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Lab-1 Arduino PDF

This document outlines an agenda for basic Arduino training over 8 modules. Module 1 introduces Arduino, including its history and boards like the Arduino Uno. It also covers setting up the Arduino IDE and creating a basic blink project. Module 2 covers basic C programming constructs like conditionals, loops, operators and functions. Further modules discuss Arduino programming, shields, libraries, interfacing with Processing, and building IoT projects.

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NIKHIL ARORA
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284 views73 pages

Lab-1 Arduino PDF

This document outlines an agenda for basic Arduino training over 8 modules. Module 1 introduces Arduino, including its history and boards like the Arduino Uno. It also covers setting up the Arduino IDE and creating a basic blink project. Module 2 covers basic C programming constructs like conditionals, loops, operators and functions. Further modules discuss Arduino programming, shields, libraries, interfacing with Processing, and building IoT projects.

Uploaded by

NIKHIL ARORA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Arduino Training

Internal research group training


Dr. Vinay Chamola, Assistant Professor, EEE Department, BITS-Pilani
EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 1
Agenda
Module 1: Introduction to Arduino
− What is Arduino
− History of Arduino
− Arduino Boards
− Arduino Uno
− Setting Up Arduino IDE
− Your First Arduino Project

Module 2: Basic C Programming


− Conditional
− Loop
− Operators
− Function
− Comment
− Preprocessor

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 2


Agenda
Module 3: Arduino Programming
−Components & Ohm's Law
−pinMode
−digitalWrite
−analogWrite
−Serial Communication
−digitalRead
−analogRead & Map
−Challenge 1: Digital Read/Write
−Challenge 2: Analog Read/Write
−tone

Module 4: Arduino Shields


- Motor Shield
- Ethernet Shield
- WiFi Shield

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 3


Agenda
Module 5: Arduino Standard Libraries
- EEPROM
- Ethernet
- Firmata
- Liquid Crystal Display
- Servo
- SPI
- SoftwareSerial
- Stepper
- WIFI
- Wire
- Install Additional Libraries

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 4


Agenda
Module 6: Introduction to Processing
- Install Processing
- Basics of Processing
- Interface Processing with Arduino

Module 7: Arduino Sonar Project


- Ultrasonic Ranging Sensor
- Servo Motor
- Building a Sonar System

Module 8: Arduino IoT

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 5


Module 1
Introduction to Arduino

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 6


What is Arduino?
www.arduino.cc

● Arduino is an open-source electronics platform


● The hardware and software are open source.
● Software code, based on C is transferable.
● Large community for Arduino.
EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 7
History of Arduino

Arduino was started in 2005 by Massimo Banzi and other co-founders


from Interaction Design Institute Ivrea (IDII) in Ivrea, Italy. It was
named after the bar where the co-founders visited often. The name
of the bar is named after King Arduin.
EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 8
Arduino Products

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 9


Arduino Boards
Lilypad Nano Micro Mini Pro

Mega Leonardo Due Yun

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 10


Arduino Uno
Digital Input/Output & PWM

Reset Button

Power LED
USB

TX & RX LEDs On board LED

Microcontroller

Power Plug

Power 5V/GND Analog Inputs


Microcontroller: ATmega328 Operating Voltage: 5V
Digital I/O Pins: 14 (6 PWM output) Analog Input Pins :6
Flash Memory: 32 KB (ATmega328) Clock Speed: 16 MHz

PWM: 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11. Provide 8-bit PWM output with the analogWrite() function.
LED: 13. There is a built-in LED connected to digital pin 13.
EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 11
Download Arduino IDE
http://www.arduino.cc/download

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 12


Installing Driver on Window
Goto Device Manager Locate Driver Location

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Setup Arduino IDE
Select the Board : Tools->Board->Arduino Uno
Select the Port: Tools->Port -> COM3 (Window)

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 14


Arduino Communication Ports

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Navigate Arduino IDE

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Blink Project
● Open File->Example->
0.1Basic->Blink
● Click the upload button
● Observe the LED blink
● Change the delay value to
100
● Click the upload button
● Observe the LED blink
● Change the delay value to
2000
● Click the upload button
● Observe the LED blink

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 17


Module 2
Basic C Programming

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 18


Conditional

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if Statement

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 20


if Syntax

if (condition)
{
// do something here
}

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 21


if Statement Example
if (x > 120) {
digitalWrite(LEDpin1, HIGH);
digitalWrite(LEDpin2, HIGH);
}

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 22


if-else Statement

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 23


if-else Syntax
if (condition)
{
// action A
}
else
{
// action B
}

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 24


If-else Statements
if (x > 120) {
digitalWrite(LEDpin1, HIGH);
digitalWrite(LEDpin2, HIGH);
} else {
digitalWrite(LEDpin1, LOW);
digitalWrite(LEDpin2, LOW);
}

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 25


if-else-if Syntax
if (condition) {
do Something;}
else if (condition2) {
do Something Else;}
else {
do Another Thing;}

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 26


if-else-if Example
if (x > 120) {
digitalWrite(LEDpin1, HIGH);
digitalWrite(LEDpin2, HIGH);
} else if (x > 200) {
digitalWrite(LEDpin1, LOW);
digitalWrite(LEDpin2, HIGH);
} else {
digitalWrite(LEDpin1, LOW);
digitalWrite(LEDpin2, LOW);
}

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 27


Switch Syntax
switch (var) {
case label:
// statements
break;
case label:
// statements
break;
default:
// statements
break;
}

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 28


Switch Example
char grade = 'B';
switch(grade)
{
case 'A' :
printf("Excellent!\n" );
break;
case 'B' :
case 'C' :
printf("Well done\n" );
break;
…

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 29


Goto Syntax
label:

goto label;

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 30


Goto Example
for(byte r = 0; r < 255; r++) {
if (analogRead(0) > 250) { goto bailout;}
}

bailout:

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 31


Loop

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While Loop Statement

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While Loop Syntax
while(expression) {
// statement(s)
}

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While Loops Examples
int i = 10;
while ( i > 0 ) {
printf("Hello %d\n", i );
i = i - 1;
}

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 35


Do While Loop Statement

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Do While Loops Syntax
do
{
// statement block
} while (test condition);

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Do While Loops Examples
do{
delay(50);
x = readSensors();
} while (x < 100);

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 38


For Loop Statement

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 39


For Loops Syntax
for (initialization; condition; increment) {
//statement(s);
}

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 40


For Loops Example
for (int i=0; i <= 255; i++){
analogWrite(PWMpin, i);
delay(10);
}

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 41


Break
for (x = 0; x < 255; x ++) {
analogWrite(PWMpin, x);
sens = analogRead(sensorPin);
if (sens > threshold) {
x = 0;
break;
}
delay(50);
}

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 42


Continue
for (x = 0; x < 255; x ++) {
if (x > 40 && x < 120){
continue;
}

analogWrite(PWMpin, x);
delay(50);
}

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 43


Operators

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 44


Arithmetic Operators

= (assignment operator)
+ (addition)
- (subtraction)
* (multiplication)
/ (division)
% (modulo)

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 45


Comparison Operators

== (equal to)
!= (not equal to)
< (less than)
> (greater than)
<= (less than or equal to)
>= (greater than or equal to)

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 46


Boolean Operators
&& (and)
|| (or)
! (not)

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 47


Compound Operators
++ (increment)
-- (decrement)
+= (compound addition)
-= (compound subtraction)
*= (compound multiplication)
/= (compound division)
%= (compound modulo)
&= (compound bitwise and)
|= (compound bitwise or)

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 48


Function

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 49


Function Example
int checkSensor()

{
if (analogRead(0) > 400) {
return 1;
else{
return 0;
}
}

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 50


Comment

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 51


Comment

Single line comment


// ….
Multiple lines comment
/*
…..
*/

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 52


Preprocessor

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 53


#define

#define Name value


#define ledPin 3

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 54


#include

#include <Wire.h>

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 55


Module 3
Arduino Programming

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Electrical Components

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Solderless Breadboard

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Solderless Breadboard
Prototyping without soldering

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 59


LED
● Light-emitting Diode
● Pasess current one way
● Emits Lights
● spec of current threshold : 20mA

Anode + Cathode -

Cathode - Anode +

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 60


Resistor

Color code represent the resistance value

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 61


Resistor Color Code

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 62


Push Button

Press to Turn On
Release to Turn Off

Generate Digital Input

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 63


Potentiometer

Variable Resistor

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 64


Ohm's Law

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 65


Basic Concept: Ohm's Law

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 66


Applying Ohm's Law to LED

Voltage across LED is 2V


Voltage across R1 resistor is 5V
Maximum current for LED is 0.02A
5V

R= 5V/0.02A= 250Ω

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 67


Arduino Program Structure

Define variables here

Define INPUT/OUTPUT Pins here Sketch = Program =


Source Code

Create your main program here

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 68


Pin Setup

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 69


PinMode Syntax

pinMode(pin, INPUT/OUTPUT)

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 70


Digital Output

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 71


digitalWrite
Syntax:
digitalWrite(pin, HIGH/LOW)

Eg
digitalWrite(9,HIGH)

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 72


delay
Pauses the program for the amount of
time (in miliseconds) specified as
parameter

Syntax
delay(ms)

EEE F411, IoT course, Dr. Vinay Chamola, BITS-Pilani 73

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