INSTRUCTION MANUAL OSCILLOSCOPE MODELS COS5040/COS5041 ~~ +6; feet KIKUSUI ELECTRONICS CORPORATION1 LL 1.2 3eL 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 4 4. 4.2 43 44 45 4.6 47 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.1L TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL. Description Features SPECIFICATIONS ...+-.++4 PRECAUTIONS BEFORE OPERATING THE OSCILLOSCOPE ........65 Unpacking the Oscilloscope ..... Checking the Line Voltage Environments .... CRT Intensity ..s.0..s Withstanding Voltages of Input Terminals ....... OPERATION METHOD Explanation of Front Panel .,. Explanation of Rear Panel ... Basic Operation . Dual-channel Operation ..... ADD Operation .....ecseeeeeeeee X-¥ Operation and EXT HOR Operation ...seseeeeeeeesae Triggering . Single-sweep Operation ..+.... Sweep Magnification ...yseeeeee Waveform Magnification with Delayed Sweep - (C0S5041 only) Calibration of Probe ...... BLOCK DIAGRAM 10 10 10 10 uw oy 12 12 20 25 27 28 28 30 35 36 37 411. GENERAL 1.1 Description Kikusui Model C0S5040/5041 Oscilloscope is a dual-channel oscilloscope with frequency bandwidth DC - 40 MHz (-3 dB), maximum sensitivity 1 aV/DIV, and maximum sweep time 20 nsec/DIV. Model 5041 has a sweep magnification feature with B sweep. The oscilloscope employs a 6~inch vectangular type cathode-ray tube with red internal graticule. ‘The oscilloscope is sturdy, easy to operate, and exhibits a high operation reliability. It is incorporated with the various con- venient features and excellent functions, making itself an ideal instrument for diversified types of research and development work of electronic devices and equipment it can also be efficiently used for production lines and for maintenance and service. 1.2. Features (1) Compact, Light, but sturdy: The oscilloscope is made of aluminium diecast and it is compact, light, but sturdy. (2) Excellent operability: ¢ Light torque types of lever switches and pushbutton switches are used., These and other controls are laid out in the most rational locations taking purvoses and frequencies of their uses into con sideration, chereby attaining an excellent operability. (3) High-brightness Domed-mesh type CRT, high post scceleration voltage. (22 kv): The high acceleration voltage and high beam-efficiency of CRT ensures a bright trace for high speed sweep observation.«@ (5) (6) q High stability with less drift: The oscilloscope employs a newly-developed temperature compen- sation circuit, thereby greatly reducing drift of base lines and DC balance distrubance caused by temperature change. A trigger level lock function which makes triggering adjust- ment procedure unnecessary: A new trigger level lock circuit is incorporated. This circuit eliminates the requirement of troublesome triggering adjustment procedure not only for display of regular signals but also for that of video signals and large duty cycle ratio signals. TV sync triggering: The oscilloscope has async separator circuit and triggering for TV V signal and TV H signal can be automatically switched being linked to the TIME/DIV switch. Linear focus: Once the beam focus is adjusted to the optimum position, it is automatically maintained irrespective of intensity change, even for such waveforms with brightness variation as those displayed in the A INTEN mode. -2-ahoa Vertical axes 2, SPECIFICATIONS Iten Specification Remarks Sensitivity NORM: 5 nV - 5 V/DIV 1-2-5 sequence, x5.MAG: 1 mV - 1 V/DIV eee Sensitivity NORM: £3% or better 10 to 35°C accuracy (50 to 95°F), x5 MAG: 45% or better 1 kiz, at 4 or 5 DIV Vernier vertical To 1/2.5 or less of panel- sensitivity indicated value Frequency NORM: DC ~ 40 MHz, within | With reference to bandwidth 3 4B 50 kiiz, 8 DIV XS -MAG: DC - 20 Miz, within -3 4B AC coupling: Low Limit frequency 10 Ha Rise time NORM: Approx. 8.75 nsec x5 MAG: Approx. 17.5 nsec Input impedance LM 42%, 25 pF 42 pF Square wave characteristics Overshoot: Not greater than ok Other distértions: Not greater than 3% (At 10 nV/DIV range) Other ranges: 3% added to the left values. 10 to 35°C (50 to 95°F) DC balance shigt NORM: 40.5 DIV x5 MAG: 42.0 DIV Linearity 40.1 DIV or less of ampli- tude change when waveform of 2 DIV at graticule center is moved vertically. Display modes cul: | CHL single channel cH2: | CH2 single channel DUAL: | CHOP: 0.5 sec - 1 msec/DIV ALT: 0.5 msec — 0.2 usec/DIV When CHL POSITION knob is pulled out (CHOP ONLY position), the two traces are @isplayed in the CHOP mode at all ranges.Item Specification Remarks App: | CHL + cH2 algebraic addi- tion Chopping repe- tition. frequency Approx. 250 kHz Input coupling AC/GND/DC Maximum allowable input voltage 400 V (DC + AC peak) AC: 1 kHz or lower Common mode rejection ratio 50:1 or better at 50 kHz, sinusoidal wave When sensitivities of CHI and CH2 are set equal Isolation between channels At least 1000:1 at 50 KHz At least 3 at 40 Miz At 5 nV/DIV range CHI signal output Approx. 100 nV/DIV when open; approx. 50 nvV/DIV when 50-ohm termination ‘H2 INV BAL Balanced point variation, 1 DIV or less PULL CH2 POSITION (Reference at center graticule) Signal delay time Approx. 40 nsec (with delay cable of approx. 120 nsec) ‘The displayed portion preceding the trigger- ing point ‘Triggering Item Specification Remarks Triggering CHL, CH2, LINE, and EXT oe (CHI and CH2 can be selected only when the vertical mode is DUAL or ADD. In other cases, triggering source is automatically selected by the VERT MODE switch.) Coupling AC, HF REJ, TV, DC Polarity + or -earon o/ 7 Item Specification Remarks Sensitivity DC - 10 MHz: 0.5 DIV (0.1 v) DC - 40 MHz: 1.5 DIV (0.2 v) Video signal: 2.0 DIV (0.2 V) AC coupling: Attenuate signal components of lower than 10 He HF REJ: Attenuate signal components of higher than 50 kHz The values enclosed in the parentheses are the input sensi~ tivities when in the EXT triggering mode. ‘Triggering modes AUTO: Sweeps run in the free mode when no triggering input signal is applied. Satisfies the sensi- tivity specification for signal repetition frequency of 50 Hz or over. NORM: When no triggering signal is applied, the trace is in the READY state and not displayed. SINGL: Oneshot sweep with triggering signal. Can be reset to the READY state by means of RESET switch. The READY lamp (LED) turns on when in the READY state or in the sweep operation. LEVEL LOCK Satisfies the value of the above trigger sensitivity plus 0.5 DIV (0.05 V) for signal of duty cycle 20:80 and repetition frequency 50 Hz ~ 40 Wiz. EXT triggering signal input EXT HOR input terminal is used in common. Input 1 MQ 42%, approx. 25 pF impedance Maximum 100 V (DC + AC peak) ‘AC frequency not allowable Righter than 1 kz input voltage B triggering signal The A triggering signal of main sweep is used as the B triggering signal. Model COS5041 onlyHorizontal axis Item Specification Remarks Horizontal axis display A, A INT, B, B TRIO'D cos5041 only ‘A sweep (main sweep) Sweep time 0.2 usec - 0.5 sec/DIV 1-2-5 sequence, 20 ranges Sweep time 43% 10 to 35°C accuracy (50 to 95°F) Vernier sweep time coatrol To 1/2.5 or slower of panel- indicated value Holdoff time Continuously variable to 2 times or over of sweep length (time) at 0.2 usec/DIV - 1 nsec/DIV ranges B sweep cOS5041 only. Delay system Continuous delay and triggered delay ‘Triggered by A triggering signal Sweep time NORM: 0.2 ysec/DIV - 0.5 msec/DIV 10 MAG: 20 nsec/DIV ~ 50 sec/DIV Sweep time NORM: 23% 10 to 30°C accuracy 50 to 95°F) Delay time 2 usec - 5 sec/DIV Delay time £4% of the value read on CRT accuracy Delay jitter 1/10,000 or less B sweep time , jitter width A sweep time 10 DIV Jitter width 0.5. DIV or less at 1 nsec/DIV 1 usec/DIV Sweep magnification 10 times (maximum sweep time 20 nsec/DIV) Magnified sweep time accuracy 0.1 usec/DIV - 0.5 sec/DIV ranges: #5% 0.2 ysec/DIV - 0.5 usec/DIV ranges: +8% 10 to 35°C (50 to 95°F) Linearity NORM: 43% *10 MAG: «5% (+8% for 0.2 psec and 0.5 usec/ DIV -6-Item Specification Remarks Position shift Within 1 DIV at CRT screen caused by sweep | center magnification X-+Y mode X-axis: CHL input signal. Yeaxis: CH2 input signal Sensitivity Same as CHI vertical axis Sensitivity NORM: 24% 16 Fo 335°C accuracy (50 to 95°F), 5 MAG: 26% 1 kHz, at 4 or 5 DIV Frequency DG - 2 MHz (-3 dB) bandwidth X-¥ phase Wot greater than 3° at difference Dc ~ 100 kHz EXT HOR mode Trace swept by an external horizontal signal applied to the EXT TRIG IN terminal. Vertical axis modes are CH1, CH2, DUAL and ADD modes in the CHOP node, Sensitivity Approx. 0.1 V/DIV ° Frequency DC - 2 Miz (-3 4B) bandwidth Phase difference between vertical axis Within 3° (at DC ~ 100 kHz) 2 axis Item Specification Remarks Sensitivity 3 Vp-p (Trace becomes brighter with negative input.) Frequency Dc - 5 MHz bandwidth Input resistance Approx. 5 kf Allowable input voltage 50.V (OC + AC peak) AC frequency not higher than 1 KHzCalibration voltage Tten Specification Renarks Waveform Positive-going square wave Frequency 1 kHz £20% Duty ratio Within 45:55 Output voltage 2 Vp-p, #2% Output resistance Approx. 2 kt cat Tten Specification Remarks Type 6-inch rectangular type, internal graticule Phosphor P3l Acceleration voltage Approx, 12 kV Effective screen 8 x10 DIV 1 DIV = 10 mm size (0-39 in.) Graticule Internal graticule; continu- ovsly adjustable illumination Line power requirements Voltage: 100 V, 115 V, 215 V, 230 Y; with #10% allowance. Selectable Frequency: 50 Hz or Power consumption: by connector change 60 Be Approx. 35 VA Mechanical spectfications Mainframe dimensions Maximum dimensions: Weight: : 280 WX 150 Hx 370 D mm (41.02 Wx 5.91 HX 14.57 D in.) 285 Wx 175 HX 440 D mm (11,22 Wx 6.89 Hx 17.32 D in.) Approx. 7.4 kg (16.3 Lbs)440 max [penne fal 3 = 280 i | a = | ty ° | fp oe | 8 oo 7 ° ° m 3 oo0°0 9° eee ae Operating environment To satisfy specifications: Maximum operating ranges: ‘Accessories PO60-S probes (10:1, 1:1. Power cord Instruction manual 1.5m)... (89-03-0300) 942A terminal adaptors ....-.s.+4+ (W4-986-011) r gq | g i 5 to 35°C (41 to 95°F), 85% RH 0 to 40°C (32 co 104°F), 90% RK © Specifications and contents on this manual are subject to change without notice.3. PRECAUTIONS BEFORE OPERATING THE OSCILLOSCOPE 3.1 Unpacking the Oscilloscope ‘The oscilloscope is shipped from the factory after being fully inspected and tested. Upon receipt of the instrument, immedi- ately unpack and inspect it for any damage which might have been sustained when in transportation. If any sign of damage is found, inmediately notify the bearer and/or the dealer. 3.2 Checking the Line Voltage The oscilloscope can operate on any one of the line voltages shown in the below table, by inserting the line voltage selector plug in the corresponding position on the rear panel. Before connecting the power plug to an AC line outlet, be sure to check that the voltage selector plug is set in the correct position corresponding to the line voltage. Note the oscilloscope may not properly operate or may be damaged if it is connected to a wrong voltage PAC line. When line voltages are changed, replace fuses also as required. Selector plug | Nominal | vorrage tolerance Fuse position yoltage a : = 110 v aoe ae 0.5 A(S.B) B 15 v 104 = 125 V c 215 9 194 - 236 0.3 A(S.B) D 230 9 207. 250 V 3.3. Environments ‘The normal ambient temperature range of this instrument is 0 to 40°C (32 to 104*F). Operation of the instrument outside of this temperature range may cause damage to the circuits. Do not use the instrument in a place where strong magnetic or electric field exists. Such fields may disturb the measurement. = 10 -3.4 CRT Intensity In order to prevent permanent damage to the CRT phosphor, do not make the CRT trace excessively bright or leave the spot stationary for an unreasonably long time. 3.5. Withstanding Voltages of Input Terminals The withstanding voltages of the instrument input terminals and probe input terminals are as shown in the following table. not apply voltages higher than these limits. Input terminal Maximum allowable input voltage CHL, CH2, inputs 400 ve + AC peak) EXT TRIG input 100 (DC + AC peak) Probe inputs 600 V. (DG + AC peak) 2 AXIS input 50¥ (C+ AC peak) Note: AC frequency not higher than 1 kHz. oe Do4 OPERATION METHOD 4,1 Explanation of Front Panel (See Figures 4-1 and 4-2.) ° ORT circuits: POWER seseeeeeeeees INTEN oe eeese eens B INTEN (cos5041 only) FOCUS se seeeeeeees TLLIM see eseeeneee TRACE ROTATION .... Vertical axis: CHL (x) input .. ®@ (S62 Oo 6 © Main power svitch of the instrument. When this switch is turned on, the Lep @ above the ovitch is also turned on. Controls the brightness of the spot or trace Semi-fixed potentiometer for adjusting trace intensity when in B sweep mode. For focusing the trace to the sharpest image, Gratdcule illumination adjustment. Seni-fixed potentiometer for aligning the horizontal trace in parallel with graticule lines. For installing a camera mount in one-touch operation. Blue filter for ease of waveform viewing, Can be removed in one~ touch. operation. Vertical input terminal of CH1. During X-Y operation, this becomes X-axis (abscissa) input terminal. -12-CH2 (¥) input .. : AC-GND-DO eevee VOLTS/DIV ... @® VARIABLE «0... @®@ vouts/o1v ‘so POSITION VERT MODE Vertical input terminal of CH2. During X-Y operation, this becomes Y-axis (ordinate) input terminal. Switch for selecting connection mode between input signal and vertical amplifier. AC: AC coupling GND: Vertical amplifier input is grounded and input terminals are disconnected. DC: DC coupling Select the vertical axis sensitivity, from 5 mV/DIV to 5 V/DIV with 10 ranges. Fine adjustment of sensitivity, with “a factor’ of 1/2.5 or higher of the panel-indicated value. At the CAL'D position, sensitivity is calibrated to the panel-indicated value. When this knob is pulled out (x5 MAG state), the amplifier sensitivity is multi- plied by 5 times. Vertical positioning control of trace or spot. Selects operation modes of CH1 and CH2 amplifiers. Also selects internal triggering source signal. CH1: The oscilloscope operates as a single-channel instrument with CHL alone. The CHI input signal is used as the internal triggering source signal. isePirie eee eee eee ae Teiggering EXT TRIG (EXT HOR) -. @} input terminal CH2: The oscilloscope operates as a single-channel instrument with CH2 alone. The CH2 signal is used as the internal triggering source signal. DUAL: The oscilloscope operates as a dual-channel instrument with both CHI and CH2. The internal triggering source signal is selected by SOURCE switch @. ADD: The oscilloscope displays the algebraic sum (CHL + CH2) or difference (CHI - CR2) of the two signals. The pulled out state of GH2 POSTTION knob @ provides the difference (cH1 - CH2). The internal triggering sourcé signal is selected by SOURCE switch @ . This terminal is used in common for ee horizontal signal. To use this terminal, set SOURCE switch @® to the EXT posi- tion. Selects the internal triggering source signal. Also sélect the EXT HOR input signal. CHL HY : then the VERT mode sutech a ADD posieion, selects cHt Seren eee eee ae eee CHL for the X-axis signal. - 14COUPLING courting ' CH2: When the VERT mode switch @) is set at the DUAL or ADD position, selects CH2 for the internal triggering source signal. EXT: The external signal applied through EXT TRIG (EXT HOR) input terminal @ is used for the external triggering source signal. During the X-Y, EXT HOR mode operation, the X-axis operates with the exter- nal sweep signal. Note: When the VERT MODE switch is set to the CHI or CH2 position, inter- nal triggering source signal selection cannot be made by the SOURCE signal. In such cases, 2 triggering source signal is set by the VERT NODE switch. Select coupling mode between triggering source signal and trigger circvit; select connection of TV syne trigger cir ace cvit. AC coupling UF REJ: AC coupling, with components Des higher than 50 kHz rejected. De coupling The trigger circvit is connected to the TV syne separator circuit and the sweeps are synchronized with the TV V or TV H signal at a rate selected by the TIME/DIV switch @Q). ioSLOPE store HOLDOFF LEVEL @ TV V: 0.5 sec/DIV ~ 0.1 msec/DIV. TV H: 50 usec/DIV - 0.2 usec/DIV. Selects the triggering slope. ny Triggering occurs when the trigger ing signal crosses the triggering level in the direction of signal increase (i. e., positive direction). Triggering occurs when the trigger- ing signal crosses the triggering level in the direction of signal decrease (i, e., negative direction). slope slope teveri \’ holdoff time adjustment and triggering level adjustment. The HOLDOFF tine control is used vhen the sigoal waveform is complex so that stable triggering cannot be attained with LEVEL knob @ alone. The LEVEL knob ie for éteplaying a synchronized stationary vaveform and setting a start point for the waveform. As this knob is turned in "+ +" direction, the triggering level moves eee the knob {s turned in" ==", the triggering level moves downward. - 16 -When set in the LOCK position, the triggering level is automatically maintained at an optimum value irrespective of the signal amplitude (from very small amplitude to large amplitude), requiring no manual adjustment of triggering level. o Time Base A TIME/DIV AND ..... @Q) Selects the sweep time for the A DEJAY TIME sweep or the delay time when in the (COS5041 only) delayed sweep mode. when this switch ATIME/O1V_ AND oELAY TIME is set to the X-Y EXT HOR position, oe me the oscilloscope operates as an X-Y scope with CHI for the X-axis or operates in the EXT HOR mode with an external sweep input signal for the horizontal signal. ane (For details, see Page 28 and 29.) TIME/DIV ... (€0S5040 only) @® ‘setects the sweep tine. TIME /DIV VARIABLE ....++... @J Vernier control of sweep time (the A PULL *10 MAG sweep for COS5041). The sweep tine can be made slower by a factor of 2.5 or more of the panel-indicated value. ge.® POSITION .. BTIME/DIV ........ @ (COS5041 only) evar iE sition me ‘so DELAY THE PosrtroN.. @) The panel-indicated values are calibrated with this knob set in the CAL'D position. The pulled out position of this knob is for the x10 MAG state. Vertical adjustment of the trace or spot. Selects the sweep time for delayed sweep (B sweep). Vernier control of the delay time selected by the A TIME/DIV AND DELAY TIME switch @0), to finely select the portion of the A sweep waveform to be magnified. Selects the desired sweep mode. AUTO: When no triggering signal is applied or when triggering signal frequency is less than 50 Hz, sweep runs in the free run mode. NORM: When no triggering signal is applied, sweep is in a ready state and the trace is blanked out, Used primarily for observation of signals of 50 Hz or lower. igSINGLE: Used for single sweep PUSH operation (one-shot sweep 10 peser oPeTution), and in connon as the reset switch. When the three buttons are in the pushed out state, the circuit is in the single sweep node. The circuit is reset as this button is pressed. When the circuit is reset, the READY lamp @) turns on. The lamp goes off when the single sweep operation is over. DISPLAY eveeveucs GD Selects A and 2 sueep node as follows: (cos5041 only) Main sweep (A sweep) mode for general waveform observation. A INT: This sweep mode is used when selecting the section to be magnified of the A sweep, in preparation for delayed sweep. The B sweep section (delayed sweep) corresponding to the A sweep ts displayed with high brightness. B: Displays the delayed sweep (B sweep) alone. BTRIG'D: Selects between continuous delay and triggered delay. IL: For continuows delay. The B eee ee eee ee ee nme suteeh @ ond DELAY TIME POSITION knob @) has elapsed. -19-© Others CAL (Vp-p) - 4.2. Explanation of Rear Panel a) o Z AXIS INPUT . o cH SIGNAL OUTPUT ... wa: For triggered delay. The B sweep starts when the triggering pulse is applied after the sweep delay time set by: DELAY TIME switch and DELAY TIME POSITION knob has elapsed. (The triggering signal is used in common for both A sweep and B sweep.) This terminal delivers the calibration yoltage of 2 Vp-p, approximately 1 Kliz, positive square wave. The output resistance is apptoximately 2 kX. Ground terminal of oscilloscope mainframe. Input terminals for external intensity modulation signal. Delivers the CH1 signal with a voltage of approximately 100 nV per 1 DIV of graticule. When terminated with 50 obs, the signal is attenuated to about a half. May be used for frequency counting, etc. ~ 20 -© AC Power Input Circuit AC power input connector FUSE @ Input connector of the AC power of the instrument. Connect the AC power cord (supplied) to this connector. Fuse in the primary circuit of the power transformer. Fuse rating is as shom in table @. Ac voltage selecting connector «.. @ AC voltage selector plug oS Yor selecting the AC voltage of the instrument. es For selecting the AC voltage of the instrument by aligning its arrowhead mark in the corresponding position as shown in Table @ Studs for laying the oscilloscope on its back to operate it in the ‘upward posture. Also used to take up the power cord, -u-(0z0S809 12PeH) I-y Panzae-y eantya4.3. Basic Operation Before connecting the power cord to an AC line outlet, check that the AC line voltage selector plug on thé rear panel of the instru- ment is correctly set for the AC line voltage. After ensuring the voltage setting, set the switches and controls of the instrument as shown in the following table. Item No. Setting POWER ® SL ooFF position INTEN ® Clockwise (3-o'clock posicion) rocus © Mid-position TLLUM Counterclockwise position VERT MODE @ cu. t Posrtron ©@ Mid-position, pushed in . VOLTS/DIV ®® 500 nV/DIV VARIABLE. @oO CAL'D (clockwise position), pushed in AC-GND-DC @®® oxp SOURCE @ Be selected automatically to CHL COUPLING @ ac SLOPE @ + ‘LEVEL @ LOCK (counterclockwise) HOLDOFF @ NORM (counterclockwise) MODE, (SWEEP) AUTO HOR DISPLAY. @ ‘A (COS5041 only) ‘TIME/DIV @ 0,5 msec/DIV VARIABLE. @ CAL'D (clockwise), pushed in <> POSITION ® Mid-position eaAfter setting the switches and controls as indicated above, connect the power cord to the AC line outlet and, then, proceed as follows: 1) Turn-ON the POWER switch and make sure that the power pilot LED is turned on. In about 20 seconds, a trace will appear on the CRT screen. If no trace appears even after about 60 seconds, repeat the switch and control settings as shown in the above table. 2) Adjust the trace to an appropriate brightness and to the sharpest image with the INTEN control and FOCUS control. 3) Align the trace with the horizontal center line of graticule by adjusting the Cll POSITION control and TRACE ROTATION control (screwdriver adjustment). 4) Connect the probe (supplied) to the CHl INPUT terminal, and apply the 2 Vp-p CALIBRATOR signal co the probe tip. 5) Set the AC-GND-DC switch in the AC state. A waveform as shown in Figure 4-4 will be displayed on the CRT screen. Figure 4-4 [ei 6) Adjust the FOCUS control until the sharpest trdce image becomes available. 7) For signal viewing, adjust the VOLTS/DIV switch and TIME/DIV switch to appropriate positions so that the signal waveform is displayed with an appropriate amplitude and an appropriate number of peaks. ~ 26 -8) Adjust the 4 POSITION and «+ POSITION controls to appropriate positions so that the displayed waveform is aligned with the graticule and the voltage (Vp-p) end period (T) can be read as desired. The above procedure is the basic operating procedure of the oscilloscope for single-channel operation with CH1. Single-channel operation with CH2 also can be made in a similar manner. Further operation methods are explained in the subsequent paragraphs. 4.4 Dual-channel Operation Change the VERT MODE switch to the DUAL position so that the other trace (CH2) also is displayed. (The trace explained in the preceding section was for CHI.) At this state of procedure, the CH1 trace has the square wave of the calibration signal and the CH2 trace has a straight line since no signal is applied to this channel yet. Now, apply the calibration signal also to the vertical input terminal of U2 with che probe as was the case for CHI. Set the AC-GND-Do sutech at the AC position. Adjust vertical POSITION knobs (@) and so that two channels of signals are-displayed as shown in Figure 4-5. << Signal of CHL <=] Signal of cH2 Figure 4-5 During the dual-channel operation (DUAL or ADD mode), either the CH1 or CH2 signal must be selected as the triggering source signal by means of the SOURCE switch. If both CHI and CH2 signals are in a synchronized state, both waveforms can be displayed stationary; if not, only the signal selected by the SOURCE switch can be displayed stationary. STSelection between CHOP mode and ALT mode is autonatically made by the TIME/DIV switch. The 1 msec/DIV and lower ranges are used with the CHOP operation and the 0.5 msec/DIV and higher ranges are used with the ALT operation. TImE/DIV Figure 4-6 nen the {POSITION knob is pulled out, the two traces are displayed with the CHOP operation over the entire ranges. 4.5 ADD Operation An algebraic sum of the CH and CH2 signals can be displayed on the screen by setting the VERT MODE switch at the ADD position. The displayed signal becomes the difference between CH1 and CH2 signals if the CH2 POSITION knob is pulled out (PULL INV). For accurate addition or subtraction, it is a prerequisite that the sensitivities of the tvo channels be adjusted accurately at the sane value by means of the VARIABLE knobs. Vertical positioning can be made with the $ POSITION knob of either channel. In view of the linearities of the vertical amplifiers, it is most advantageous to set both knobs in their mid-positions. 4.6 X-¥ Operation and EXT HOR Operation When the TIME/DIV switch is set at the [X-¥|EXT HOR] positon, the internal sweep circuit is disconnected and the trace in the horizontal Sirection is driven by the signal selected by the SOURCE switch. When the switch is set to the CHl [%-¥] position, the oscilloscope operates as an X-Y scope with the CHL signal for the X-axis; when it is set to the EXT position, the oscilloscope operates in the EXT HOR (external sweep) mode. = 28 -X-Y operation The X-Y mode is operated with the VERT MODE switch selected for cuz and the TIME/DIV switch in the fully counter clockwise position. GH1 becomes the X axis while CH2 becomes the Y axis, whose position is controled by the horizontal position knob. The bandwidth of the X axis becomes DC to 1 MHz (3 dB). Y axis (cH2 Xaxis Figure 4-7 (CHL) EXT HOR (external sweep) operation The external signal applied through the B47 HOR terminal @ drives the X axis. The Y axis is controled with any channel ot channels as selected by the VERT MODE sutech. hen the DUAL node is selected by che evitch! both iit and CH2 signals are displayed in the CHOP mode. Figure 4-8. Dual-channel X-¥ operation LIN NF -29-4.7 Triggering Proper triggering is essential for an efficient operation of the oscilloscope. The user of the oscilloscope must become thoroughly familiar with the ‘triggering functions and procedures. a Functions of SOURCE Switch: To display a stationary pattern on the CRT screen, the displayed signal itself or a trigger signal which has a time relationship with the displayed signal is required to be applied to the trigger circuit. The SOURCE switch selects such a triggering source. cHL: cH2: LINE: EXT: This internal trigger method is used most commonly. The signal applied to the vertical input terminal is branched off from the preamplifier and is fed to the trigger cir- cuit through the VERT MODE switch. Since the triggering signal is the measured signal itself, a very stable wave~ form can be readily displayed on the CRT screen. During the single-sweep mode opration, the signal of the channel selected by the VERT MODE switch is used as the triggering source signal. During the DUAL or ADD operation, the signal selected by the SOURCE switch is used as the triggering source signal. The AC power line frequency signal can also be used as the triggering signal. This mathod is effective when the measured signal has a close relationship with the AC line frequency, especially for measurements of low level AC noise of audio equipment, thyristor circvits, etc. The sweep is triggered with an external signal applied to the external-trigger input terminal. An external signal which has a periodic relationship with respect to the measured signal is used. Since the measured Signal is not used as the triggering signal, waveform can be displayed more independently of the measured signal. - 30 -(2) The above triggering source signal selection function are summa~ rized in the following table. ee cH cu2 DUAL ‘ADD soukcE __ om Triggered | triggered | Triggered by Cit signal by CHL by cH2 a es cu2 Ree er ‘Triggered by CH2 signal LINE Triggered by LINE signal EXT Triggered by EXT TRIG input signal Functions of COUPLING switch: This switch is used to select che coupling of the triggering signal co the trigger cirevit in accordance with the characteri~ stics of the measured signal. ac: BF RES: This coupling is used for AC triggering which is used most commonly. As the triggering signal is applied to the trigger circuit through an AC coupling circuit, stable triggering can be attained without being affected by the DO component of the input signal. The low-range cut off frequency is 10 Hz (-3 4B). When the ALT trigger mode is used and the sweep speed is slow, j tter may be produced. In such a case, use the DC mode. The triggering signal is fed to the trigger cirevit through an AC coupling circuit and a low pass filter (approximately 50 kHz, -3 4B). The higher components of the trigger signal are rejected through the low pass filter and the Idwer components alone of the trigger signal are applied to the trigger circuit. ‘This conpling is used for TV triggering for observation of TV video signals. The triggering signal is AC-coupled and fed via the trigger circuit (level circuit) to the TV syne separator circuit. The separator circuit picks -31-3) off the sync signal, which is used to trigger the sweep. Thus, the video signal can be displayed very stably. Being linked to the TIME/DIV switch, the sweep speed is switched for TV.V and TV.H as follows: TV.V: 0.5 see - 0.1 msec TV.H: 50 wsec - 0.2 usec The SLOPE switch should be set in conformity with the video signal as shown in Figure 4-9. SLOPE => - Vndbtinl = - Figure 4-9 ve: ‘The triggering signal is DC-coupled to the trigger cirevit. This mode is used when triggering is desired with the DC component of the triggering signal or when ‘a very low frequency signal or a signal of large duty cycle ratio is needed to be displayed. Functions of SLOPE switch: This switch selects the slope (polarity) of the triggering signal. "4": When set in the "+" state, triggering occurs as the triggering signal crosses the triggering level in the direction of signal increase (i.e, positive direction). -32-When set in the "-" state, triggering occurs as the triggering signal crosses the triggering level in the direction of signal decrease (i.e, negative direction). + 77N\ /\ 7 rostesve-soing stone Negative-going slope Figure 4-10 (4) Functions of LEVEL (LOCK) control: The function of this control is to adjust the triggering level and display a stationary image. At the instant of the triggering signal crossing the triggering level set by this control, the sweep is triggered and a waveform is displayed on the screen. The trigger level changes in the positive direction (upward) as this control knob is turned clockwise and it changes in the negative direction (downward) as the knob is turned counter- clockwise. The rate of change is set as shown in Figure 4-11. 4 Trigger level . 2 1 Graticule 120° 60° 30° scale o equivalent 30° 60° 120° (rv) 1 Level knob rotation angle Left <—Center —= Right Figure 4-11 -33-(6) © LEVEL LOCK When the LEVEL knob is set at the LEVEL LOCK position, the triggering level is automatically maintained within the amplitude of the triggering signal and stable triggering is nade without requiring level adjustment (although jitter may not be suppressed during the ALi mode operation). This automatic level lock function is effective when the signal amplitude on the screen or the input voltage of the exter- nal triggering signal is within the following range: 50 Hz - 10 MHz: 1.0 DIV (0.15 ¥) or less 50 Hz - 40 Miz: 2.0 DIV (0.25 V) or less Functions of HOLD OFF control: When the measured signal has a complex waveform with two or more repetition frequencies (periods), triggering with the above~ mentioned LEVEL control alone may not be sufficient for attain- ing a stable waveform display. In such a case, the sweep can be stably synchronized to the measured signal waveform by adjust- ing the HOLD OFF time (sweep pause time) of the sweep waveform. ‘The control covers at least the time of one full sweep, for sweeps faster than 0.2 sec/DIV: Figure 4-11 @) shows a case for HOLD OFF knob at che NORM position. Various different waveforms are overlapped on the screen, making the signal observation unsuccessful. Bt) eee ee oneness pare Sioa Gr che Sigal 1 welt/cres the come vetoes «ce displayed on the screen without overlapping. aeA complex vavefora Portions of heavy Lines (bsgiead efgnal) are displayed. }-_—— cycle ———>| Ne LULU a ' ; Wajonsing ene : 1 Figure 4-12 4.8 Single-sweep Operation Noh-repetitive signals and one-shot transiential signals can hardly be observed on the screen with the regular repetitive sweep operation. Such signals can be measured by displaying them in the single-sweep mode on the screen and photographing them. © Measurement of non-repetitive signal: (1) Set the SWEEP MODE at the NORM position. (2) Apply the measured signal to the vertical input terminal and adjust the triggering level. (3) Set the SWEEP MODE at the SINGLE position (the three pushbutton switches are pushed out). -35-(4) Press the RESET button. The sweep. will run only for one cycle and measured signal will be displayed only once on the screen. © Measurement of one-shot signal: (1) Set the SWEEP MODE at the NORM position. (2) Apply the calibration output signal to the vertical input terminal, and adjust the triggering level at a value corres~ ponding to the predicted amplitude of the measured signal. (3) Set the SWEEP MODE at the SINGLE position. Apply the measuted signal, instead of the calibration signal, to the vertical input terminal. (4) Depress the RESET button. The sweep circuit will become in the ready state and the READY lamp will light on. (5) As the one-shot signal occurs in the input circuit, the sweep runs only for one cycle and the one-shot signal is displayed on the CRT screen. The s ngle-sweep operation can be done also with A INTEN B sweep. However, it cannot be done in the dual-channel ALT mode operation. For dual-channel one-sweep operation, use the CHOP mode. 4.9 Sweep Magnification When a certain position of the displayed waveform is needed to be expanded tinewise, a faster sueep speed may be used. However. if the required portion is far avay from the starting point of the sweep, the required portion may run off the CRT screen. In such a case, pull out (set in the x10 MAG state) the sweep VARIABLE eee by 10 times to right or left with the center of screen at the center of expansion. - 36 -10 x magnification ad AY Any portion can be covered by means of POSITION control. Figure 4-13 ‘The sweep time during the magnification operation is obtained as follows: “ Walue indicated by TIME/DIV switch) x 1/10 Thus, the unmagnified maximum sweep speed (0.2 jisec/DIV) can be made faster with magnification as follows: 0.2 psec/DIV x 1/10 = 20 ngee/DIV When the sweep is magnified and the sweep speed has becone faster than 0.2 ysec/DIV, the trace may become darker. In such a case, the displayed waveform should be expanded in the B sweep mode explained in the subsequent paragraphs (COS5041 only). 4.10 Waveform Magnification with Delayed Sweep (COS5041 only). With sweep magnification of the preceding paragraph, although the magnification method is simple, the magnification ratio is limited at 10. With the delayed sweep method of this paragraph, on the other’ hand, the sweep can be expanded for a wide range from several times to several thousand times according to the ratio between A sweep time and B sweep time. eeAs the measured signal frequency becomes high and the A sweep range for the non-expanded signal becomés higher, the available expansion ratio becomes smaller. Furthermore, as the magnifica~ tion ratio becomes larger, the trace intensity becomes lower and the delay jitter increases. To cope with these situations, a continvously-variable delay circuit and a triggered delay circuit are incorporated into the oscilloscope. (1) Continvously-variably delay: Set the HOR DISPLAY switch to A and display the signal wave— form with the A sweep in the regular operation. method. Next, set the B TIME/DIV switch at a position faster by several steps than the A TIME/DIV switch. After ensuring that the B TRIG'D button of the HOR DISPLAY R DIS! switch is at the pushed out position ([1), turn the Hi switch to the A INTEN position. A portion of the displayed waveform will be accentuated as shown in Figure 4-14, indicating the state ready for delayed sveep. The portion of the accentuated brightness indicates the section corresponding to the B sweep time (DELAYED SWEEP). This portion is expanded on the B sweep. ‘The period from the start of the A sweep to that of the B sweep (the period to the start of trace accentuation) is called "SEEP DELAY TIME." This period is continuously variable by means of che DELAY TIME POSITION knob. Next, change the HOR DISPLAY switch to the B position. The B sweep time will be expanded for the full span of the CRT screen as shown in Figure 4-15. The B sweep time is set by the B TINE/DIV switch and the magnifi~ cation ratio becomes as follows: A TIME/DIV indication Magnification ratio = —S"riys/pIv indication = 38 -(2) ‘The sweep delay time can be read on the CRT screen, For more accurate determination, the DELAY TIME MULTI dial should be used. A TIME/DIV ,, DBLAY TIME MULTI Sweep delay time = syascation ~ dial setting [eee at emma HORTZ DIS sweep 1ORTZ DISPLAY | gelay tine a] fo B sweep A INTEN t \ \ Figure 4-14 Tata The portion of thd accentuated brightness sain Tv HORIZ DISPLAY B Figure 4-15 Triggered delay: When the displayed waveform is magnified by 100 times or higher in the above-mentioned continuous delay method, delay jitter is produced. To suppress the jitter, the triggered delay method may be used. With the triggered delay, delay jitter is reduced by triggering the B sweep again after a sweep delay time as effected by the continuous delay method has elapsed. - 39-For this operation the A trigger circuit continues co operate even after the B TRIG'D button is pushed in (ma) and the B sweep is triggered by the triggering pulse. Therefore, even when the delay time is continuously varied by turning the TIME DELAY POSITION knob, the starting point of the sweep moves discretely, not con- tinuously. In the A INTEN mode, this operation is characterized by discrete shifts of the brightness-accentuated section of the Sweep across the CRT screen; while in the B mode this section remains stationary. The start point moves discretely = Frin IL |_— 8 trigger level Figure 415 = 40 -4.11 Calibration of Probe As explained previously, the probe makes up a wide-range attenuator. Unless phase compensation is properly done, the displayed waveform is distorted causing measurement errors. Therefore, the probe must be properly compensated before use. CAL (Vp-p) Set in the 40 position. COMPENSATOR To Scope I Figure 4-17 Connect the probe BNC to the INPUT terminal of CH1 or CH2 and set VOLTS/DIV switch at 50 mV. Connect the probe tip to the calibration voltage output terminal and adjust the COMPENSATOR control with an insulated screwdriver so that an ideal waveform as illustrated below is obtained. Ideal Adjustment required Adjustment required Figure 4-18 ~41-wy¥ovId YOOTE ne ry0ss09 vod £140 a ovfos >] aaans some wreerna -—effe) et KrF ‘aa wove worra129 oni aKra 1 1 1 1 1 a Zt eons vera [-~ ane ee aaee, wecenen [| cas oo sunt 3D ais Se-R suans wots gna aw scx oy a ont ona iar ook sez t 2 21201 oy ar wouans won a ara ay aoe Bae 1 10 nest an