International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 13, Number 10 (2018) pp.

7383-7387
© Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com

IOT Color Based Object Sorting Machine

Himanshu Patel1, Riya Joy2

Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics & Communication,
1

Charotar University of Science and Technology,Changa - 388421, Gujarat, India.

Selin Macwan2, Hardik Modi1

UG Students, Department of Electronics & Communication,
2

Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa - 388421, Gujarat, India.

Abstract thoughts, and administration applications need to develop

relatively to coordinate market requests and buyer's need.
There is a wide usage of many products in our day to day life,
Besides, gadgets should be produced to fit client needs as far
and manufacturing of this products are done in many large
as accessibility anyplace and whenever. Additionally, new
scale and small scale industries. Arranging makes quality
principles are required for correspondence similarity between
consistency issue. Nowadays the main difficulty that is faced
fluctuated things.
after the production is of sorting Arranging of items in an
industry is a dull modern process, which is by and large done
physically. Consistent manual the need of this type of
machine in the industries will help in sorting the machine
according to their weight, size, color, shape, etc. This paper
gives a brief information about the sorting of objects
according to their color using TCS3200 color sensor, Arduino
UNO and servo motors. The identification of color is done
frequency scaling of color detection.
Keywords: Internet of Things (IoT), Color Sensor, Arduino
Uno, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)
module etc.

INTRODUCTION
The Internet of Things (IoT) will be a present correspondence
model that envisions a not so aloof future, clinched alongside
which those questions from claiming standard normal
presence will be furnished for microcontrollers, handsets for
electronic correspondence, Furthermore sensible gathering
stacks that will make them prepared will talk with one another Figure 1: IOT Much bigger than we think [3]
Also with the clients, turning under a vital bit of the web [1].
The IoT idea, consequently, goes for making the Internet
considerably more immersive and inescapable. Besides, by The IoT enables physical things to look, listen, assume and
empowering simple access and collaboration with a wide perform businesses by having them "talk" together, to share
assortment of gadgets, for example, for example, home information and to orchestrate choices. The IoT changes these
apparatuses, observation cameras, checking sensors, actuators, articles from being conventional to shrewd by its basic
showcases, vehicles, et cetera, the IoT will cultivate the advancements, for example, worldwide computing, embedded
advancement of various applications that make utilization of gadgets, correspondence advances. Shrewd questions
the possibly huge sum and assortment of information alongside their appointed undertakings constitute space
produced by such questions give new administrations to particular applications while universal registering and
subjects, organizations, and open organizations [2]. For closer scientific administrations frame application area autonomous
future, the IoT is relied upon to have house and business administrations Fig-2 shows the general idea of the IoT in
utilizes, to add to the personal satisfaction. For instance, which each area particular application is cooperating with
brilliant houses will empower their tenant to naturally open autonomous administrations, while in every area sensors and
their carport when achieving home, set up their espresso, TVs actuators discuss specifically with each other [4].
and different employments. Keeping in mind the end goal to
understand this potential development, rising advances and

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© Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com

Working of color sensor

Each photodiodes have an 8*8 matrix which results into 16 of
green filter, 16 or red filter, 16 of blue filter and the rest 16 for
clear filter when no colour will be detected.

Pin description of color sensor

Table 1: Pin description [16]
Pin Name I/O DESCRIPTION
GND(4) Power supply ground. All voltages are
Figure 2: Innovations due to IoT [5] referenced to GND
OE(3) I Enable for fo (active low).
LITERATURE REVIEW OUT O Output frequency (fo).
S0,S1（1,2） I Output frequency scaling selection
This isn't a special idea, for the execution of object sorting
inputs.
machine based on colour, size, weight, etc. The idea has
existed for quite a while, after there has been advancement in S2,S3（7.8） I Photodiode type selection inputs
technology. VDD（5） Supply voltage
Design And Development of Colour Sorting Robot Lim Jie
Shen*, Irda Hassan [4] –This gave us the knowledge of how a
robot is used for the sorting process and no manual help or 2) Image processing
labor was needed [7]. In image processing pictures are caught, transmitted, and
Automated Object Sorting Using Raspberry Pi N.Aarthi1 , prepared in advanced frame. Computerized picture handling is
one of division in electronic territory where picture is altered
P.Sahithi2 , P.V.Sitaramaih, M.InduVardhani, N. Ranjith
to pixels, put away in an advanced stockpiling and prepared
Kumar, D. SuneelVarma –This published work gave different
by the PC. In result, it diminishes cost computational speed,
ideas in which this sorting mechanism can be taken into
consideration [8]. and adaptability. The center assignment of advanced picture
preparing is safeguarding pictures and improves them to the
Sorting Of Objects Based On Colour,Weight And Type On A new data structures, to give a superior premise to acquiring
Conveyor Line Using PLC, S. V. Rautu, A. P. Shinde , N. R. and examination of related exercises. Also, the image
Darda,A, V.Vaghule, C, B.Meshram, S. S. Sarawade –their processing prompts improvement of picture highlights
gave us the knowledge of how different sensors are intrigue and helpful data about the scene from upgraded
responsible and helpful for the sorting based on weight, colour picture could be figured. Propelled picture getting ready,
and metal [9]. remove information of a photo for taking care of and
examination. After taking the photo from the camera, the
framework exchanges to a PC for preparing and capacity by
TECHNOLOGY FOR OBJECT SORTING utilizing distinctive procedures, for example, picture catching,
picture digitization, commotion sifting and highlight
1) Colour sensor
recognizable proof [10].
A colour sensor depends on a photodiode which measure the
Image processing is done with the following steps.
power reflected by the protest for a red, green and blue light
source. Because of the same it will help in detecting the  Taking the photograph with optical scanner or by
specified color. There are total 8 pins in a color sensor.pin no electronic mode.
7 and 8 are selection pins, pin no 1 and pin 2 are frequency  Analyzing and changing the picture which integrates
scaling pin. Pin 6 is output. evidence load and portrait headway and spotting
plans that are not to mortal senses like digital TV
photos.
 The yield picture can be adjusted representation that
relies on picture analysis [14].
3) Robotic technology
In this era where technology is increasing at a high speed,
need of manufacturing and handling is also increasing.
Robotics has found its place in this area where work can be
done without man-handling, resulting into speed and accuracy
in work. Robotic technology helps in making task more easily
Figure 3: color sensor [6]

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© Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com

and efficiently [9]. There are various tasks of a robot which Arduino was born at the Ivrea Interaction Design Institute as
are now widely used. Some of them are: an easy tool for fast prototyping, aimed at students without a
background in electronics and programming. As soon as it
 Household chores reached a wider community, the Arduino board started
 Workplace chores changing to adapt to new needs and challenges, differentiating
 Hospital works its offer from simple 8-bit boards to products
 Help for the disabled people for IoT applications, wearable, 3D printing, and embedded
 Wars and disasters (calamities that occur) [12]. environments. All Arduino boards are completely open-
Hereto be specific, how robotic arm is used for the color source, empowering users to build them independently and
sorting machine is discussed. A microcontroller is utilized eventually adapt them to their particular needs. The software,
which does assistance in coordinating the development of too, is open-source, and it is growing through the
automated arm to pick the articles proceeding onward a contributions of users worldwide [11].
transport line. This type of arms can be made using different
technology and methods like microcontroller, Arduino,
raspberry pi etc. In this work it points in grouping the shaded
articles which are going ahead the transport by picking and
setting the items in its particular pre-customized habitat [13].

Figure 5: Arduino Uno [17]

2) Servo Motor
It is tiny and lightweight with high output power. This servo
can rotate approximately 180 degrees (90 in each direction),
Figure 4: Pick and place arm [15] and works just like the standard kinds but smaller. You can
use any servo code, hardware or library to control these
servos. It comes with a 3 horns (arms) and hardware [12].
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
Apart from colour sensor we have used arduino uno and two
servo motors (sg90).
1) Arduino Uno
The Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on
easy-to-use hardware and software. Arduino boards are able to
read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a
Twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a
motor, turning on an LED, publishing something online. You
can tell your board what to do by sending a set of instructions
to the microcontroller on the board. To do so you use Figure 6: Servo Motor [18]
the Arduino programming language (based on Wiring),
and the Arduino Software (IDE), based on Processing.
The Specifications of servo motor are mentioned below
Over the years Arduino has been the brain of thousands of
projects, from everyday objects to complex scientific  Operating voltage: 4.8 V (~5V)
instruments. A worldwide community of makers - students,  Operating speed: 0.1 s/60 degree
hobbyists, artists, programmers, and professionals - has
gathered around this open-source platform, their contributions  Stall torque: 1.8 kgf·cm
have added up to an incredible amount of accessible
 Dead band width: 10 µs
knowledge that can be of great help to novices and experts
alike.  Temperature range: 0 ºC – 55 ºC [16].

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© Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com

PROPOSED WORK
Objects which are to be separated are fed in tube. A color
sensor senses the items coming in its sight and code for the
same is coded in arduino in such a way that only the desired
object colors are sensed and collected in the bins at the end
using servo motors.

Figure 9: Green color detection

Figure 7: Block diagram of the system

RESULTS AND ANALYSIS

The object are sorted with respect to their colour and dropped
into the respective box.

Figure 10: Red color detection

ADVANTAGES AND APPLICATIONS:

Advantages
Fast

Figure 8: Hardware Implementation of system Accurate

Good repeatability

Colour Detection Results Reduce labor cost

When any color from red, green or blue is kept for detection Less human interference
in front of the color sensor then the desired color led is turned Fast
on and the output of the sensing of color is seen. First, we
keep the green color paper on top of the color sensor, it Accurate
detects and turns the led on and in the same way, process is
Good repeatability
done for the other two color which detection is shown in
Figure 9 and Figure 10. Reduce labor cost
Less human interference
 Fast
 Accurate
 Good repeatability

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 Reduce labor cost [9] Sorting of Objects Based on Colour, Weight and
 Less human interference Type on AConveyor Line Using PLCS. V. Rautu, A.
 Fully automatic operation P. Shinde, N. R. Darda, A. V.Vaghule, C.
B.Meshram, S.S.Sarawade (Department of
Applications Mechanical Engineering, M.E.S. College of
 In food industry to identify rotted fruits and Engineering, Pune, S.P. Pune University, India)
vegetables, in minor scale and big scale productions, [10] Machine Vision Based Automated Object Sorter
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factors. Chopra, 2Ritu Kadyan 1Student of Master
 In production units to scan and identify the defects in Technology,2 Assistant professor 1GangaTechnical
raw materials. Campus, Jhajjar,Haryana,India
 In fruits and vegetable farming areas (rural areas)
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difficult. M., 2012, September. Where do you want to use a
robotic arm? And what do you want from the robot?.
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