The document discusses welding symbols and power sources for welding. It provides examples of common welding symbols like butt joints, T-joints, and corner joints. It also demonstrates how to interpret welding symbols including weld size, location, joint preparation, and sequence of operations. Additionally, it categorizes common power sources as welding transformers, rectifiers, generators, and inverters. Finally, it discusses open circuit voltage and the historical development of different welding power units from converting mains supply voltage.
The document discusses welding symbols and power sources for welding. It provides examples of common welding symbols like butt joints, T-joints, and corner joints. It also demonstrates how to interpret welding symbols including weld size, location, joint preparation, and sequence of operations. Additionally, it categorizes common power sources as welding transformers, rectifiers, generators, and inverters. Finally, it discusses open circuit voltage and the historical development of different welding power units from converting mains supply voltage.
The document discusses welding symbols and power sources for welding. It provides examples of common welding symbols like butt joints, T-joints, and corner joints. It also demonstrates how to interpret welding symbols including weld size, location, joint preparation, and sequence of operations. Additionally, it categorizes common power sources as welding transformers, rectifiers, generators, and inverters. Finally, it discusses open circuit voltage and the historical development of different welding power units from converting mains supply voltage.
The document discusses welding symbols and power sources for welding. It provides examples of common welding symbols like butt joints, T-joints, and corner joints. It also demonstrates how to interpret welding symbols including weld size, location, joint preparation, and sequence of operations. Additionally, it categorizes common power sources as welding transformers, rectifiers, generators, and inverters. Finally, it discusses open circuit voltage and the historical development of different welding power units from converting mains supply voltage.
Department of Mechanical Engineering IIT Guwahati Contents Generalized Welding Symbol Different examples of weld symbol Some important notes
2 Generalized Welding Symbol
3 Generalized Welding Symbol Contd….
4 Weld Symbols (Butt Joints)
5 Weld Symbol (T- Joints)
6 Weld Symbol (Corner Joints)
7 A few extra symbol parts
Some other welding symbols
8 Basic Weld Symbols
9 Example Welding Symbol
10 Example Problem
5/9 inch Fillet Weld
as shown Start with Arrow Side
11 Example Problem Cont.…
3/5 inch Fillet Weld
as shown Start with Arrow Side
12 Example Problem Cont… Reinforcement with Melt - Through
13 Multiple Reference Lines In case of a sequence of operations First operation is closest to the arrow
14 Example Problem Contd… Depth of penetration (Arrow side) = 3/5’’ Depth of penetration (Arrow side) = 3/5’’ Root opening = 1/14’’ Groove angle (Arrow side) = 65° Groove angle (Other side) = 60° Fist weld specification is CJP 2nd weld specification is GTSM
15 Extra Important Notes The Arrow • A straight arrow is used for weld locations.
• A broken-arrow line is used for joint preparation and breaks
toward the piece that is to be beveled.
16 Example Problem Cont…
17 Extra Important Notes
No measurement on depth, the Bevel goes all the way to the other side
The throat measurement will be given in the left of the weld symbol
The effective throat measurement will be given in parentheses, left of the
18 weld symbol Extra Important Notes Surfacing and Hard facing Welds – Welds that are applied to areas that need to be built up or need hard facing to prevent wear. The height of the weld will be indicated to the left of the weld symbol.
19 Extra Important Notes Back and Backing Welds: A Backing weld will be made on the opposite side of a groove before the groove weld is made and will also appear on the opposite side of the reference line. It will also be noted in the tail as to be a Backing weld.
A Back weld will be made on the opposite side of a groove weld
after the groove weld and will also appear on the opposite side of the reference line. It will also be noted in the tail as to be a Back weld.
20 Extra Important Notes Additional reference lines are used to present a sequence of welds or operations to be preformed. Additional references can be made in two ways, like by drawing another reference line or stacking symbols.
21 Welding Power Sources
22 Types of electric discharges
NON SUSTAINABLE SUSTAINABLE SUSTAINABLE
24 Introduction POWER SOURCES are apparatuses that are used to supply current and voltage that are suitable for particular welding processes.
Arc Welding Power Sources
Arc welding requires that an electric arc be established between an electrode and the workpiece to produce the heat needed for melting the base plate. Because utility energy is not delivered at the proper voltage and current, it must be converted to the required levels by the welding power source. Arc power sources convert the customary 240 or 480 V alternating current (ac) utility power to a range from 20 to 80 V and simultaneously increase the current proportionately. Motor- or engine-driven welding generators are wound to deliver the correct voltage and current directly; therefore, no transformer is necessary. Categories of Power Sources
The conventional welding power sources (based on power supply):
Power Source Supply
(i) Welding Transformer AC (ii) Welding Rectifier DC AC or DC (Depending on (iii) Welding Generators generator)
(iv) Inverter type DC
Open-Circuit Voltage Open-Circuit Voltage (OCV): When no load is connected to the output terminals of a welding power source, the voltage that appears at the terminals is at its maximum.
A high OCV value generally uses in arc starting and stability.
In transformer-type power sources, OCV is established by the
incoming utility line voltage and the transformer primary-to secondary turns ratio.
The open circuit voltage normally ranges between 70-90 V in case
of welding transformers. In case of rectifiers it is 50-80 V.
However, welding voltages are lower as compared to open circuit
voltage of the power source. History of welding power units The welding power unit converts the high voltage of the mains supply to a nonhazardous level. Figure below shows the historical development of different welding power units.
Fig: Development of different welding power units.
