Effects of Overusage of Smartphone on the Academic Performances of

Grade 12 ABM Students inOur Lady of Fatima University,

Quezon City

2019

Bacay, Maryann

Beltran, Sheilla

Blo, Nesreen

Coranes, LadyAxl

Macdon, Alyssa

Nanding, Julhamin
 CHAPTER I

PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

This chapter provides a clear background about the study. It presents

the objectives, statement of the problem, research hyphothesis, scope and

delimitation, significance of the study and definition of terms to fully

understand the topic that will be discussed.

Introduction

Effects of overusage of smartphone become a problem in the society. It

affects people in different aspects of life. But in this generation, smartphone is

one of the most important things in people’s life. It is used for communication,

entertainment and for us to become updated in whatever is happening around

us. Many people use this gadget, without noticing that they’ve become addicted

to it, especially children who grow up in the world full of technologies. They

have been distracted and distant from the things they should do.

Smartphone has a lot of things offer, which is one of the reasons why

some people cannot leave without their phone. Smartphone has made the

young generation to be so occupied with its technology that it became a

trademark of the young generation (Skierkowski& Wood, 2011). The situation

can be observed clearly as the technology savvy generation are so dependable

on the advance feature of the smartphone.

effects of smartphones to the student who’s more active on using this gadget.

This will examine the influence of overusage of smartphone to their academic

performance. Also, to determine the influences of student’s demographic profile

to the over usage of smartphone of the students.

Specifically, this research will help the students to know the effects of

overusage of smartphone to their academic performance. It will give them an

idea on how to use their gadgets like smartphone wisely. They will learn new

techniques and strategies on how can they manage their time so it will not

affect their academic performance.

Objective of the study

The main purpose of this study is for the people to become aware of the

effects of smartphones specifically, to the student who’s more active on using

this gadget. This will examine the influence of overusage of smartphone to their

academic performance. Also, to determine the influences of student’s

demographic profile to the overusage of smartphone of the students.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the “Effects of Overusage of Smartphone on

the Academic Performance of Grade 12 ABM Students in Our Lady of Fatima

University, Quezon City’’. Specifically it aims to answer the following questions:

1.1 Gender

1.2 Age

1.3 Siblings

2. How often do the grade 12 ABM students use their smartphones?

3. What application do the grade 12 ABM students usually use?

4. How smartphone affects the performance of Grade 12 ABM students in

terms of:

4.1 Activities

4.2 Homeworks

4.3 Test

4.4 Class participation

5. How may the findings be used to educate the grade 12 ABM students to the

effects of overusage of smartphones to their academic performance?

Research Hyphothesis

There is a significant effects of over usage of smartphones to the

student’s academic performance and and no significant relationship between

their demographic profiles.

This study is conducted to determine the effects of overusage of

smartphones on the academic performance of grade 12 ABM students in

OurLady of Fatima University, Quezon City, for the teachers and school

administrator to recognize the status of students with their conflicts at

academic performance and proposed solution to the problem.

Significance of the Study

This investigation is considered and important, this will benefit the

following:

Administrator, the result will guide them to give insights to the conflicts

involving student’s academic performance and enrich the relationship among

teachers and students.

Teachers, the result will help them to be aware of student’s status along

their performances and causes of conflicts that will serve as their guide to

understand the situation and provide solution.

Students, the result will help them to manifests their school

performances and balance activities according to its significant.

Parents, the result will help them to become aware of the effects of

overusage of smartphones to their children that may affect their academic

performance.
 Future Researchers, the result will provide them basis for their future

study and do more further investigation for improvements.

Definition of Terms

To understand this research further the following terms are defined:

Addiction-the fact or condition of being addicted to; you cannot stop doing

something.

Academic- relating to education

Educate- to enlighten;to provide information

Time Management- process of planning and exercising to manage time wisely

Smartphone – is a cellular telephone with an integrated computer and other

features no originally associated with telephones, such as an operating system,

web browsing and the ability to run softwares (Rouse, 2007)

Overusage- using a thing or something too much: too frequently or excessively.

Perfomance-accomplishing an action

Savvy- n. is understanding or knowledge how to do something.

Trademark- legal term for what is commonly known

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

The literature cited in this chapter discussed the different ideas, concept

and conclusions related to the study that help the researcher in developing the

project.

Accordingto Oxford Dictionaries (2019), literatures are written works

especially those considered of superior or have lasting artistic merit.

Smartphone

Smartphone has made the young generation to be so occupied with its

technology that it became a trademark of the young generation (Skierkowski&

Wood, 2011). The situation can be observed clearly as the technology savvy

generation are so dependable on the advance feature of the smartphone.

Mgaya (2015), most smartphone and recreational applications are

addictive to both the higher level and lower level students in Tanzania, which,

in turn, affects their academic performance.

Furthermore, smartphone had almost changed the style of

communication of the people, their way of socializing and their way of learning,

it made them to become easily be influence and believe from what they’re

seeing.
 The high levels of addiction to smartphones prove that it affects student’s

academic performance (Kibona&Mgaya, 2015). This addiction causes some

concerns as to whether the use of smartphones hampers or elevates the

performance of students in general.

Additionally, excessive smartphone used can also distrupt a person’s

sleep, which can have a serious impact in overall mental health. It can impact

the memory, ability to think clearly, and reduce the cognitive and learning

skills. From this, the performance of a student in the school can be affected,

especially doing activities, and having a hard time focusing on the lessons.

Smartphone addiction and duration of sleep at night also showed

correlation, According to the study, some 40.4 percent of adolescents in the

high-risk group slept six hours or less at night, compared to 28.3 percent inthe

lowest-risk group. Those categorized a high risk said that they did not feel

refreshed in the morning and it took them longer to fall asleep.

The quality of sleep in adolescence affects growth, emotional stability and

learning skills, therefore the management of smartphone addiction seems to

beessential for proper sleeping habits. There is critical need to develop a means

of preventing smartphone addiction on social level.

Taking out of the equation the time spent sleeping, one fifth of an

average of Filipino’s waking hour’ssed staring at an Internet-connected mobile

device. According to the study released by Nielsen Philippines, Filipino users

their smartphones (Lucas, 2019).

Theoritical Framework

The Chicago School of Media Theory, 2019

Smartphone as “Originally:any of various telephones enchanced with

computer technology. Later chiefly:spec. A mobile phone capable of running

general-purpose computer applications, now typically with a touch-screen

interface and internet access”,(Smartphone, N). While the word smartphone

may initially appear to be a mere combination of the words “smart” and

“phone” in fact, the word “smart” functions more as a modifier of “phone”,

indicating the device’s evolution over time. While the process to make a phone

call on a smartphone is very different than on its antecedents, particularly on a

device like the rotary telephone, the ultimate method of mediation has not

change very much. To this end, the OED’s definition of phone simply reads “A

telephone apparatus; a telephone receiver or handset”, a definition that could

still define the smartphone today (“Phone, N.2”). As such, the smartphone is

still a phone, although the low level of importance that manufactures usually

place upon that smartphone’s ability to call other phones suggest that the

changes in mediation that define the smartphone lie in its “smart” features.
Conceptual Framework

The conceptual Framework of the study is presented by the paradigm

using INPUT-OUTPUT-PROCESS.

Research Paradigm

The research work was premised on “Effects of Over usage of

Smartphone on the Acadamic Performance of Grade 12 ABM Students in Our

Lady of Fatima University, Quezon City”, particularly the respondent selected

for the ABM students.

FIGURE 1

INPUT
 Profile of the participants
 Name
 Age
 Gender
 Section
 Effects of overusage of smartphones on
the academic performance:
 Coping styles

PROCESS
Gathering the data by using the survey

OUTPUT

Effects of overusage of smartphones on the

The above illustration shows the pattern on how the research was conducted,

Input, thisshow the characteristics of the participants, their profile

(name, age, gender and their section) and the effect of the overusage of

smartphones on the academic performance of the students and their coping

style.

Process, is the instrument used to gather the data to acquire outcome

(questionnaires and survey).

Output, contains the result of the survey conducted, conclusions and

recommendations for this study.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This study will showcase the effect of overusage of smartphone to the

academic perfomances of grade 12 ABM students in Our Lady of Fatima

University, Quezon City. In this chapter, research methods used by the

researcher to gather, analyze and process the data to understand the study

was discussed. These incude the research design, research setting, research

subject, research ethics, research instrument, validation of the instrument,

data gathering procedure and statistical treatment of data.

Research Design

The researchers applied descriptive method as the research design for

this study since they gathered information about the conditions and situation

needed in the chosen field of the study.

As defined by to Best (1963) descriptive research is the investigation

which describes and interprets what it is. It is concerned with conditions or

relationships that exist; practice that prevail; and beliefs and precesses that

are going on; effects that are being felt or trends that are developing.

Accordingto (Martinez, 1998) descriptive approach is used mainly to describe

contemporary events that the research questions that problems are based on

appreciation of the present state of affairs, able it, they are rooted in the past

and may affect the future.

investigation wherein the researchers used frequencies, averages and statistical

calculations to determine describe and analyze the effects of over usage of

smartphone to the respondent in relation to their academic performances.

Research Setting

The study involved grade 12 ABM students of Our Lady of Fatima

University that is located at #1 Esperanza St, Hilltop Mansion Heights, Lagro

Quezon City. This strand is composed of different courses: Accountancy,

Tourism, Marketing and HRM.

Research Subject

The chosen researcher’ssubjects are the grade 12 ABM students of Our

Lady of Fatima University, Quezon City, since the study focused on them. It is

composed of 100 respondents from different courses. They are the student

whohas smartphones and voluntarily participatein this study. The sampling

technique or method used for selecting the respondent is purposive technique.

It refers to a method where in one or a group was selected based on the

knowledge of the entire population of the study, and the respondents

wereselected because they met the standard needed for the study. The

researcher choose this technique since it is considered the most convenient

and suitable way of choosing representative from the whole population of the

grade 12 ABM students.

The researcher used to research ethics in conducting this study. This is

to minimize harms and risk and maximize benefits; respect human dignity,

privacy, to be able to accomplish this research.

Research Instruments

The researcher made the instrument (questionnaire) used to determine

the effects of overusage of smartphones in the academic performance of grade

12 ABM students in Our Lady of Fatima University, Quezon City. It is

contained part I use for the respondents profile such as name, sex, age

andsection and part II the contained of a questions of the effect of overusage of

smart phone on the academic performance of the students.

Validation of the Instrument

Validation of the researcher instrument was taken to the limit at which

the instrument was used to determine and measure what is needed in

gathering data, through this; the instruments show realible and good data.

To validate the research instrument, the researchers consulted the

research adviser for further sugggestions and recommendations on the

question made.

Also, researchers conducted pilot testing in answering the questionnaire

to ten studentswho were not included to the respondents of the study. After the

trial, they were asked as to the items they have difficulty understanding.
Unnecessary questions were reviewed and eventually discarded or eliminate.

The advice if their thesis adviser will be sought for further validation.

Date Gathering Procedure

The questionnaires were distributed to the grade 12 ABM students of

Our Lady of Fatima University, Quezon City as the instrument approved by the

Research Adviser.

The survey form was given during the respondent’s convenient time and

provides them enough time to respond on the questions then the forms were

collected. Researchers assured extremely confidentially of the personal

information of participants.

Survey Form was created using questions modified from related

researchers. It was comprised of 10 questions, which were related to the

respondent’s knowledge regarding how often the students used smartphone.

Statistical Treatment

This study was quantitative in nature as it investigated the population

which represents a set of samples. It was used to make the analysis easier and

realistic. In quantifying data, the researchers used statistical methods to make

an appropriate conclusion.