CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

A. BACKGROUND
The development of information technology increasingly affects human life. As its
development, Indonesian people began to recognize the internet, television, radio and others.
One of them is the Internet which is a form of a blend of the flow of communication with
technological developments. One of the most popular web-based services is social networking
sites. Indonesia has become the second fastest growing country in Asia after Malaysia in
accessing one of the social networks (Facebook). The increase in users of social networks in
Indonesia is due to the more complete internet access facilities carried out by cellular phone
manufacturers and communication service providers. Television is the electronic mass media that
is most in demand by the public and has the most influence on the knowledge, motivation, and
attitudes and behavior of the audience. Regardless of age, gender, position and so on. Compared
to other communication media, television can have a stronger influence compared to radio and
newspapers. This happens because the audio-visual power of television touches the mental
aspects of the viewer.
The pattern of use of social media by adolescents can be influenced by family,
environment, and individual characteristics of adolescents. The family is the first and foremost
environment that gives a lot of influence on various aspects of the child's social development.
Teenagers or children who have a middle to upper economic background can easily access
networks or other social media using mobile phones or internet facilities at home or internet
cafes.
Establishing a close and harmonious relationship with peers is very important in adolescence.
The influence of peers on attitudes, conversations, interests, appearance, and behavior is greater
than the influence of family.
Likewise with social media, one example can be obtained from social networks
obtained by adolescents through peers can affect patterns of use of social networking by
teenagers. The many interesting features in social networking / social media make them tend to
be lazy and addicted ... the situation makes them a lot of time wasted and disrupted activities,
such as school, study, eat, sleep, socialize with the surrounding environment and help parents.
Because the child is too tired of the fun in the network / social media. In addition to negative
impacts, media / social networking also has benefits that can be felt by its users.
B. PROBLEM FORMULATION

1. What is the definition of social media?

2. What are the social media classifications?
3. What are the characteristics of social media?
4. How is social media developing?
5. How is social media growing?
6. What is the function and role of social media itself?
7. What are the various positive and negative impacts of the social media trends for
the younger generation?
8. How to use social media

C. PURPOSE

1. To explain the notion of social media.

2. To explain the classification of social media.
3. To explain the characteristics of social media.
4. To explain the development of social media.
5. To explain the growth of social media.
6. To explain the function and role of social media.
7. To explain the positive and negative impacts of social media trends for the
younger generation.
8. To explain the use of social media.
 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

1. UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL MEDIA

Social media is an online media, with its users can easily participate, share and create content
including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and the virtual world. Blogs, social networks and
wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people throughout the world.
Andreas Kaplan and Michael Haenlein define social media as "an internet-based application
group that builds on the ideology and technology of Web 2.0, and that enables the creation and
exchange of user-generated content".
Social networking is a site where anyone can create a personal web page, then connect with
friends to share information and communicate. The largest social networks include Facebook,
Myspace, and Twitter. If traditional media uses print and broadcast media, then social media
uses the internet. Social media invites anyone who is interested to participate by contributing and
feedback openly, giving comments, and sharing information in a fast and unlimited time.
As internet and mobile phone technology have advanced, social media has grown
rapidly. Now to access Facebook or Twitter for example, it can be done anywhere and anytime
using only a mobile phone. So quickly people can access social media resulting in a big
phenomenon of information flow not only in developed countries, but also in Indonesia. Because
of the speed with which social media has also begun to appear to replace the role of conventional
mass media in spreading the news.
The rapid development of social media is now due to everyone like being able to have
their own media. If to have traditional media such as television, radio or newspapers, it requires a
large amount of capital and a lot of labor, then it is different with the media. A social media user
can access using social media with an internet network even if access is slow, without large
costs, without expensive tools and is done alone without employees. We as social media users
can freely edit, add, modify text, images, videos, graphics, and various other content models.

2. TYPES OF SOCIAL MEDIA

The two most famous and widely used social networking sites today are Facebook and Twitter.
Facebook is a social networking site that is popular right now. Founded by Mark Zuckerberg
with his fellow Harvard University student Eduardo Saverin.
One of the advantages possessed by Facebook and rarely owned by other social networking sites
is the variety of applications that can spoil users, both developed by internal and external parties
Facebook.
Twitter is a type of social networking site that allows users to get relationships by registering
themselves on the site. Twitter was founded by Jack Dorsey in March 2006 and was officially
launched in July 2006. Twitter is a kind of micro-blogging social network - a small blog in terms
of the number of words that can be uploaded (only 140 characters).

The most popular social media used in Indonesia include:

Face book
Twitter
Youtube
Google plus

Blogs also actually enter social media groups. However, because blogs have developed rapidly to
become an alternative in building websites (web development), the blog is rated "higher" than
social media.
As one of the communication media, social media is not only used to share information, but also
self-expression, "self-image" (personal branding), "vent", complaints, and ... online business
(online business) also online marketing (online marketing)!

3. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL MEDIA

Social media has characteristics, i.e.:

 The message delivered is not just for one person but can be many people for example
messages via SMS or the internet
 The message is free, without having to go through a Gatekeeper
 The message conveyed tends to be faster than other media
 Recipient of the message that determines the interaction time

4. DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL MEDIA

The development of Social Media itself is as follows:

1978 Beginning of the invention of the bulletin board system which allows to be able to
connect with others using electronic mail, or uploading and downloading software, all of this is
still done using telephone lines connected to the modem
1995 Birth of the GeoCities site, this site serves Web Hosting, a data storage leasing
service so that the pages of the website can be accessed from anywhere, and the emergence of
GeoCities is a milestone for the establishment of other websites.
1997 The first social networking site, Sixdegree.com, appeared, although in fact in
1995 there was the Classmates.com site which is also a social networking site, but
Sixdegree.com is considered to be more offering a social networking site than Classmates.com
1999 Appears to create a personal blog, namely Blogger. This site offers users to be
able to make their own site pages. so users of Blogger can load anything about anything.
including personal matters or to criticize the government. so that you can say this blogger
became a milestone in the development of a social media.
 2002 The establishment of Friendster, a social networking site which at that time was
booming, and the existence of a social media became phenomenal.
2003 Establishment of LinkedIn, not only useful for social, LinkedIn is also useful for
finding work, so the function of a Social Media is growing.
2003 Establishment of MySpace, MySpace offers ease of use, so myspace is said to be
a user friendly social networking site.
2004 Birth of Facebook, a social networking site that is famous until now, is one of the
social networking sites that has the most members.
2006 The birth of Twitter, a social networking site that is different from the others,
because users from Twitter can only update their status or named this Tweet which is only
limited to 140 characters.
2007 Birth of Wiser, the first social networking site launched to coincide with the
commemoration of Earth Day (April 22) 2007. This site is expected to become an online
directory of environmental organizations throughout the world including environmental
movements both individuals and groups.
2011 The birth of Google+, Google launched its social networking site called
Google+, but at the beginning of the launch. Google+ is only limited to people who have been
invited by Google. After that Google+ is launched in general

5.SOCIAL MEDIA GROWTH

The rapid development of social media is now due to everyone like being able to have
their own media. If to have traditional media such as television, radio or newspapers, it requires a
large amount of capital and a lot of labor, then it is different with the media. A social media user
can access using social media with an internet network even if access is slow, without large
costs, without expensive tools and is done alone without employees. Social media users can
freely edit, add, modify both text, images, videos, graphics, and various other content models.
According to Antony Mayfield of iCrossing, social media is about being human.
Ordinary people who share ideas, work together, and collaborate to create creations, think,
debate, find people who can be good friends, find partners, and build a community. In essence,
using social media makes us as ourselves. In addition to the speed of information that can be
accessed in seconds, being yourself in social media is the reason why social media is growing
rapidly. No exception, the desire for self-actualization and the need to create personal branding.
The development of social media is really rapid, this can be seen from the large number
of members that each social networking site has, following a table of the number of members
from each site quoted from (August E. Grant: 297) on 1 May 2010

6. FUNCTIONS AND ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA

Social media is an effective business promotion tool because it can be accessed by anyone, so the
promotion network can be wider. Social media is an indispensable part of marketing for many
companies and is one of the best ways to reach customers and clients. Social media like blogs,
Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube have a number of benefits for companies and are faster than
conventional media such as print media and TV advertisements, brochures and leaflets.
Social media has advantages compared to conventional media, including:
  Simplicity

In a conventional media production high level skills and superior marketing skills are needed.
While social media is very easy to use, even for people without an IT basis can access it, all they
need is a computer and an internet connection.

 Building Relationships

Social media offers unmatched opportunities to interact with customers and build relationships.
The company gets immediate feedback, ideas, tests and manages customer service quickly. Not
with traditional media that can't do that, traditional media only do one-way communication.

 Global reach

Traditional media can reach globally but of course at very expensive and time-consuming costs.
Through social media, businesses can communicate information in an instant, regardless of
geographical location. Social media also makes it possible to customize your content for each
market segment and provide business opportunities to send messages to more users.

 Measured

With an easy tracking system, sending messages can be measured, so companies can
immediately find out the effectiveness of promotions. Not so with conventional media that
require a long time.
Social Media Function
When we define social media as a communication system, we must define functions
related to communication systems, namely:

 Administration

Organize proof of company employees in relevant and relative social networks where your
current market position is. Establishment of social media policy training, and education for all
employees on the use of social media. Formation of an organizational blog and integration of
content in relevant communities. Market research to find out where your market is.

Listening and Learning

Establish a monitoring system to hear what your market wants, what is relevant to them.

 Thinking and Planning

By looking at stages 1 and 2, how will you stay ahead of the market and how will you
communicate to the market? How social technology increases the operational efficiency of
market relations.
  Measurement

Establishing effective steps is very important to measure whether the methods used, the content
created and the tools you use are effective in improving your market position and relationships.

8. POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA

Social media networks also have positive and negative impacts that greatly affect human life.
First we will start with the negative impact of social media first.

a. Negative impact
1. Addicted to social networking sites like Facebook or MySpace can also endanger health
because it triggers people to isolate themselves. Increased self-isolation can change the way
genes work, confuse immune responses, hormone levels, arterial function, and impair mental
performance.
2. Someone who spends his time in front of the computer will rarely exercise so addicted to this
activity can lead to a weak physical condition, even obesity.
3. Physical damage is also very possible. When using a mouse or pressing the keypad of a cell
phone for hours every day, a person can suffer repetitive pressure injuries. Back disease is also a
common thing, in people who spend a lot of time sitting at a computer desk.
4. Electronic media, such as computers, laptops, or cellphones (cellphones) also slowly destroy
the ability of children and young adults to learn social skills and read body language. The point is
that someone will experience a reduction in interaction with their fellow man in the number of
minutes per day, causing the number of people who cannot be invited to discuss important issues
to be increasing every day.
5. Cyber crime (cyber crime). As technology develops, crime develops. In the internet world,
crime is known as cyber crime. Cybercrime is very diverse. Among them, carding, hacking,
cracking, phishing, and spamming.
6. Making time wasted in vain

b. Positive impact
1. As a medium for disseminating information
Up to date information is very easy to spread through social networking sites. Only within a few
minutes after the incident, we have been able to enjoy the information. This is very beneficial for
us as humans who live in the digital era as it is today. The horizon of the world seemed to be in
the touch of our fingers.
2. As a means to develop skills and social
Sharpening technical and social skills is a necessity that must be met in order to survive and be
on the balance sheet of modern diera competition as it is today. This is very important, there is
no age limit, everyone needs to develop.
3. Expanding the network of friends
By using social networking, we can communicate with anyone, even with people we do not
know even from various parts of the world. We can take advantage of this advantage to add
insight, exchange ideas, get to know each other's culture and characteristics of each region, etc.
This can also hone one's language skills. For example, learning English by utilizing call or video
call facilities provided on social networking sites.

Since social networking sites such as those mentioned above have been drawing public attention.
Most spend hours visiting the site. Therefore we need a way to overcome this addiction to social
networks such as by limiting the time of internet use, especially social networking sites. We also
need to learn to use the internet wisely so that we do not become people who are addicted to
social networking. We recommend that users of this social networking site do not have to stop
completely to not enjoy the site, but it is wise to slowly reduce it by reducing the hours of
playing Facebook, Twitter, etc.

9. UTILIZATION OF SOCIAL MEDIA

Utilization of social media in education

At present, who doesn't know the term social media? Minimal Facebook and Twitter. Based on
information from the SalingSilang site, Indonesia ranks fourth and fifth as a Facebook and
Twitter user country in the world.
Most users are still using social media to just hang out. Even the use of social media is also rife
by those who do business.
However, some people from the world of education began actively conducting teaching and
learning activities, with social media as one of the media. This is an important and interesting
breakthrough. And can make teaching and learning activities more enjoyable.
There are many social media that can be used, such as Facebook, Twitter, blogs, plurk, linkedIn,
youtube and others. However, considering that Indonesia is one of the biggest Twitter and
Facebook users in the world, it doesn't seem too wrong if we think that the most widely used
social media is Facebook and Twitter, besides blogs.
Here are a few examples of how schools or classes can make use of social
media:
1. Spread information related to school or class through Twitter or Facebook.
2. Teachers can share learning materials and assignments through blogs. Students can also write
their assignments on the blog.
3. Increase pride in your school or class by creating a Facebook page, so you can share things
like photos of activities, information about the school or class, and even sell school or class
merchandise online.
4. Schools can also use blogs and Facebook to promote themselves.
5. Schools can connect with parents through social media, so parents always get the latest
information.
6. School alumni can always be connected and then develop, and so on.

10. ADOLESCENT LIMITATIONS IN SOCIAL MEDIA

The rise of negative things that happen on social media, which makes teenagers as the
main victims of negative things. For this reason, adolescents should be required to know the
limitations in communicating on social media. Parents and Teachers should also be able to be the
main factors that play a role in providing adolescent boundaries for social media.
 There are several things that need to be done by parents as a step to protect their children
from the negative impacts of social networking sites, including the following:
a. Trying to learn about the internet and social networking sites on the internet. This needs to be
done so that at least the parents know what technology is like now, and can supervise their
children while surfing the internet.
b. Tell about the dangers that lurk in the use of social networking sites. This will make children
be more careful in using social networking, and understand its limitations.
c. As much as possible accompany the child when surfing in cyberspace, especially when the
child opens a social networking site.
d. Does not provide cell phones that can access the internet to children who are not old enough.

Whereas the teacher at the school also has several things that need to be done so that the student
understands the limitations of social media.
a. Provide Understanding to Students About the Dangers of Social Networking Sites.
b. Try Not to Provide Cell Phones That Can Access the Internet (social networking sites).
c. Supervise Students in Internet or Social Networking.
 CHAPTER III
CLOSING
A. CONCLUSION

Social media is an online media, with its users can easily participate, share and create
content including blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and the virtual world. Blogs, social
networks and wikis are the most common forms of social media used by people throughout the
world. Social media has the characteristics, namely: Messages that are conveyed are not just for
one person but can be many people for example messages via SMS or the internet, Messages that
are delivered freely, without having to go through a Gatekeeper, Messages that are conveyed
tend to be faster compared to other media, the recipient of the message that determines the time
of interaction. Besides that social media also has a lot of benefits felt by most people, both
children and adults.

B. Suggestions
The following are suggestions for parents to educate children / teens from an early age about
information technology:

1. Give children the opportunity to learn to interact with computers early on.
2. Note that the computer also has certain effects on the physical person. Also pay attention to
the appropriate spatial and lighting. The light should not be too bright and the distance of sight
should not be too close because it can disturb the child's sense of sight.
3. Choose certain software that is intended for children.
4. Pay attention to the safety of children when playing computer from electrical hazards. Do not
cause a short circuit or the possibility of electrocution affected part of the cable or CPU.
5. Always supervise the association of children or adolescents, do not let them hang out with
friends who are not the place.
 D
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S
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OLEH:
Nama: -MESSY MAY TANIA GINTING
-anggun purba
-violenta tilita panjaitan
-jesseca mutiara siburian