ANSYS Mechanical

Highlights
Agenda
• Mechanical Interface • General Axisymmetric
• Mechanical Core • Composites
• External Model • Contact
• Topology Optimization • MAPDL Solver
• SMART Fracture • Elements
• Rigid Body Dynamics • Multilinear Elastic Materials
• Linear Dynamics • Material Designer
• Substructuring • Acoustics & NVH
• Explicit Dynamics • AQWA
• Post Processing • Additive Manufacturing
Mechanical Interface
New Ribbon Interface
• To improve usability, Mechanical now organizes its tools and commands using a contextual ribbon. Similar
commands are organized together in Tabs, making the interface faster to use, more intuitive, and helpful.
• Additions like the Quick Launch option, expanded Tool Tips and customizable Graphics Toolbar improve
discoverability as well as usability.
 File Tab

• The File tab contains a variety of options for managing your project, exporting data, making changes to
default application settings and setting up how you want your simulation to run.

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 Quick Launch
• The Quick Launch tool enables you to quickly search for a desired feature or interface option and
automatically insert or launch the desired item or highlight the pertinent interface option (Take me there).

• Results display for three categories: Ribbon, Context Tab, and Preferences.

6
 Key Assignments

• Mechanical Hotkeys are now contained in the Key Assignments window.

• Accessible from the Tools group on the Home tab.
• Most keyboard key and key combination shortcuts available in the application can
now be customized.
• Import and Export options are available.
• In addition, selecting the [Alt] key displays additional keyboard selection options.

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 Manage Interface Layouts

• Users often take the time to position the various interface windows and panes of their simulation in a
specific manner.
• You can now save your window layout configurations using the Store Layout option of the User
Defined drop-down menu on the Home tab.
• Stored layouts can be applied to the interface at any point.

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 User Buttons

• Mechanical now enables you to add buttons to the Automation tab that can perform specific actions based
on Mechanical’s scripting API.
• Using the Manage option of the User Buttons group of the Automation tab, you can create, edit, and
manage User Defined buttons.
• An icon can be assigned to each button.

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 Selection options

• New options are available in the Graphics window to quick apply the current selection as the scoping for the
active object
• In addition, when applicable, options also allow you to add to or remove from the current scoping.

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 Engineering Data in Mechanical
• A new Assignment panel in Mechanical lets you assign a material directly from Engineering Data without
being in the Engineering Data Workspace.
• You can quickly choose a favorite, recent, or project material, or you can search for a material in the available
libraries. Search for materials by Label, Library, material Model and/or material Properties.

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 Engineering Data in Mechanical

• When you select a material from the Materials folder in the Outline, you can view the data being used by
Mechanical and also access edit capabilities in the Engineering Data Workspace.

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 GRANTA Materials Data for Simulation

• The GRANTA Materials Data for Simulation product is now available (in the Mechanical interface only).
• Using the new search capability exposed for Engineering Data in Mechanical, you can quickly search for
specific materials in this library

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 Commands Object
• The commands object has been updated and now,
‐ Provides an auto-completion drop-down menu (based on character entry) as well as a tooltip banner that displays
the associated command arguments (Mechanical APDL Solver only).
‐ Provides a search feature using the Ctrl+F key combination.
‐ Includes line numbers.
‐ Displays hidden characters such as paragraph marks and spaces.
‐ Provides colored syntax highlights for entries such as fixed values, variables, comments, etc. (Mechanical APDL or
Rigid Body Dynamics solvers only).
‐ Provides integrated zoom in and zoom out options. Previously, zooming was performed using the mouse wheel.
‐ Has a preference category in the Options dialog that lets you specify the default behavior of some of the above
features.

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Mechanical Core
Outline

• NASTRAN File Export

• Mixed-Dimension Analysis
• Supports from .stl Files
• System Coupling Region
• SpaceClaim Meshing

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NASTRAN File Export
• Users can now export your simulation as a NASTRAN bulk data (.nas or .bdf)
• Supported for:
‐ Static Structural
‐ Modal
• Supported through Export Nastran File option in both context menu and context tab for the environment.

Ribbon Tab Context Menu

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NASTRAN File Export
• You can therefore set up your simulation using the capabilities that Mechanical offers, then run the simulation
with your choice of NASTRAN solver

Static Structural

Modal
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Mixed-Dimension Analysis
• Mechanical now allows combining two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) bodies in the same
model.
• This opens a new paradigm for Mechanical users to simulate their systems
• For shell bodies (only) defined in the X-Y plane, the Dimension property on the Body object lets you set the
body as either 3D (default) or 2D. Mechanical then uses this property to write the appropriate element type
(3D or 2D) to the input file.

Analysis type (Geometry

type) set to 3D in Geometry Dimension set
Workbench to 2D in Mechanical on
Sheet Body

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Mixed-Dimension Analysis
• Loads / Supports / Results can be applied to 2D bodies in a mixed analysis

Mesh Results

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Supports from .stl Files
• You can now insert supports directly from .stl files at any time prior to simulation, separate from the part
geometry. This feature is designed specifically for volume-less type of supports such as those from Additive
Prep.

Volume-less support (in blue) from an .stl file. The support's voxel hex mesh and the part's
layered tetrahedron mesh both respect the additive layers, as shown on the right.

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System Coupling Region
• A new boundary condition is available in Mechanical: System Coupling Region. This boundary condition is
equivalent to Fluid Solid Interface Boundary Condition, but is specifically designed to work with System
Coupling and allows body scoping.

Allows for:
• Body Scoping
• Face Scoping

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SpaceClaim Meshing
• Users can now generate mesh in SpaceClaim and import mesh along with geometry.
• The match controls
are transferred as
Cyclic Symmetry
region to Mechanical

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API - Extension Development Enhancements

• Objects/Loads Independent of Solution State

‐ Define objects/loads that don’t affect the solution state
‐ Any operation on these objects/loads such as insertion,
deletion, property update, etc. keeps the solution up to date.
• Body-Views for Custom Object/Loads
‐ Create objects/loads that can have body views similar to the
native connection objects.
• Custom solver that gives more freedom when working
with native loads
‐ Custom solver that is able to bypass the function evaluation of
properties on native loads, so you can use your own custom
functions for properties such as magnitude.
External Model
Abaqus composite SHELL SECTION support

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Nastran TEMP/TEMPD support (1/2)

• TEMP/ TEMPD imported as a temperature Body Load for Structural analyses.

 Nastran TEMP/TEMPD support (2/2)

• TEMP imported as temperature Constraint for Thermal analyses.

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 Nastran BSURF/BSURFS support

• BSURF imported as element component. BSURFS imported as element face component.

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Topology Optimization
Outline

• Level set based Topology Optimization methodology

• SIMP based Topology Optimization of Thermal Stress analysis
• SIMP based Topology Optimization of Reaction forced based on the maximum value computed from the
summation of reaction force
• Parameterization of constraints and optimization input parameters
• Include Exclusions effect for AM Overhang angle constraint ( Beta)
• Lattice optimization is supported with Linux

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Thermal Stress Optimization ( SIMP )

• Topology optimization supports optimization of combined Static Structural and Steady-State Thermal analyses.
This implies that Compliance and Thermal Compliance together can be applied as an Objective

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Thermal Stress Optimization ( SIMP ) continued…

• Structural constraints (Global Von-Mises, Local Von-Mises, Displacement, and Reaction Force) and Thermal
constraint (Temperature) can be applied together for optimization

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Optimization of Sum of Reaction force ( SIMP)

• The Criteria property is exposed on Reaction Force Response Constraint when it is scoped to more than one
node. It takes two option “Sum Maximum”( default) and “Normalized Maximum”. The “Sum Maximum” specify
the maximum value based on the summation of the reaction forces from all of the selected nodes and
“Normalized Maximum” is based on the normalized value of the reaction force extracted from each selected
node

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Parametrization of Input parameters( SIMP)

• The Temperature property of the Temperature Constraint, the Overhang Angle of the AM Overhang
Constraint, as well as the following Analysis Settings properties can now be parametrized during Topology
Optimization analyses. “Maximum Number Of Iterations”, “Minimum Normalized Density”, “Convergence
Accuracy” and “Penalty Factor”

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AM Overhang angle constraint to include Exclusions ( SIMP) Beta

• Beta feature: Exclusions can now be part of AM Overhang angle constraint by enabling “Region of AM
Overhang Angle Constraint (Beta)” property on Analysis settings to “Include Exclusions”. “Exclude Exclusions”
setting is the default.

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Level-Set Based Topology Optimization
Level-Set based Topology Optimization

• Density-based method suffer from lack of properly defined boundary

‐ Forces the designer to interpretation of a poorly defined geometry
• Level-set-based method “pushes” the boundaries
‐ Result is a water-tight smooth surface, ready for re-analysis, printing or re-CADing

Density-based optimization for various Level Set-based optimization in

commercial products ANSYS Mechanical and Discovery Live
 All 3d elements are managed


min 
Compliance
( P )  Mass  50% 211733
Tetras
 f  4000 Hz
 0
1st freq

Analysis at stake + Optim problem Mesh Solution

26844 elements
(Hex dominant)
Manufacturing constraint: pull-out

min Compliance
( P)  
Volume  Vmax
No molding

Linear static analysis (loads+acceleration)

min Compliance
 
( P ) Volume  Vmax

d molding = ( 0, 0,1) with molding
Displacement-based criterion

min Mass
( P)  
compliance  Cmax

In very specific contexts,

displacment-based and
compliance based formulations
are equivalent.

But displacement-based
Linear static analysis criterion are more helpful to
precisely formulate its own
optimized result.
min Mass
 
( P)  1
 disp =  u z ( x ) dx  U max
 C C
 Manufacturing constraint: max thickness

Tetra mesh
min Compliance
 
( P )  Mass  Cmax
 MaxThickness  d
 max

even more severe

No max thickness with max thickness
max thickness
hexa mesh

Linear static analysis

And other results ……
Best Practices
& Observations

➢ Mesh Specifications
▪ Try to use a uniform mesh (i.e. homogeneous element size). It enables to capture the design with a uniform precision everywhere.
▪ Make sure that you have a sufficiently fine mesh. If the final design shows geometric features as thick as the element size, it means that
the mesh is not fine enough to capture the necessary geometric details (see the pictures: 238,000 tetrahedra on the left versus 950,000
on the right).

➢ Static Structural Analysis

▪ It is recommended to specify an "exclusion zone” around the loads (surface or nodal)
▪ In order to fulfil the constraints you have defined, the algorithm sometimes chooses to save material by disconnecting clamped parts
and/or to reinforce others.
▪ It is recommended not to put a stress constraint alone but in combination with a stiffness criterion (nodal displacement, compliance,...).

➢ Modal Analysis
▪ You can control an eigenmode whose frequency keeps the same ranking during the optimization process. If the ranking changes, the
algorithm may face some difficulty.
 (3) Validate your solution
Back to validation - Export a STL
- Mesh
- Analysis settings
- Evaluation

(1) Define your analysis at stake

(2) Define and solve your optimum pb
Exposure in Workbench
SMART Fracture
Outline of SMART Crack growth features

• Support multiple Crack Growth using SMART methodology

• Evaluation of SIFS and J-integral results for all cracks in the model

• Newly supported options

‐ Multiple Load Steps
‐ Thermal load

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Multiple Crack growth using SMART

• Support multiple Crack Growth using SMART methodology. The user can add
multiple Crack object ( Arbitrary/Semi-Elliptical/Pre-Meshed crack) and SMART Crack
Growth object in the model and associate each Crack object to its respective
SMART Crack Growth object

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Fracture parameter computation of all cracks

• Fracture Tool support option for Single Crack and All Cracks present in the model. For “All Cracks” selection, the
graphics window and details view show the results including the effect of all cracks present in the model

Details view of Minimum and

Maximum is shown for “All Cracks” Graphics window shows this Max value for “All Cracks”

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Fracture parameter computation of all cracks ( Continued…)

• For “All Cracks” selection, fracture parameter result has crack selection option for Graph display and Tabular
data. And only for the selected crack, the values will be displayed in the Graph and Tabular data

Details view for “All Cracks” selection

Graph and Tabular data is displayed only for the selected
Arbitrary crack from the details view

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An example of Multiple Crack growth using Pre-Meshed crack

• In this example, four Pre-Meshed cracks are inserted with its associated SMART crack growth object and the
crack growth simulation is done

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Beta features for SMART Crack Growth

• Thermal loads which include Thermal Condition and Imported Temperature

• Multiple load steps

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Rigid Body Dynamics - RBD
New Joints New joint types have been added for the
Rigid Body Dynamics system:
• Screw
• Constant velocity
• Distance

Screw

Constant Velocity
(homokinetic/Cv)
Distance
Linear Dynamics
Substructuring/Component Mode Synthesis (CMS)
Goal: Support CMS exposure in Mechanical – Improve the performances of the expansion pass

• In ANSYS 18.0, a new method for the element results calculation (such as stresses) is provided for fixed-
interface method (CMSMETH = FIX and ELCALC = YES on CMSOPT). It is based on the combination of static
constraint and normal modes element results and can significantly reduce the time required for the CMS
expansion pass.
• In ANSYS 2019R2, this method is supported by the remaining CMS methods:
‐ free-interface method (CMSMETH = FREE)
‐ residual-flexible free-interface method (CMSMETH = RFFB)

Note that for FIX and FREE methods,

element results of static
correction vectors associated with the
scaled reduced load
vectors are included.
 Bearing Modeling – FLUID218
Goal: Extend the applicability of FLUID218 to simulate non-cylindrical bearings
• In ANSYS 2019R2, the clearance can be different for each FLUID218 node to support the analysis of:

‐ Elliptic bearing
‐ Multilobe bearing
‐ Split-halves bearing

Pressure Plot
showing the gaps
due to different
bearing shapes
represented by
FLUID218

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Constant Structural Damping Co-efficient (DMPSTR)

• Supports Constant Structural Damping Coefficient (DMPSTR) in Modal analysis

‐ Full Damped Solver
‐ Reduced Damped Solver with Store Complex Solution set to Yes
‐ Unsymmetric solver

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Eqv. Damping Ratio from Modal

• MSUP Harmonic and MSUP Transient supports the “No” option specified for Eqv. Damping Ratio from Modal
property. When set to “No”, the solution will ignore the material dependent damping specified in the
Engineering data.

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Eqv. Damping Ratio from Modal ( Continued)

• Eqv. Damping ratio when set to “No” is now supported for

‐ Harmonic Response Analysis linked to Reduced Damped Modal Analysis with Store
Complex Solution set to No
‐ Transient Structural Analysis linked to Reduced Damped Modal Analysis with Store
Complex Solution set to No

Previously Mechanical used to give this error. Now

mechanical will support the “No” option and
ignore the material dependent damping ratio by
issuing MPDELE, DMPR, materialId command
during solution

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Frequency Display for Modal analysis

• Frequency Display property is shown on Solution folder of Modal analysis when the Solver Type property
(Analysis Settings) is set to Full Damped

The property takes two Options

Program Controlled (default)
The results evaluation treats complex frequencies as complex
conjugate pairs.
All
The results evaluation is carried out on all the frequencies
extracted from the modal solution, that may or may not be
conjugate pair.
Increases the number of results sets and listings of the
frequencies in the Tabular Data window even if a lower number
of modes is requested.

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Frequency Display for Modal Analysis ( Continued...)
• For example, when 6 Modes are requested in Analysis Settings:
• Frequency Display – Program Controlled

6 modes in
evaluation

6 modes in chart
and tabular data
Frequency Display for Modal analysis ( Continued...)
• For example, when 6 Modes are requested in Analysis Settings:
• Frequency Display – All

12 modes in
evaluation

12 modes in chart
and tabular data
Output controls and Result file compression

• Additional output controls added which provides granular controls

on the outputs written to the result file. The defaults for these
controls have been chosen carefully based on analysis and physics
type.
❖ Surface Stress
❖ Back Stress
❖ Contact Data
❖ Nonlinear data
❖ Result File Compression
❖ Element Current Density
❖ Electromagnetic Nodal Force
❖ Heat Generation Rate
❖ Result File Compression

• The Result File Compression controls the compression level for the
result file with the following options
• Program Controlled
• Sparse
• Off

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Accumulated Equivalent Plastic Strain

• Accumulated Equivalent Plastic Strain is available under strain results when using a multilinear plasticity
material model. This result is the summation of the Equivalent Plastic Strain Increments for each step

66
Bolt Pretension Solve Behavior option

• Solve Behavior option of “Combined” (default) and “Individual” is exposed. With “Individual” option selected,
the user can create one Bolt Pretension object for multiple Body selection instead of those many objects

With “Individual” option,

only one object is required

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NLAD features

• Supports Normal Lagrange and MPC contact for Non linear Adaptive Region
• Nonlinear Adaptive Aggressive Remeshing is supported

68
Program controlled option for Stabilization

• The Stabilization property in the Nonlinear Controls of Analysis Settings has a new option 'Program Controlled'.
This will be the default option for the property and will not send stabilize command to solver. This lets MAPDL
solver decide the default. Previously, the default value for this property was 'Off'.

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Substructuring (CMS)
Outline

• Multiple rows can de deleted together from the Interface Worksheet of the Condensed Part
• Mesh modifications made to model not contained within Condensed Part will not require regeneration of
Condensed Part
• Distributed ANSYS is supported for the Generation of Condensed Part

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Usability Workflow Improvement

• Deletion of multiple rows from the Condensed Part Worksheet

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Workflow Improvement

• Mesh modification to model definition not contained within condensed part will not require re-generation of
Condensed Part

Example: The mesh method on non-

condensed part is modified and it
obsoletes the mesh for that part. But the
Condensed Parts remains in up to date
status as no modifications occurred for
these condensed parts

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Distributed Ansys for generation of Condensed Part

• Supports Distributed Ansys for the generation of Condensed Part

Output file of
Condensed Part 3

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Explicit Dynamics
 Mechanical Explicit Dynamics – 2019 R2
• Explicit Dynamics has taken advantage of the new Ribbon Toolbar
Mechanical Explicit Dynamics – 2019 R2
• Stepawareness is available now for Output Controls
• Results/Probes (adres) files can be controlled per step
• Restart (ad) files can be controlled per step
• Trackers (nlh) files can be controlled per step
• Global option is also still possible (select No)
Mechanical Explicit Dynamics – 2019 R2
Tabular acceleration input
● Define by Vector or Components
● Magnitude: Constant or Tabular
● Enable or disable Acceleration per component per loadstep

Limitations:
● Magnitude = function not allowed
● Scoping is to All Bodies in model
● Only 1 acceleration object is allowed (together with 1
Standard Earth Gravity object)
Post Processing and Graphics
NVH 1) Acoustic Intensity (Sound Intensity) UDR

• Acoustic intensity, denoted AI,

is an element nodal result defined by

AI = p * vc
where

p is the sound pressure(nodal result),

vc is the conjugate of particle velocity (element nodal result).
Acoustic Intensity (real)
Acoustic Intensity (imaginary)
 NVH 2) We have exposed Sweeping Phase Angle in Acoustic
Harmonic UDRs

83
 NVH 3) We have exposed Multiple RPM results in Acoustic Harmonics. Note : Multiple
RPMs behave like multiple load steps.

84
 NVH 4) ERP results in
CMS. In the pictured
model, condensed
part is highlighted.
Results can only be
created on non-
condensed parts

85
 NVH 5) Waterfall diagram enhancements:
Waterfall Diagram results now
provide options to add or remove
probes on the diagram, as well as to
specify lower and upper boundary
values to redistribute the coloring on
the chart.

86
Frequency Display 1)
• Frequency Display is available under Post Processing Category of Solution object.
• Modal Analyses Only.
• Displays when the Solver Type property (Analysis Settings) is set to Full Damped.

Two Options
• Program Controlled (default)
− The results evaluation treats complex frequencies as
complex conjugate pairs.
• All
− The results evaluation is carried out on all the frequencies
extracted from the modal solution, that may or may not be
conjugate pair.
− Increases the number of results sets and listings of the
frequencies in the Tabular Data window even if a lower
number of modes is requested.
Frequency Display 2)
• For example, when 6 Modes are requested in Analysis Settings:
• Frequency Display – Program Controlled

6 modes in
evaluation

6 modes in chart
and tabular data
Frequency Display 3)
• For example, when 6 Modes are requested in Analysis Settings:
• Frequency Display – All

12 modes in
evaluation

12 modes in chart
and tabular data
 Solution Combination

Random Vibration & Response Spectrum

are now supported

Solution Combination evaluation is now 5x faster!

Number of Local Min/Max Probes
• The Number of Local Min/Max Probes can be specified under the Graphics preference of the Options dialog.
• The default setting is 6. The supported range is 1-20.
Deformation Scale Factor on Legend

• A new annotation display option (off by default) of Deformation Scale Factor on Legend for results
• Available using the right-click (context) menu for the result legend displayed in the Geometry window.

Display the current

scaling value on Legend

Turn on the Deformation Scale

Factor option in context menu
Setting the center of rotation on a deformed result.

• Prior to this release the center of rotation could only be set on the geometry. At release 2019 R2, the center
of rotation may be set on the deformed model. This is particularly useful for when result displays have large
deformations or when interrogating a model in slice mode or in iso-surface mode.
Sync Viewports
• This option synchronizes the display in each window
to reorient/move (pan, zoom, rotate) your model in
each window simultaneously.
• Accessed from the Viewports group in Display ribbon.

• Useful for comparing different results side-by-side.

ACT Camera enhancements

SceneHeight and SceneWidth:

• Together, these specify the scene parameters, height and width
(in length units) that will be projected and fit to the viewport.
• Achieve reproducibility of views and results in accurate images.
Animation AVI Legacy Graphics Tools Option
• This option when set to Yes
exports AVI animation video
files using Microsoft
Windows API on Windows
platform
• Useful while exporting at
standard rate ,ensuring
minimal compressions and
better quality videos with
large number of frames.
 Animation Scripting API
• Allows user to export
result/probe animation
from the console
through scripting.
• Global result animation
options like frame
count, duration, range
type can be changed
through the console.

97
General Axisymmetric
Usability enhancements for General Axisymmetric

• Inform General Axisymmetric problematic Axis selection to user

• Support MPC Contact formulation

• Beta features
‐ Trim Contact
‐ Spatially varying normal pressure load
‐ Imported Loads ( Loads which are node based like Imported Temperature)
‐ Displacement specified on edges of General Axisymmetric bodies using Define By option of “Normal To”

99
General Axisymmetric Axis

• Inform General Axisymmetric problematic Axis selection to user

- Axis selection should be in the same plane as the scoped body. The Axis can go out of plane with the
selection of Co-ordinate system or Axis selection
- After mesh is generated, Axis interesting the surface body is detected and a strong warning message is
issued

10
0
MPC Contact formulation

• MPC Contact formulation on General Axisymmetric bodies are now supported

10
1
Beta features for General Axisymmetric

• Trim Contact
• Imported Loads ( Node based )
• Spatially varying Normal Pressure load
• Displacement specified on edges of General Axisymmetric
bodies using Define By option of “Normal To”

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2
ANSYS Composite PrepPost (ACP)
ANSYS Composite Cure Simulation (ACCS)
Outline

• ANSYS Composite PrepPost (ACP)

‐ Save ACP Model Status

‐ Excel Interface
‐ Support for Coordinate Systems Names from Mechanical
‐ Improved Interpolation Algorithm
‐ Other Improvements

• ANSYS Composite Cure Simulation (ACCS)

‐ Various improvements
 ANSYS Composite PrepPost (ACP)

105
Save ACP Model Status

• Results of the model update are now serialized by

default and are loaded on opening. That includes
the entire laminate such as ply extents and fiber
directions, draping results, solid models etc.

• This enables you to continue with the lay-up

modeling immediately after opening the ACP
model a second time.

• It also improves the performance of ACP Post

since the update of the lay-up becomes obsolete.

Ply extents, draping results, solid models etc. are

available on opening.
Excel Interface – Now Supports Look-Up Tables

• The Excel link has been extended and it now

supports Look-Up Tables as well.
• You can define tables with large column sizes
easily using all the functionalities of Excel.
• The support of Modeling Groups and Plies
remains unchanged.
 Support for Coordinate System Names from Mechanical

• The names of the coordinate systems are now

maintained when they are transferred from
Mechanical to ACP (e.g. B4 to B5 as shown on the
right).

• Models created with previous versions are updated

if possible.

• Please refer to the Known Issues & Limitations in B4 - B5

the ACP User’s Guide for more information about
upgrading from previous archives.

108
Improved Interpolation Algorithm

• The Look-Up Table is an advanced feature that allows

you to define variable fields, for instance to specify a
variable ply thickness or user-defined fiber directions.

• The interpolation algorithm of the 3D Look-Up Table

has been improved in various areas and provides now
more continuous and better results.

• Due to these improvements you might get different

results if compared with previous versions.

10
9
 Other Improvements

• Improvements in the Composite Workflows

‐ The variable material workflow for composites allows
you to define layer specific material properties
dependent on any spatial field. A performance limitation
of this workflows has been resolved. The additional
computational overhead of the workflow in the pre- and
post-processing, and solving step is now manageable.

‐ The Clear Generated Data action of the ACP systems

now deletes all generated composite files. This is
relevant when you would like to store a WB archive of
minimal size.

• Compressed Result Files

‐ ACP Post now supports the new compressed RST format
that is enabled by default since this release.

110
 ANSYS Composite Cure Simulation (ACCS)

11
1
 ACCS Enhancements
(A)
• The UI of ACCS adapts the new ribbon design (A).

• Silent install and uninstall is now supported.

• The default values for material properties evolution

have been changed (B). (B)

• Corrected minor bug in computation of material

properties evolution.

• Corrected minor bug in unit support for material

properties evolution.

Note: Because of the enhancements, the results can differ if compared with previous versions.
112
Contact Modeling
Enhancements on Initial Contact Adjustments
• In 2019R2, a new CNCH,TADJ option physically moves the target body towards the contact
surface in the constraint direction with the shortest distance calculated.
• 2019R2 , CNCH,ADJU/MORPH/TADJ can be input by the table which specifies different
adjustment parameters for multiple contact pairs, thereby eliminating the need for
multiple CNCH commands. Exposing to Workbench will be straightforward.

Tabular input for TADJ

*dim,cntab,array,3,3
cntab(1,1)=11,15,17
cntab(1,2)=-.002,-.002,-.002
cntab(1,2)=-.001,-.001,-.001
cnch,tadjust,%cntab%

RID=11 RID=15 RID=17

 Enhancements on Initial Contact Adjustments
Rid = 3
Gap = .05 Tabular input for morph Rid = 3
Gap closed
Rid = 4
Pen = .05 Rid = 4
Pen closed
Rid = 5 Rid = 5
Gap = .05 ioff = is honored

*dim,cnchtable,array,3,4 !define "table"

cnchtable(1,1) = 4, 5, 3 !realID, can be arbitrary order
Internally KEYO(4) is set to 1 if cnchtable(1,2) = 0, 0, 0.1 !cgap
KEYO(4) = 0 for 171-174, KEYO(9) is cnchtable(1,3) = .1, 0, 0 !cpen
set to 1 during executing CNCH cnchtable(1,4) = 0,-.1, 0 !ioff
command cncheck,morph,%cnchtable% One action in stead
of multiple actions
Enhancements on Initial Contact Adjustments

Old pair by pair cncheck,adjust,maxtype+61,maxtype+87,2,,,0.02,0.02,

format: Elapsed cncheck,adjust,maxtype+89,maxtype+115,2,,,0.02,0.02,
time: 391s (all cncheck,adjust,maxtype+117,maxtype+119,2,,,0.02,0.02,
PREP7) cncheck,adjust,maxtype+121,maxtype+147,2,,,0.02,0.02,
cncheck,adjust,maxtype+149,maxtype+169,2,,,0.02,0.02,
Model can not be displayed
*dim,cntable,array,58,4
*do,i,1,58,2
New Tabular j = i+maxtype +60
input: cntable(i,1) = j One action in stead
Elapsed time: cntable(i,2) = 0.02 of multiple actions
355s cntable(i,3) = 0.02
cntable(i,4) = 0.00
29 pairs are adjusted *enddo
cncheck,adjust,%cntable%
 Improved Result Accuracy for Symmetric Contact Pairs
2019 R2 improved on symmetric contact
behavior: both contact pairs in the symmetric
contact definition use the same contact pair
characteristics. The characteristics are
determined by averaging values from the two
pairs.

Improvements are especially useful for

Model can not be displayed
simulating wear between similar material by
reducing the numerical factors of contact

2019 R3 will improve on wear simulation by

adding new mesh morphing algorithm that can
support any element type

Currently brick elements cannot be morphed

due to large amount of wear. Hence user has
to have elongated mesh. 2019R3 plan will
overcome this

117
Enhanced Augmented Lagrange Contact (2019R2)
• The augmented Lagrangian method is an iterative series of penalty methods. The contact
pressure are augmented during equilibrium iterations so that the final penetration is
smaller than the allowable tolerance. In 2019R2, the program performs the augmentations
only after the force and displacement convergence checks have been achieved. In general,
this enhancement improves solution convergence and accuracy, especially for a tightened
user-specified penetration tolerance.
TB,HYPE,1,1,2,MOON
TBDATA,1,0.14458,0.14281,0.
04861

FKN = 0.1 (factor)

FTOLN = 1.e-6 as a factor,
2.5e-7 as the resulting
penetration tolerance

V2019R1 fail to convergence

V2019R2 converges and the
resulting penetration is under FKN = 0.001 (factor)
controlled < 2.5e-7
 Exponential Pressure - Penetration Relationship (2019R2)
• 2019R2 offers a new contact pressure vs penetration relations in
an exponential form for the penalty method.
➢ KEYO(6)=3 and KEYO(2)=0,1. P0 via real 7, C0 via real 8
• It is an individual contact detection based contact stiffness
• The resulting contact stiffness is no longer constant with a pair.
• The default behavior serves the most contact models. In general
it is used to make contact behavior smoother:
➢ Self contact
➢ Hyper elastic materials like rubber
➢ Models having large initial gap,
➢ Mesh size varies across the contact surface
➢ Interface chartering.
• In addition, pressure – penetration relationship can be defined
via tabular format or a user subroutine.
• Many NLAD models can be solved much easier by simply setting
KEYO(6)=3 with all other default parameters
Structural-thermal plastic extrusion using NLAD and exponential law for rigid-
flex contact pair

Without exponential law for contact, analysis stops at 10% deformation

Full extrusion achieved when exponential law used

 Hyperelastic Seals compressed between steel plates using NLAD and
exponential law for self contact pairs

Without exponential law for self contact analysis stops at 77% With exponential law for self contact analysis converges
deformation

121
 Improved Lagrange Multiplier Contact Solution (2019R2)
A new Lagrange multiplier (LM) solution logic is implemented which reduces
numbers of the equation ordering and leads to great performance improvements
and better scalability in DMP run.

Overall Observations for 14 customer’s Models:

Model Detail (DMP 128 CPU cores) Version Solution Time ratio RST File ratio

M1 : Baseline 2019R1 1.00 1.00

M2 : M1 + LM Logic + OUTRES + KEYO,CID,9,1 2019R2 0.70 0.82

M4 = M2 + /FCOMP,RST,SPARSE 2019R2 0.71 0.59

• LM Solution Logic significantly helps reducing solution time

‐ Solution time ratio (relative) reduced by 42%

• /FCOMP,RST,SPARSE significantly reduces RST file size without affecting solution time
‐ RST file ratio reduced by 70%
 Robustness Improvement for Semi-Implicit Method
Semi-Implicit Method allows solution of difficult to converge problems in an implicit solution scheme by solving them
using semi-implicit method- where solution does not need Newton’s iteration

Method involves automatic transition to and from implicit to semi-implicit method

2019 R2 and R3 will focus on improving the robustness of the method

Robustness improved for transitioning back from semi-implicit to implicit transient
Robustness improvement for semi-implicit solution by adding new bisection architecture

Spring On Elastic foundation

Wire Crimping model Curved shell pulling Shell buckling
Successfully transitions back to
(2 Implicit->Semi-implicit- One Implicit->Semi- One Implicit->Semi-
Implicit due to 2019R2
>implicit transitions) implicit transition implicit transition
improvements to robustness
123
Mechanical ADPL Solver
Distributed ANSYS Enhancements

• New features
– Support for substructuring expansion passes
• Improved scaling
– Significantly improved scaling for SMART fracture simulations
– Improved scaling for models involving contact elements which use the Normal Lagrange
algorithm (KEYOPT(2) = 3) while enabling small sliding behavior (KEYOPT(18) = 1)
– Upgraded to Intel MPI 2018
– Faster performance at higher core counts, particularly on Intel Omnipath interconnect
Distributed ANSYS Enhancements
• Substructure expansion passes now take advantage of HPC

DMP Scaling Comparison

25

2019 R1
20 2019 R2

Speedup
15

10
• 1.7 million DOF; sparse solver
• 3D solid elements
5
• 12 master DOF
• Linux cluster; each compute node
contains 2 Intel Xeon E5-2695v3 0
processors, 256GB RAM, SSD, CentOS 7.2 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256
• Mellanox FDR Infiniband Number of Cores
Distributed ANSYS Enhancements
• Improved scaling for SMART Fracture simulations (TurboBlade model)

DMP Scaling Performance

10
Crack
2019 R1
8 2019 R2

Speedup
6

• 2.7 million DOF; sparse solver 4

• Nonlinear static analysis involving
fracture with 1 crack (roughly 100
2
crack tip nodes)
• Linux cluster; each compute node
contains 2 Intel Xeon Gold 6142 0
processors (32 cores), 384GB RAM, 4 8 16 32 64 128 256
SSD, CentOS 7.4 Number of Cores
Distributed ANSYS Enhancements

• Improved scaling for Normal Lagrange contact (Model 1)

DMP Scaling Performance
12
Cannot R19.1
R19.2
10
show 8
2019 R1
2019 R2

model Speedup
6

• 6.5 MDOF; sparse solver 4

• Nonlinear static analysis involving
Normal Lagrange contact and CE/CP 2
• Linux cluster; each compute node
contains 2 Intel Xeon Gold 6142 0
processors (32 cores), 384GB RAM, 2 4 8 16 32 64
SSD, CentOS 7.4 Number of Cores
Distributed ANSYS Enhancements

• Improved scaling for Normal Lagrange contact (Model 2)

DMP Scaling Performance
18
Cannot 16
R19.1
R19.2
show 14

12
2019 R1
2019 R2
model Speedup 10

• 5.9 MDOF; sparse solver 6

• Nonlinear static analysis involving 4
Normal Lagrange contact and CE/CP
• Linux cluster; each compute node 2
contains 2 Intel Xeon Gold 6142 0
processors (32 cores), 384GB RAM, 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256
SSD, CentOS 7.4 Number of Cores
Results File Enhancements

• New compression algorithm (sparsify) on by default

– Smaller results files (10-50% on average)
– Lossless compression of results file data
– Virtually no performance penalty
– Use *XPL command to sparsify/unsparsify existing results files
– Use /FCOMP,RST,0 to disable this sparsification of data
– Codes that directly read the MAPDL results file without using binlib.dll will no longer
work!
Miscellaneous Enhancements

• MSC/Adams interface for .mnf file has been improved

– ADAMS macro changed to reduce results file size (via OUTRES)
– Temporary files written by the MDI/MNF interface library are now written into the
MAPDL simulation working directory
– Previously, temporary files were written into a TMP folder, which may be located on a slower hard drive
with less free disk space available
Element technology
Tetrahedral Thermal Solid Element SOLID291

Features:
• 10-noded connectivity
• Current technology elements
• Capable of nonlinear heat generation

Temperature distribution in a cylindrical

sector modeled with heat generation
defined as a function of temperature using
tabular data. (Simplified model of muscle
having heat exchange with the blood in the
capillary bed)
Imaginary Terms support for Body Force Density (BFE Command)

• BFE, Elem, Lab, STLOC, VAL1, VAL2, VAL3, VAL4

• Defines an element body-force load.
• For Lab = FORC, Body-force density in momentum equation
 For analyses that allow complex input, if Lab = FORC and STLOC = 4, VAL1, VAL2, and
VAL3 are the imaginary X, Y, and Z components of force density (in the global
Cartesian coordinate system).
 The usage of imaginary values for FORC loading via the BFE command is limited to
current-technology solid elements (PLANE182, PLANE183, SOLID185, SOLID186,
SOLID187, and SOLID285) and should only be used for modal or harmonic analyses;
large deflection effects must be off (NLGEOM,OFF).
Imaginary Terms support for Body Force Density (Example)
Solve only once with COMPLEX BFE LOAD IN 2019R2 (double click to view input)
The model consists of a beam under body load in X Y Z Dir,
its one face is fixed to ground. Mesh consists of Solid 185

bfe_FX_R = -2.75e1*3 ! load on volumes

One way to Solve COMPLEX BFE LOAD IN 2019R1 and older is to Solve twice bfe_FY_R = 3.75e1*3
bfe_FZ_R = 4.75e1*3

bfe_FX_I = -2.25e1*3
bfe_FY_I = 1.25e1*3
bfe_FZ_I = 1.75e1*3

alls,all
esel,s,type,,1
Let Damping = C_orig nsle
bfe,all,forc,1,bfe_FX_R,bfe_FY_R,bfe_FZ_R
bfe,all,forc,4,bfe_FX_I,bfe_FY_I,bfe_FZ_I
• 1st with PURE REAL BFE (C_new = C_orig) alls,all
eplot
• 2nd with PURE REAL bfe (C_new = -1*C_orig)

• ADD 1st + 2nd RES ( REF RESULT )

• RE of 1st Solve + Im of 2nd Solve = Re of Complex BFE
• IM of 1st Solve + Re of 2nd Solve = IM of Complex BFE
Multilinear Elastic Material Demo
Multilinear Elasticity
Current generation elements now support multilinear elastic materials (MELAS) and is defined by TB,MELAS
command. This material is elastic and unloading is fully reversible

Elements support: PLANE182 (plane strain or

axisymmetric), PLANE183 (plane strain or
axisymmetric), SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187,
Strain energy SOLSH190, SOLID272, SOLID273, SOLID285,
PIPE288, PIPE289.
Example: Uniaxial loading and unloading
Strain energy history
0.003
0.0025
0.002

Strain energy
0.0015
S185 0.001
0.0005
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Step time

1.6
3 Time history of stress and strains
1.4 2 0.0035 1.4
1.2 1
0.003 1.2
1 4
Stress

0.8 5 Material 0.0025 1

𝜀total

Strain

Stress
0.6 0.002 0.8 Series3
Simulation
0.4 0.0015 0.6
0.2 6 𝜎
0.001 0.4 total
Series4
0
0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005
0.0005 0.2
Strain 0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Step time
Material Designer
Outline

• Particle Reinforced Composites

• Element Orientations
‐ Define Element Orientations for User Defined RVEs
‐ Display Element Orientations
• Improvements for User Defined RVEs
Particle Reinforced Composites (Filler Dispersion)
• Material Designer now supports particle
reinforced composites as additional
predefined RVE types.

• The particles can be arranged in a

regular pattern or randomly distributed.

• Particles can either be solid or hollow.

• Can be used to model materials such as

‐ syntactic foams (e.g. epoxy + glass
microspheres)
‐ metal matrix composites (e.g. aluminum
+ silicon carbide particles)
Element Orientations

• For user defined RVEs, it is now possible

to specify element orientations that vary
over a body using edge and/or surface
guides.

• The new element orientation display

tool allows you to visualize the element
orientations of predefined as well as
user defined RVEs.
Improvements for User Defined RVEs

• Small improvements to make working with user defined RVEs more smooth
• View the new user defined RVE tutorial
modeling an electric sheet

Steel sheet

Epoxy layer

Steel sheet
Acoustics & NVH
Surface Force Density Using Nodal Forces

• To improve performance a new option added in MSUP to switch from

Pressure to Nodal Force application
‐ No load vectors
‐ Load applied using F command via tables in the use pass

14
5
Harmonic Acoustics: Multiple RPMS

• It is now possible to connect an Harmonic

Acoustics analysis to an upstream
Harmonic Response analysis with multiple
RPMS.
• Velocities can then be transferred for all
frequencies of each RPM.
• SPL Mic and Sound Power Level waterfall
diagram results have been added.

14
6
Harmonic Acoustics: Multiple RPMS

• On Import Load group a new option is

available to create Imported Velocity
objects for all RPMs defined in the
upstream analysis and synchronize the
Analysis Settings
• Each import load transfers the velocities
for a given load step of the upstream
system.
• Diffuse Sound not support MRPM

14
7
Harmonic Acoustics: Multiple RPMS

• Sound Power Level waterfall diagram

result has been added.
• SPL Microphone waterfall diagram result
has been added and is available with
“Coordinates” definition method.

14
8
Waterfall Diagrams Results UI Controls

• UI controls have been added for waterfall diagram results to allow probing and user defined lower/upper
bands

14
9
Acoustic Intensity Result

• User Defined Result can now be used to post-process Acoustic Intensity:

15
0
Ignore Acoustic Damping

• New option added in Modal Acoustics (without prestress) and Static Acoustic
analysis settings for pure acoustic and structural-acoustic analyses.
• When activated this option ignore the material properties that creates some damping and thus allows to
avoid using damped eigensolver when desired.
• Material properties ignored are:
‐ Specific Heat
‐ Thermal Conductivity
‐ Viscosity

15
1
Export Result to VRXPERIENCE Sound

• New option allows to send result to VRXPERIENCE Sound Dimension LEA software for sound synthesis, sound
design, psyochoacoustics…

15
2
Export Result to WAV file (beta)

• New option to export a result to WAV file after sound synthesis

15
3
On Demand ERP result calculation (beta)

• To improve performance, expansion pass can be skipped in MSUP harmonic analysis

• ERP charts and waterfall diagrams can be evaluated on demand in this case.

15
4
Aqwa – Hydrodynamic Analysis
Offshore ACT Extension (Beta)

• Exposes in Workbench the MAPDL Ocean functionality, allowing the calculation of submerged beam loads
due to various sea states.
• Applied in Mechanical’s systems:
Static
Transient
Modal
Harmonic Response
 Aqwa in Workbench

• Lock option
The hydrodynamically-interacting structures can be locked to move together.
This is useful for the estimation of splitting forces and moments on a structure in a Hydrodynamic Response

● Import Aqwa solver data file

Current/wind drag coefficients can be import;
Allowing multiple Aqwa model data files consisting of different analysis stages

● External operation before or after solving

Aqwa Workbench editor performs a pre/post-solve operation:
Running a Python script or other custom command before
or after the Aqwa solver performs

157
 Aqwa Solver

• Output mooring information at equilibrium position

Mooring stiffness, forces at attachment points etc for further hydrodynamic and structure analysis

• Direct employing time history record of wave elevation in non-linear hydrodynamic analysis
Import time history of wave elevation records are reproduced by the LFP approach,
Available to compare numerical simulation to the measured data.

Reproduced wave elevation vs Motion response by reproduction of wave record vs

result by equivalent wave spectrum result by equivalent wave spectrum

158
 Additive Prep

159
 Additive Prep in SpaceClaim

Heartcell
support

Rod support
Block with angled
support

160
 ANSYS SpaceClaim Additive Prep Work Flow
Create
Define build Optimize Create
Load parts support
envelope orientation supports
regions

• Import any file format

• Access to all SpaceClaim

features for file
manipulation & repair

• Design parts from scratch

 ANSYS SpaceClaim Additive Prep Work Flow
Create
Define build Optimize Create
Load parts support
envelope orientation supports
regions

• Customize build envelope

dimensions for any
machine and baseplate
configuration
ANSYS SpaceClaim Additive Prep Work Flow
Create
Define build Optimize Create
Load parts support
envelope orientation supports
regions
 ANSYS SpaceClaim Additive Prep Work Flow
Create
Define build Optimize Create
Load parts support
envelope orientation supports
regions

• User-definable support
criteria
• Detect regions where
supports are needed
• Select individual regions to
create supports of different
types
 ANSYS SpaceClaim Additive Prep Work Flow
Create
Define build Optimize Create
Load parts support
envelope orientation supports
regions

• Easy editing with intuitive

schematic illustrations
• Multiple types of supports
➢ Block
➢ Heartcell
➢ Rod
➢ Contour
➢ Line
➢ Custom
166

Additive Prep Support Options

Block with
angled Block support
support
 Additive Print – Part-to-Part Supports Not Touching the Baseplate

• Lock the support file and part file to each other, so that they translate together rather than referencing them
individually against the baseplate.

167
 Additive Print – Removed Decimation
Decimated to 40k Un-decimated
Triangles (<=R1) (R2)
• Previously we reduced the triangle facet
count to 40,000 triangles. This posed
problems for certain geometries. Now, all
operations (except part preview in the UI)
use the original STL file at its provided
accuracy.

168
 Additive Print – Part and Supports Preview

• Preview the Part and Support together in the

Parts Library

169
 Additive Print – Parametric Distortion Compensation

• Users can now provide multiple distortion

compensation factors for a simulation.
‐ Reduce the need for multiple simulations during
evaluation of correct distortion compensation
• Users can now provide negative distortion
compensation factors
‐ Allows users to have an STL file for comparison with
measured point cloud and where VTK is acceptable

Compensated with 1X
Factor

Compensated with 5X
Factor

Compensated with -
5X Factor
170
 Additive Print & Science – Archive Materials
• Clean up the customized material list by archiving materials that you no longer use.

Material List with Material List without

Customized Material Customized Material

171
 Additive Print & Science – System Tray Solve

• When closing the Additive application, the user

has the option to continue the solve in the
system tray so that running simulations are not
cancelled

When closing
application you get a
warning asking if you
Warning to users really want to quit
Visible in Tray if sent the simulation
there

When running normally

When running in tray

172
 Additive Print & Science – Assignable Data Storage Location

• Users can now assign their Additive data to the

directory of their choice

Users assign temp working directory

{"authPort":9002,"minioPort":9001,"simulationAPIPort
":5000,"workflowAPIPort":8181,"workingDirectory":"C:
\\Users\\xxxxxxx\\AppData\\Local\\Temp","userDataDir
ectory":"C:\\Users\\xxxxxxx\\AppData\\Roaming\\ansys
-additive"}

Users assign data directory

{"authPort":9002,"minioPort":9001,"simulationAPIPort
":5000,"workflowAPIPort":8181,"workingDirectory":"C:
\\Users\\xxxxxxx\\AppData\\Local\\Temp","userDataDir
ectory":"C:\\Users\\xxxxxxx\\AppData\\Roaming\\ansys
-additive"}

173
Additive Science - Microstructure Solver BETA

• Predicting microstructural details

− User Inputs Include:
• Scan Pattern
• Laser Power/Speed
• Feature Size
− Thermal solver provides:
• Thermal gradients
• Solidification rates
• Meltpool sizes & shapes
• Meltpool velocities
− Microstructure solver predicts:
• Grain size & orientation
▪ VTK Visualizations as well as statistical data
Vertical Plane Details BETA

• Thermal Solution
‐ ~30 minutes
• Microstructure Solution
‐ ~3 minutes

EBSD, Vertical plane images

Simulation, Vertical plane

In718 Grain Size Prediction Compared to Experiments BETA

Process Parameters Experimental Vertical Simulated Grain Size

HS=120µm; LT=40µm Plane Grain Size (approx.)
P=165W; S=800 32.2 32.96 ± 2.58

P=225W; S=800 61.07 66.2 ± 5.04

P=285W; S=800 61.58 73.97 ± 3.71

P=330W; S=800 59.32 68.04 ± 6.79

P=330W; S=2000 33.75 28.2 ± 0.40

P=375W; S=800 59.51 59.71 ± 1.92

P=375W; S=2000 33.34 30.47 ± 0.50

 Additive Print & Science – Other Features

• Added 316L Beta Materials

• Temp files removed on startup
• Part and support preview autozoom to viewport

Without auto-zoom With auto-zoom

177
Additive Manufacturing
 Outline

• Add User Step Prior to Build Step

• AM Process steps are now much more easily identifiable in the Graph
window under Analysis Settings and in Tabular Data under the Solution
object
• In Topology Optimization analyses, the Overhang Angle input of the AM
Overhang Constraint can now be parametrized
• In Topology Optimization analyses, Include Exclusions effect for AM
Overhang angle constraint ( Beta)

179
 User Step Prior to Build Step

• Support addition of User Step Prior to Build on AM Process Worksheet

180
 Sequence Step identifier for AM Process Simulation

• AM Process steps are now much more easily identifiable in the Graph window under Analysis Settings and in
Tabular Data under the Solution object

Analysis Settings: Graph view

181
 AM Overhang angle constraint to include Exclusions ( SIMP) Beta

• Beta feature: Exclusions can now be part of AM Overhang angle constraint by enabling “Region of AM
Overhang Angle Constraint (Beta)” property on Analysis settings to “Include Exclusions”. “Exclude Exclusions”
setting is the default.

182
Workbench Additive
Enhancements

● Significant enhancements to solution robustness with NLGEOM,ON

● Significant enhancements to tet mesh robustness
● Can add a USER step prior to the BUILD step, e.g. for bolt pretensioning in the AM Process Sequencer
● AM Process steps clearly identified in a graph window in Analysis Settings
● Inherent strain option added (Beta Feature)
Enhancements

The Additive Wizard has been enhanced

● Supports layered tet mesh option

● Supports symmetry
● Supports inclusion of powder elements
● Supports adding of heat treatment step

Import external supports, e.g. from Magics or new Additive Prep

● Volumeless STL
● Uses Additive Print add-in to compute knockdown factors
○ Applied to [K], DENS, and [D]
Volumeless supports into Mechanical

Additive Prep volumeless supports (as Knockdown factors computed by the

viewed in SpaceClaim) voxelizer*

*Factors in IST file converted to BFE,,HGEN and displayed in MAPDL