SULIT 3472/1

The following formulae may be helpful in answering the questions. The symbols given are
the ones commonly used.

Rumus-rumus berikut boleh membantu anda menjawab soalan. Simbol-simbol yang diberi
adalah yang biasa digunakan.

ALGEBRA

1 8

2
9

10

4
11

5
12

6
13
7
CALCULUS
KALKULUS

4 Area under a curve

1 , Luas di bawah lengkung

= dx or ( atau )

2 ,
= dy

5 Volume of revolution
3 Isi padu kisaran

= dx or ( atau )

= dy

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SULIT
SULIT 3472/1

STATISTICS
STATISTIK

1 = 7

2 = 8

3 = = 9

10
4 = =
11

12 Mean / Min , = np
5 m=
13

14
6

GEOMETRY
GEOMETRI
1 Distance / Jarak 5 x2 y2
=x xyy

2 Midpoint / Titik tengah xi yj

6 rˆ
x x y y x2 y2
, = ,

3 A point dividing a segment of a line

Titik yang membahagi suatu tembereng garis
1 2 1 2
, ,

4 Area of triangle / Luas segi tiga

= 1 (x y xy xy) (xy xy x y)
1 2 2 3 3 2 1 3 2 1 3
2
11

[Lihat sebelah
SULIT
SULIT 3472/1

TRIGONOMETRY
TRIGONOMETRI

1 Arc length, 8 sin (A B) = sin A cos B cos A sin B

Panjang lengkok, sin (A B) = sin A kos B kos A sin B

9 cos (A B) = cos A cos B sin A sin B

2 Area of sector , A = kos (A B) = kos A kos B sin A sin B

Luas sektor,
10 tan (A B) =
3

11 tan 2A =
4

5 12

6 13

7 =
=
= 14 Area of triangle / Luas segi tiga

=
=
=
=

[Lihat halaman sebelah

SULIT
 1. QUADRATIC EQUATIONS

2
The general form of a quadratic equation is ax + b x + c = 0,
where a ,b, and c are constants and a 0.
The highest power of the variable, x , is 2

The root of a quadratic equation is the value that can replace the variable in the eguation to satisfies the equation.

HOW TO DETERMINE THE TYPES OF

HOW TO DETERMINE THE
HOW TO DETERMINE HOW TO DETERMINE THE QUADRATIC ROOTS OF QUADRATIC
ROOTS OF THE QUADRATIC
WHETHER A GIVEN EQUATION GIVEN THE ROOTS EQUATIONS
EQUATION
VALUE IS THE ROOT OF 1. If and are the roots of the Q.E
Find the value of the determinant
THE QUADRATIC a) By factorization
the equation is (x - )(x - ) =0
EQUATION x x 0 b2 4ac
2
or x - ( + )x + ( )=0 Determinant The Types of Roots
x 0 or x 0
a) by substitution x or x 2
2. The Step of forming a quadratic b - 4ac > 0 Two different roots
b) by inspection equation from given roots are
(two distinct roots)
i. Find the sum of the roots (+ )
The roots of 2
b - 4ac = 0 Two equal roots
b) By completing the square ii. Find the product of the roots ()
quadratic equations
2 2 iii. Form a quadratic equation by (one root)
can be determined by eg: 2x - 8x+5 = 2(x-2) – 3 = 0
writing in the following form: 2
trial and improvement b - 4ac < 0 No real root
2 3 2
method. ( x - 2) = 2 x – ( sum of the roots ) x + product of the roots = 0 (no root)

(x -2) = 1.2247 SAMPLE QUESTIONS

(ie the repeated
3) The Quadratic Equation Find the range of k if the straight line
substitution of x = 3.2247, y = 2x + k
integers into a
or x = 0.7753 ax2 + bx + c = 0
function or polynomial a) intersects the
can thus be expressed as 2 2
to find solutions) curve x + y – 6 = 0 at Use
two different points. 2
2 b - 4ac > 0
c) By using the formula x - ( S.O.R) x + (P.O.R) = 0
where b) is the tangent of the
bb2 4ac 2 2 Use
x b
curve x + y – 6 = 0. 2
b - 4ac = 0
2a S.O.R = sum of the roots =
a c) does not intersect the
2 2
Use
d) By using calculator curve x + y – 6 = 0. 2
c b - 4ac < 0
P.O.R = product of the roots =
a
SLOT 1
QUADRATIC EQUATIONS // PERSAMAAN KUADRATIK
1 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

It is given that quadratic equation x2 3( x 2) 4 Diberi

bahawa persamaan kuadratik x2 3( x 2) 4
(a) Express the equation in the form ax 2 bx c 0 Ungkapkan
persamaan itu dalam bentuk ax 2 bx c 0

(b) State the sum of roots of the equation.

Nyatakan hasil tambah punca bagi persamaan itu.

(c) Determine the type of roots of the equation

Tentukan jenis punca bagi persamaan itu.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

2 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

It is given that 1 is one of the roots of the quadratic equation x2 4 x p 0 . Find the value of p. Diberi

bahawa 1 ialah satu daripada punca persamaan kuadratik x2 4 x p 0 . Cari nilai p.

[2 marks]
[2 markah]

3 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

2 2
The equation px 4 x q 0 , where p and q are constants, has roots and 2. Find the value
3
of p and of q.

2
Persamaan px2 4 x q 0 ,dengan keadaan p dan q adalah pemalar, mempunyai punca-punca 3
dan 2. Cari nilai p dan nilai q .
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

1
 4 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

The quadratic equation x ( x 6) 2 m 3n , where m and n are constant, has two equal roots.
Express m in terms of n.
Persamaan kuadratik x ( x 6) 2 m 3n , dengan keadaan m dan n ialah pemalar, mempunyai dua
punca sama. Ungkapkan m dalam sebutan n.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

5 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

A quadratic equation x 2 6(2 x h) 0 , where h is a constant has roots m dan 3m, m ≠ 0.

Persamaan kuadratik x 2 6(2 x h) 0 , dengan keadaan h ialah pemalar mempunyai punca-punca
m dan 3m, m ≠ 0.

(a) Find the value of m dan nilai

n Cari nilai m dan nilai n
(b) Hence, form the quadratic equation with the roots m +3 and m – 4.
Seterusnya, bentukkan persamaan kuadratik yang mempunyai punca-punca m +3 dan m – 4
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

6 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

Solve the quadratic equation x (3 x 5) 3 x 1 . Give the answer correct to three decimal places.

Selesaikan persamaan kuadratik x (3 x 5) 3 x 1 . Beri jawapan betul kepada tiga tempat

perpuluhan.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

2
ENRICHMENT // PENGUKUHAN
1 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1
Solve the quadratic equation 2 x ( x 4) (1 x )( x 2) . Write your answer correct to four
significant figures.
Selesaikan persamaan kuadratik 2 x ( x 4) (1 x )( x 2) . Tuliskan jawapan anda betul kepada
empat angka bererti.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

2 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1
The quadratic equation 2 x 2 4 x 10 p (1 6 x) has two real and equal roots. Find
the values of p.
Persamaan kuadratik 2 x 2 4 x 10 p (1 6 x) mempunyai dua punca nyata dan sama.
Carinilai-nilai p.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

3 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1
It is given that 4 and n -3 are the roots of quadratic equation x 2 ( m 3) x 8 0 , where m and n are
constants. Find the value of m and of n.
Diberi bahawa 4 dan n - 3 ialah punca-punca bagi persamaan kuadratik x 2 ( m 3) x 8 0, di mana
m dan n ialah pemalar. Cari nilai m dan n.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

3
 4 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

3 x2 2
It is given that quadratic equation x.
5
3 x2 2
Diberi bahawa persamaan kuadratik x
5
(a) Express the equation in the form of ax 2 bx c 0
Ungkapkan persamaan itu dalam bentuk ax 2 bx c 0

(b) State the product of roots of the equation

Nyatakan hasil darab punca-punca bagi persamaan itu.

(c) Determine the type of a roots of the equation.

Tentukan jenis punca bagi persamaan itu.

[4 marks]
[4 markah]

5 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

A quadratic equation x 2 2(3 x p) 0 where p is a constant, has roots dan 2 , where

0.
Persamaan kuadratik x 2 2(3 x p) 0 di mana p ialah pemalar, mempunyai punca-punca dan 2 di
mana 0
(a) Find the value of and of p
Cari nilai dan nilai p
(b) Hence, form a quadratic equation whose roots are 1 and5
Seterusnya, bentukkan persamaan kuadratik yang mempunyai punca-punca 1 dan
5
[5 marks]
[5 markah]

4
 6 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

Find the range of value of h if the quadratic equation 7 h 2 x x2 0 ia always positive. Cari
julat nilai-nilai h jika persamaan kuadratik 7 h 2 x x2 0 sentiasa positif.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

5
 QUADRATIC FUNCTION
2
The general form of quadratic functions is f (x) = ax + b x + c .
The highest power of variable x is 2

GRAPHS OF QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS

SKETCHING GRAPHS OF QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS
f(x) From the graph
SHAPE OF Can be determined by the a>0 a<0
GRAPH value of a. 1) f(x) = (x -1)( x – 5)
5 a) Min. Point: (3,-4)
(Bentuk b) min. value: -4
i) Shape : x c) Equation of axis of
graf) ii) X -intercept :(f(x) = 0), x = 1,5
1 5 symmetry : x = 3
iii) y-intercept: ( x = 0), f (x) = 5

POSITION Can be b2-4ac > 0 2

f(x)
2) f(x) = x -4x + 4 a) Min. Point: (2,0)
OF GRAPH Two different
WITH determined roots 2
f(x) = (x – 2) – 4 + 4 4 b) min. value: 0
RESPECT by the type f(x) = (x – 2)
2
2
TO THE X- of roots of b -4ac = 0 c) Equation of axis of
AXIS f(x) = 0 Two equal i) Shape : x symmetry : x = 2
roots ii) Min point : (2,0) 2
(Kedudukan iii) y- intercept : 4
Graf) b2-4ac < 0 2
No real roots 3) f(x) = 4 – x 4 a) Equation of axis
i) Shape : of symmetry : x = 0

ii) y- intercept : (x =0), y = 4 -2 2 b) Max. Point: (0,4)

HOW TO FIND THE MINIMUM / MAXIMUM POINTS OF THE iii) x-intercept : (f(x) = 0)
GRAPHS OF QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS 4 – x2 = 0 c) max. value: 4
2 X = 2,-2
Rewrite the quadratic function in the form of f (x) a (x p) q a) Equation of axis
The minimum / maximum point is : (-p, q). 4) f(x) = -2(x+1 )2 +2 (-1,2)
of symmetry : x = -1
i) Shape : b) Max. Point: (-1,2)
A quadratic function can be expressed in the form ii) Max point: (-1,2)
a ( x + p )2 + q , where a, p, and q are constants iii) y- intercept: x = 0 c) max. value: 2
by completing the square f(x) = 0
2 b 2
2
iv)  x-intercept; (x+1) = 1 -2 0
1. The coefficient of x must equal to1. f (x) a x xc x = 0, -2
a
2 QUADRATIC INEQUALITIES
2. Change the value in the bracket into b b 2
perfect square f (x) a x c Determine the ranges of values of x that satisfy each of the following inequalities:
2a 2a 1) (x + 5) (x – 1) > 0 2) 3 – 2x – x2 > 0
(by adding coefficent of x )
Solution:
2
3. The perfect square form b 2 4ac b
2 Solution:
f (x) a x x2 + 2x -3 < 0
+ + (x-1)(x+3) < 0 + - +
2a 4a -5 1 -3 1
X<-5 , X>1 -3<x <1
QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS // FUNGSI KUADRATIK
1 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1
Find the range of values of x for 7 2 x ( x 4)2 .
Cari julat nilai x bagi 7 2 x ( x 4)2 .
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

2 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

x
O 1 5

The diagram shows the graph of a quadratic function f ( x ) ( x p) 2 4 .

Rajah menunjukkan graf fungsi kuadratik f ( x ) ( x p) 2 4 .
State
Nyatakan

(a) the equation of the axis of symmetry of the curve,

persamaan paksi simetri bagi lengkung itu,

(b) the coordinates of the minimum point of the curve,

koordinat titik minimum bagi lengkung itu,

(c) the range of values of x when f(x) is negative.

julat nilai x apabila f(x) ialah negatif.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

6
 3 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

Given ( m, 8) is the maximum point of quadratic function f ( x )2 ( x 5)2 n , where m

and n are constants.
Diberi ( m, 8) ialah titik maksimum bagi fungsi kuadratik f ( x )2 ( x 5)2 n , dimana m
dan n adalah pemalar.
(a) Find the value of m and of n.
Cari nilai m dan nilai n.
[3 marks/ 3 markah]
(b) State the maximum value of the above quadratic function.
Nyatakan nilai maksimum bagi fungsi kuadratik di atas.
[1 marks/ 1 markah]

4 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

2
Find the range of values of p when the quadratic equation px 3 p 4 4x , where p is a
constant, has real roots.
2
Cari julat nilai p apabila persamaan kuadratik px 3 p 4 4x , dimana p ialah pemalar,
mempunyai punca-punca yang nyata.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

7
5 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

A projectile is shot upwards from the ground. Its height, h, in m, at t seconds after the shot is given
by h (t ) 5t 2 60t .
Sebuah projektil ditembakkan ke atas dari permukaan tanah. Tingginya, h, dalam m, pada t saat
selepas ditembak ialah h (t ) 5t 2 60t .
Calculate
Hitung

(a) the time it takes for the projectile to hit the ground,
masa projektil itu tiba ke permukaan tanah,
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(b) the maximum altitude achieved by the projectile.
tinggi maksimum yang tercapai oleh projektil
itu.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
6 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

2
The quadratic function f ( x ) 2 x 2 4 x 6 is expressed in the form f ( x ) a ( x p ) q , where a , p and
q are constants.
2
Fungsi kuadratik f ( x ) 2 x 2 4 x 6 diungkapkan dalam bentuk f ( x ) a ( x p ) q , dimana a , p dan
q ialah pemalar.

(a) Find the values of a , p and q .

Cari nilai-nilai bagi a , p dan q.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(b) Sketch the graph of function f (x ) 2 x 2 4 6 for the domain 1 x 4 .
x
Lakarkan graf fungsi f (x ) 2 x 2 4 6 domai 1 x 4.
x n
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(c) Hence, state the range of f(x) that corresponds to the given domain
Seterusnya, nyatakan julat f(x) yang sepadan dengan domain yang diberi.
[1 marks]
[1 markah]
(d) State the new quadratic function when function f ( x ) 2 x 2 4 6 is reflected at the y-
x
axis.
Nyataka fungs kuadratik yan bar apabil fungs f ( x ) 2 x 2 4 6 dipantulkan
n i g u a i x
pada paksi-y.
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
8
ENRICHMENT // PENGUKUHAN
1 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

Find the range of values of x for x (8 x) 12 .

Cari julat nilai x bagi x (8 x) 12 .
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

2 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1
y

x
O 1 6

y=-6

The diagram shows the graph of the quadratic function y = f(x). The straight line y = - 6 is a
tangent to the curve at the minimum point.
Rajah menunjukkan graf fungsi kuadratik y = f(x). Garis lurus y = - 6 ialah tangent kepada
lengkung itu pada titik minimum.

(a) Express f(x) in the form of ( p)2 , where p and q are constants.
x
q
Ungkapkan f(x) dalam bentuk ( p )2 q , dengan keadaan p dan q ialah pemalar.
x
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(b) State the values of roots for the above quadratic function when y = 0.
Nyatakan nilai punca-punca bagi fungsi kuadratik di atas apabila y = 0.
[1marks]
[1 markah]

9
 3 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

x
O

y=k

Diagram shows the graph of a quadratic function f ( x ) ( x 2)( x 8) and straight line y = k. Find the
value of k.
Rajah menunjukkan graf fungsi kuadratik f ( x ) ( x 2)( x 8) dan garis lurus y = k . Cari nilai k.

[3 marks]
[3 markah]

4 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

2
Find range of values of p such that straight line ypx 5 intersect the curve y 1 x at two
different points.
2
Cari julat nilai – nilai p supaya garis lurus ypx 5 bersilang dengan lengkung y 1 x
pada dua titik berlainan.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
5 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

2
Show that straight line x y q will not intersect the curve x 2 2 x 2 y2 3 , if q 2 q 5 . Tunjukkan
bahawa garis lurus x y q tidak akan bersilang dengan lengkung x 2 2 x 2 y2 3 , jika q 2 2 q 5 .

[4 marks]
[4 markah]

10
6 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

A quadratic function is given as f x 12 x 6 3x2 .

Diberi suatu fungsi kuadratik sebagai f x 12 x 6 3 2.

x

(a) Express the function f x 12 6 3 2

in the form f ( x ) a ( p)2 , where a,
x x x
q
p and q are constants.
2
Ungkapkan fungsi f x 12 x 6 3x ke dalam bentuk f ( x ) a ( x p )2 q , dimana a, p dan q
adalah pemalar.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(b) State the maximum or minimum point of the function f(x).
Nyatakan titik maksimum atau minimum bagi fungsi f(x).
[1 marks]
[1 markah]
(c) Hence, sketch the graph of function f x 12 x 6 3x2 for domain 1 x 5 .
Seterusnya, lakarkan graf fungsi bagi fungsi f x 12 x 6 3x2 bagi domain
1 x 5.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(d) Find the value of m if quadratic equation 12 x 6 3 x 2 m has only one root.
Cari nilai m jika persamaan kuadratik 12 x 6 3 x 2 m hanya mempunyai satu punca.
[1 marks]
[1 markah
11
 6. COORDINATE GEOMETRY

FORMULAE
Gradient of a straight line To Find the equation of the straight line
1) Basic Formula
Given A = (x 1 , y 1) and B = (x2 , y 2 ),
2−1

A(x1,y1) , B(x2, y2) =

2
−
2

1) The equation of the

straight line which is
2 2
1 Distance AB = (x2 x1) ( y2 y1 )
2) If given
x-intercept
parallel to the y-axis:

2 a) Midpoint of AB = ( +
, +
) and x = x-intercept
y-intercept
=− 2) The equation of the
b) The point P(x,y) that divides AB in the straight line which is
ratio m : n 2) The value of the gradient parallel to the x-axis:
n B (x2 , y2 ) m x m=0 m=∞ m is m is
P(x , y) positive negative y = y-intercept
3)
A (x1 , y 1 ) Given the x-intercept =a
=( +
1+ 2
, +
1+ 2
)
y y y y and the y-intercept = b
b
3 Area of triangle ABC
A( x1 , y1), B( x2 , y2), C (x3 , y 3 ), x x x x + =1

a
A B C A 3) If two lines are parallel to each other:
Area= | |
Given the gradient m and
m1 = m2 4)
= |( ++) − ( ++)|

a point A (x1, y1)

c
y = mx + c
Area of quadrilateral ABDC : 4) If two lines are perpendicular to each or
A( x1 , y1), B( x2 , y2), C (x3 , y 3 ), D( x4 , y4), y – y1 = m (x – x1)
other m1 m2 = -1
A B C D A 1 =
2
3 , ℎ
3
2=− 2

Area= | |
The Equation of the straight line can be written in :-
= |(+ + + ) − ( + + + )| The point of intersection of two lines can be found
by: i) General form : ax + by + c = 0
4 The x -intercept  the value of x when y = 0
(i) Drawing their graphs and read the point of ii) Gradient form : y = mx + c
Intercept form:+ = 1
The y -intercept  the value of y when x = 0 intersection. iii)

(ii) Solving the simultaneous equations .

The equation of the locus of the moving point can be
found by using the formula for distances between the
points involves.
SLOT 2
COORDINATE GEOMETRY // GEOMETRI KOORDINAT
1 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Q (2, 6)

R (- 2, 5)
●T

S (- 3, k)

x
O
P

The above diagram shows a quadrilateral PQRS with point T lies on the straight line PQ. Given the
equation of straight line PS is 4 x 7 y 2 .
Rajah di atas menunjukkan sisi empat PQRS dengan titik T terletak pada garis lurus PQ. Diberi
persamaan garis lurus PS ialah 4 x 7 y 2
Find
Cari

(a) the equation of the straight line PQ,

persamaan garis lurus PQ,
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(b) the coordinates of P,
koordinat P,
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(c) the coordinates of T if QT : QP = 1 : 4,
koordinat T jika QT : QP = 1 : 4,
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(d) the value of k if the area of quadrilateral PQRS is 29.5 unit 2.
nilai k jika luas segi empat PQRS ialah 29.5 unit2.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

12
 2 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Given that the points A(1, 8) , B(h, k) , C(3, - 10) and D(- 4, 5) are the vertices of a rhombus. The
diagonals AC and BD intersect at point E.
Diberi titik-titik A(1, 8) , B(h, k) , C(3, - 10) dan D(- 4, 5) ialah bucu-bucu sebuah rombus.
Pepenjuru AC dan BD bersilang pada titik E.
Find
Car
i

(a) the coordinates of point E,

koordinat E,
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(b) the values of h and k,
nilai h dan k,
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(c) the equation of the straight line which passes through the point E and is parallel to AD,
persamaan garis lurus yang melalui titik E dan selari dengan AD,
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(d) the equation of locus of a moving point P(x, y) so that its distance from point A is twice its
distance from point D.
persamaan lokus bagi titik bergerak P(x, y) dengan keadaan jaraknya dari titik A ialah dua
kali ganda jaraknya dari titik D.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

13
 3 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Diagram shows a campsite OABC that had been cleared by a group of scouts. Points P, Q and R are
the centre of the tents P, Q and R respectively. P, Q and R are collinear.
Rajah menunjukkan sebuah tapak perkhemahan OABC yang telah dibersihkan oleh sekumpulan
pengakap. Titik-titik P, Q dan R masing-masing ialah pusat khemah P, Q dan R. P, Q dan R adalah
segaris.

y
B(16, 20)

●
R(15, 14)

● Q(3, 5)
P
A(-6, 4)
●
C(17, 1)
x
O

Given the distance of point R is 3 times from point Q and 4 times from point P.
Diberi jarak titik R adalah 3 kali dari titik Q dan 4 kali dari titik P.

(a) Find
Car
i
(i) the area , in m2 , of the campsite OABC,
luas, dalam m2 , tapak perkhemahan OABC,
(ii) the coordinates of P.
koordinat P.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(b) A scout spread sulphur powder around tent R such that the distance of the sulphur powder
track from the centre of tent R is always 4 m.
Seorang pengakap menabur serbuk belerang di sekeliling khemah R dengan keadaan jarak
laluan serbuk belerang itu dari pusat khemah R adalah sentiasa 4 m.

Find the equation of the track of the sulphur powder.

Cari persamaan laluan serbuk belerang itu.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

14
ENRICHMENT // PENGUKUHAN
1 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Diagram shows a kite PQRS. Given that the equation of the straight line PR is y 4 x 11 . The
straight line PR intersect straight line QS at point T.
Rajah menunjukkan sebuah laying-layang PQRS. Diberi bahawa persamaan garis lurus PR
ialah y 4 x 11 . Garis lurus PR menyilang garis lurus QS pada titik T.
y
R

Q T(4, 5)
S

O P(3, 1) x

Find
Cari

(a) the equation of the straight line QS,

persamaan garis lurus QS,
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(b) the coordinates of S,
koordinat S,
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(c) the area of triangle PQS,
luas segi tiga PQS,
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(d) the coordinates of R, if 3PT = PR.
koordinat R, jika 3PT = PR.
[2 marks]
[2 markah]

15
 2 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

In the diagram, AB and BC are two straight lines which are perpendicular at point B. Points A and
B lie on the y-axis and the x-axis respectively.
Dalam rajah, AB dan BC adalah dua garis lurus yang berserenjang pada titik B. Titik-titik A dan B
masing-masing terletak pada paksi-y dan paksi-x.

B
O x

C
●

Given that the equation of the straight line AB is y x 1.

3 4

Diberi persamaan garis lurus AB ialah

y x 1.
3 4

Find
Cari

(a) the equation of the straight line BC,

persamaan garis lurus BC,
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(b) the equation of the perpendicular bisector of line BC,
persamaan pembahagi dua sama serenjang bagi garis BC,
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

16
 3 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Diagram shows the mapping of 4 shops G, H, J and K onto a Cartesian Plane. Shops G, H and J are
collinear. Shop K lies on the x-axis. Given that HK is perpendicular to GJ.
Rajah menunjukkan pemetaan 4 buah kedai G, H, J dan K di Satah Cartesan. Kedai G, H dan J
adalah segaris. Kedai K terletak di paksi-x. Diberi HK berserenjang dengan GJ.

G(p, 25)

● H(18, q)

J(29, 13)

K
x

(a) Town H lies between town G and town J such that GH = 2HJ.
Find the value of p and of q.
Bandar H terletak di antara Bandar G dan J dengan keadaan GH =
2HJ. Cari nilai p dan nilai q.
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(b) Find the equation of the straight line HK.
Cari persamaan bagi garis lurus HK.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(c) Find the shortest distance from town K to line GJ.
Cari jarak terpendek dari bandar K kepada garis GJ.
[2 marks]
[2 markah]

17
 All in One Page 9.CIRCULAR MEASURES

IMPORTANT TERMS 1. Definition : 1 radian IMPORTANT FORMULAE

r r
1
Minor
IN RADIAN
jejari 2. Important relationship
segment
O diameter
major 180 o = radian r A
chord
segment 1
o
= 180 radian r
C
tangent 1800
1 radian = O
r
2. Minor arc 3. To change the unit . B
Major arc Example : Convert 300 to radian:-
Minor
0
sector 30 = 30 x 180 radian 1. Length of arc AB (sAB ) =
O Major
OR using calculator casio fx 570 ms) r
sector
i) Change to radian mode
2. Perimeter of sector OAB
ii) 30 shift DRG 1 =
=2r + r

BASIC FORMULA 4. To find the sin , cos or tan for the 3. Perimeter of segment ABC
angle in Radian using calculator
= sAB + chord AB
H r Example : Find sin 1.5 radian
O
Method 1 : If in radian mode . = r+ 2 r sin 2
A
r
sin =O/H SAB sin 1.5 = 1
4. Area of triangle OAB = 2
cos = A / H = 360 2 r
tan = O /A 2
Method 2: If in degree mode r 2 sin
A =
360 r Sin 1.5 shift DRG 2 =
1r
2
5. Area of sector OAB= 2
6. Area of segment ABC
= 1 r 2( - sin )
2
SLOT 3
CIRCULAR MEASURES // SUKATAN MEMBULAT
1 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

Diagram 1 shows a semicircle OABC with centre O . Rajah

1 menunjukkan separuh bulatan OABC berpusat di O

Diagram 1
Rajah 1
0.8 rad

It is given that the area of the sector AOB is 36.72 cm2. Find the radius of the semicircle.
Diberi luas sektor AOB ialah 36.72 cm2. Cari jejari separuh bulatan tersebut.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

2 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

Diagram 2 shows two sectors, MOL and NOK of a circle with centre O.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan dua buah sektor, MOL dan NOK bagi sebuah bulatan yang berpusat O.

Diagram 2
Rajah 2

Calculate the perimeter of the shaded region.

Hitung perimeter kawasan berlorek.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

18
3 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

KOL ialah sektor bulatan dengan pusat O dan jejari 17 cm. Titik M terletak di
OML yang mana ML = 5 cm.

O M L

Diagram 3
Rajah 3

In the Diagram 3, KOL is a circular sector with centre O and a radius of 17 cm. Point M is on the
straight line OML such that ML = 5 cm. Calculate
Dalam Rajah 3,
atas garis
lurus
(a) the value of , in radian,
nilai , dalam radian,
(b) the area of the shaded region, in cm2.
luas kawasan berlorek, dalam cm2.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
19
 4 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

In Diagram 4, AOBC is a semicircle with centre O and radius 5 cm. Triangle OBC is an equilateral
triangle.
Dalam Rajah 4, AOBC ialah sebuah semi bulatan berpusat O dengan jejari 5 cm. Segi tiga OBC
ialah segi tiga sama sisi.

θ
A O B
Diagram 4
Rajah 4
[ Use / Guna π = 3.142 ]

Calculate
Hitung
(a) the value of θ, in radians.
nilai θ, dalam radian.
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(b) the perimeter, in cm, of the shaded region.
perimeter, dalam cm, kawasan berlorek.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(c) the area, in cm 2 , of the shaded region.
luas, dalam cm 2 , kawasan berlorek.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

20
 5 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Diagram 2 shows a circle of radius 7 cm with centre O. KM and LM are two tangents to the
circle at K and L. (Use = 3.142).
Rajah 2 menunjukkan sebuah bulatan berjejari 7 cm dengan pusat O. KM dan LM adalah dua
garis tangen kepada bulatan di K dan L. (Guna = 3.142).

24 cm
7 cm

O M

Diagram 2
Rajah 2

Given that KM = 24 cm, calculate

Diberi KM = 24 cm, kira

(a) the value of in radians,

nilai dalam radian,
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(b) the perimeter of the shaded region,
perimeter rantau berlorek
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(c) the area of the shaded region.
luas rantau berlorek
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

21
 6 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Diagram 3 shows a sector OAB with centre O. Given that AOB 36 and the arc length AB 9
cm. Calculate

Rajah 3 menunjukkan sektor OAB berpusat O. Diberi bahawa AOB 36 dan panjang
lengkok AB 9 cm. Hitung
A

B Diagram 3
Rajah 3

(a) the length of OA,

panjang OA,
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(b) the area of the shaded segment.
luas bagi tembereng berlorek.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

22
ENRICHMENT // PENGUKUHAN
1 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

Diagram 1 shows a circle with centre O.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan sebuah bulatan yang berpusat O.

Diagram 1
Rajah 1
Given that the length of the major arc PQ is 31.2 cm, find the length, in cm, of the radius.
Diberi panjang lengkok major PQ ialah 31.2 cm, kira panjang, dalam cm, jejari bulatan
itu. [Use / Guna = 3.142]
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

2 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

Diagram 2 shows two sectors OPS and OQR, with centre O.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan dua sektor OPS dan OQR berpusat O.
R

S
Diagram 2
Rajah 2

O
P Q

Given that OP =PQ = 6 cm and the length of arc PS = 5 cm, find

Diberi OP = PQ = 6 cm dan panjang lengkok PS = 5 cm, cari
(a) the value of , in radian,
nilai , dalam radian,
(b) the perimeter, in cm, of the shaded region.
perimeter, dalam cm, bagi kawasan berlorek.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

23
 3 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Diagram 3 shows a circle ADBC , with centre O and diameter 12 cm and a sector ADC with
centre A and radius AD.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan sebuah bulatan ADBC berpusat di O dan berjejari 12 cm dan sektor ADC
dengan pusat A dan jejari AD.
D

O
B A

Diagram 3
Rajah 3

Given that AD = AC = 10 cm .
Diberi bahawa AD = AC = 10 cm.
Find / Cari
Use/ Guna 3.142
(a) BAC , in radian ,
BAC , dalam radian.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(b) the length of arc DC,
panjang lengkok
DC,
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(c) the area of a shaded region.
luas kawasan berlorek.
[5 marks]
[5 markah]

24
 SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS

(i) Characteristics of simultaneous equations: Example 1 Example 2

(a) Involves TWO variables, usually in x and y. 4x + y = – 8 and p - m = 2 and
(b) Involves TWO equations : one linear and 2 2
the other non- linear.
x +x–y=2 p + 2m = 8

(ii) “ Solving simultaneous equations” means finding the values of x and corresponding y which satisfy BOTH the equations.

BASIC SKILLS REQUIRED

SKILL 2
SKILL 1 SKILL 3
Expansion Of Algebraic Equation To Get Quadratic
Changing The Subject Of 2 Solving Quadratic Equations
Equation Ax +Bx+C=0 2
The Formula ax +bx + c = 0
Examples
Examples Examples
1 3x + y = 6 y= 1 (2 + x)2 =1 7 3x(– 3 – 2x = 0 1 By factorization
Solve
2 (4x - 5)2 =2 8 (x – 4 )(2x) =x+2 x 2 – 3x – 10= 0
2 2x – y = 3 y= (x + 2)(x – 5) = 0
3 (3 – 2x)2=0 9 (x + 1)(2x – 3) =3 x = -2, x = 5
3 x
3y 9
x =
2
2
4 1 2x 10 (2x – 3 )(2x + 3) = 1 2 By using formula
0
2
4 2x – 3y = 2 x = 3 bb 4ac
2
5 5 3x 2 11 2 1 x 2a
2
5 7x – 2y = 5 x = 3 2 Solve 2x – 8x + 7 = 0
3x 3 3x
2
2 ( 8) 4( 2 )( 7 )
y= 6 3x 4 12 2 x ( 8)
6 x y 1 1 3x 3x 2( 2 )
1 2 3 4x =0
2 3 2 2 = 2.707 or 1.293

METHOD OF SOLVING SIMULTENOUS

EQUATIONS
STEP 1 STEP 2 STEP 3 STEP 4
1) Starting from the LINEAR 2) Substitute y (or x) into the second 3) Solve the quadratic equation 4) Find the
equation, express y in terms equation (which is non-linear) to by FACTORISATION or by corresponding
using the FORMULA value of x or y.
of x (or x in terms of y). obtain a quadratic equation in the
2
form of ax + bx + c = 0.
x=
b b2 4ac .
2a
State the values o x or of y .
SLOT 4
SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS // PERSAMAAN SERENTAK
1 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Solve the simultaneous equations x 3 y 8 and x 2 3 y2 28 .

Selesaikan persamaan serentak x 3 y 8 dan x 2 3 y2 28 .
[5 marks]
[5 markah]

2 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Diagram 2
Rajah 2

The diagram shows a rectangular-shaped landscape painting. Given the area and perimeter of the
landscape painting are 1200 cm2 and 140 cm respectively. Find the length and breadth of the
landscape painting.
Rajah di atas menunjukkan sebuah lukisan berbentuk segiempat tepat. Diberi luas dan perimeter
bagi lukisan tersebut adalah 1200 cm2 dan 140 cm masing-masing. Cari panjang dan lebar bagi
lukisan tersebut.
[5 marks]
[5 markah]

25
ENRICHMENT // PENGUKUHAN
1 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Find the length and width of a rectangle with a perimeter of 18 m and the square of its diagonal is
48.5 m.
Cari ukuran panjang dan lebar sebuah segiempat tepat yang perimeternya 18 m dan kuasa dua
panjang perpenjurunya adalah 48.5 m.
[6 marks]
[6 markah]

2 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Diagram 2 shows a rectangular plank.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan sekeping papan berbentuk segi empat tepat.

3y cm

x cm

Diagram 2
Rajah 2

Pak Ali wants to cut the plank into two triangular planks. The perimeter of each triangular plank is
24 cm and the measurement of the longest side of the triangle is x y cm. Calculate the area, in
cm2, of the plank.
Pak Ali ingin memotong papan itu kepada dua keping papan berbentuk segi tiga. Perimeter setiap
segi tiga ialah 24 cm dan ukuran sisi terpanjang segi tiga itu ialah x y cm. Hitung luas, dalam
cm2, papan itu.
[7 marks]
[7 markah]

26
 3 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

The straight line x 2 y 11 intersects the curve x 2 2xy 15 0 at two points. Find the
intersection points.
Garis lurus x 2 y 11 bersilang dengan lengkung x 2 2xy 15 0 pada dua titik. Cari
koordinat-koordinat titik persilangan itu.
[5 marks]
[5 markah]
4 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Diagram 4 shows an isosceles triangle PQR and a rectangle PRST. The perimeter of the diagram is
22 cm and its area is 30 cm2.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan sebuah segitiga sama kaki PQR dan sebuah segiempat tepat PSRT. Perimeter
rajah itu ialah 22 cm dan luasnya ialah 30 cm2.

Diagram 4
Rajah 4

(a) State the perpendicular distance from Q to line PR, in terms of x.

Nyatakan jarak serenjang dari Q ke garis PR, dalam sebutan x.
[1 marks]
[1 markah]
(b) Find the possible values of x and y.
Cari nilai-nilai yang mungkin bagi x dan y.
[6 marks]
[6 markah]

27
 5 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Diagram 5
Rajah 5

Diagram 5 shows an equilateral triangle ABE and right angle triangle ADC. AB = BE = AD = x cm
and AE = 2DC = y cm. Given the perimeter and the area of a triangle ABE is 10 cm and 13 cm2
respectively and the area of a shaded region is 11 cm 2. Calculate the values of AB and BE.

Rajah 5 di bawah menunjukkan segitiga sama kaki ABE dan ADC adalah segitiga bersudut tepat di
D. AB = BE = AD = x cm dan AE = 2DC = y cm. Diberi perimeter dan luas segitiga ABE adalah
10 cm dan 13 cm2 masing-masing dan luas kawasan berlorek adalah 11 cm2. Hitungkan nilai-nilai
yang mungkin bagi AB dan BE.
[7 marks]
[7 markah]

6 Find the coordinates of points of intersection between the line 2y x = 1 and the curve
xy + x2 = 26.
Cari koordinat titik-titik persilangan antara garis lurus 2y x = 1 dan lengkung
xy + x2 = 26.
[6 marks]
[6 markah]

28
 SOLUTIONS OF TRIANGLES

To find the unknown sides, angles and areas of triangles

B B B
c c
c a a a

C b
A b C A b A C

Use Sine Rule i) Use Pythagoras Theorem

Use Cosine Rule
to find side
a b c i) When given two sides
sin A sin B sin C and one included angle 2 2 2
c a b
OR 2 2 2
a b c 2bc cos A ii) Use Trigonometric Ratios
sin A sin B sin C
(SOH,CAH, TOA)
a b c
To find side or angle
ii) When given three sides sin A ac
when given
2 2 2
cos A b c a 2bc cos A
b
i) two angles and one sides
c
ii) two sides and one non-
included angle.

Areas Of Triangles

i) When base (b)and height are given , use : A 1 base height .

2

1
ii) When two sides and one included angle are given , use: A 2 ab Sin C

iii) When thre e sides,are given , use : A s( s a )( s b )( s c )

where s a b c
2

Ambiguous Case will occur when Problems Involving Three –Dimensional Objects

B i) BC < AB , both given i) Find angle

between line
ii) A is an acute
and plane.
C1 C2 A non included angle.
2) Find angle
between two
Two triangles can be formed .
planes.
SLOT 5
SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES // PENYELESAIAN SEGITIGA
1 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

48

64
L NO

Diagram 1
Rajah 1

Diagram 1 shows a triangle LMN with O as the midpoint of LN and LO = 9.5 cm. Calculate
Rajah 1 menunjukkan sebuah segitiga LMN dengan O adalah titik tengah bagi LN dan LO = 9.5
cm. Kira

(a) the length of MO .

panjang MO .
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(b) the length of MN .
panjang MN .
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(c) the area of the triangle MON .
luas segitiga MON .
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

29
 2 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

7 cm

Diagram 2
Rajah 2

In Diagram 2, CF and CD are straight lines. CD = 7 cm and DCF 44 .

A triangle CDE is formed such that DE 5 cm and E lies on the line CF .
Calculate
Dalam Rajah 2, CF dan CD adalah dua garis lurus. CD = 7 cm dan DCF 44 .
Sebuah segitiga CDE dibentuk dengan DE 5 cm dan E terletak di atas garis CF. Kira

(a) the two possible values of CED dua

nilai yang mungkin bagi CED
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
(b) the area of the bigger triangle
CDE luas segitiga besar CDE
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(c) the shortest distance from D to CF
jarak terpendek dari D ke CF
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

30
 3 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Diagram 3 shows two triangles, PQT and QRS.PQT is an isosceles triangle.

Given that PT = 40 cm , PQ = QR, QT = 3 QS, TPQ = 50o and SQR = 100o. PQR and QST are
straight lines.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan dua segitiga, PQT dan QRS. PQT ialah segi tiga sama kaki.
Diberi PT = 40 cm , PQ = QR, QT = 3 QS, TPQ = 50o dan SQR = 100o.
T

40 cm
S

50o 100o
P Q R
Diagram 3
Rajah 3

(a) Find,
Carikan,
(i) the length of QT,
panjang QT,

(ii) the length of

SR, panjang SR,
[5 marks]
[5 markah]
(b) Point V lies on PR such that SV = SQ.
Titik V terletak di atas PR dengan keadaan SV = SQ.
(i) Sketch the SVR.
Lakar SVR.

(ii) Calculate the area, in cm2, of SVR.

Hitung luas, dalam cm2, bagi SVR.
[5 marks]
[5 markah]

31
ENRICHMENT // PENGUKUHAN
1 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Diagram 1 shows a triangle ABC and point D lies on BC.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan sebuah segitiga ABC dan titik D terletak di atas garis BC.
A

7cm
4.72cm
4.72cm

38.2o
B D C

Diagram 1
Rajah 1

(a) It is given that AB = 7 cm, ABC = 38.2o dan AC = AD = 4.72 cm.

Find the length of DC
Diberi AB = 7 cm, ABC = 38.2o dan AC = AD = 4.72 cm. Cari panjang DC
[5 marks]
[5 markah]
(b) A quadrilateral ADEC is formed such that DC is a diagonal. Given CDE = 39°,
and CE = 2.55 cm. Calculate the two possible values of DEC .
Sebuah sisi empat ADEC dibentuk dengan keadaan DC sebagai pepenjurunya.
Diberi CDE = 39°, dan CE = 2.55 cm, hitungkan dua nilai yang mungkin bagi
DEC .
[2 marks]
[2 markah]

(c) By using an acute angle DEC ,calculate the area in cm2 of quadrilateral ADEC
Dengan menggunakan sudut tirus DEC , hitung luas dalam cm2 luas sisi empat ADEC.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

32
2 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Diagram 2 shows two triangle ABC and BED.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan dua buah segitiga ABC dan BED.

970

C 250250
E B

1500

D
Diagram 2
Rajah 2

Given that AC = 6.1 cm , DE = 7.3 cm and BD = 11.8 cm.

Diberi bahawa AC = 6.1 cm , DE = 7.3 cm dan BD = 11.8 cm.
(a) Calculate / Hitung
(i) the length, in cm , of BC
panjang , dalam cm , bagi
BC

(ii) the length , in cm , of CE

panjang , dalam cm , bagi
CE

(iii) the area, in cm2 , of ABC luas,

dalam cm2 , bagi ABC
[8 marks]
[8 markah]

(b) (i) Sketch a triangle A ' B ' C ' which has a different shape of ABC such that
A ' C ' AC ,A'B' A and A ' B ' C ' AB .
B C
Lakarkan sebuah A'B'C' yang mempunyai bentuk yang berbeza
segitiga
daripad AB dengan A ' C ' AC ,A'B' AB dan
a C keadaan
A'B'C ' AB .
C

(ii) Hence, state B ' A'C '.

Seterusnya, B'A'C '
nyatakan
[2 marks]
 [2 markah]

33
 3 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Diagram 3 shows a quadrilateral ABCDE such that BCD is a straight line. Given that ACB is an
obtuse angle and the area of the ADE = 20cm2.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan sebuah sisi empat ABCDE dengan keadaan BCD adalah satu garis lurus.
Diberi bahawa ACB adalah cakah dan luas ADE = 20cm2.

Diagram 3
Rajah 3

(a) Calculate / Hitungkan,

(i) the length of AD,
panjang AD,
(ii) DAE.
[5 marks]
[5 markah]
(b) A point M is on BCD such that AC = AM and ABC= ABM.
(i) Sketch ABM.
Lakar ABM.
(ii) Find the area of ABM.
Cari luas ABM.
[5 marks]
[5 markah]

34
 LINEAR LAW
BASIC CONCEPT
To establish a relationship between variables, the corresponding values of the variables
are measured under different situations and the results are plotted as a graph. If a
straight line graph is obtained, then we say the variables obey the linear law. Otherwise,
the relation is said to be non-linear.

Linear Relation Non Linear Relation

BASIC SKILLS

Reducing non-linear relation to

linear form
Y = mX + c

Using the table given

X Constructing a table
Y X
Y

Choosing a suitable scale,

labelling both axes Choosing a suitable scale,
and plotting the points labelling both axes
and plotting the points
Drawing the Lines of best fit

The characteristics of the line of best fit.

• The straight line must pass through as many points as possible.
• The number of points that do not fit on the straight line drawn should
be fairly equally distributed on both sides of the straight line.

Forming an equation of a straight line

Y = mX + c
Y2 Y1
m = gradient = X 2 X1
c = Y-intercept

Determining values of constants

(by comparing with gradient and Y-intercept)

Obtaining information

44
LINEAR LAW // HUKUM LINEAR
1 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

Diagram 1 shows a graph obtained by plotting xy against 1/x

Rajah 1 menunjukkan graf yang diperoleh dengan memplotkan xy melawan 1/x.

Diagram 1/ Rajah 1
xy (a) Express y in terms of x.
10 1/x
Ungkapkan y dalam sebutan x.
O (b) Hence, find the value of y when x = 1/5
Seterusnya, cari nilaiy apabila x = 1/5
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
-6
O

2 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

Variable x and y connected as when a graph of y

y
against log10 is plotted , one straight line across
points (3,0) and (6,2) obtained as in the
Diagram
(6,2)
2. Find the value of y when x = 1000.
Log10x
Pemboleh-pemboleh ubah x dan y dihubungkan
O (3,0)
sedemikian apabila y diplotkan melawan log10X
satu garis lurus yang melalui titik-titik (3,0) dan
(6, 2) diperoleh seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam
Rajah 2. Cari nilai y apabila x= 1000.
[4 marks]
[4 markah]

35
 3 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Use graph paper to answer this question.

Gunakan kertas graf untuk menjawab soalan ini.

Table 1 shows the values of two variables, x and y obtained from an experiment. Variables x and y
b
are related by the equation y= a x + ,
where a and b are constants.
x
Jadual 1 menunjukkan nilai – nilai bagi dua pembolehubah, x dan y yang diperoleh daripada satu
eksperimen. Pembolehubah x dan y dihubungkan oleh persamaan y= a x + b , dimana a dan b
x
adalah pemalar.

x 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.4

y 12.40 8.50 6.74 5.66 4.90 3.87

Table 1
Jadual 1
(a) Plot y x against x , using a scale of 2 cm to 0.2 unit on the x -axis and 2 cm to 0.2 units
on the y x -axis. Hence, draw the line of best fit.
Plot y x melawan x, menggunakan skala 2 cm kepada 0.2 unit pada paksi – x dan 2 cm
kepada 0.2 unit pada paksi y x . Seterusnya, lukis garis penyuaian terbaik.
[5 marks]
[5 markah]

(b) Use your graph in (a), to find the value of

Guna graf di (a) untuk mencari nilai
bagi
(i) a,
(ii) b,
(iii) y when x = 0.9. y
apabila x = 0.9.
[5 marks]
[5 markah]

36
ENRICHMENT // PENGUKUHAN
1 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

6 1
Diagram 1 shows a straight line graph drawn to represent = − 2 . Find the value of h and k.
xy
Rajah 1 menunjukkan sebahagian daripada graf garis lurus yang dilukis
6 1
untuk mewakili = − 2 Cari nilai h dan nilai k.
(0,h)

(8,k)
x
O [4 marks]
[4 markah]

Diagram 2 shows the straight line graph obtained by plotting log5 against log5 .

The variables x and y are related by the equation

= where a and n are constants. Find the value of a and n.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan graf 5 melawan 5 . Pemboleh-pemboleh ubah x dan y dihubungkan oleh
persamaan y = dengan keadaan a dan n ialah pemalar. Cari nilai a dan nilai n.
2 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

log 5 y
(3,7)

[4 marks]
[4 markah]

(1,1)
log 5 x
O

Diagram 2
Rajah 2

37
 3 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1

The variables x and y are related by the equation

y/x
ny = 12x + , where n and p are constants.
Diagram 3 shows the straight line obtained by plotting y/x
4 (9,2) 1

against 2

Pemboleh ubah x dan y dihubungkan oleh persamaan

ny = I2x + dengan keadaan n dan p ialah pemalar.
2
1/x
Rajah 3 menunjukkan graf garis lurus yang diperoleh
O dengan memplotkan melawan 12

(a) Express the equation in the linear form.

Diagram 3 Ungkapkan persamaan itu dalam bentuk linear.
Rajah 3
(b) Hence, find the value of n and of p.
Seterusnya, cari nilai n dan nilai p.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

4 PAPER 1/ KERTAS 1
y The variables, x and y are related by the equation x2y = 6x - 8x2.
1/x Diagram 4 shows the straight line GH obtained by plotting y
O G against
1

Pemboleh ubah x dan y dihubungkan oleh persamaan x2y =

6x- 8x2. Rajah 6 menunjukkan garis lurus GH yang diperoleh
dengan memplot y melawan 1

Diagram 4
H Rajah 4 (a) Express the equation x2y = 6x- 8x2 in the linear form used
to obtain the straight line graph shown in Diagram 4
Ungkapkan persamaan x2y = 6x - 8x2 dalam bentuk linear
yang digunakan untuk memperoleh graf garis lurus seperti
yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 4

(b) State the gradient of straight line, GH and the coordinate

of H.
Nyatakan kecerunan bagi garis luru, GH dan koordinat H.
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

38
 5 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Use graph paper to answer this question.

Gunakan kertas graf untuk menjawab soalan
ini.

Table 5 shows the values of two variables, x and y obtained from an experiment. Variables x and y
are related by the equation xy ax 2 bx, where a and b are constants.
Jadual 5 menunjukkan nilai – nilai bagi dua pembolehubah, x dan y yang diperoleh daripada satu
2
eksperimen. Pembolehubah x dan y dihubungkan oleh persamaan xy ax bx, dimana a dan b
adalah pemalar.

x 0.5 1.0 2.0 2.5 4.0 2.0

y 0.5 2.0 5.0 6.5 11.0 14.0

Table 5
Jadual 5

(a) Plot y against 1 , using a scale of 2 cm to 0.2 unit on the 1 -axis and 2 cm to 0.5 units
x x x
y
on the x -axis. Hence, draw the line of best fit.
y 1 1
Plot x melawan x , menggunakan skala 2 cm kepada 0.2 unit pada paksi – x dan 2 cm
y
kepada 0.2 unit pada paksi x . Seterusnya, lukis garis penyuaian terbaik.

[5 marks]
[5 markah]

(b) Use your graph in (a), to find the value of

Guna graf di (a) untuk mencari nilai
bagi
(i) a,
(ii) b,
y
(iii) x when x = 2.3. x

y
apabila x = 2.3.

[5 marks]
[5 markah]

39
 6 PAPER 2/ KERTAS 2

Table 1 shows some values of two variables, x and y, obtained from an experiment. Variables x and y are related by the equation = 2 where n and k are constants.

Jadual 7 menunjukkan beberapa nilai bagi dua pemboleh ubah, x dan y, yang diperoleh melalui suatu eksperimen. Pemboleh ubah x dan y dihubungkan oleh persamaan,
2
= dengan keadaan n dan k ialah pemalar.

x 1.255 1.585 1.995 2.818 3.981 5.018 6.310

y 3.054 3.388 3.890 4.677 5.623 6.456 7.244

(a) Based on Table 1, construct a table for the values of nilai log10 and log10

Berdasarkan Jadual 7, bina satu jadual bagi nilai-nilai log10 dan log10

[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(b) Plot log10 against log10 with a scale of 2 cm to 0.1 unit on both axes. Hence, draw the line of best fit.
Plot 10 melawan 10 dengan menggunakan skala 2 cm kepada 0.1 unit pada kedua-dua paksi. Seterusnya, lukis garis penyesuaian terbaik.

[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(c) Using the graph in 9(b), find the value of
Menggunakan graf di 9(b), cari nilai
bagi

(i) y when x = 4.27 (ii) n (iii)

k
y apabila x = 4.27.
[5 marks]
[5 markah]

40
 INDEX NUMBER
4
BASIC CONCEPT DISCUSS
1) The index number of the year
1. The table shows the price of 3 types of goods: A, B and C
5) The price of a flate in Taman Rasa Sayang in the
2004 based on the year 2001. in the year 2005 and 2006. year 2008 is RM 82 500. The price index of the flat in the
year 2006 and 2008 based on the year 2004 is 130 and 165
Q2004 Types Price Price index in 2006 respectively. Find the price of the flat in the year 2006.
I 2004 100
of 2005 2006 (Base year = 2005)
Q
2001 2001 good
6) .Table shows the price indices and percentage usages of four
A RM 1.20 RM 1.60 z
items, P, Q, R and S, which are the ain ingredients in the
B x RM 2.30 110 production of a type of biscuits.
2) The composite index C RM 0.60 y 102 Price index in Change of price
I IW
the year 2010 index from the year Percentage
Item based on the 2010 to the year
W Find the value of x, y and z. year 2008 2012

P 110 Increased by 25% h

3) If three years are involved 2. Calculate the composite index for each of the following
data. Q 120 Unchanged 30

2001 2003 2005 Index number, I 120 110 105 R 125 Unchanged 15
y Weightage, W 3 4 3
x S 150 Decreased by 10% 15

3. In the year 1995, the price for one kilogram of a certain

z grade of rice is RM2.40.
a) Calculate the cost of item P in the year 2008 if its cost in the
year 2010 is RM180. [2 marks]
Given that its price index for the year 1995 based on the
xy (b) Calculate
year 1990 is 160 .Calculate the price per kilogram of the
z
rice in the year 1990. (i) the composite index of the cost of making these biscuits. in the
100
year 2010 based on the year 2008. [3 marks]
where x I 03 , (indexno.of 2003 based on 2001) 4) The composite index for the production cost of a certain type
(ii) the production cost of the badminton racket in the year 2010 if
01 of toys in the year 2006 based on the year 2004 is 130. The
its corresponding production cost in the year 2008 is RM400.
y I 05 , (indexno.of 2005 based on 2003) productions cost of the toys then increases by 20% from the
year 2006 to the year 2008. [2 marks]
03 Calculate the composite index of the productions cost of the (c) Find the composite index in the year 2012 based on the year
and z I 05 , (indexno.of 2005based on 2001) toys for the year 2008 based on the year 2004. 2008. [3 marks]
01
46
ANSWERSENRICHMENT // JAWAPANPENGUKUHAN
QUADRATIC EQUATIONS // PERSAMAAN KUADRATIK
1 x 2 11x 2 0 4 (a) 3 x
2
5x 2 0

(b)
2
3
(c) Dua punca berbeza
8
2 P= ,2 5 2 , p4
9
3 m = -9, n = 5 6 h 8

QUADRATIC FUNCTIONS // FUNGSI KUADRATIK

1 x 2, x 6 4 p4 , p 4
2 72 5 -
(a) f ( x )x 6
2
(b) Roots = 1 , 6

3 k=-9 6 (a) f ( x )3( x 2) 2 6

(b) Maximum point (2, 6)
(c) f(x)
(2, 6)
●

O x
-6

(5, - 21)
(-1, - 21)

(d) m = 6

47
COORDINATE GEOMETRY // GEOMETRI KOORDINAT
1 1x 6 3 (a) p = -4 , q = 17
(a) y 4 11 65
(b) y 4x 2
(b) S (8, 4) 2
(c) 18.09 unit
(c) 17 unit2
(d) R (6, 13)
2 (a) y43 x 16
3

3 7
(b) y 4x 6

CIRCULAR MEASURES // SUKATAN MEMBULAT

1 r = 6.5 cm
2
5 or0.8333
a)
6
(b) Perimeter = 27
3 BAC 0.5858rad
(a)
(b) DC 11.72cm

(c) Area = 16.72cm2

SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS // PERSAMAAN SERENTAK

1 =2 1
, =6 1
4 (a) Jarak serenjang = 4x cm
5
2 2
(b) x 1 , x
1 1 6
=6 2
, =2 2

y 3 , y 13
3
2 y 0, y 2 5 y 8, 2 or x 1, 4 or equivalent
x 12, x 8

Area / Luas = 48 cm2

3 5 17 6 5 5
3, 4 and , y ,y
2 4 2 3
1
x 4, x 3
3
5 13 5
4, , ,
2 3 3

48
SOLUTION OF TRIANGLES // PENYELESAIAN SEGITIGA
1 (a)DC = 3.76 cm
(b) CED = 68.12° , 111.68°
(c) Luas ADEC = 12.72 cm²
2 (a) (i) BC = 14.33 cm
(ii) CE = 4.16 cm
(iii)Area = 37.07 cm2
(c) (i)
A’

C C’ B’

(ii) B ' A'C' 33

3 (a) (i) AD = 5.903 cm
(ii) DAE42.650
(b) (i)

(ii) Luas22.44 cm 2

LINEAR LAW // HUKUM LINEAR

1 n 6 ,k 2 3 n 3, p2
3
2 1 4 (a) 6 , (0, 6)
n 3 ,a
25 (b) y 68
x
5 (b) (i) a 0.03913
(ii) b 5.33
(iii) 5.6554
6 b) (i) y 5.888
(ii) m 2.692
(iii) k 0.27

49
INDEX NUMBER // NOMBOR INDEKS
1 (a) 120
(b) 118
(c) (i) k=4
(ii) RM40.88
(d) 151.84
2 (a) (i) 7.75
(ii) 3.20
(c) 112
(d) 133.4
(e) 46.69

50