Scribd
Upload
34 views2 pages

Chapter 10 Microbio

Genetic engineering techniques can be used to produce synthetic biotic medicines like microbes engineered to deliver therapeutics or perform specific functions. Key methods include using restriction endonucleases to cut and ligase to join DNA fragments, allowing genes to be moved between organisms. Vectors like plasmids and viruses are often used to introduce foreign genes into host cells or organisms to create transgenic or genetically modified organisms. The results of recombinant DNA technology include modified microbes, transgenic animals, vaccines, and gene therapies using delivery vehicles like viruses to replace faulty genes. Genome analysis techniques allow determining the exact DNA sequence of organisms and what genes are expressed.

Uploaded by

Elisse Perez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
34 views2 pages

Chapter 10 Microbio

Genetic engineering techniques can be used to produce synthetic biotic medicines like microbes engineered to deliver therapeutics or perform specific functions. Key methods include using restriction endonucleases to cut and ligase to join DNA fragments, allowing genes to be moved between organisms. Vectors like plasmids and viruses are often used to introduce foreign genes into host cells or organisms to create transgenic or genetically modified organisms. The results of recombinant DNA technology include modified microbes, transgenic animals, vaccines, and gene therapies using delivery vehicles like viruses to replace faulty genes. Genome analysis techniques allow determining the exact DNA sequence of organisms and what genes are expressed.

Uploaded by

Elisse Perez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Chapter 10 – Genetic Engineering DNA Polymerases – keeps the DNA strands

separated
Synthetic Biotic medicines – living microbes
genetically engineered to perform a specific function Methods in Recombination DNA Technology
or deliver a therapeutic agent
-can be also used to produce proteins or Human
Systems for Dicing, Splicing, and Reversing Insulin Production
Restriction Endonucleases – Palindromes (4 to 10 bp) Genetic Cloning – removal of a selected gene from an
RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length animal, a plant, or a microorganism followed by its
Polymorphisms) – caused by different cutting propagation in a different host organism
mechanisms; can be used to analyze phenotypic Vector – usually cosmids, bacteriophages,
differences; identify carrier of a disease-causing plasmids, or a virus
mutation
Genomic Libraries – collections of cDNA clones
>Ligase – enzyme that is necessary to seal the that represent the entire genome of numerous
sticky ends together by rejoining the phosphate- organisms
sugar bonds
Transgenic or Genetically Modified Organisms
Reverse Transcriptase – RNA to DNA (GMOs) – recombinant organisms produced through
CRISPR – adaptive immune system the introduction of foreign genes

Products of recombinant DNA technology:


Analysis for DNA
>modified bacteria and virus
Gel Electrophoresis – can be a diagnostic tool;
samples are placed in wells in a soft agar gel and >transgenic animals
subjected to an electrical current
>synthetic biology
Nucleic Acid Hybridization
>vaccines
>Gene probes – consist of a short stretch of DNA
of a known sequence that will base-pair with a stretch Genetic Treatments
of DNA with a complementary sequence Gene therapy – replacement of faulty host genes
>FISH – v effective way to locate genes on with functional genes using delivery vehicles*
chromosomes; probes are applied to intact cell >Delivery vehicles*: viruses or polymers
Polymerase Chain Reaction – amplify DNA Micro RNA – used to block expression of undesirable
Process: host genes, to silence deleterious miRNAs in host
cells and to assist in defense against microbial attacc
>Denaturing
Genome Analysis
>Annealing/Priming
Shotgun or Whole-genome shotgun – give the exact
>Extension order of bases in a plasmid, chromosome, or an
Primers – synthetic oligonucleotides (Short DNA entire genome
strands) of a known sequence; serves as landmarks to
indicate where DNA amplification will begin
DNA Profiling/RFLP/SNP – technique by which
organisms are identified for purposes of medical dx,
genetic ancestry, and forensics

Microarray – determines what genes are transcribed


in a given tissue

You might also like