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 Politécnica University – The Politécnica
Degree in Informatics and Telecommunication Engineering

Technical English

Comparison of LANs and PABX

Students:
Araujo Ernesto
Samira Neila

Teacher:
Paulo Vevelua

Nampula, 2019
Introduction

The research has as its main theme the comparison of LAN and PABX, which consists of the
performance, operation and components that are part of each acronym.

LAN is the Local Area Network and is responsible for distributing internet around a given
company, or to a set of users of the same lineage.

And the PABX is the procedure that allows calls to be transmitted by different carries but
based on a single call line provider.

The PABX stands for automatic private extension switching and allows free call to users on
the same network.

The correlation between these two is derived from the internet post without it the PABX does
not work as it should be and the LAN only works if you have an internet connected or
connected to a network.

This way the work will follow after this introduction and will clarify the doubts according to
its development.
Definition of LANs

LAN stands for Local Area Network. It's a group of computers which all belong to the same
organization, and which are linked within a small geographic area using a network, often with
the same technology (the most widespread being Ethernet).

A local area network is a network in its simplest form. Data transfer speeds over a local area
network can reach up to 10 Mbps (such as for an Ethernet network) and 1 Gbps (as with
FDDI or Gigabit Ethernet). A local area network can reach as many as 100, or even 1000,
users.

By expanding the definition of a LAN to the services that it provides, two different operating
modes can be defined:

In a "peer-to-peer" network (P2P for short), in which communication is carried out from one
computer to another, without a central computer, and where each computer has the same role.
In a "client/server" environment, in which a central computer provides network services to
users.

Components of LANs
LAN components are configurable in a variety of ways, but a LAN always requires the same
basic components.

Network Cards

At the most basic level, a network card is a component that allows the computer to
communicate across a network. This component is frequently built into the motherboard of
today's computers, but it can also be a separate card for use in a PCI slot, or part of an
external unit that connects to the computer via a USB port. Network cards are further
categorized according to whether they operate on wired or wireless networks. However, some
cards do support both wireless and wired networking.
Network Cables

Network cables are the physical lines used to carry information between computers in a wired
LAN. The cables are labeled by their category and are commonly referred to as CatX--where
X is the category number--cable. The most commonly used type in 2010 is Cat5, although
other categories with different properties do exist.

Network Hubs

A network hub acts as a centralized point for data transmission to computers in a LAN.
When data from one computer reaches the hub it is broadcast to every computer in the
network regardless of where the data is intended to go. Network bandwidth on LANs using a
network hub is shared, which means that four computers on a hub will each get one-quarter
the total bandwidth available on the hub.

Network Switches

An alternative to the network hub is the network switch. Switches represent a newer
networking technology that assigns each computer in the network a specific MAC address.
This allows LANs using a network switch to route information to individual computers.
Because network switches do not broadcast to every computer on the network, they can
simultaneously allot their full bandwidth to each computer.

Routers

Unlike switches and hubs, network routers are used to connect networks to one another,
rather than connecting computers in a single network. Routers can connect groups of
computers that are separated by a wall or by an ocean.

They are most commonly found in the home, where they facilitate the connection of home
computers to the Internet; however, they can be used to connect networks of any kind. Most
modern network routers are actually combination units that contain a router and a network
switch, in addition to a handful of other networking-related tools such as a DHCP server and
a firewall.

Representation of LAN Diagram (Local Area Network)

A network connecting computers in a relatively small area such as a building. A Local Area
Network (LAN) delivers applications to local users, and provides the infrastructure for group
collaboration, file sharing and transfer, printing and the rest of the user experience.
Definition of PABX

A Private Branch Exchange (PBX) or Private Automatic Branch Exchange (PABX), whose
translation would be Private Extension Exchange (PBX), is a telephone distribution center
owned by a company that does not include the provision of telephone services to the general

What is the difference between PBX and PABX?

In a nutshell, PBX stands for Private Branch Exchange, and PABX stands for Private
Automatic Branch Ex change. The word 'Automatic' gives a hint as to how the two differ
from each other. ... Because of this, the terms PABX and PBX are used interchangeably as
they basically point to the same system.

How a PBX Works

The basic function of a PBX system is to allow in-house calling between extensions and to
easily enable routing for outside calls. For companies with many employees, this was an
elegant and practical solution to everyday productivity and expense issues associated with
their operations and communications.

When an employee in one department (or office) places a call to another employee on the
same network, the call is routed through the internal exchange and doesn’t require an outside
line.
When this same employee needs to place a call outside of the company network (an outside
call), a line is easily attainable through the same exchange.

This system is able to save businesses in overall communications costs by allowing these
lines to operate independently of their telephone service provider for the large volume of in-
network calls that most businesses have.

Components of PABX

The PABX system itself is not overly complex in its design. It was designed to mimic the
same process that the telephone companies used to switch and connect calls, but to do so
within a company’s on-premise, or in-network area.

For a company that is researching deployment of their own PBX system, several components
are necessary to purchase.

Exchange

The exchange itself is basically a large switching station that connects and routes calls,
whether internally or externally. This unit can be as small as a cabinet or as large as a large
closet or room depending on the size of the network and the number of lines involved. This is
the “brain” of the PBX system and is where the bulk of the equipment, software, and expense
are concentrated.

Gateway

The gateway is the component of a PBX system that connects the internal network to the
outside world. This serves to route calls from the exchange unit to the local Public Switched
Telephone Network (PTSN) lines. When someone inside the PBX system dials an outside
line, the gateway is responsible for connecting the internal extension to the outside line in
order to complete the call.

Handsets

The actual telephone handsets used with PBX systems are generally specialized units that are
designed with the increased set of functions that come with most PBX systems in mind.
These handsets are equipped to enable users to dial inside extensions, connect to outside
lines, utilize paging and intercom features, and to access other feature sets that are available
within a given system.

Total Cost for PBX

The total cost of ownership (TCO) of a PBX system varies depending on the scope and
features included in the system and on the service provider or manufacturer who is supplying
the parts and maintenance. There are often service charges involved when adding or altering
extensions, upgrading systems, or otherwise changing the operational parameters of a PBX
system. These charges can vary greatly depending on the service provider and manufacturer.

VoIP PABX

VoIP PABX or SIP-based IP voice switch with a small embedded OS and rich
GUI(Graphical User Interface), providing a powerful networking and corporate
communication function. With it, users can quickly deploy an internal communication system
for enterprise, as well as configure convenient applications and value-added services on VoIP
PABX via its GUI, to fit enterprises own various demand. Targeting for SOHO user and
SMB market with an easy to use graphical interface, IP02 provides a cost-saving solution on
their telecommunication/data needs. With IP02, company with branch offices in different
countries can be easily combined together to work like a virtual single office through internet

How would a VoIP PABX connect.

You can use your current network cabling to install the VoIP PABX. You may also use your
current Telkom lines.

Representation of PABX

Below is a diagram of how the connectivity would be done on a VoIP PABX

After the work is done, the group concludes that a LAN is the process of utilizing the network
over several direct or indirect line, palpable or non-palpable.
Thus, LAN works as web server of a given company or to greater extent depending on your
interest.
And PABX can be an automatic telephone distribution center whose purpose is to reach
information belonging to a give company.
Thus, not including as one of its activities ‘‘The provision of telephone services to the general
public’’. In other words, the PABX provides services at no additional cost within it.
However, the call is not changed when made by a company.
And talking about PABX is the same as talking about private extension automatic exchange,
and it doesn’t work without the internet.
And talking about LAN is also talking about the Local Area Network.