Monotonicity

levet I Critical Points

Wroblems Based on Fundamentals) X
16. Find the critical points of f(x) = �
x- I
l. Find the interval of the monotonicity of the function
f(x) = 2x3 - I2x2 + 18x + 5. . .. . 5x2 - 18'.� + 45
17. Fmd the cntlca1 pomts
. of f(x) ==
2. Find the interval of the monotonicity of the function X. - 9
2
'
f(x) = 5 + 3 6x + 3x 2 - 2x3 . 18. Find the critical points of the function
3. Find the interval of the monotonicity of the function f(x) = x415 (x :.... 4) 2 .
f(x) = (x - 1)3 (x - 2)2.
1.9. Find the critical points of the function
4. Find the interval of the monotonicity of the function
f(x) = 2x3 - 3x 2 + 6x + IO f(x) = x + cos-'x + 1.

5. Find the interval of the monotonicity of the function 20. Find the critical points of the function
f(x) = 2x3 + 3x2 + 12x + 20.
f(x) = �x 2 - 6x + 15
6. Find the interval of the monotonicity of the function·
· Increasing and Decreasing Functions
X 2
f(x) = 2 + x· 21. Find the interval of increasing and decreasing of
7. Find the interval of the monotonicity of the function function f(x) = 2x2 - In lxl.
f(x) = 5x 3l2 - 3xs12, x > 0. 22. Find the intervals for the function f(x) =
Ix - 11
2
x
8. Find the interval of the monotonicity of the function
increasing and decreasing.
f(x) = Jog(x + �2 ).
-r
23. Find the intervals for the fonction f(x) = x 2 e -:,
",
9. Find the interval of the monotonicity of the function a > 0 is increases. Isolation points.
f(x) = -
x 24. Show that the equation x3 = 3x + 1 has a real root
1ogx in [-1, l].
10. Find the interval of the monotonicity of the function 2
25. Show that the equation ex =1 + x +; has a real root
f(x) = x - coC 1 x - log(x + �x2 + i).
in [-1, l].
11. Find the least value of m for which the function Algebra of Monotonic Functions
f(x) = -x2 + mx + 1 is strictly increasing in [1, 2]
26. Find the interval where the function f(x) = tan- 1
12. For what values of b, the functionf(x) = sinx - bx+ c is strictly increasing.
is strictly decreasing for all x in R. 27. Find the interval in which f(x) = tan-' (log 1 13x)
13. Find all possible values of 'a' for which the function strictly decreasing.
f(x) = e2x - (a + 1) ex + 2x is strictly increasing for 28. Find the interval in which f(x) = coC 1 (lo�x)
all x in R. strictly decreasing.
14. For what values of a is the function _ 29. Find the interval in which f(x) = coC 1 (log 1110x)
a2 1 strictly increasing.
f(x) = ( ; )x 3 + (a - l)x 2 + 2x + 1 strictly
3 0. Find the interval of the monotonocity of thefunction
increasing? f(x) = �3x - x2 .
15. For what values of a, the function f(x) = (a + 2)x 3 31. Find the interval of the monotonicity of thefunction
- 3ax2 + 9ax - 1 is strictly decreasing for all x in R. f(x) = tan- 1 (sinx + cosx) in (0, 2n).

1
 Monotonicity

32. Find the interval of the monotonocity of the function

( )
f(x) = log l ; _
o x

33. Find the interval in which the function

f(x) = sin(log x) + cos(log x) is decreases.

34. Find the interval of the monotonocity of the function
f(x) = loge (cos x) for all x E (0, n).
35. Find the interval of the monotonocity of the function
f(x) = sin(sin x) + cos(sin x) in (0, n).
Inequality
2
36. Prove the inequality, log (1 + x) > x - ; for all x in R+
x
37. Prove the inequality log (1 + x) > _ _ for x > 0
1 +X
38. Prove that (ex - 1) > (1 + x) log(l + x), if x > 0
39. Prove that 2x tan- 1 > log (1 + 2
x ) for all x in R +.

40. Prove that l + x log( x + �x2 + 1) 2 �2 for all

X 2 0.
41. Prove that cos (sin x) > sin (cos x), if x E ( 0, i)·
42. Find the smallest po sitive constant B such that
x � B x2 for all x > 0.

43. If x2 + � 2 c, V x E R +, where a, b, c are +ve con­

stants, prove that 27ab2 2 4c3
Concavity
44. Find the interval of the concavity of the function
f(x) = x5 + 5x - 6.
45. Find the interval of the concavity for the function
f(x) = x4 - 5x3 - 15x2 + 30.
46. Find the interval of the concavity for the function
f(x) = (sin x + cos x) ex in (0, 2n.)
47. Show that the curve y = f(x) = A x +Bx+ c is concave
2

up if A > 0 and concave down if A < 0.

Point of Inflection
48. Find the inflection point of the function
f(x) = x4 - 4x3 + x - 10
49. Find the point of inflection of the curve
y = f(x) = (x - 2)213 + 10
50. Find the point of inflections of the curve
f(x) = x4 - 6x 3 + 12x 2
- 8x + 3
51. Find the point of inflection of the curve
l
y = f(x) = x2 - _ _
6x3
52. Find the inflection point of the curve y = f(x) = e-x'

2
 Monotonicity

Hints & Solutions

Level - 1

1. Given, f(x) = 2x3 – 12x2 + 18 + 5

= 6x2 – 24x + 18
= 6(x2 – 4x + 3)
= 6(x2 – 4x + 3)
= 6(x – 1) (x – 3)
+ +
–
1 3

By the sign scheme, f(x) is strictly increases in (– , 1)  (3, ) and strictly decreases in (1, 3)

2. Given f(x) = 5 + 36x + 3x2 – 2x3

 f '(x)= 36 + 6x – 6x2
= – 6(x2 – x – 6)
= – 6(x – 3) (x + 2)
+
–
–2 3

By the sign scheme, we can say that, f(x) is strictly increases in (–2, 3) and strictly decreases in
(– , – 2)  (3, )

3. Given f(x) = (x – 1)3 (x – 2)2

 f '(x) = 3(x – 1)2 (x – 2)2 + 2(x – 1)3 (x – 2)
= (x – 1)2 (x – 2) (3(x – 2) + 2(x – 1)
= (x – 1)2 (x – 2) (5x – 7)
+ +
–
7/5 2

 7 7 
By the sign scheme, we can say that, f(x) is strictly increase in   ,   (2, ) and strictly decreases in  5 ,2 
 5  

4. Given f(x) = 2x3 – 3x2 + 6x + 10

 f '(x) = 6x2 – 6x + 6
= 6(x2 – x + 2) > 0, for all x in R

5. Given f(x) = 2x3 + 3x2 + 12x + 20

f '(x) = 6x2 + 6x + 2
= 6(x2 + x + 2) > 0 for all x in R.
Thus, f(x) is strictly increases in (– , )

[1]
3
 Monotonicity

X 2
6. Given f(x) = + 10. Given f(x) = coC 1 x - log(x + �)
2 x
x2 - 4 f'(x) = _1_ - 1
J'(x) = .!_ _ 22 = 1 +
2 x 2x2 . 1 + x2 (x + �)

(x - 2)(x + 2) (x+�)
= x-----
2x 2
�
+ + _l_ _1_
f'(x) = 1+ - >0\/xER
-2 0 2 1 + x 2 �x 2 + 1
Thus, f(x) is strictly increases in (-=, =)
By the sign scheme, we can say that, f(x) is strictly
increases in (- -2) u (2, =)and strictly decreases
00, 11. Given f(x) = -x2 + mx + 1
in (-2, 0) u (0, 2) ==> f'(x) = -2x + m
7. Given f(x) = Sx312 - 3x512, x >0 SiHce f is strictly increasing, so f'(x) >0
-2x + m >0
J'(x) = 15x 112 - 15x 312
==> m >2x
= 15...Jx(l - x) -15...Jx(x - 1)
m >2, \j X E [1, 2)
+ Hence, the least value of m is 2.
12. Given f(x) = sinx - bx + c
By the sign scheme, we can say that, f(x) is strictly ==> f'(x) = COSX - b
increases in (0, 1) and strictly decreases in (1, =) Since f is strictly decreasing, so f < 0
==> cosx - b < 0
8. Given f(x) = log(x + fIJ)
==> b >cosx
1 1 x 2x ==> b>l
f'(x) = (1 +
)
(x + �x 2
+ 1) 2 �x
2
+ 1 Hence, b E (1, =)

x 1 13. Given f(x) = e2x - (a + l)ex + 2x

f'(x)= (l+- -)
(x+�) � ==> f'(x) = 2e 2x
- (a + l)e x
+ 2

= 2(ex)2 - (a+ l)ex+2

1 � +x Since f is strictly increasing, so f'(x) > 0
( )
x +
2
1) �
==> 2(ex)2 - (a + l)ex + 2 >0
1
= >0\/xER 2ex - (a+ l)ex+ 1_x >0
� e
2 ( ex + :x ) - (a+1) >0
Thus, f(x) is strictly increases in (-=, =)

X
9. Given f(x) =-
1ogx
(a + 1)<2.2 = 4
1ogx - 1
f'(x) =--­2
(logx ) a<3
Hence, the value of a is E (-=, 3 )
+
2
- 1) 3
0 e 14. Given f(x) =( a x +(a - l )x 2 + 2x+ 1
3
By the sign scheme, we can say that, f(x) is strictly 2
- 1) 2
increases in (e, oo) and strictly decreases in (0, e). f'(x) = 3( a x + 2(a - l)x + 2
3

4
 Monotonicity

=> f'(x) = (a 2 - l)x2 + 2(a - l)x + 2 Since x = -3, 3 are not an interior point of the domain
off, so x = -3, 3 are not the critical point off
Since f is strictly increasing, so f'(x) > 0
Thus, the critical points off are x = 1 and 9.
=> (a2 - l)x2 + 2(a - l)x + 2 > 0
18. Given f(x) = x4!5 (x - 4)2
=> (a2 - 1) > 0 & 4 (a - 1)2 - 8 (a2 - 1) < 0
=> a2 > l & (a - 1)2 2(a2 - 1) < 0 => f'(x) = 2x415 (x - 4) 2
+ �
5x l/5 (x - 4)
-

=> (a + l)(a - 1) > 0 & (a + 3)(a - 1) > 0

IOx(x - 4) + 4(x - 4)2
=> a E (-oo, -1) U (1, oo) f'(x) = 5x 115
and a E (-oo, -3) U (1, oo)
(x - 4) (10x + 4x - 16)
Hence, the values of a are a E (-oo, -3) u (1, oo) f'(x) = 5x11s
15. Given f(x)_= (a + 2)x3 - 3ax2 + 9ax - 1 2(x - 4) ( 7x - 8)
=> f'(x) =
=> f'(x) = 3 (a + 2)x 2
- 6ax + 9a 5x 11s
Since f is strictly decreasing for all x in R, so Also, D1= R
f'(x) < 0
2
Thus, the critical points off are x = 0, l 4
=> 3(a + 2)x - 6ax + 9a < 0 19. Given f(x) = X +COS-IX+ 1
2
=> (a + 2)x - 2ax + 3a < 0
=> f'(x) = __!___=:_l_
Thus, (a + 2) < 0 and 4a2 - 12a (a + 2) < 0 �2

=>
=>
a < -2 and a2
.,,a < -2 & a(a + 3) > 0
- 3a(a + 2) < 0
Now, f'(x) = 0 => 1 - Q 1 - x2
=0

=> a E (-oo, -2) & a E (-oo, -3) ( 0, oo) 1

U => _ _ =l
�2
Thus, a E (-oo, -3)
ex => X= 0.
16. Given f(x) = -
x- 1 Also, D 1= [-1, 1]
x x x
(x-l)e -e ·l e (x - 2) Thus, the critical points of 'f' is x = 0.
=> f'(x) = 2
= 2
(x - 1) (x - 1)
20. Given f(x) = �x2 � 6x + 15
Also, D1 = R - {l}
1
Since x = 1 is not an interior point in the domain of f'(x) = x (2x - 6)
f, so, x = 1 is not a critical point off 2�x 2
- 6x + 15
1
Thos, the critical point off is x = 2. f'(x) = x 2(x - 3)
2 �x 2
- 6x + 15
. 5x2 - 18x + 45
17 . GIVen f( x) = -----
x2 - 9
(x - 3)
f'(x) = -;=: = = = = =
�x2 - 6x + 15
, (x2 - 9) (IOx - 18) - ( 5x2 - 18x + 45) · 2x
=> f (x) = -----------­ Also
(x2 - 9)2
Thus, the critical points off is x = 3.
, 18 (x2 - 10 + 9)
=> f (x) = ---- ­ 21. Given f(x) = 2x2 -ln lxl
(x2 - 9)2
4x2 - 1
, 18(x - l)(x - 9) f'(x) = 4x - .!
X
= X
=> f (x) =
(x2 - 9)2
(2x - 1)(2x + 1)
=
Also, X

5
 Monotonicity

+ + Thus f(x) is strictly decreases in (-1, 1)

-1/2 0 1/2 Now, f(-1) = -1 + 3 - 1 = 1 > 0

and f(l ) = 1 - 3 - 1 = -2 < 0
By the sign scheme for f'(x), we have,f(x) is increas-
Thus, the curve y = f(x) = x3 - 3x - 1 will cut the
ing in[-½, 0) u [ ½, 00) and decreasing in (-oo, -½] x-axis exactly one point in (-1, 1)
2

u( 0, ½]-
25. Let f(x) = ex - 1 - x - �
2
f'(x),:,, ex - 1 - x < 0, \Ix E (-1, 1)
2
22. Given f(x) = Ix - 11/x
Thus , f(x) is strictly decreases in (-1, 1)

l
-1
X
=1 1
X �1

f(x) = {
7 �-7 Now,
1
f(-1) = -
e - 1 +
1 1 1
1 -- = -
e - -<0
1 -x = l _ .!_ 2 2
_ : X <1
2
x x2
x 1 5
and f(l ) = e - I - 1 - - = e - - > 0
2 2
2 x
--;-+�= � : x�l 2
X X X Thus, the equation ex = l + x + ; has a real root
f'(x) =
2 1 = x-2 in (-1, 1)
--+- -- : x<l
x3
x2 x3 26. As we know that tan- 1 x & e X , both are strictly
increasing for all x in R.
+ +
Therefore f(x) = tan- 1 (ex ) is strictly increasing for
0 2 all x in R.
27. As we know that tan- 1 x is strictly increasing for
00,
By the· sign scheme for the function f'(x), we have
f(x) is increasing in (- 0) u [1, 2] and decreases
all x in R and (log l/3x) is strictly decreasing for all
oo).
+
XE R .
in (0, 1] u [2,
Therefore, f(x) = tan-' (log 113 x) is strictly decreasing
23. Given f(x) = x2 e-x,ta\ a > O for all x ER.
As we know that coC I x is strictly decreasing for all
(
28.
- 2! 2 2x
f'(x) = 2 xe x a
-x2/a2
x ·e x in R and (log4 x) is increasing for all x ER+ .
2
+ x --2 )
a Therefore, f(x) = coC 1 (log4 x) is strictly decreasing
2) for all x E R +.
= 2xe-:c/a- 1- :
? ? (

2
29. As we know that (log 1110 x) is strictly decreasing
for all x E R + and (coC 1 x) is strictly decreasing for
(x - a)(x + a)
= -2xe-x'la' ( ) all x.
a2 Thus f(x) = coC 1 (log 1 110 x) is strictly increasing for
all X > 0.
= (-:2 ) e-x ta' x x(x - a)(x + a)
2

30. Let f(x) = 3x - x2 and g (x) = "-Ix

+ + Now, f'(x) = 3 - 2x

-a a By the sign scheme, f is strictly inc. in (-oo, ½) and

½, oo ).
0

strictly decreasing in (
Now, by the sign scheme for the function f'(x), we
have f(x) is increases in (- -a] u [O, a] 00, Also, g is srictly increasing in [O, oo).
24. Given x3 = 3x + 1
Now, D1 = [O, 3]
Let 3
f(x) = x - 3x - 1 Thus, the function y = �3x - x2 is strictly increasing
f'(x) = 3x2 - 3 = 3(x2 - 1) in ( 0, ½) and strictly decreasing in (½, 2).
2
==} f'(x) = 3 (x - 1) < 0, \/ x E (-1, 1)

6
 Monotonicity

31. Let g(x) = tan- 1 and h(x) = (sinx+ cosx) n Src

2nrc+ <x< 2nrc+
4 4
Now, h'(x) = (cosx - sinx)
n Src
2nrc+ < logx< 2nrc+
= 'll(�cosx - �sinx) 4 4
n:
(2nn:+ !!. ) ( nn:+ S )
e 4<x<e 2 4
= 'llcos(x+ �)
34. Let g(x) = logex and h(x) = cosx
h(x) is strictly increasing if h'(x) > 0
Here, g (x) is strictly increases for all x > 0
=} 'il COS ( X+ �) >0 Also, h (x) is strictly decreases in (0, re)
Again, for the domain of the function, cosx > 0
cos( x+ �) > 0
XE (0,
=} �)

Therefore, the function f(x) is strictly decreases in

re re Src 7rc
-- < x<- and -< x <-
4 4 4 4
Thus, the given function f(x) is strictly increases in 35. Let g(x) = sinx+ cosx and h(x) = sinx
re 3rc
(4,
Src 7rc . . .
4 ) u (4, 4 ) and stnct 1y decreasmg m (o re
, 4) Now, g'(x) = cosx - sinx

3n Src 7rc = 'il COS ( X+ �)

u (4, 4 ) u (4, 2rc) .

32. Let g(x) = -f-

loox
and h(x) = Iogx
When g'(x) > 0. 'll cos (x+ �) > 0

1 - logx -�< (x+ �) <�

Now, g'(x) = 2
X
'TC --
< X <---
-- 'TC 'TC 'TC
By the sign scheme, g (x) is strictly increasing m 2 4 2 4
(0, e) and strictly decreasing in (e, 00) 3rc re
-- < X< -
Also, h (x) is strictly increasing for all x > 0. 2 4
Also, D1 = (I, 00) When 'T( 'T( 3rc
g (x) <0, 2< ( X+ ) <
I

4 2
Thus, f(x) is strictly increasing in (1, e)
re -
-- re 3rc re
and strictly decreasing in (e, 00) <x<---
2 4 2 4
33. Let • g(x) = sinx+ cosx and h(x) = logx
re
- Src
Since h(x) is an increasing function, f(x) will be <x<-
4 4
decreases if g(x) decreases.
Now, g'(x) = cosx - sinx Thus, f(x) is strictly increases in (0, �) and strict! '

decreasing in ( �' re).

f(x) = log (1+ x) - x+ x

2
36. Let
2
f'(x) = _l_ - 1 +
1+ X
X
Since g(x) decreases, so g'(x) <0
1
f'(x) = - - - (1 - x)
cos( x+ �) <0 1+ X

re re 3n l - 1+ x2 x2
2nrc+ 2< (x+ ) < 2nrc+ f'(x) = --- = > 0 \f E
l+x
X
4 2 x+I

7
 Monotonicity

=> f(x) is strictly increasing in (0, 00)

40. Let f(x)= 1 + xlog(x + �x 2+ 1) - �l + x 2
Thus f(x) > f(0)
x2 f'(x) =log(x + �)+ (
=> log(1+ x) - x + >0 �)
2 x+ x 2+ 1
x2 x
+
(1 �x2 + l) - �1: x 2
=> log(1+ x) > x -
2
Hence, the result.
f'(x) =log(x + �)+
37. Consider f(x)= log(1+ x) - � �2
1+ x
x+ l
1 1 ----
=> J'{x) = _ _ _ �2
1 + X '(x + 1)2
X+ l - 1 = f' (x) =log(x + �)
=> f'(x) =
X
2
(x + 1) (x + 1)2
f'(x)=log(x+ �) � 0, \:Ix� 0
=> f'(x) > 0 for all x > 0
Thus, f(x) is increasing in [0, 00)
Thus, f(x) is strictly increasing
f(x) � f(0)
=> f(x) > f(0)
X 1 + xlog(x + �) - �x 2+ 1 � 0
=> log(l+ x) - -- > 0
X + 1

X => 1 + xlog(x + �) � �
=> log(1+x) > -- for all x > 0
X + 1 Hence, the result.
Hence, the result. 41. Let f(x)= x - sinx
38. Let f(x)=(l+x)log(l+ x) - ex+ 1 => f' (x)= � - COSX > 0, \:IX E ( 0, i)
(1+ X)
=> f (x)= --+ log(l+ x) · 1 - e
i)
1 X

(1+ )x Thus, f(x) is strictly increasing in ( 0,

=> f'(x)= 1 + log(l+ )
x -�
=> f(x) > f(0).
=> f'(x) < 0 for all x < 0 => X - sinx > 0
Thus, f(x) is strictly decreasing function
=> x > sinx
=> f'(x) < f(0) ·
=> cosx < cos(sinx) ... (i)
=>

=>
(1+x)log(l+ x)- ex + 1 < 0

(1+ x)log(l + x) < ex -1

Also, for all x in ( 0, g), 0 < cosx < 1
=> cosx < 1
Hence, t he result.
. => cosx > sin(cosx) ...(ii)
39. We have f(x)= 2x tan- 1 x - log(l + x 2)
From (i) and (ii), w e get,
2x
-1 2x
=> x =2 tan x+ --2
!' () -
-- sin(cosx) < cosx < cos(sinx)
l+x l+x 2
42. Given f(x)=logx - Bx 2
=> f' (x)=2 tan- 1 x > 0 for all x in R +
l - 2Bx 2
Thus, f(x) is strictly increasing in R+ => f' (x)=.!_
X
_ 2Bx = X
=> f(x) > f(0) The critical points. of 'f' are
=> 1 1_
x=0-___
'm' m
k)
=> 2x tan -1 x > log(l+ x 2)
Now, f' (x) > 0, \:Ix E ( 0,
Hence, t he result.

8
 Monotonicity

and j' (x) < 0, \;fx E ( �' oo) f" (x) = 20x3
f'" (x) = 60x2 is exists for all x
Now, logx < Bx2 for x > 0

=
Now, f"(x) = 0 g ives x = 0
1
It holds good for x = .
-J2B By the sign scheme for f" (x) = 0, we have, f(x) is
concave down in 0) and concave up in (0,
(-oo, oo).
( 1 ) 1 1
Thus log ,filf < B, = 45 . We have f(x) = x4 5x3 15x 2
+ 30
2B 2 - -

� -log(m) < ½ � f'(x) = 4x3 - 15x2 - 30x

-½
2
� f" (x) = 12x - 30x - 30
� log(m) <
Now, f" (x) = 0 gives 12x2 - 30x - 30 = 0

m < e- 2
l
� � 6x2 - 15x - 15 = 0
2
� 2x - 5x - 5 = 0
� 2B < e- 1

� B>- x= 5 ± -/2 5 + 40
2e 4
5 ±8 13 3
Thus, the least. value of B is _!_ X = - - = 4' -4
2e 4

43. Let j(x) = ax2 + f-c By the sign scheme for the function J" (x), the func

f'(x) = 2ax - .!!_2

tion f(x) is concave down in (-¾, �) and conca�
x
b
up in (-oo, -¾}u (�, oo)
Now, j'(x) = 0 gives 2ax - = 0
X
2
46. We have f(x) = (sinx + cosx) ex
2ax 3 = b f'(x) = (sinx + cosx) ex + ex (cosx - sinJ x
3 f'(x) = ex (sinx + cosx + cosx - sinx)
X = ( )
� ;a " f'(x) = 2e cosx x
113
Thus, the least value of f(x) occurs at x = (: ) j"(x) = 2 (ex cosx - ex sinx)
a

we have a
{b }2/3
+
b f" (x) = 2ex (cosx - sinx)
2a 113 :2: c Now, j"(x) = 0 gives 2ex (cosx - sinx) = 0
{ :a }
� tanx =- 1
�· b
a( )
2a
+ b c ( )
b "3
:2: · 2a � x=4n' Sn
4
(3b) :2: }!__c2
3 By the sign scheme for the function f" (x) = 0,
�
2
2 7b3
2a
have f(x) is concave down in (¾, 5:) and
�
8
:2: }!_. c2
2a up in ( O, ¾} u ( 5;, 2n)
� 27b2 a :2: 4c3
47. Given curve is y = f(x) = Ax2 + Bx + C
2 3
� 27ab :2: 4c f'(x) = 2Ax + B
Hence, the result. j" (x) = 2A
44. We have f(x) = x5 + 5x - 6 Thus, the curve concave up if f" (x) > 0 and concave
down if f" (x) < 0 i.e. concave up if A > 0 ; concave
� f'(x) = 5x4 + 5 cave down if A < 0.

9
 Monotonicity

( 2 2
48. We have f(x) = x4 - 4x 3 + x - 10 � f"(x) = -2 e-x · l + x-e-x ·(-2x) )
� f'(x) = 4x3 12x2 + 1
- � f"(x) = 2e-x\2x 2 - 1)
� f"(x) = l2x 2
- 24x = 12x (x - 2)
Now, f"(x) = 0 gives 2e-x (2x2 - 1) = 0
2

Now, f"(x) = 0 gives x = 0 and x = 2.

when = 0, y = -10 � x=+_l_
X
- -Ji
when x = 2, y = - 24 1 _.!. 1
when x=-y=e 2 =-
Thus, the point of inflection are (0, 10) and -f2' -ve
(2, -24) _.!.
49. We have y = f(x) = (x - 2)213 + 10
2
when
1
X = --, y = e 2 = -·
-12
1
*
:;:::} f'(x) = �(x - 2)- 113 = Thus, the point of inflection are
3 3(.x - 2/'3
2
� f"(x) = 4'3
9(.x - 2)
Thus, f"(x) does not exist at x = 2.
when · x = 2, ·y = 0 + 10 = 10
Thus, the inflection point is (2, 10)
50. We have f(x) = x4 - 6x 3 + 12x2 - 8x + 3

� f'(x) = 4x3 - 18x2 + 24x - 8

� J"(x) = 12x2 - 36x + 24
= 12 (x - 3x 2
+ 2)
= 12(x - l)(x - 2)
Now, f" (x) = 0 gives x = 1, 2
when x = l, y = 2
when x = 2, y = 3
Thus, the point of inflection are (1, 2) and (2, 3).
1
51. Given y =f(x) = x 2 - -3
6-x
1
� f'(x) = 2x + --
2x4

� f"(x) = 2 - 2S
X

Now, f"(x) = 0 gives 2 - 2S = 0

X
Thus, X = l
5
when x·= 1, y =
6
Thus, the point of inflection is ( 1, ¾ ).
52. We have y = f(x) = e-2
� f'(x) = e-x x -2x
2

� f'(x)=-2e-x xx
2

10