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Give The Cardinality of Set A and B Defined By: Solution

The document provides examples and explanations of set operations and concepts including: - Cardinality of sets A={a,b,c,d} and B={1,4,7,9,10,12,23} is |A|=4 and |B|=7. - Cardinality of the set of months beginning with M is 2 and vowels in the English alphabet is 5. - Examples of sets, subsets, unions and intersections using sets A, B, C and D. - Step-by-step working of various set operations involving A, B, C and D.

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725 views9 pages

Give The Cardinality of Set A and B Defined By: Solution

The document provides examples and explanations of set operations and concepts including: - Cardinality of sets A={a,b,c,d} and B={1,4,7,9,10,12,23} is |A|=4 and |B|=7. - Cardinality of the set of months beginning with M is 2 and vowels in the English alphabet is 5. - Examples of sets, subsets, unions and intersections using sets A, B, C and D. - Step-by-step working of various set operations involving A, B, C and D.

Uploaded by

cykool_2k
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Give the cardinality of set A and B defined by

A = {a, b, c, d} and B = {1, 4, 7, 9, 10, 12, 23}

Solution

The cardinality of a set is equal to the number of all distinct elements in

the set. Set A has 4 distinct elements and set B has 7 distinct , hence

| A | = 4 , the notation | A | means cardinality of A

and | B | = 7

2. Give the cardinality of

a) the set of all months beginning with M.


b) the set of all vowels in the English alphabet.

Solution

let us find the elements of the set S of all months beginning with M

S = {March , May}

Hence cardinality of S is

|S|=2

let us find the elements of the set V of all vowels in the English alphabet

V = {a,e,i,o,u}

Hence cardinality of S is

|S|=5

3. Sets A and B are defined by

A = {3, 5, 7, 8} and B = {x, y, z}


Answer by true or false

a) 3 ∈ A

b) 3 ∈ B

c) x ∉ A

d) z ∈ B

e) 8 ∈ B

Solution

The symbol ∈ means "is an element of".

a) 3 ∈ A , true because 3 is in an element of set A.

b) 3 ∈ B, false because 3 is not an element of B.

c) x ∉ A , true because x is not an element of A.

d) z ∈ B , true because z is an element of B.

e) 8 ∈ B , false because 8 is not an element of B.


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4. List all terms in each set

a) The set of all positive even numbers less than or equal to 10

b) The set of all letters in the word "AUSTRALIA".

c) The set of all whole numbers greater than 3 and smaller than 16, and

divisible by 3.

d) The set of all whole numbers greater than 5 and smaller than 35, and

divisible by 5.

e) The set of all prime numbers divisible by 3.

f) The set of all numbers whose absolute value is equal to 7.

Solution

a) {2,4,6,8,10}

b) {A,U,S,T,R,L,I}

c) {6,9,12,15}

d) {10,15,20,25,30}

e) {3}

f) {-7,7}
5. Set A, B, C and D are defined by:

A = {2,3,4,5,6,7}

B = {3,5,7}

C = {3,5,7,20,25,30}

D = {20,25,30}

Answer by true or false

a) A ⊂ B

b) B ⊂ A

c) B ⊄ C

d) C ⊂ D

e) D ⊄ A

Solution

a) A ⊂ B means A is a subset of B and is true if all elements of A are

also element of B. Elements 2,4 and 6 of A are not elements of B and

therefore A ⊂ B is false.

b) B ⊂ A is true since all elements of B are also elements of A.


c) B ⊄ C is false. Since all elements of B are also elements of C, then B

is a subset of C.

d) C ⊂ D is false since elements 3,5 and 7 are elements of C but not of

D.

d) D ⊄ A is true since elements 20,25 and 30 are elements of D but not

of A.

6. Use set A, B, C and D defined in question 5 to find

a) A ⋃ B

b) A ⋂ B

c) B ⋂ C

d) C ⋃ B

e) D ⋂ C

f) (A ⋂ B) ⋂ C

g) (A ⋃ B) ⋂ (C ⋃ D)
h) (A ⋃ B) ⋃ (C ⋃ D)

Solution

a) A ⋃ B is the set of all elements of A and B and each element is listed

once only. Hence

A ⋃ B = {2,3,4,5,6,7} = A

b) A ⋂ B is the set of all elements that are common to set A and set B.

Hence

A ⋂ B = {3,5,7} = B

c) B ⋂ C is the set of all elements that are common to set B and set C.

Hence

B ⋂ C = {3,5,7} = B

d) C ⋃ B is the set of all elements in C and B, each element listed once.

Hence

C ⋃ B = {3,5,7,20,25,30} = C

e) D ⋂ C is the set of all elements that are common to set D and set C.

Hence

D ⋂ C = {20,25,30} = D
f) We first determine A ⋂ B

A⋂B=B

Next we determine

(A ⋂ B) ⋂ C = B ⋂ C = B

g) We first determine (A ⋃ B)

(A ⋃ B) = A

Next we determine (C ⋃ D)

(C ⋃ D) = C

We now have

(A ⋃ B) ⋂ (C ⋃ D)

= A ⋂ C = {3,5,7} = B

h) We first determine (A ⋃ B)

(A ⋃ B) = A

Next we determine (C ⋃ D)

(C ⋃ D) = C

We now have

(A ⋃ B) ⋃ (C ⋃ D)

= A ⋃ C = {2,3,4,5,6,7,20,25,30}

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