A. Overview and Introduction p. 2

B. Schools of Acupuncture Practiced in the West 5
C. Acupuncture: General Considerations 6
D. Level One: The Primary Channels 8
E. Level One: Keriaku Chiryo 9
F. Level Two: The 8 Extraordinary Channels 13
G. Level Three: Divergent Channels 16
H. 3-Level Antecedents From Japan 17
I. Somato-Auricular Therapy (SAT) 31
PART 2 THE 3-LEVEL PROTOCOL

A. Acugraph Diagnosis 35
B. Abdomen and Head 37
C. Basic 3-Level Protocol 37
D. Mop-Up Treatment 38
E. 5-System Tai Ji Balance Method 40
F. Naomoto: Midday-Midnight Needling Method 42
G. Auriculotherapy 42
H. Back Treatment 42
I. Considerations 43
J. Clinical Observations 45
Qi Gong Exercises 48
Recommended Texts 50
Resources 52
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PART 1 ANTECEDENTS TO 3-LEVEL PROTOCOL
A. OVERVIEW AND INTRODUCTION

1. What I hope To Accomplish
a. Theory and Practice
1. Theory
a. Components of 3-Level Balance
b. Japanese versus Chinese approach
2. Practice
a. Point selection
b. Point location
c. Needle technique
b. Acugraph
1. How to choose and use different menus
2. How to get accurate readings
c. Therapy
1. Various systems of meridian balancing
2. Various approaches to diagnosis besides computer
3. Prioritizing the SAT protocol with ion pumping cords
4. Japanese needle technique and point location
5. Clinical problems and conundrums
d. Why I like this approach
1. Complex and sophisticated balance
2. Confirmation via O-ring muscle testing
2. Three-Level Meridian Balancing is a modern approach

a. Balances primary channels, divergent channels, 8 Extra
b. Synthesis of a Japanese protocol based primarily on the work of
1. Yoshio Manaka, MD
2. Miki Shima, OMD
c. Also incorporates the work of
1. Japanese meridian therapy (Keriaku Chiryo)
2. Dr. Richard Tan
3. Nogier and TCM auriculotherapy
Jake Paul Fratkin, OMD, L.Ac. • drjakefratkin.com

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3. Seeks to achieve a total meridian balance

a. When meridians are in balance, the body heals quickly and efficiently
b. This is a root treatment
1. Perfect for chronic cases
2. Perfect for maintenance and health enhancement
c. Can be followed/accompanied by branch treatment
1. Auriculotherapy
2. TCM
3. Japanese
4. Dr. Tan/Master T’ung
4. Meridian systems (TCM approach)

a. From most superficial (wei level) to deepest (yuan level):
1. Sinew channels (musculo-tendino)
2. Luo-Connecting channels
3. Primary channels
4. Divergent channels
5. Eight extraordinary channels
b. Three-Layer theory (TCM approach)
1. Pathogens affect and are treated differently
a. Wei
1. Treat sinew channels
2. Treat luo-connecting channels
3. Treat divergent channels
b. Ying
1. Treat primary channels
2. Treat luo-connecting channels
c. Yuan
1. Treat extraordinary channels
5. The 3-Level Protocol (Japanese approach)

a. Primary channels: uses teshin devices to adjust skin above channels
1. Regulates excess and deficiency of the primary channels
2. Use teishin to release kori and other imbalances

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3. Addresses primary channel imbalances after the 8 Extra and

Divergent balance
b. 8 Extraordinary Channels
1. Balances the musculoskeletal structure
2. Circulates energy throughout the 8 Extra network
c. Divergent Channels
1. Adjusts and utilizes the divergent channels to circulate qi and
blood through the zang-fu network
a. Connects primaries to zang-fu
2. Harmonizes yin-yang element partners
d. Auricular Therapy
1. Utilizes ear points
a. To reinforce the primary channel treatment
b. To address specific complaints (branch treatment)
6. Our approach relies on Acugraph computer diagnosis

a. Origin was Akabane diagnosis (1970s-1980s)
1. Stroking jing-well points with incense, counting number of
strokes until patient feels heat
2. Painful, time consuming
3. Requires mathematical calculations to determine treatment
b. Acugraph includes the protocol within their program
1. Calculations are instantaneous
2. Gives point prescriptions
c. Acugraph is also used for primary channel balance alone
7. 3 Level Balance can be performed with:

a. Needles with ion pumping cords
1. Moves excess to deficiency
b. Bi-metal needles
c. Needles with tonification-sedation methods
d. Laser
e. Electro-stim
f. Moxibustion

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B. SCHOOLS OF ACUPUNCTURE PRACTICED IN THE W EST

1. Chinese
a. TCM/CAM: based on zang-fu, 1950s
1. Foundation style taught throughout the world
2. Applies acupuncture points to zang-fu pathology
b. Channel: Wang Ju-Yi
c. Classical: Jeffrey Yuen, Hamid Montakab
d. Taiji/Mirror Approach: Master T’ung, Richard Tan
2. Korean
a. Sasang (Korean constitutional medicine) - Joseph Kim
b. Korean hand acupuncture - Tae-Woo Yoo, 1971
3. Japanese
a. Sawada Method - Ken Sawada (1877-1938)
b. Keriaku Chiryo (Meridian Therapy) 1936-present
1. Denmai Shudo, Koei Kuwahara, Stephen Brown
2. Kodo Fukishima - Toyo Hari
c. Yoshio Manaka, Stephen Birch
d. Topological Society, Miki Shima
e. Kiyoshi Nagano, Kiiko Matsumoto
f. Masakazu Ikeda, Edward Obaidey
g. Shoji Kobayashi – Acupuncture Core Therapy
1. Koshi Balancing - Jeffrey Dann
h. Yoshito Mukaino - Muscle Meridian test
4. English
a. Founding fathers
1. Dick Van Buren, 1950s
a. Giovanni Maciocia
2. Royston Low, 1960s, 1970s
3. Felix Mann - medical acupuncture, 1970s
b. J.R. Worsley – Five Element Acupuncture, 1980s
5. French
a. Founding fathers

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1. Georges Soulié de Morant (1878-1955); 1940

2. Roger De La Füye, 1956
3. Albert Chamfrault, physician acupuncture, 1969
b. Nguyen Van Nghi (1909-1999) (Marseille)
1. Mark Seem (New York, USA)
2. Tran Viet Dzung (Nice, France)
c. Yves Requena – constitutional
d. Maurice Mussat – trigram approach
1. Joseph Helms (USA) - UCLA medical acupuncture
e. Paul and Raphael Nogier – auriculotherapy, 1970 to present
1. Terry Oelson (USA), 1980s
6. German
a. Johannes Bischko, 1985
b. Gabriel Stux, medical acupuncture, 2003
c. Michael Weber – laser acupuncture, 2014
7. American Chiropractic
a. Richard Yennie, John Amaro, Zev Myerowitz
C. ACUPUNCTURE: GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

1. Basic Concepts
a. Discussion of qi and blood
b. Discussion of meridian network (meridian vs. organ)
c. 24 hour bio-clock
1. Follows meridian sequence in body
d. Relationship of 6 levels
e. Relationships of 5 Phases (element)
2. Discussion of needle and effect
a. Why do needles work?
3. Comparison of Japanese to Chinese acupuncture
a. Chinese TCM: 3-point combo directed towards symptom/ complaint
b. Japanese: balance meridians
4. Comparison of Japanese to Chinese styles of acupuncture
a. Needle technique
b. De Qi

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COMPARISON OF CHINESE AND JAPANESE NEEDLE TECHNIQUES
Chinese Japanese
Insertion of needle Deep: 10-75 mm Superficial: .5-20 mm
Needle Thickness Thick: 0.20 mm (#36) Thin: 0.12 mm (#44)

- 0.35 mm (#28) - 0.18 mm (#38)
Point Placement Follows the body’s anatomy Touches the skin to

sense active point
De Qi The patient feels the The practitioner feels the

arrival of qi arrival of qi through the
needle
Moxibustion Indirect treatment: Direct treatment:

Influences a large area Uses small cones burned
on the skin surface on the skin surface
COMPARISON OF NEEDLE SIZES
Japanese # Color Chinese gauge # Thickness (mm)
00 (02) Dk green 44 .12

0 (01) Lt green 42 .14
1 Red 40 .16
2 Ivory 38 .18
3 Blue 36 .20
4 Pink 34 .22
5 Purple 32 .25

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D. LEVEL ONE: THE PRIMARY CHANNEL BALANCE

1. Ling Shu chapter 15 described the meridian flow as a circuit
a. LU > LI > ST > SP > HT > SI > BL > KI > PC > TW > GB > LV > LU
1. There are contradictory statements in the Ling Shu
a. The final circuit was not confirmed until 1341, Shi Si
Jing Fa Hui (“Fourteen Channels Elucidation”), Hua Bo-
Ren
2. Ultimately, the primary channel circuit is the most important
flow in the body
a. Qi continuously flows through the circuit
b. Explains jet-lag
3. Should be maintained daily
a. Primary Channel qi gong
b. Manaka’s Taiji treatment
2. Health is maintained when there is a continuous flow of qi through the channel
circuit, and when the overall quality of qi is good
a. Primary channels are responsible for circulation of qi, blood, ying and
wei
b. In disruption, some channels will show excess, and some will show
deficiency
c. Determining excess and deficiency
1. Pulse
2. Skin palpation
3. Channel and point palpation
4. Abdomen
5. Computer diagnosis: Acugraph, MEAD
3. The Six Levels

a. Organization
1. Tai yang Greater yang SI-BL
2. Shao yang Lesser yang TW-GB
3. Yang ming Yang brightness LI-ST
4. Tai yin Greater yin LU-SP
5. Shao yin Lesser yin HT-KI
6. Jue yin Terminal yin PC-LV

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b. Depth in body
1. Placement on arms and legs, from lateral to medial,
corresponds with depth of associated organ
2. Yang channels, from most superficial to deepest
a. Tai yang: Small Intestine, Bladder Lateral
b. Shao yang: Triple Warmer, Gallbladder Central
c. Yang ming: Large Intestine, Stomach Medial
3. Yin channels, from most superficial to deepest
a. Tai yin: Lung, Spleen Medial
b. Jue yin: Pericardium, Liver Central
c. Shao yin: Heart, Kidney Lateral
c. For deeper discussion, see HANDOUT ADDENDUM, Wang Ju-Yi’s
Observations on Six Levels, p. 1
E. LEVEL 1: KERIAKU CHIRYO

1. Balancing based on Keriaku Chiryo: Japanese Meridian Therapy
a. Excesses and deficiencies are determined by pulse position comparisons
b. Relationships are seen as primary or secondary patterns
c. Primary patterns (sho)
1. Spleen
2. Lung
3. Kidney
4. Liver
5. (Heart)
d. History
1. The effects of the Meiji Restoration
2. Rebirth of Nanjing Classical Acupuncture as Japanese Meridian
Therapy
3. Point selection:
a. Designations and groupings of points
b. Father-mother-child relationship. 69th chapter.
e. Based on 69th Chapter of Nan Jing (180 AD):
1. “In a case of deficiency, fill the respective meridian’s mother. In
a case of excess, sedate the respective meridian’s child. One
must first fill, and sedate afterwards.”

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f. Development
1. 1930-1940s: Sorei Yanagiya, Sodo Okabe, Keiri Inoue
2. 1940-1985: Kodo Fukushima
3. 1980s-present: Denmai Shudo, Akizo Okada, Masakazu Ikeda,
Kuei Kuwahara, Stephen Brown
PRINCIPLES OF MERIDIAN THERAPY
From: TRADITIONAL JAPANESE ACUPUNCTURE: FUNDAMENTALS OF MERIDIAN THERAPY, Society of

Traditional Japanese Medicine, Koei Kuwahara, editor; Complimentary Medicine Press, 2003
1. Affirmation of the existence of meridians

2. The view that all diseases will manifest as a change in the meridians
3. Changes in the meridians, whether deficient or excess, are grasped by focusing
on the comparison of pulse positions
4. Focusing on patterns (sho) of imbalance based on deficiency of the yin-zang
organs-meridians
a. Liver, Spleen, Lung and Kidney
5. The splitting of treatment between root treatment and local (branch) treatment
a. These are performed simultaneously and have equal value
b. Root treatments have standardized protocols
1. Root treatment focuses on one of the yin-zang organ-
meridians (sho)
2. Recent effort to encourage wider point selection than just
classical recommendations
6. Treatment theory: tonify deficiency and disperse excess
7. Focus on tonification
a. Use shallow insertion with retained needles
b. Or no insertion at all (contact needling)

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PULSE CLASSIC, Wang Shu-He

3 RD century, CE
LEFT Distal RIGHT

Superficial Deep Superficial Deep
Fire Small Intestine Heart cun Large Intestine Lung Metal
Wood Gallbladder Liver guan Stomach Spleen Earth
Water Bladder Kidney chi Sanjiao Pericardium Fire
Proximal
THE PATTERNS
(1) Primary (2) Mother (3) Father

1. Lung Spleen Ht/PC or Liver
2. Spleen Heart/PC Liver or Kidney
3. Liver Kidney Lung or Spleen
4. Kidney Lung Spleen or HT/PC
(5. PC/Heart Liver Kidney or Lung)

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CLASSICAL SYNDROMES IN KERIAKU CHIRYO

Koei Kuwahara, Traditional Japanese Acupuncture,
Fundamentals of Meridian Therapy
1. Liver Deficiency Heat Pattern

2. Liver Deficiency Cold Pattern
3. Spleen Deficiency Yangming Channel Excess Heat Pattern

4. Spleen Deficiency Stomach Excess Heat Pattern
5. Spleen Deficiency Stomach Deficiency Heat Pattern
6. Spleen Deficiency Cold Pattern
7. Spleen Deficiency Liver Excess Heat Pattern
8. Spleen Deficiency Liver Excess Blood Stasis Pattern
9. Lung Deficiency Yang Meridian Excess Heat Pattern

10. Lung Deficiency Cold Pattern
11. Lung Deficiency Liver Excess Blood Stasis Pattern
12. Kidney Deficiency Heat Pattern

13. Kidney Deficiency Cold Pattern
14. Heart Heat

15. Heart Cold

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F. LEVEL TW O: THE 8 EXTRAORDINARY CHANNELS

1. For deeper details of TCM tradition, see HANDOUT ADDENDUM, Secondary
Channels in TCM, p. 6
2. Name
a. Qí Jīng Bā Mài, 奇经⼋脉
b. “Extraordinary Channel Eight Circulation”
3. TCM Understanding of Eight Extraordinary Channels

a. 8 Extra channels are considered to be storage vessels or reservoirs of
energy
1. Stores and distributes yuan-jing
2. Constitutional, pre-heaven channels
b. They are not regular channels
1. They follow their own courses
a. Do not have cutaneous, sinew, or channel divergences
2. They are not associated directly with the zang-fu
3. They do not have dedicated acupuncture points
a. They cross primary channel points and are controlled or
influenced by primary channel points
4. Do not have normal yang-yin pairs
5. Did not come into clinical use until the 14th century
c. Main characteristics
1. As constitutional vessels, they represent the link between pre-
heaven (inherited) energies, and post-heaven energies
2. Maintain the inner equilibrium of qi, blood and distribution of
jing
a. Will handle overflow and excess of qi and blood from
primary channel system
3. The Nanjing:
a. They act as reservoirs in case of primary channel
depletion
b. Act as reservoirs in case of primary channel excess
1. Protect against external pathogenic factors
c. Can absorb and transfer excess during blockages in the
primary channel network

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d. Structural
1. Ren and Du divide the body left and right
2. Chong divides the body into yin and yang
3. Dai divides the body top and bottom
4. Wei and Qiao coordinate life changes and are responsible for
the aging process
4. Functions in General
a. Fertility and conception
1. Manage and distribute jing
b. Embryological development
1. Prenatal 8 Extra channels consist of parents’ jing, embryo’s
yuan-source qi, and zong qi – the cosmic or ancestral qi
c. 8 Extra channels link pre-heaven and post-heaven qi
1. Circulate and distribute inherited jing
a. Jing is transformed into qi
b. Distributes to the zang-fu via Triple Warmer function
c. Distribute ying qi, wei qi, fluids and blood
d. Nourishes marrow and brain
2. This enables the various stages of growth and life
5. Specific Functions
a. Ren Mai
1. Controls all aspects, functions and location of yin
2. Command/confluent point: LU 7
b. Du Mai
1. Controls all aspects, functions and location of yang
2. Command/confluent point: SI 3
c. Chong Mai
1. Original Chinese name meant “pregnancy”
a. Important for uterus, ovary, fertility, menses
2. Command/confluent point: SP 4
d. Dai Mai
1. Belt/Girdle vessel
2. Command/confluent point: GB 41

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e. Yang Wei Mai

1. Yang Linking: links all yang channels
2. Command/confluent point: TW 5
f. Yin Wei Mai
1. Yin Linking: links all yin channels
2. Command/confluent point: PC 6
g. Yang Qiao Mai
1. Yang Motility
2. Qiao means “to lift up one’s heel”
3. Command/confluent point: BL 62
h. Yin Qiao Mai
1. Yin Motility
2. Command/confluent point: KI 6
6. Traditional pairings
a. Lu 7 – KI 6 Ren - Yinqiao
b. PC 6 – SP 4 Yinwei - Chong
c. SI 3 – BL 62 Du - Yangqiao
d. TW 5 – GB 41 Yangwei – Dai
7. Japanese Understanding
a. Manaka believed that the 8 Extra channels were the pathways by which
qi and blood distributed in the embryo
1. Prior to maturation of the primary channels, which happens
after birth and is finalized at age 3
2. Manaka did not specify that the 8 Extras stored and circulated
yuan-jing
b. Manaka saw the 8 Extras as being the the network that maintains the
structural body
c. See section on Manaka, below

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G. LEVEL THREE: DIVERGENT CHANNELS

1. For deeper details of TCM tradition, see HANDOUT ADDENDUM, Secondary
Channels in TCM, p. 17
2. General
a. Jing Bie (经别 jīng bié)
b. Described in Chapter 11, Ling Shu (Huang Di Nei Jing)
1. No symptomology or treatment protocols are described
c. The channel “diverges” from the main channel to join with their yin-
yang partner channel and organ
1. Eventually joins again into the yang channel that enters neck
and head
2. Because yin and yang channels merge, they take on therapeutic
aspects of the other
d. Only channels beside primary channel to connect with zang-fu
1. Enhance the relationship between exterior and interior
e. Helps connect head and neck with body and organs
1. Balances channels with associated organs
2. Seen to balance heaven (head) and earth (body)
f. Six Confluences
1. The 6 yin-yang pairs
a. Confluence 1: BL-KI (Water)
b. Confluence 2: GB-LV (Wood)
c. Confluence 3: ST-SP (Earth)
d. Confluence 4: SI-HT (Fire)
e. Confluence 5: TB-PC (Ministerial Fire)
f. Confluence 6: LI-LU (Metal)
2. Sequence follows anatomical location, lateral to medial
3. Distribution
a. Start at He-Sea points
1. The energy dives deep into the interior
b. They all join their coupled channel
1. The coupled channels go to their associated zang-fu organs
c. All converge at GV 20
d. Complete pathways, see HANDOUT ADDENDUM, p. 20

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4. Functions
a. Maintain connection between head (heaven) and body (earth)
1. Regulates distribution of qi, blood, yin, yang and fluids
2. Under stress, energy will rise to head
3. Treatment brings excess above (neck and face) back down to
He-sea points
b. Protection of internal organs
1. Last protection against xie qi (pathogenic qi) penetrating to
zang fu
a. If it has passed the wei qi, jing jie (sinew channels) or
luo mai (connecting channels)
b. Deeper pathogens can get stuck at the divergent
channels level
c. Become more chronic or latent
H. 3-LEVEL ANTECEDENTS FROM JAPAN

1. Kobei Akabane
a. 1940s-1950s
b. Akabane diagnosis used incense thermal evaluation
1. Thermal evaluation of jing-well points compares meridian
response, indicating relative excesses and deficiencies
a. 5-10 light strokes of burning incense on jing-well points
until patient reports heat sensation
b. Number is counted, recorded, and compared
2. Further developed by Manaka, Itaya and Shima
c. Akabane Treatment method
1. Minimized needle treatment
a. Preferred moxa to needles
b. Invented and used hinaishin intradermal needle
c. Invented and used magrain pellets with tape
2. Preferred unilateral treatment
3. Back Shu treatment
a. Would tonify side of channel with greatest right-left
imbalance
1. Used hinaishin (intradermal needle) for 5-7 days

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b. Would then tonify other weak channels with direct

moxa (unilateral Back Shu point)
1. >10 cones, until skin red
d. Expanded diagnostic parameters
1. Use of 8 Extra channels pulses
2. Abdominal diagnosis
3. Hirata body zones
4. Mubun Oda facial diagnosis
2. Yoshio Nakatani, MD
a. Influenced by Akabane’s incense diagnosis
b. Discovered that acupuncture points had lowered electrical resistance
when measured
1. Named these points Ryodoraku, meaning electro-conductive
points
c. Developed Ryodoraku electro-meridian diagnosis, 1950
1. Predecessor to Acugraph
3. Yoshio Manaka, MD (1911-1989)
a. Biography and Overview

1. Medical doctor with a Ph.D. in biology
2. Devoted himself to acupuncture, moxibustion and herbal
medicine
3. Student of Akabane
4. Throughout career, performed numerous scientific experiments
testing and expanding frontiers of acupuncture
5. Developed the use of ion-pumping cords to move places of
excess to places of deficiency

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a. This developed from his war-time experiences treating

burn victims
b. Confirmed unidirectional aspect of meridian flow
c. Electricity flows from black to red, one direction only
d. With IPC, treatment times could be 10 minutes
6. Investigated use of magnet polarity for diagnosis and treatment
7. Developed abdominal diagnosis based on lying flat on a bed
a. Different Mu point locations based on lying flat
b. See HANDOUT ADDENDUM, p. 26
b. Saw body paradigm in yin-yang terms
1. Yin Yang
Front Back
Upper Lower
Right side Left side
Inside Outside
2. The body is driven to keep the four polarities in balance
3. 8 Extra best way to to balance 4 quadrants
c. Palpatory Diagnosis
1. Relied on abdominal palpation
2. Also palpation of distal points
3. Looked for patterns of tension, tightness, soreness or pain
4. Confirmed treatment efficacy be rechecking places of soreness
or tension
a. Eg, abdominal patterns of tension would change
immediately with correct treatment
d. Polarity diagnosis and treatment
1. Polarity agents produce tiny electrical effects which can alter
the body’s structure and electrical/magnetic fields
2. Agent Positive Negative
Tonifies Sedates
Magnet north south
Metals copper zinc
gold silver
Digits thumb little finger

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3. Summarized these effects as the “X-signal system”

a. Method by which acupuncture and moxibustion works
b. Explains:
1. Channel theory
2. Unidirectionality of channel flow
3. The closed circuits of channel flow
4. Yin-yang theory and its relationship to body
structure
5. The extraordinary channel vessels and the
octahedral theory
6. The five-phase theory
7. Five phase engendering and restraining
c. X-signal can change patterns of tension and pain
d. Called this “Topological Principles and Properties”
e. Some of his discoveries and confirmations

1. Meridians flow in the direction indicated in the classical texts
a. Qi follows the primary circuit sequence
b. Complete cycles are completed about every 45
minutes, or 50 times per day
c. Every two hours, there is a concentration in each
meridian, in sequence
2. Confirmed classical indications of 5 phase points:
a. Five phase correspondence to other channels
b. Tonification, sedation, xi-cleft and luo-connecting
points indeed have those functions
c. Called them “isophasal”
1. Basically means that all point on a channel affect
the element/phase of the channel
2. Multiple points of a channel can be used
together, like a musical chord
a. There exists a polarity between
tonification and sedation points
b. Like to combine both tonification point
with sedation point, and IPC

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c. EG, would move energy from LI 2

(sedation) to LI 11 (tonification) to
reduce excess in the channel
3. Confirmed 8 Extraordinary confluent/control points and master-
coupled points
a. They also respond to positive-negative manipulation
f. Jing Luo Theory – channel systems

1. Jing mai – the primary channels
a. Run vertically
b. Connect to internal organs
c. Go externally to limbs and joints
2. Luo mai
a. Connect horizontally
b. Interconnect the organ-channel system
c. Interconnect paired channels
3. Qi jing mai (8 extraordinary vessels)
a. Regulate the channel systems
4. Jing jin (channel sinews)
a. Connect with body’s musculature
5. Jing bie (channel divergences)
a. Branching and leading back to channels
g. Developed 8 Extraordinary Channel approach as a stand-alone therapy

1. Elucidated embryological role of 8 Extra channels
a. Felt that 8 Extra channels allowed energy to move and
develop in fetus
b. They provide an acupuncture network for the
developing embryo
2. Proposed octahedral structure to body

a. 8 Extraordinary as underlying system for structure

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3. The octahedron
a. Ren mai Divides anterior right and left
b. Du mai Divides posterior right and left
c. Dai mai Divides superior-inferior
d. TW Divides upper, anterior-posterior yang
e. GB Divides lower, anterior-posterior yang
f. PC Divides upper, anterior-posterior yin
g. SP Divides lower, anterior-posterior yin
From Manaka, Chasing the Dragon’s Tail, p. 81

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Alternative octahedral m odel
From Montakab, Acupuncture Point and Channel Energetics
h. Developed 8 Extraordinary Channel approach as a stand-alone therapy

1. Structural problems are best treated by the 8 Extra channels
and points
a. The traditional pairings affect octahedron
1. Yin:
a. Lu 7 – KI 6 / Ren - Yinqiao
b. PC 6 – SP 4 / Yinwei – Chong
2. Yang:
a. SI 3 – BL 62 / Du - Yangqiao
b. TW 5 – GB 41 / Yangwei – Dai
b. The following pairs are the most important for
organizing the octahedron:
1. TW 5 – GB 41
2. PC 6 – SP 4

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2. Expanded 8 Extraordinary pairs to include all 6 level pairs

a. Now 8 pairs, not 4
1. Now would include LV, LI, ST and HT
b. Proposed 4 new master points for additional channels
1. LV 4, LI 5, ST 40, HT 5
c. See material on Miki Shima, below
3. Manaka on 8 Extraordinary
a. 8 extraordinary have older embryological and
evolutionary roots than the primary channels
1. They regulate the body at a more primitive level
of symmetric-asymmetric
b. They have a much broader regulatory effect on the
movement of qi (primitive signals) than primary
channels
1. Primary channels, by comparison, serve as
specific information pathways (signal
communication)
2. Coupling yin-yang primary channels, however,
can elicit broad changes to qi flow in the
octahedral, similar to 8 Extra
c. 8 Extra offer background “ocean of yang” and ocean of
yin” to replenish the primary channels
1. Primary channels often described as streams or
rivers
2. Manaka does not mention the classical concept
of 8 Extras as conduit or reservoir of yuan-jing
d. Unlike primary channels, the 8 Extra network does not
comprise a circuit
1. Does not distribute energies (qi, blood, ying and
wei) like the primary channels
e. “Easier and more useful to consider the eight
extraordinary vessels as dividing lines capable of
affecting structural changes as related to the
octahedral topological model”

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From Manaka, Chasing the Dragon’s Tail, p. 86
From Montakab, Acupuncture Point and Channel Energetics, p. 423

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i. Manaka’s Abdominal Palpation

1. Main diagnosis – no pulse or tongue
2. Pressure or pain points
3. Tight-knotted areas
4. Soft-weak
5. See HANDOUT ADDENDUM, p. 26
j. Manaka’s Tai Ji Treatment

1. Treats all 12 meridians
a. Treatment is same on both sides
b. Uses 4 pairs IPC on each side
c. Reinforces bio-clock meridian circulation
2. Applications
a. Fatigue, nervousness, stress
b. Whiplash, knee or hip pain
c. Hypertension
3. Diagnosis
a. Pain/pressure on at least 2 of the following:
1. KI 16, LV 13, SP 15
4. Treatment
a. TW 8 (+), SP 6 (-)
1. TW 8 is 3 arm yang meeting point
2. Sp 6 is 3 leg yin meeting point
b. GB 35 (+), Manaka Pt (-)
1. GB 35 is 3 leg yang meeting point
2. Manaka pt is 3 arm yin meeting point
a. Halfway between PC 7 and PC 3
5. Good to do when no time for AcuGraph diagnosis
6. Good to do as meridian balance when treating back side

27
4. Japanese Topological Society

a. Developed around Dr. Manaka’s ideas
1. Included Tadashi Irie, Kodo Seki, Shigeji Naomoto
b. Expanded therapeutic approaches
1. Ion pumping cords
2. Pellets, magnets
3. Naomoto’s Hibiki-7 auriculotherapy
c. Expanded understanding of secondary channels
1. Divergent channels seen as deeper level of meridian network,
below primary channels
a. Carries ying qi, and also yuan and jing
b. More acute imbalances will show on primary channels
c. Deeper, more chronic, and less severe symptoms will
show on divergent channels
2. Unilateral treatments can affect imbalance on opposite side
a. Bilateral treatments are also OK
3. Prioritize divergent channels for dealing with pathogenic qi
which has lodged deeper in the body
5. Tadashi Irie (1927-2002)

a. Studied with Yoshio Manaka
b. Became expert on divergent channel treatment
1. Starting with publications in 1979
c. Established head exit points for divergent channels
d. Looked for most unbalanced side of the primary channel divergence
e. Assigned kanpo herbal formulas for various imbalances
f. Major contributions
1. 1990s, promoted O-ring testing, and friction testing
a. Learned O-ring testing from Yoshiaki Omura, MD, 1985
b. Friction testing
1. Rub thumb along index finger
2. Slippery = good
3. Sticky = poor
2. Tested effects of magnets on channels with feedback system
3. Able to map out effects of point treatment on channel
imbalances

28
g. Established the “master points” for each confluence (pair)

1. In codifying these points, Irie defined divergent channel therapy
2. The confluences and their master point
a. First confluence (BL-KI): Bl 1 or Bl 11
b. Second confluence (GB-LV): GB 1
c. Third confluence (ST-SP): ST 1
d. Fourth confluence (SI-HT): BL 1
e. Fifth confluence (TB-PC): GB 12
f. Sixth confluence (LI-LU): ST 12
3. These confluences correspond to lateral-medial on hands and
feet
h. Recommended coupling master point with points on extremities
1. Diagnosis (not Akabane)
a. Chose points based on pressure reactivity or O-ring
testing
2. Treatment: Used 1-2 hz micro-stim
i. Protocol identified three levels for treatment
1. Primary divergent pair imbalance
2. Secondary divergent pair imbalance
3. Symptomatic treatment
j. Created Kidney Return protocol
1. Use for kidney (adrenal) deficiency
2. BL 40 (-); BL 23 (+), BL 11 (+)
6. Kodo Seki
a. Originally trained as thoracic surgeon
b. Seki and Irie influenced and borrowed from each other
1. Followed Irie’s diagnostic methods
a. Added in abdominal palpation
c. Author
1. Modern Electro-Acupuncture Therapeutics, 1982
2. Outlined divergent channel treatments
d. Recommended yuan-source points as extremity distal point
1. Reflected belief that yuan-jing played a role in divergent
channel therapy

29
e. Relied on polarized electro-stim to achieve therapeutic effect

1. He would combine electro-stim to affected points, but also IPC
(ion pumping cords) between master and coupled points
f. Prioritized yin channels that were deficient, and yang channels that
were excess
g. Recommend using GV 20 or CV 22 in all treatments
1. GV 20 as the intersecting point of all yang channels
a. Used as negative pole (draining)
2. CV 22 as the intersecting point of all yin channels
a. Used as positive pole (tonifying)
h. Included 8 extraordinary channels master points as possible treatment
points
1. If chosen channel pairs are also 8 Extra channels pairs, he will
use 8 Extra channels master points
2. Seki stopped using face and neck points altogether
a. He would connect extremity points to either CV 22 or
GV 20
1. Yin channel yuan-source points to GV 20
2. Yang channel yuan-source points to CV 22
b. Polarity
1. 1st to 3rd confluences: (+) on yuan-source point
2. 4th to 6th confluences: (+) on CV 22 or GV 20
3. The By-pass treatment
a. Later on, Seki would run an IPC from GV 20 to CV 22,
polarity to be determined by O-ring testing
1. Usually GV 20 (-) and CV 22 (+)
b. Or, he would use 2 IPC to these points, each pair in the
opposite direction
c. Miki Shima would often us this combination to deal with
GV excess and CV deficiency
i. Applied his protocol mostly to musculoskeletal disorders
j. His protocol opened up new ways of influencing and connecting various
channels using few needles
1. Allows connections between divergent channels, primary
channels, and extraordinary channels

30
7. Kazuto Miyawaki
a. Developed a meridian balance method utilizing 8 Extra
b. Established new 8 Extra pairs:
1. ST 42 - LI 4
2. Ht 5 – Liv 3
8. Shigei Naomoto (d. 1987)

a. An engineer who built many of Manaka’s electrical acupuncture
machines
b. Put much of Manaka’s thoughts and research into coherent articles
c. Diagnostic contributions
1. Use of facial diagnosis
2. Application of 5 traditional sounds to channel divergent pairs
a. Using tuning fork
3. Carotid-wrist pulse comparison diagnosis
a. Using jin gei pulses, Ling Shu, Chapter 48
b. Influenced Nakasone acupuncture, New Mexico
4. Abdominal palpation
5. O-ring testing
6. Range of motion testing before and after treatment
7. Electric measurement of each yin channel for comparison
d. Treatment strategies
1. Midday-Midnight needling method
a. Looked at polarity of confluence pair and it’s opposing
channel on the Chinese clock
b. Prioritized the yin channels
c. EG, if BL-KI is chosen, a needle is placed in one of those
channels, and also LI channel opposite side, which is
the opposite of Kidney on the Chinese clock
d. IPC polarity follows Irie’s approach
1. First 3 confluences, channel divergences are (-);
opposite bio-clock point is (+)
2. Second 3 confluences, channel divergences are
(+); opposite bio-clock point is (-)

31
e. Point selections
1. BL 58 (-) or Ki 10 (-) LI 4 (+)
2. GB 37 (-) or LV 8 (-) SI 4 (+)
3. ST 40 (-) or SP 9 (-) TW 4 (+)
4. SI 6 (+) or HT 3 (+) GB 40 (-)
5. TW 5 (+) or PC 3 (+) ST 42 (-)
6. LI 6 (+) or LU 5 (+) BL 64 (-)
See p. 47 for modified protocol
2. Advocated auricular therapy with treatment
I. SOM ATO-AURICULAR THERAPY (SAT)

1. Protocol by Miki Shima, OMD (1948-)
2. Introduced in 1990
3. Followed work of Topological Society

a. Began studies of Japanese acupuncture literature in 1978
b. Most influenced by Irie
c. Went on to synthesize and simplify their work
d. Encouraged by Irie, went on to apply Akabane technique to divergent
channel therapy
4. Overview
a. Defined three levels:
1. Ectodermal (surface): primary channels
2. Mesodermal (musculoskeletal): 8 Extra
3. Endodermal (internal organs): Divergent channels
5. Techniques

32
a. Promoted key discoveries of Topological Society

1. O-ring testing (Dr. Omura)
2. Use of electro-stim
3. Use of magnets for diagnosis and treatment
4. Use of hinaishin and magrain pellets
5. Use of ion-pumping cords
6. Use of gold and silver needles
b. Use of electro-stim
1. Pantheon 4-C
2. 2 hz to tonify
3. 10 hz mixed for draining
4. For kidney return treatment, uses 1 hz at 5-10 milliamps for 10
minutes
5. Would use micro-stim in cases of entrenched or stubborn qi
stasis
c. In weaker patients, Shima felt electro-stim could aggravate patient’s
complaint
1. Preferred IPC or gold-silver needle combination
a. More gentle
d. 1990, studied auriculotherapy with Terry Oleson
1. Used electro-stim to ear point and distal point, 5 minutes
2. Used Hibiki-7
a. Channel extremity point (-)
b. Ear point (+)
3. No electricity if patient too weak
e. Forced by California law to abandon IPC and magnets, and chose gold
and silver needles instead
f. In 1990, creates Somato-Auricular Therapy (SAT)
6. Features of Shima’s approach

a. Integrated works of teachers before him, including Akabane, Manaka,
Seki, Irie
b. Decided he-sea points were most reliable of the channel points for
divergent channel treatment
1. Used knee and elbow points exclusively as confluence points on
channels

33
a. These are traditional starting points of the divergent

channels in the classics
2. This is where qi dives deeper into the body
3. They will influence zang-fu most directly
4. Originally used yuan-source points
a. These can still be used if he-sea point inconvenient
c. Combined with Irie’s head points
d. Elaborated Yoshio Manaka and Kazuto Miyawaki’s additional 8 Extra
points
1. Confirmed addition of following pairs
a. ST 40 - LI 5
b. SP 4 - LU 7
c. KI 6 - HT 5
d. LV 4 - PC 6
2. This allows 8 Extra channels to include all Six Level channels:

a. Felt this is more inclusive and representative of the
octahedron model
b. Original 8 Extra Pairs
KI 6 - LU 7
SP 4 - PC 6
BL 62 - SI 3 Taiyang
GB 41 - TE 5 Shaoyang
b. Additional Pairs
ST 40 - LI 5 Yangming
SP 4 - LU 7 Taiyin
KI 6 - HT 5 Shaoyin
LV 4 - PC 6 Jueyin
e. Other points, according to Shima
1. Yuan-source points mainly affect original qi of the channel
a. Help distribute yuan qi to the channels in the periphery
(extremities)
2. Xi-cleft points mainly reduce excess in the channel as it relate
to the sinew/tendons
a. Best for excess and pain

34
3. 5 phase/wu xing points regulate the primary channels in

relation to each other
f. Relationship of divergent channel treatments to 8 Extra treatments
1. Divergent channels deal with deeper energy
a. Better for constitutional support
b. Better for deeper detoxification
1. Too strong a treatment can cause exacerbation
of symptoms or side-effects
2. 8 Extra and/or sinew treatment would allow body to handle
divergent channel treatment without side-effect
a. That’s why he treated the 8 Extras first
g. Testing suitability of points
1. Shima used magnets on points to see if pulse or abdomen
would change for the better, before using needles
a. North pole on (-) point
b. South pole of (+) point
2. He did not use magnets for treatment, only diagnosis
h. Studied auriculotherapy extensively with Terry Oleson, Ph.D.
1. Made auriculotherapy a major part of this treatment
a. Preferred Nogier points to TCM auricular points
b. Used to reinforce 3 level treatment
c. Used to address major complaint of patient (branch)
d. Used Nogier’s carotid VAS for confirmation
i. Shima routinely gave all patients kanpo herbal formulas based on
abdominal palpation
7. Shima’s point choices

a. First confluence: Bl 40 & KI 1 (-) / Bl 1 or Bl 11 (+)
b. Second confluence: GB 34 & Liv 8 (-) / GB 1 (+)
c. Third confluence: St 36 & Sp 9 (-) / ST 1 (+)
d. Fourth confluence: SI 8 & Ht 3 (+) / BL 1 (-)
e. Fifth confluence: TB 10 & PC 3 (+) / GB 12 (-)
f. Sixth confluence: LI 11 & Lu 5 (+) / ST 12 (-)

35
8. Immune enhancement treatment (Sawada and Shima)

a. Moxa (or laser) to following:
1. Back: BL 11, BL 13, BL 17, BL 20, BL 23, GV 4
2. Front: SP 6, ST 36, GB 34, LI 4, CV 4, CV 12
9. Shima’s Treatment Sequence
See HANDOUT ADDENDUM, Miki Shima’s SAT Protocol, p. 30
PART 2 THE 3-LEVEL PROTOCOL
A. ACUGRAPH DIAGNOSIS
1. Acugraph includes a divergent channel interpretation and point
recommendation in their computerized analysis
a. See: www.miridiatech.com
2. Method
a. Choose yuan-source point diagnosis (not jing-well)
b. Find point correctly
1. Deepest part of hole
2. Find direction of hole
c. Verify readings
1. Any pair that is more than 15 points apart, measure both
again to be sure of readings
3. Point prescription
a. Use Divergence icon, lower left
1. In lower right, use “Add these points to today’s plan”
b. Upper group of points lists 8 Extra treatment
c. Middle group of points lists divergent treatment
d. Lower group of points list shu treatment
e. For your notes:
1. Write down PIE, Ratio, Energy Stability
2. Map our Left and Right treatment on a 4 section grid
4. Efficacy
a. The complete correction will take 24 hours
b. Effects last about a week
c. Many people benefit once a month

36
d. Compare readings with previous readings

1. If there are consistent patterns, this indicates a constant
deep-seated pattern
5. AcuGraph technique
a. Acugraph must be done well (accurately)
b. Find point with finger before applying probe
1. Find hole and angle
2. Adjust pressure
3. Change position/location if necessary
c. Measurement line should achieve flat, not spiked

1. Reading should be a sustained flat line
d. Right and left should be within 12 points of each other
1. Re-test each side not
e. Reading sometimes defaults to “256”
1. Try to get normal reading
a. If not, enter “174”
2. Right side - left side are typically within 12 points of each

other
a. If not, recheck one or both sides
b. Is electro-diagnosis (the strength of qi) equal to Akabane heat
diagnosis, which tests the yang/coldness of the channel?
c. Why doesn’t the reading change after treatment?
d. Why do the PIE scores remain low?
6. Sequence of Treatment
a. Abdomen and Head
b. Primary Channel Balance
c. 8 Extraordinary Channel Balance
d. Divergent Channel Treatment
e. Mop-Up Treatment
1. Dr. Tan 5-System Balance Method
2. Luo-Yuan Relationship
3. Primary channel
f. Auriculotherapy

37
g. Back Treatment
B. ABDOMEN AND HEAD

1. Abdomen
a. Abdominal palpation, shiatsu, teishin
b. Needles to CV 12, CV 5 area
c. Check: CV 17, SP 15, ST 25, ST 27
d. Check for ICV (ileocecal valve) at SP 13
e. Check for hiatal hernia at CV 15
2. Connect GV 20 (-) to CV 22 (+) with IPC
C. BASIC 3-LEVEL PROTOCOL

1. PRIMARY CHANNEL TREATMENT
a. Use teishin metal devices to remove excess and support deficiency on
primary channels
1. Clears the skin level
2. Use teishin devices to remove kori
b. Reinforce meridian tonification points in the ear (Auriculo 3D)
c. May reinforce with tonification/sedation with needles
d. On mop-up, can use various balance methods (eg Dr. Tan) to balance
primaries
2. 8 EXTRAORDINARY CHANNEL TREATMENT

a. Follow suggestions from Divergent menu, AcuGraph
b. Use ion pumping cords (IPC)
3. DIVERGENT CHANNEL TREATMENT

a. Follow suggestions from Divergent menu, AcuGraph
b. Use ion pumping cords (IPC)
c. Divergent treatment balances both channels in their confluence
1. Use “By Element” menu
d. Considerations
1. Yin-Yang (6 level) partners go along parts of body: lateral,
central, medial
2. Become one unit rather than two

38
a. A divergent treatment regulates the partner channel

b. Eg, LI 11 – ST 12 also regulates LU
c. Eg, TW 10 – GB 12 also regulates PC
D. MOP-UP TREATMENT
1. Go back, organize the graphic by using “Yin-Yang” or “Baseline” menu.
a. See which channels are significantly deficient, and which channels are
significantly excess.
b. Are they included in the 8 Extra and Divergent treatment that you
have performed?
1. Even if they are addressed on one side only, this will work for
both sides
2. Partner divergent channel may not show on your treatment,
but may be included due to its partnership
c. If possible, apply muscle-testing O-ring to see if channel needs
treatment
2. Decide which method to bring those other channels into balance
3. For isolated channels:
a. Apply tonification or sedation to isolated channels (“Baseline” menu)
b. For deficient channel, prioritize Keriaku Chiryo pattern (sho) on “Yin-
Yang” menu
1. Tonify primary deficient channel on tonification point
c. For excess channel in isolation, treat sedation point
4. For excess and deficient channels:
a. The purpose is to move excess from the excess channel to the
deficient channel
1. Use luo-connecting point of excess channel, and yuan-source
point of deficient channel
b. Use Dr. Tan chart to link deficient and excess channels
1. Five Phase partner (“By Element” menu, Tan #3)
a. Use luo-connecting point of excess channel, and yuan-

source point of deficient channel
b. But make sure that “missed” channel is not covered
within the Divergent treatment
2. Energy cycle / Bioclock (“Energy Cycle” menu, Tan #5)
3. Midday-Midnight (“Horary” menu, Tan #4)

39
4. 6 Level Hand-Foot (Tan #1)
5. 6-Level Yin-Yang Pair (Tan #2)
5. Is the right side-left side balance resolved? (The BL-Shu imbalance)
a. You can use yuan-source point on weak side (face-up), or weak BL-
shu point on the back
6. Other
a. “Belt Block”
1. On “Baseline” menu
2. Treat with SOT blocks
3. GB 41 and TW 5
4. If using IPC, confirm direction with muscle testing
7. Alternative Treatments
a. Manaka Taiji Treatment. Each side:
1. TW 8 (+) (4 cun from wrist) - SP 6 (-)
2. GB 35 (+) (7 cun from mal.) - Manaka pt (-)
(halfway PC 7 and PC 3)
b. Manaka 8 Extra Channel Treatment

1. Yin arm to opposite yin leg with IPC: PC 6 – SP 4; LU 7 – KI 6
2. Yang arm to opposite yang leg with IPC: TW 5 – GB 41; SI 3 –
BL 62
3. If using IPC, muscle test direction
c. Immune Enhancement Treatment (Sawada And Shima)

Moxa (or laser) to following:
1. Back: BL 11, BL 13, BL 17, BL 20, BL 23, GV 4
2. Front: SP 6, ST 36, GB 34, LI 4, RN 4, RN 12

40
E. 5-SYSTEM TAI JI BALANCE M ETHOD

Main Proponents:
a. Master T’ung: Tung Ching-Chang (Dǒng, Jǐng-Chāng, 董景昌)
b. Wei-Chieh Young (Yáng, Wéi-Jié. 楊維傑, 杨维杰)
c. Richard Tan
1. System #1. SIX LEVEL HAND-FOOT Do on opposite side.

Taiyin LU - SP Yangming LI - ST
Taiyang SI - UB Shaoyin HT - KI
Jueyin PC - LIV Shaoyang TB - GB
2. System #2. SIX LEVEL YIN-YANG PAIR Do on either side.

Taiyin - Taiyang LU - UB SP - SI
Jueyin - Yangming LIV - LI PC - ST
Shaoyin - Shaoyang HT - GB KI - TB
3. System #3. 5-PHASE PARTNER (EXT-INT) Do on opposite side.

HT - SI LU - LI
PC - TB KI - UB
SP - ST LIV - GB
4. System #4. CHINESE CLOCK - OPPOSITE Do on either side.

HT - GB KI - LI
LIV - SI PC - ST
LU - UB SP - TB
5. System #5. CHINESE CLOCK - NEIGHBOR Do on opposite side.

SP - HT TB - GB
SI - UB LIV - LU
KI - PC LI - ST

41
5-SYSTEM TAI JI BALANCE METHOD

Based on Dr. Richard Tan
ARM #1 #2 #3 #4 #5
LU SP UB LI UB LIV
PC LIV ST TB ST KI
HT KI GB SI GB SP
LI ST LIV LU KI ST
TB GB KI PC SP GB
SI UB SP HT LIV UB
FOOT
SP LU SI ST TB HT
LIV PC LI GB SI LU
KI HT TB UB LI PC
ST LI PC SP PC LI
GB TB HT LIV HT TB
UB SI LU KI LU SI
Opposite Either Opposite Either Opposite
#1 6 Level Hand-Foot #4 Chinese Clock - Opposite

#2 6 Level Yin-Yang Pair #5 Chinese Clock – Neighbor
#3 5-Phase Partner (Ext-Int)

42
F. SHIGEI NAOM OTO: M IDDAY-MIDNIGHT NEEDLING METHOD

Yang: luo / yin: he-sea Yuan-source (opposite or same side)
1. BL 58 (-) LU 9 (+)
KI 10 (-) LI 4 (+)
2. GB 37 (-) HT 7 (+)
LV 8 (-) SI 4 (+)
3. ST 40 (-) PC 7 (+)
SP 9 (-) TW 4 (+)
4. SI 7 (+) LV 3 (-)
HT 3 (+) GB 40 (-)
5. TW 5 (+) SP 3 (-)
PC 3 (+) ST 42 (-)
6. LI 6 (+) KI 3 (-)
LU 5 (+) BL 64 (-)
G. AURICULOTHERAPY
1. Support channel deficiencies with AcuGraph ear suggestions (“Ear” icon)
2. Treat branch complaint with Auriculo 3D
3. Use laser, stim-plus, pointer plus, magrain seeds, or .12 needle
H. BACK TREATM ENT

1. Structural Holding points (kori)
a. Occiput: GB 20
b. Trapezius: TW 15
c. Scapula: SI 11 and SI 14
d. Waist: Bl 52, GB 26
e. Iliac crest: Yanagiya point
f. Hips: GB 30, Femur point
g. Knees: GB 34 or BL 40
2. Spine
a. Right left Shu imbalance
1. Use third group of points in Divergent Menus, AcuGraph
b. Spine shu points based on Acugraph spine icon
1. Use Hua Tuo or Japanese Hua Tuo points for spinal blockage

43
c. Spine shu points based on palpation

d. 3 GV points based on palpation or muscle-testing
3. Outer shu points

a. Emotional imbalances (by palpation):
LU [BL 13 T3] BL 42 Grief
HT [BL 14 T4] BL 43 Sadness
[BL 15 T5] BL 44 Sadness
LIV [BL 18 T9] BL 47 Anger
SP [BL 20 T11] BL 49 Obsessiveness
KI [BL 23 L2] BL 52 Fear
4. Back side 8 Extra Treatment

5. Yang: Arm – Opposite Leg: Yin: Arm – Opposite Leg:
SJ 5 - SI 3 (SI 4) Lu 7 - PC 6
GB 41 - BL 62 Ki 6 - Sp 4
6. Back side Manaka Taiji Balance (with IPC)
TW 8 (+) (4 cun from wrist) - SP 6 (-)
GB 35 (+) (7 cun from mal.) - Manaka pt (-) (halfway PC 7 and PC 3)
6. Immune Enhancement Treatment (Sawada And Shima)

a. Moxa (or laser) to following:
b. Back: BL 11, BL 13, BL 17, BL 20, BL 23, GV 4
c. Front: SP 6, ST 36, GB 34, LI 4, RN 4, RN 12
I. CONSIDERATIONS
1. Use of Muscle testing
a. Use to look for additional point treatment
b. Use to check other problems
2. Use of laser stimulation

a. Instead of moxibustion, or instead of needles
1. Eg, on face points
2. Very good with children
b. Settings
1. Tonification: Nogier B

44
2. Sedation: Nogier A
3. General: Bahr B5
4. Ear: Nogier by region
3. Needle considerations
a. Use thin needles with superficial insertion
b. If attaching ion pumping cords, make sure needle is in deep enough
c. For face points, use green needles only (.12)
d. Use a method to enhance tonification and sedation
1. Tonification: clockwise intention, qi gong extension
2. Sedation: counter-clockwise intention, qi gong withdrawing
4. Ion Pumping Cord (IPC) Considerations

a. If attaching ion pumping cords, make sure needle is in deep enough
b. For face points, use paper tape to secure IPC
1. GB 2
2. ST 2
3. BL 2
c. Check patient to make sure IPC did not pull needle out
5. Point considerations
a. Bleeding
1. ST 1 (use ST 2)
2. BL 1 (use BL 2)
3. SI 3 (use SI 4)
b. Painful
1. PC 6 – pinch skin
2. SP 4
3. HT 8, PC 8
4. KI 1
c. Difficult Divergent channel points (due to position)
1. BL 40: use BL 64 or Bl 58
2. SI 8: Use SI 4
3. BL 1: use BL 2 or yintang
4. ST 1: use ST 2 with magrain pellet

45
J. CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS
1. Unilateral treatment can treat both sides
2. IPC best way to move excess to deficiency
3. Can use hands/mind/qi gong to moce excess to deficiency
4. 8 Extra and Divergent act as a yin-yang balance
a. 8 Extra = the structure (yang)
b. Divergent = the deeper pathways (yin)
c. Together, offer a balanced treatment
5. Manaka proposed 8 balances
a. Upper-lower 8 Extra
b. Inner-outer Divergent
c. Right-left Shu points, /Yuan points

d. Back-Front Shu-Mu/ Du-Ren
5. Observations concerning Shima’s new 8 Extra pairs

ORIGINAL PAIRS
a. KI 6 - LU 7 Yin Qiao - Ren
b. SP 4 - PC 6 Chong - Yin Wei
c. BL 62 - SI 3 Taiyang Yang Qiao - Du Mai
d. GB 41 - TE 5 Shaoyang Dai - Yang Wei
NEW PAIRS: Dr. Shima expanded 8 X Pairs to include all 6 levels

e. ST 40 - LI 5 Yangming
f. SP 4 - LU 7 Taiyin
g. KI 6 - HT 5 Shaoyin
h. LV 4 - PC 6 Jueyin
6. Other Important Point Groups

a. XI CLEFT POINTS
Yang Qiao Bl 59
Yang Wei GB 35
Yin Qiao KI 9
Yin Wei KI 8
b. 3 CHANNEL MEETING POINTS

46
GB 35 3 leg yang
SP 6 3 leg yin
TW 8 3 arm yang
PC 5 3 arm yin
c. MUSCLE MERIDIAN MEETING POINTS

ST 3 3 Leg Yang Yangqiao and ST
GB 13 3 Arm Yang Yangqiao and GB
CV 3 3 Leg Yin RN, LV, SP, KI
GB 22 3 arm Yin
7. MANAKA’S MU POINTS
a. LU LU 1 to LU 2
b. LI ST 27 (+ slightly lateral)
c. ST CV 12 to ST 21
d. SP SP 21 to GB 26
e. HT CV 14 + KI 23
f. SI ST 26 (+ slightly medial)
g. BL KI 11
h. KI KI 16
i. PC CV 17 + PC 1
j. TW ST 25 (+ slightly lateral)
k. GB GB 24 +/to GB 29 ASIS
l. LV LV 14, esp right subcos
See HANDOUT ADDENDUM, p. 28

47
8. SHIGEI NAOMOTO: MIDDAY-MIDNIGHT NEEDLING METHOD
Yang: luo / yin: he-sea Yuan-source (opposite or same side)

7. BL 58 (-) LU 9 (+)
KI 10 (-) LI 4 (+)
8. GB 37 (-) HT 7 (+)
LV 8 (-) SI 4 (+)
9. ST 40 (-) PC 7 (+)
SP 9 (-) TW 4 (+)
10. SI 7 (+) LV 3 (-)
HT 3 (+) GB 40 (-)
11. TW 5 (+) SP 3 (-)
PC 3 (+) ST 42 (-)
12. LI 6 (+) KI 3 (-)
LU 5 (+) BL 64 (-)

48
QI GONG EXERCISES
1. SIX GATE DANTIAN CONDENSING BREATHING.

Inhale from 6 gates to dantian: feet (yongquan, Ki 1), hands (laogong, PC 8),
crown point (baihui, Du 20) and perineum huiyin, REN 1). Contract lower abdomen and
pull up anal sphincter. Pull hands towards chest, palms out.
Exhale from dantian to 6 gates. Relax lower abdomen and anal sphincter,
allowing energy to move back to hands and feet. Push hands away from chest, palms
out.
2. EIGHT EXTRAORDINARY QI GONG

Inside sphere yinwei – yangwei PC 6 / TW 5
Outside sphere yinqiao – yangqiao KI 6 / BL 62
Back and Font du mai – ren mai SI 3 / LU 7
Center chong mai SP 4
Belt dai mai GB 41
3. MACROCOSMIC ORBIT: FOUR LIMB QI GONG .

a) Inhale through bottom of feet, inside of legs, to sternum (chest)
b) Exhale from sternum down inside of arms to palms
c) Inhale fingers, outside of arm, shoulders, back and sides of neck to top of head
d) Exhale top of head, back and sides of back, hips, legs and out feet into ground
4. PRIMARY CHANNEL QI GONG (Meridian Sequence Qi Gong)

Start: Inhale Dantian to LU 1
Exhale to Inhale to
Metal LU LU 11 LI LI 20
Earth ST ST 45 SP SP 21
Fire HT HT 9 SI SI 19
Water BL BL 67 KI KI 27
Min-Fire PC PC 9 TW TW 23
Wood GB GB 44 LV LV 14
LU (repeat)

49
5. DIVERGENCE CHANNEL QI GONG

Inhale Exhale
Confl. 1 (Water): KI - BL KI 10, Bl 1, Du 20 BL 1, BL 40
Confl. 2 (Wood): LV - GB LV 8, GB 1, Du 20 GB 1, GB 34
Confl. 3 (Earth): SP - ST SP 9, ST 1, Du 20 ST 1, ST 36
Confl. 4 (Fire): SI - HT SI 8, Bl 1, Du 20 BL 1, BL 40
Confl. 5 (Min-Fire): TW - PC TW 10, GB 12, Du 20 GB 12, PC 3
Confl. 6 (Metal): LI - LU LI 11, ST 12, Du 20 ST 12, LU 5
6. SIX LEVEL QI GONG

Inhale to Exhale
Taiyang SI SI 19 BL 1 Fire/Water `
Shaoyang TW TW 23 GB 1 Min-Fire/Wood
Yangming LI LI 20 ST 1 Metal/Earth
Taiyin SP SP 21 LU 1 Earth/Metal
Shaoyin KI KI 27 HT 1 Water/Fire
Jueyin LV LV 14 PC 1 Wood/Min-Fire
Fire/Water Taiyang / Shaoyin SI-BL / HT-KI

Min-Fire/Wood Shaoyang / Jueyin TW-GB / PC-LV
Metal/Earth Yangming / Taiyin LI-ST / LU-SP

50
RECOMMENDED TEXTS
1. TEXTS ABOUT KERIAKU CHIRYO , JAPANESE MERIDIAN THERAPY

Japanese Classical Acupuncture: Introduction to Meridian Therapy,
Shudo Denmei & Stephen Brown, Eastland Press, 1990
Meridian Therapy , Fukushima Koda, The Toyo Hari Medical Association, 1991
The Practice of Japanese Acupuncture and Moxibustion: Classical

Principles in Action , Ikeda Masakazu, Edward Obaidey, Eastland Press, 2005
Traditional Japanese Acupuncture: Fundamentals of Meridian Therapy ,

Society of Traditional Japanese Medicine, Koei Kuwahara, editor; Complimentary
Medicine Press, 2003
2. TEXTS ABOUT PRIMARY AND SECONDARY CHANNEL TREATMENT

Acupuncture Point and Channel Energetics , Hamid Montakab, Keiner, 2014
Applied Channel Theory in Chinese Medicine, Wang Ju-Yi, Jason

Robertson, Eastland Press, 2008
The Channel Divergences, Deeper Pathways of the Web, Miki Shima and
Charles Chace, 2001, Blue Poppy Press
Chasing The Dragon’s Tail , Yoshio Manaka, MD with Kazuko Itayab and
Stephen Birch, Paradigm Publications, 1995, 2008, 2014
The Divergence Channels , David Twicken, Singing Dragon, 2014
Eight Extraordinary Channels , David Twicken, Singing Dragon, 2013
An Exposition of the Eight Extraordinary Vessels , Charles Chace and Miki

Shima, 2010, Eastland Press

51
Hara Diagnosis: Reflections on the Sea, Kiiko Matsumoto & Stephen Birch,
Paradigm Publications, 1988
Secondary Channels and Collaterals , Wang Qi-Cai, People’s Medical

Publishing House, 2006
3. TEXTS ABOUT JAPANESE TECHNIQUES OF ACUPUNCTURE

Acupuncture Core Therapy , Shoji Kobayashi, translated by Dan Kenner,
Paradigm Publications, 2008
Finding Effective Acupuncture Points , Shudo Denmei, translated Stephen

Brown, Eastland Press, 2002
Japanese Acupuncture: A Clinical Guide ,

Stephen Birch & Junko Ida, Paradigm Press, 1999
The Practice of Japanese Acupuncture and Moxibustion , Ikeda Masakazu,

translated by Edward Obaidey, Eastland Press, 1996
Sports Acupuncture: The Meridian Test and its Applications , Yoshito

Mukaino, MD, Eastland Press, 2008
North American Journal Of Oriental Medicine , Vancouver, BC; Three issues

per year 408 West 38th Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Y 2N6
4. TEXTS ABOUT HISTORY OF OF ACUPUNCTURE IN THE W EST

In the Footsteps of the Yellow Emperor, Tracing the History of
Traditional Acupuncture, Peter Eckman, MD, Long River Press, 2007
5. TEXTS ABOUT LASER ACUPUNCTURE

Laser Acupuncture,
RJ Laser Therapy Reference Book, Reimers et Janssen GmbH, Fabrikstr. 22,

79183 Waldrich, Germany, 2012

52
RESOURCES
O-RING MUSCLE TESTING, See:

www.drjakefratkin.com/muscle-testing-meridian-therapy
ACUGRAPH
ww.miridiatech.com
208-846-8448
ACUPUNCTURE NEEDLES
.12 x 15 Serin J-15 lhasaoms.com or gfcherbs.com

.12 x 30 Serin lhasaoms.com or gfcherbs.com
.16 x 30 DBC Spring Ten lhasaoms.com or BuyAcupuncture.com
.16 x 40 HBW Silver Star, S Type BuyAcupuncture.com
.22 x 50 HBW Silver Star, S ype BuyAcupuncture.com
.22 x 75 Vinco Heliomed.com
Recommended items found at Lhasaoms.com:
Manaka ion pumping cords (2 pcs) $ 25.00

Ion tester 20.00
Choki Shoini-Shin 7.43
Micropore tape, 0.5 in 1.30
Micropore tape, 1.0 in 2.60
Needles:
.12 x 15 Serin J-15 Lhasaoms.com
.12 x 30 Serin Lhasaoms.com
.16 x 30 DBC Spring 10 Lhasaoms.com
.16 x 40 Lhasaoms.com

53
Other needle suppliers:

.16 x 30 DBC Spring Ten BuyAcupuncture.com
.16 x 40 HBW Silver Star, S type BuyAcupuncture.com
.22 x 50 HBW Silver Star, S type BuyAcupuncture.com
.22 x 75 Vinco Heliomed.com

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THE THREE-LEVEL ACUPUNCTURE BALANCE

Integrating Japanese Acupuncture

Jake Paul Fratkin, OMD, L.c.

PART 1 ANTECEDENTS TO 3-LEVEL PROTOCOL

A. Overview and Introduction p. 2

PART 2 THE 3-LEVEL PROTOCOL

PART 1 ANTECEDENTS TO 3-LEVEL PROTOCOL

A. OVERVIEW AND INTRODUCTION

2. Three-Level Meridian Balancing is a modern approach

Jake Paul Fratkin, OMD, L.Ac. • drjakefratkin.com

3. Seeks to achieve a total meridian balance

4. Meridian systems (TCM approach)

5. The 3-Level Protocol (Japanese approach)

Jake Paul Fratkin, OMD, L.Ac. • drjakefratkin.com

3. Addresses primary channel imbalances after the 8 Extra and

6. Our approach relies on Acugraph computer diagnosis

7. 3 Level Balance can be performed with:

Jake Paul Fratkin, OMD, L.Ac. • drjakefratkin.com

B. SCHOOLS OF ACUPUNCTURE PRACTICED IN THE W EST

Jake Paul Fratkin, OMD, L.Ac. • drjakefratkin.com

1. Georges Soulié de Morant (1878-1955); 1940

C. ACUPUNCTURE: GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

Jake Paul Fratkin, OMD, L.Ac. • drjakefratkin.com

COMPARISON OF CHINESE AND JAPANESE NEEDLE TECHNIQUES

Needle Thickness Thick: 0.20 mm (#36) Thin: 0.12 mm (#44)

Point Placement Follows the body’s anatomy Touches the skin to

De Qi The patient feels the The practitioner feels the

Moxibustion Indirect treatment: Direct treatment:

COMPARISON OF NEEDLE SIZES

Japanese # Color Chinese gauge # Thickness (mm)

00 (02) Dk green 44 .12

Jake Paul Fratkin, OMD, L.Ac. • drjakefratkin.com

D. LEVEL ONE: THE PRIMARY CHANNEL BALANCE

3. The Six Levels

Jake Paul Fratkin, OMD, L.Ac. • drjakefratkin.com

E. LEVEL 1: KERIAKU CHIRYO

Jake Paul Fratkin, OMD, L.Ac. • drjakefratkin.com

PRINCIPLES OF MERIDIAN THERAPY

From: TRADITIONAL JAPANESE ACUPUNCTURE: FUNDAMENTALS OF MERIDIAN THERAPY, Society of

1. Affirmation of the existence of meridians

Jake Paul Fratkin, OMD, L.Ac. • drjakefratkin.com

PULSE CLASSIC, Wang Shu-He

LEFT Distal RIGHT

Fire Small Intestine Heart cun Large Intestine Lung Metal

Wood Gallbladder Liver guan Stomach Spleen Earth

Water Bladder Kidney chi Sanjiao Pericardium Fire

(1) Primary (2) Mother (3) Father

Jake Paul Fratkin, OMD, L.Ac. • drjakefratkin.com

CLASSICAL SYNDROMES IN KERIAKU CHIRYO

1. Liver Deficiency Heat Pattern

3. Spleen Deficiency Yangming Channel Excess Heat Pattern

9. Lung Deficiency Yang Meridian Excess Heat Pattern

12. Kidney Deficiency Heat Pattern

14. Heart Heat

Jake Paul Fratkin, OMD, L.Ac. • drjakefratkin.com

F. LEVEL TW O: THE 8 EXTRAORDINARY CHANNELS

3. TCM Understanding of Eight Extraordinary Channels

Jake Paul Fratkin, OMD, L.Ac. • drjakefratkin.com